Sec. 4: Life in the English Sec. 4: Life in the English ColoniesColonies

Colonial GovernmentColonial Government

English colonies all had their own English colonies all had their own gov’t gov’t

English Monarch had ultimate English Monarch had ultimate controlcontrol

Privy Council:Privy Council: royal advisers that set royal advisers that set English colonial policiesEnglish colonial policies

Each colony had a governor Each colony had a governor most most were chosen by the English were chosen by the English King/Queen, some by proprietorsKing/Queen, some by proprietors

Very few (Connecticut) Very few (Connecticut) elected elected their own governortheir own governor

1619 1619 11stst colonial colonial legislature in Virginialegislature in Virginia

Split into two houses: Split into two houses: 1. Council of 1. Council of State State members members selected by advisory selected by advisory council and the council and the London Co.London Co.

2. House of 2. House of Burgesses Burgesses members elected by members elected by colonistscolonists

VirginiaVirginia House of Burgesses House of Burgesses

Town meetingTown meeting: center of politics : center of politics where people talked about and where people talked about and decided on local issues ie. Paying for decided on local issues ie. Paying for schoolsschools

English Bill of RightsEnglish Bill of Rights: 1689-: 1689-Parliament passed this act to reduce Parliament passed this act to reduce the powers of English Monarchsthe powers of English Monarchs

English Trade LawsEnglish Trade Laws

1650-1696 1650-1696 Parliament passed Parliament passed Navigation ActsNavigation Acts limiting and limiting and controlling trade (ie. Forbidding controlling trade (ie. Forbidding certain trade items & imposing certain trade items & imposing taxes)taxes)

Triangular tradeTriangular trade: system in which : system in which goods and slaves were traded among goods and slaves were traded among the Americas, Britain & Africathe Americas, Britain & Africa

Middle PassageMiddle Passage: terrifying and deadly : terrifying and deadly journey that brought millions of journey that brought millions of Africans across the Atlantic OceanAfricans across the Atlantic Ocean

Triangular TradeTriangular TradeTriangular TradeTriangular Trade

The Great AwakeningThe Great Awakening 1730’s 1730’s spread of religion spread of religion

throughout the colonies by holding throughout the colonies by holding revivals & gatherings to hear revivals & gatherings to hear sermonssermons

Great AwakeningGreat Awakening: religious : religious movement in colonies led by movement in colonies led by Jonathan Edwards of M.A.Jonathan Edwards of M.A.

Sermons about spiritual equality of Sermons about spiritual equality of all people tied in with religion.all people tied in with religion.

Revivals were open forums to discuss Revivals were open forums to discuss political and social issuespolitical and social issues

Sec. 4……….notes continued

EnlightenmentEnlightenment

EnlightenmentEnlightenment: : movement that movement that spread the idea that spread the idea that logic and reason logic and reason could improve societycould improve society

New ideas about the New ideas about the universe began the universe began the Scientific RevolutionScientific Revolution

John Locke John Locke philosopher who philosopher who believed people had believed people had natural human rights natural human rights like equality and libertylike equality and liberty

John Locke

The French & Indian WarThe French & Indian War

1600’s – 1700’s 1600’s – 1700’s Great Britain and Great Britain and France were fighting over North France were fighting over North American territory American territory conflict started conflict started in Europe and spread to the coloniesin Europe and spread to the colonies

1754 1754 French & Indian war begins French & Indian war begins British colonists wanted to take British colonists wanted to take over French lands to control the fur over French lands to control the fur tradetrade

George Washington is defeated at George Washington is defeated at Fort NecessityFort Necessity

Native American AlliesNative American Allies

Some Native Americans allied with Some Native Americans allied with the French colonists the French colonists

felt relationship was good for tradingfelt relationship was good for trading Many N.A. trusted the French more Many N.A. trusted the French more

than the Englishthan the English

Treaty of ParisTreaty of Paris 1759 1759 turning point in the turning point in the

war war British General James British General James Wolfe captured QuebecWolfe captured Quebec

Treaty of Paris:Treaty of Paris: signed by signed by France and Britain in 1763 France and Britain in 1763 ending the warending the war

France France lost most of it’s lost most of it’s power in N. Americapower in N. America

Spain Spain New Orleans & all New Orleans & all French territory west of French territory west of Mississippi R.Mississippi R.

Britain Britain Canada & all French Canada & all French land east of Mississippi R.land east of Mississippi R.

Britain placed all colonies Britain placed all colonies under strict control under strict control began began taxing them to pay for the wartaxing them to pay for the war

Western FrontierWestern Frontier

Balance of power changes in N. Balance of power changes in N. America America British settlers began British settlers began moving westmoving west

Pontiac:Pontiac: Ottawa chief who opposed Ottawa chief who opposed settlement in the new landsettlement in the new land

1763 1763 began attacking the British began attacking the British on the frontieron the frontier

Proclamation of 1763:Proclamation of 1763: issued by issued by King George III banning British King George III banning British settlement west of the Appalachian settlement west of the Appalachian Mts.Mts.