REINFORCED AND POST-REINFORCED AND POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE TENSIONED CONCRETE

STRUCTURESSTRUCTURESBY :BY :

HAZAR FRAIJHAZAR FRAIJSUHA AL- BRAIZATSUHA AL- BRAIZAT

DANA ATTILIDANA ATTILI

SUPERVISED BY :SUPERVISED BY :Dr. HASAN TANTAWIDr. HASAN TANTAWI

Dr. EMHAIDY GHARAIBEHDr. EMHAIDY GHARAIBEH

……………………..TO..TO

Dr. HASAN TANTAWIDr. HASAN TANTAWI

Dr. EMHAIDY GHARAIBEHDr. EMHAIDY GHARAIBEH

……………………..TO..TO

OUR BELOVED FATHERS AND OUR BELOVED FATHERS AND MOTHERSMOTHERS

INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT:

Aims and expected results to our project.

Related work and team work.

Content of project.

Importance of the project.

Related work:

Types Of Bridges:

Slab and voided slab bridges. Girder bridge. Cantilever bridge. Arch bridge. Truss bridge. Suspension bridge. Cable stayed bridge. Movable bridge.

What about bridges in Amman?

Girder bridge type members:

Super structure members:Deck slab.

Girders.

Diaphragms.

Approach slab.

Wearing surface and parapet.

Sub structure members

Abutment. Pier. Bearings. Back wall. Wing wall.

Designed loads: Permanent load ( dead +

superimposed + pressures )

Temporary loads (vehicle live load + wind load + impact )

What is the live load on bridges??

R.C GIRDER BRIDGE DESIGN

SUPER STRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN.

Deck slab analysis and design.

RESULTS OF OUR DESIGN

Girders analysis and design:

Analysis of continuous bridge for live load is by using influence lines technique.

Analysis of bridge for dead load by using moment distribution method.

Shear force diagram is based on 1.2 of the values in assumption of simply supported.

Analysis of girders

ANALYSIS OF 3 SPANS CONTINOUS GIRDERS

How we design the girders ??

Design over support

Design at mid of 30m span

Design at mid of 20m span

Design of approach slab

Functions of approach slab.

Principle of analysis and design of approach slab.

Approach slab details

Elastomeric bearing design

What is the elastomeric bearing??

What is the functions of this bearing type ??

Basic of design of elastomeric bearing.

designed load of bearings. Principle of analysis to design

bearing. Thickness of bearing choosing

to be ≥2 of thermal expansion. How we choose the area of

bearing??

Shape factor = s = A/(pad circumstance x layer thickness)

Horizontal force exerted on structure due to by bearing

H = G x A x Δt / ERT Shear strain must not exceed 7%

and find from the following curve.

The designed elastomeric bearing for 2 bridges

In R.C girder bridge we found ERT = 38mm and pad dimensions = 305 x 250 mm over abutment and 765x250mm over piers.

In P.C girder bridge we found ERT = 5.7mm with area dimensions = 483x381 over abutment and 584x609.6mm over pier.

Elastomeric bearing over pier

COLUMN BENT PIER

TYPES OF PIERS.

WHY WE CHOOSE THIS TYPE OF PIERS?

FUNCTION OF PIERS.

COLUMN BENT PIER SHAPE

Computed live load and dead load on each girder

ANALYSIS AND DESIGNED LOADbending moment diagram

ANALYSIS AND DESIGNED LOADshear force diagram

Design of cap ( cantilever part)

Sections location

Sections design

Section c design

Column design

Column diameter = 1.3 m. Column diameter found from below

equations: r = D / 4 = √ I / A D = 4 L / 15 = 1.3m We design it as short column. The design of main steel based on minimum

steel (24Ø25mm) We use spiral tieds to resist shear.

COLUMN IS DESIGNED BASED ON MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT

HOW WE DESIGN THE FOUNDATION OF PIER??

TWO SINGLE FOOTINGS ARE DESIGNED UNDER EACH COLUMN.

HOW WE DESIGN THIS FOOTING??

DEPTH THAT ARE USED IN THIS FOOTING ARE 1.4 m.

AREA FOR EACH FOOTING = 16 m2

Plan of designed footing under column

System as whole;

Abutment design and Abutment design and analysisanalysis• Abutment is a retaining structure.Abutment is a retaining structure.• We design abutment as cantilever We design abutment as cantilever

retaining wall.retaining wall.• We neglect the passive earth pressure.We neglect the passive earth pressure.• The most important idea is to choose The most important idea is to choose

area of abutment footing so that the area of abutment footing so that the applied service pressure on soil does not applied service pressure on soil does not greater than net bearing capacity of soil.greater than net bearing capacity of soil.

Basic of abutment designBasic of abutment design

Results of designed Results of designed abutmentabutment

Results of stem designResults of stem design

Post-tensioned concrete girder Post-tensioned concrete girder bridgebridge

• Basic of design deck slab is the same Basic of design deck slab is the same as R.C girder bridge.as R.C girder bridge.

• Bridge is 2 spans continuous each Bridge is 2 spans continuous each span 35m long.span 35m long.

• Analysis of live load for the girders Analysis of live load for the girders are using influence lines technique.are using influence lines technique.

• We design the girders as cast in situe We design the girders as cast in situe AASHTO girder type 4.AASHTO girder type 4.

System of analysisSystem of analysis

POST TENSIONINING POST TENSIONINING SYSTEMSYSTEM

IN OUR DESIGN WE USE 0.5” 7-WIRES IN OUR DESIGN WE USE 0.5” 7-WIRES STRESS RELIVED STRANDS THIS STRESS RELIVED STRANDS THIS STRANDS HAS ULTIMATE STRENGTH STRANDS HAS ULTIMATE STRENGTH OF OF 1860 1860 Mpa WHILE REINFORCED Mpa WHILE REINFORCED STEEL HAVE YIELDED STRENGH OF STEEL HAVE YIELDED STRENGH OF 420420 Mpa. Mpa.

The number of strands in each girder The number of strands in each girder was was 3838 strands. strands.

STAGES OF LODINGSTAGES OF LODING

• The system consist of tow The system consist of tow stages of loadingstages of loading

• During construction stage During construction stage (load including dead load (load including dead load

due to self weight except due to self weight except parapet and wearing parapet and wearing surface).surface).

• After construction stage After construction stage (load including the last (load including the last loading + live load loading + live load +excepted load on last +excepted load on last stage.stage.

How we use this system in How we use this system in continuous bridgecontinuous bridge

DISTRIBUTION OF STRANDS ON DISTRIBUTION OF STRANDS ON AASHTO GIRDER TYPE 4AASHTO GIRDER TYPE 4

Types of lossesTypes of losses

• Friction lossesFriction losses• Shrinkage lossesShrinkage losses• Elastic shortening lossesElastic shortening losses• Creep in concreteCreep in concrete• Relaxation of steelRelaxation of steelError in estimation of Error in estimation of

losses must be <10% or losses must be <10% or equal to 10%equal to 10%

Hammer head type of pier

We design the pier of Post-tensioned girder bridge as hammer head type.

There are critical sections of this R.C structure .

Hammer head type

Most critical sections design

Foundation of hammer head type design

Abutment design of P.C Abutment design of P.C bridgebridge

Sensitivity analysis of members1- Single R.C beam:

effecting of parameters on single reinforced beam strength

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6

ratio

Mn

(Mp

a)

As effective depth width of beam concrete strength

2- Double R.C beam

major parameters affecting strength of double RC beam

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

AS'

d

b

fc'

As

3- axially loaded column

sensitivity analysis for braced axial loaded short column

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 0.5 1 1.5

ratio

pn

(K

N) Ac

fc'

As

4 -Uniaxial bending column

sensitivity analysis for uniaxial bending column

020406080

100120140160

0 0.5 1 1.5

ratio

Mn(

KN

-m) d

As

fc'

b

5 -biaxial bending column

parameters affecting strength of biaxial column

00.20.40.60.8

11.21.41.6

0 0.5 1 1.5

ratio

M/M

0

b

h

fc'

As

Summary of results

Safeway bridge design

Super structure design as voided slab type. Safeway bridge is designed based on 1.5 of

HS20. This bridge have 19 voids to reduce self

weight of slab. Safeway bridge is continuous 2 spans each

45’ . The results of our design is closely to the

designed one.

Acquired skills Team work is the most important factor affecting

our performed project. Logical and scientific distribution of the work on

the expected duration. Divide the expected performed work into

milestones and then provide work break down structure to the project.

Use computer technology. Leadership and director is essensial to reach the

aim of project at a given time.

Thank you every body for your attendance.special thanks for Dr. Hasan Tantawi and Dr. Emhaidy Gharaibeh who spent their time to provide us with this useful comments and achievement in development of this project.

Questions???

بلدي يا بلدي حلوه يا حلوه