Secondary ELAMDT

The art of using words to persuade in writing or reading. All types of writing—fiction, nonfiction, drama, and poetry—seek to persuade.

College Board

The study of how a writer uses elements of language—diction, detail, image, tone, syntax, logical ordering, etc—to achieve a specific purpose.

College Board

Speeches Cartoons Advertisements Letters Poetry Prose Magazine and newspaper articles on

controversial issues

AUDIENCE

CONTEXT

WRITER

TEXT

Writer Who is the writer and what type of writer is he or she?What stance is he or she taking?What are his or her beliefs, values, and assumptions?

Text What is the text’s message?How is it constructed?How does the text create meaning?How are these meaning influenced by the writer?

Audience Who is the intended audience for the text? Why?What is the purpose of the writing?

Context In what historical context was the text written?How does the context affect the text’s meaning?

Tone

appeal to audience’s sense of reason using facts, statistics, evidence

appeal to audience’s virtue, morals, prudence

appeal to audience’s emotions

Word choice Sentence structure Words that appeal to five senses

HyperboleMetaphorMetonymySimilePersonificationApostrophe