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REVIEW OF GRAMMAR

Wrighting good meens you got to follow allthe ruls; like speling, good, propper,

punctuashun and coreckt grammar.

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WHY THE FUSS?

CREDIBILITY: How can a persons workbe considered believable if that person isso ignorant as to be unable to writecorrectly?

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WHY THE FUSS?

ACCURACY: A misspelled word, amisplaced comma, or a missing verb canchange, hide, or confuse the meaning of asentence.

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WHY THE FUSS?

EFFICIENCY: A document that requiresmuch effort to decipher simply will not beread. Likewise, the message of a speaker who is difficult to hear or follow will simplybe ignored. In both cases, the effort is awaste.

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WHAT ARE THE CRITERIA?

Spelling Use a spell checker or a dictionary Use a proof reader

Punctuation Use a ___________

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PAGE FORMATTING

Use a cover sheet and NO PLASTICCOVERS!

Staple pages at upper left hand corner Use FLUSH LEFT justification (ragged

right)

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MORE PAGE FORMATTING

Double CHARACTER space betweensentences

Double LINE space within paragraph TRIPLE line space between paragraphs Margins: L=1.5; R, T, & B=1.0

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STILL MORE FORMATTING:Page Numbers

Front Matter (title page, table of contents, abstract, acknowledgements,and preface) the pages preceding thetext- are numbered using lower caseRoman numerals.

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STILL MORE FORMATTING:Page Numbers

The first page of text is page 1, but thepage number is not printed.

Others are printed, centered at the bottomof the page preceded by your name, acomma, a space, Page, and the pagenumber.

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SPELLING

Poor spelling reveals the writersignorance for all the world (or theperson[s] the writer is trying toconvince/impress/educate) to see.

USE A SPELL CHECKER!

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SPELL CHECKERS

Cant find properly spelled- but misused-words (homonyms).For example, using the word there whenyou mean their is both a spelling error and an inappropriate word selection agrammatical error!

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PUNCTUATION

PeriodEnds sentence and most abbreviations

Decimal pointURL & E-Mail delimiters

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Question mark Direct, but not indirect (rhetorical) questions In parentheses to indicate uncertainty (?)

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Exclamation point Comma

Semicolon As conjunctions with adverbs. Separates independent clauses.

Separates items in a series that containinternal commas.

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Colon Following the salutation in a letter. Following the date, to, from, and subject

headers in a memorandum. To separate a statement from its following

amplifier.

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Quotation marks Periods & commas stay within. Colons & semicolons stay outside. Exclamation and question marks may be

either in or out, depending whether it is a partof a quotation.

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Quotation marks- cont. Enclose titles of articles, book chapters,

poems, and unpublished reports.

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Use quotation marks to enclose verbatimphrases of less than fifty words. Verbatim phrases of fifty or more words

should be set off by indenting as an entireparagraph five spaces and using single linespacing.

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Apostrophe Ellipses

3 dots (), each separated by a character space.

Purpose?

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Italics Parentheses

Brackets Dashes

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PUNCTUATION (CONT.)

Hyphen Slash

Capital v. lower-case letters Numbers

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GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

Sentence fragments Comma splice

Fused sentence Choppy sentences Faulty coordination

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MORE GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

Faulty subordinationFaulty agreementsubject & verbsingular/plural

Dangling modifiers Faulty parallelism

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MORE GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

Inappropriate word choicesWords that sound similar (almost likehomonyms), but have quite differentmeanings.Idea (a thought) vs. Ideal (a standard of

perfection).

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DOCUMENTING SOURCES(CITATIONS)

The APA Manual is the standard for documentation formatting.

Language Skills Handbook (2 nd edition),covers most of the bases.

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MORE YET ON SOURCEDOCUMENTATION

The primary factor in formatting citationsand referencing is to be consistent.Nonetheless, the appropriate formatshould be used.

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THE END