Reform, Expansion, and War - Your History Site American Journey/chap21.pdf · Reform, Expansion, and War 1865–1920 ... answered the call for reform of the ... CHAPTER 21 Progressive

CHAPTER XX Chapter Title606

Why It Matters

Reform Expansion

and War1865ndash1920

Yosemite Valleyby Ansel Adams

As you study Unit 8 you will learnthat progressive reforms affected

many areas of American life duringthis era You will also learn why the

United States took a more active rolein international affairs The following

resources offer more informationabout this period in American history

Primary Sources LibrarySee pages 972ndash973 for primary source

readings to accompany Unit 8 Use the American history

Primary Source Document LibraryCD-ROM to find additional primary

sources about reform expansion andWorld War I

World War I enlistment poster

28734564

ldquoSuffrage is thepivotal rightrdquo

mdashSusan B Anthony 1897

ProgressiveReforms

1877ndash1920

1887bull Interstate Commerce

Commission formed

1879bull British win

Zulu War

1893bull New Zealand

grants women suffrage

1889bull Brazil becomes

a republic

1897bull First World Zionist

Congress convenes

Hayes1877ndash1881

1901bull President McKinley

assassinated

CHAPTER 21 Progressive Reforms

1880 1890 1900

Arthur1881ndash1885

Cleveland1885ndash1889

B Harrison1889ndash1893

McKinley1897ndash1901

Garfield1881

Why It MattersThe spirit of reform gained strength in the late 1800s and thrived during the early

1900s The reformers called progressives were confident in their ability to improvegovernment and the quality of life

The Impact TodayProgressive reforms affected many areas of American life Among these are govern-

ment consumersrsquo rights and education

The American Journey Video The chapter 21 video ldquoThe ProgressiveMovementrdquo studies the movement and how it gained strength over time

32496143

1920bull Nineteenth Amendment

grants woman suffrage

1905bull Einstein announces

theory of relativity

1911bull Rutherford discovers

structure of atom

HISTORY

Chapter OverviewVisit tajglencoecom andclick on Chapter 21mdashChapter Overviews to pre-view chapter information

The Lone Tenement by George Bellows 1909 Bellowsrsquos favoritethemes which include city scenes and athletic events mark him asa uniquely American painter

1910 1920

1906bull Sinclairrsquos The Jungle

published

1909bull The NAACP

is formed

1919bull Eighteenth

Amendment prohibits alcohol

Roosevelt1901ndash1909

Taft1909ndash1913

Wilson1913ndash1921

Step 1 Fold a sheet of paper in half from side toside leaving a inch tab along the side

Step 2 Turn the paper and fold into fourths

Step 3 Unfold and cut up along the three foldlines

Step 4 Label your foldable as shown

Fold in halfthen fold inhalf again

Make fourtabs

Analyzing Information Study FoldableMake this foldable to help you analyzeinformation about the Progressive movement

Reading and Writing As you read find andwrite answers to the four questions under theappropriate tab of your foldable

Leave inch tab

WHATwas the

Progressivemovement

HOW didit changethe roles

of women

WHOwere the

Progressivepresidents

WHY weresome groups

excludedfrom

reform

1887Interstate Commerce Commission is established

1890Congress passes ShermanAntitrust Act

1906Upton Sinclairwrites The Jungle

1912Congress passesthe SeventeenthAmendment

Main IdeaMany men and women became partof a widespread movement to bringabout reform

Key Termspolitical machine patronage civilservice trust muckraker primary initiative referendum recall

Reading StrategyOrganizing Information As you readSection 1 re-create the diagrambelow and list two or more reformsfor each category

Read to Learnbull how journalists helped shape the

reform movementbull how cities states and Congress

answered the call for reform of thegovernment

Section ThemeGovernment and Democracy Ameri-cans took action against corruption inbusiness and government

The ProgressiveMovement

Newspaper reporter Jacob Riis shocked Americans in 1890 with his book How theOther Half Lives With words and powerful photographs Riis vividly portrayed immi-grant life in New York Cityrsquos crowded tenements Said Riis ldquoWe used to go in the smallhours of the morning into the worst tenements to count noses and see if the lawagainst overcrowding was violated and the sights I saw there gripped my heart until Ifelt that I must tell of them or burstrdquo

Fighting CorruptionMany Americans called for reform in the late 1800s The reformers had many

different goals Progressive reformers focused on urban problems governmentand business They claimed that government and big business were takingadvantage of the American people rather than serving them

Political machinesmdashpowerful organizations linked to political partiesmdashcon-trolled local government in many cities In each ward or political district withina city a machine representative controlled jobs and services This representative

How the Other HalfLives by Jacob Riis

610 CHAPTER 21 Progressive Reforms

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1885 1895 1905 1915

Reforms

Government Business Voting

71105576

611CHAPTER 21 Progressive Reforms

was the political boss The bosses gained votesfor their parties by doing favors for people suchas offering turkey dinners and summer boat ridesproviding jobs for immigrants and helping needyfamilies A political boss was often a citizenrsquos clos-est link to local government Although they didhelp people many bosses were dishonest

Corrupt politicians found numerous ways tomake money They accepted bribes from tene-ment landlords in return for overlooking viola-tions of city housing codes They receivedcampaign contributions from contractors hop-ing to do business with the city They alsoaccepted kickbacks A kickback is an arrange-ment in which contractors padded the amountof their bill for city work and paid or ldquokickedbackrdquo a percentage of that amount to the bosses

Some politicians used their knowledge of citybusiness for personal profit A person who knewwhere the city planned to build a road could buyland there before the route became publicknowledge Later the land could be sold for ahuge profit

One of the most corrupt city bosses WilliamM Tweed known as Boss Tweed headed NewYork Cityrsquos Democratic political machine in the1860s and 1870s Tweed and a network of city

The Tweed Ring Boss Tweed and NewYork City officials are shown pointing toone another in response to the questionldquoWho stole the peoplersquos moneyrdquo OnTweedrsquos right a man holds a hat labeledldquoChairsrdquo a reference to the $179000 NewYork City paid for 40 chairs and threetables Other contractors and cheatsmdashtheirnames on their coatsmdashcomplete the ldquoringrdquoHow did political bosses gain votesfor their parties

Analyzing Political Cartoons

B Peter SweenyA Boss Tweed C Richard Connelly D Mayor A Oakey Hall

officialsmdashthe Tweed ringmdashcontrolled the policethe courts and some newspapers They collectedmillions of dollars in illegal payments from com-panies doing business with the city Political car-toonist Thomas Nast exposed the Tweed ringrsquosoperations in his cartoons for Harperrsquos WeeklyTweed was convicted and sentenced to prison

CitizenshipNew Ways to Govern Cities

To break the power of political bosses reform-ers founded organizations such as the NationalMunicipal League in Philadelphia These groupsworked to make city governments more honestand efficient

Cities troubled by poor management or cor-ruption tried new forms of government After atidal wave devastated Galveston Texas in 1900the task of rebuilding the city overwhelmed themayor and city council Galvestonrsquos citizens per-suaded the Texas state legislature to approve a new charter that placed the city government in the hands of five commissioners The new commission efficiently rebuilt the city By 1917

14356735

commissions governednearly 400 cities Manyother cities mostly smallones hired professionalcity managers

One successful civicreformer was Tom John-son mayor of Cleve-land Ohio from 1901 to

1909 He battled corporations and party bossesto lower streetcar fares improve food inspec-tions and build parks Because of Johnsonrsquosreforms Cleveland became known as the best-governed city in the United States

Fighting the Spoils SystemThe spoils systemmdashrewarding political sup-

porters with jobs and favorsmdashhad been com-mon practice since the time of Andrew JacksonWhenever a new president came to power jobseekers flooded the nationrsquos capital

The spoils systemmdashalso called patronagemdashexisted at all levels of government and led tonumerous abuses Many who received govern-ment jobs were not qualified Some were dishonest

Presidents Rutherford B Hayes (1877ndash1881)and James Garfield (1881) wanted to change thespoils system Hayes tried to do this by reformingthe civil servicemdashthe body of nonelected govern-ment workersmdashbut neither the Democratic northe Republican Party supported his efforts

Garfield also hoped to reform the civil serviceHe believed that people should be appointed togovernment jobs not as a reward for political sup-port but because of their qualifications Garfieldtook office in 1881 but was assassinated by anunsuccessful office seeker before he could launchhis reforms

When Vice President Chester A Arthur suc-ceeded Garfield he tried to end the spoils systemIn 1883 Congress passed the Pendleton Actwhich established the Civil Service Commissionto set up competitive examinations for federaljobs Applicants had to demonstrate their abilitiesin this examination By 1900 the commission con-trolled the hiring of many federal employees

Explaining Whom did the spoilssystem reward

Economics

Controlling BusinessDuring the late 1800s many Americans came

to believe that trusts or combinations of compa-nies were becoming too large They believedthese trusts had too much control over the econ-omy and the government This public concernled to new laws regulating big business

In 1890 Congress passed the ShermanAntitrust Act the first federal law to controltrusts and monopolies Supporters of the lawhoped it would keep trusts from limiting com-petition During the 1890s however the gov-ernment rarely used the Sherman Act to curbbusiness Instead it applied the act againstlabor unions claiming that union strikes inter-fered with trade Not until the early 1900s didthe government win cases against trusts byusing the Sherman Act

Reining in the RailroadsThe railroads functioned as an oligopolymdasha

market structure in which a few large compa-nies control the prices of the industry Reformerscalled for regulations on railroad rates but theSupreme Court ruled that only Congress couldenact legislation to regulate commerce thatcrossed state lines

So in 1887 Congress passed the InterstateCommerce Act which required railroads tocharge ldquoreasonable and justrdquo rates and to publishthose rates The act also created the InterstateCommerce Commission (ICC) to supervise therailroad industry and later the trucking industry

Lowering TariffsReformers also wanted to lower tariffs

Many people believed that high tariffs led tohigher prices for goods In 1890 the Republi-cans raised tariffs sharply to protect Americanbusinesses from international competition Vot-ers showed their opposition to high tariffs bysending many Democrats to Congress GroverCleveland who became president in 1893 alsosupported lower tariffs

Explaining Why did many peoplewant lower tariffs

HISTORY

Student Web ActivityVisit tajglencoecom andclick on Chapter 21mdashStudent Web Activitiesfor an activity on the Pro-gressive movement

24979161

The New ReformersIn the early 1900s new ideas for correcting

injustice and solving social problems emergedamong American reformers Socialism and pro-gressivism were two such ideas

Socialists believed a nationrsquos resources andmajor industries should be owned and operatedby the government on behalf of all the peoplemdashnot by individuals and private companies fortheir own profit Eugene V Debs helped foundthe American Socialist Party in 1898 UnderDebsrsquos leadership the party won some supportin the early 1900s Debs ran for president fivetimes but never received more than 6 percent ofthe popular vote

During the same period progressivesbrought new energy to the reform movementLike the socialists many progressives werealarmed by the concentration of wealth andpower in the hands of a few Progressivesrejected the socialist idea of government owner-ship of industries Instead they supported gov-ernment efforts to regulate industry

They also sought to reform government tomake it more efficient and better able to resistthe influence of powerful business interestsProgressives also believed that society had anobligation to protect and help all its membersMany progressive reforms aimed to help thosewho lacked wealth and influence

Muckrakers Expose ProblemsJournalists aided the reformers by exposing

injustices and corruption Investigative reporterswrote newspaper and magazine stories thatbrought problems to the attention of the publicmdashand gained readers These journalists were calledmuckrakers because they ldquorakedrdquo (brought tolight) the ldquomuckrdquo (dirt and corruption) underly-ing society

One of the most effective muckrakers Lincoln Steffens reported for McClurersquos Maga-zine Steffens exposed corrupt machine politicsin New York Chicago and other cities Hisarticles collected in a book called The Shame ofthe Cities (1904) strengthened the demand forurban reform

Ida Tarbell also writing for McClurersquosdescribed the unfair practices of the oil trustHer articles led to public pressure for more gov-ernment control over big business In her 1904book The History of the Standard Oil Companyshe warned of the giant corporationrsquos power

In his novel The Jungle (1906) Upton Sinclairdescribed the horrors of the meatpacking indus-try in Chicago Although Sinclairrsquos aim was toarouse sympathy for the workers his vividdescriptions shocked Americans The uproarcaused by Sinclairrsquos book helped persuade Con-gress to pass the Meat Inspection Act in 1906That same year Congress also passed the PureFood and Drug Act requiring accurate labelingof food and medicine and banning the sale ofharmful food

Identifying Who wrote about unfairpractices in the oil industry

Citizenship

Expanding DemocracyIn the early 1900s progressives backed a

number of reforms designed to increase the peo-plersquos direct control of the government RobertLa Follette led Wisconsinrsquos reform-mindedRepublicans ldquoFighting Bobrdquo as he was calledwon the support of farmers and workers withhis fiery attacks on big business and the rail-roads While governor La Follette brought

ldquoIt is the dutyof the public to knowrdquomdashIda Tarbell 1905

21023836

Checking for Understanding1 Key Terms Use each of these terms

in a complete sentence that will helpexplain its meaning politicalmachine patronage civil servicetrust muckraker primary initia-tive referendum recall

2 Reviewing Facts Explain how theCivil Service Commission helped toeliminate the spoils system

Reviewing Themes3 Government and Democracy Iden-

tify and describe three reforms thatgave the American people moredirect control of the government

Critical Thinking4 Comparing Compare socialist and

progressive views on industry5 Organizing Information Re-create

the diagram below and show howthe Seventeenth Amendmentreformed the political process

Analyzing Visuals6 Analyzing Political Cartoons Exam-

ine the political cartoon on page 611Why are the individuals pointing tosomeone else What statement iscartoonist Thomas Nast makingabout the extent of political corrup-tion in New York City

about reforms such as improving the civil serv-ice His greatest achievement however wasreforming the state electoral system Candidatesfor general elections in Wisconsin had been cho-sen at state conventions run by party bosses LaFollette introduced a direct primary electionallowing the statersquos voters to choose theirpartyrsquos candidates Reformers in other statescopied this ldquoWisconsin ideardquo

The Oregon SystemThe state of Oregon also made important

changes in the political process to give votersmore power and to limit the influence of political

parties The reforms in Oregon included a directprimary election and the initiative the referen-dum and the recall

The initiative allowed citizens to place a meas-ure or issue on the ballot in a state election Thereferendum gave voters the opportunity toaccept or reject measures that the state legislatureenacted The recall enabled voters to removeunsatisfactory elected officials from their jobsThese reforms were called the Oregon SystemOther western states soon adopted the reforms

The Seventeenth AmendmentProgressives also changed the way United

States senators are elected The Constitution hadgiven state legislatures the responsibility forchoosing senators but party bosses and businessinterests often controlled the selection processProgressives wanted to give the people an oppor-tunity to vote for their senators directly Supportfor this idea grew In 1912 Congress passed theSeventeenth Amendment to the Constitution toprovide for the direct election of senators Rati-fied in 1913 the amendment gave the people avoice in selecting their representatives (See page

248 for the text of the Seventeenth Amendment)

Identifying What reform allowedvoters to place a measure on the ballot

Civics Citizens must prepare tovote Create a pamphlet describingthe kinds of things voters shouldknow in order to make their ballotsmeaningful

Seventh Amendment

Policy before Policy after

Debs ran for president while in prison Eugene Debswas the candidate of the Socialist Party for president in1904 1908 and 1912 For his opposition to the entry ofthe United States into World War I Debs was convicted in1918 and sentenced to 10 years in prison While in prisonin 1920 he ran again for president on the Socialist ticketand received almost 1 million votesmdashabout 35 percentof the total His sentence was commuted in 1921

Presidential Elections

11963857

1890National AmericanWoman Suffrage Association emerges

1896National Associationof Colored Women isformed

1919The EighteenthAmendment is ratified

1920The Nineteenth Amendment is ratified

Main IdeaWomen worked for the right to votefor improved working conditions andfor temperance

Key Termssuffragist prohibition

Reading StrategyOrganizing Information As you readthe section re-create the diagrambelow and describe the role of eachindividual

Read to Learnbull how the role of American women

changed during the Progressive Erabull how women fought for the right

to vote

Section ThemeGroups and Institutions Manywomen worked for a constitutionalamendment to gain suffrage

Women and Progressives

Nurse Lillian Wald followed a young girl up a rickety staircase in a filthy tenementhouse on New York Cityrsquos Lower East Side The girl had begged Wald to help hermother who had just given birth to a baby A doctor had refused to treat the girlrsquosmother because she could not pay his fee The sight of the desperate mother and herbaby was a turning point in Waldrsquos life Wald dedicated herself to helping poor peopleand educating them about health care Eventually Wald became a national reformleader who was known to say ldquoThe whole world is my neighborhoodrdquo

Womenrsquos Roles ChangeMany leaders of the urban reform movement including Lillian Wald were

middle-class women The situation of middle-class women changed during thelate 1800s Their responsibilities at home lessened as families became smallermore children spent the day at school and men worked away from homeWomen also gained more free time as technology made housework easier

Lillian D Wald

Individual Role in Progressive movement

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Frances WillardPreview of Events

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Many more middle-class women were gain-ing higher education About 40 percent of all col-lege students in 1910 were women Women werealso starting professional careersmdashmostly inteaching but also in nursing medicine andother fields Between 1890 and 1910 the numberof women working outside the home increasedfrom 4 million to nearly 75 million

These changes created the ldquonew womanrdquomdashapopular term for educated up-to-date womenwho pursued interests outside their homesMany such women became role models

As you read in Chapter 20 Jane Addamsestablished Hull House a settlement house inChicago Working there gave Addams an outletfor her energy and intelligence as well as asense of satisfaction with helping poor people (See page 972 for an account of settlement houses)

Settlement workers such as Addams gainednotice as writers public speakers fund-raisersand reformers Many young women followedthe example of these talented public figuresOthers found inspiration in the life of MotherCabrini an Italian nun who came to the UnitedStates to work with the poor

Womenrsquos ClubsWomen found another outlet for their talent

and energy in womenrsquos clubs which rapidlyincreased in number At first the clubs focusedon such cultural activities as music and paint-ing Many clubs gradually became more con-cerned with social problems

When some clubs refused to admit AfricanAmericans African American women estab-lished their own network of clubs Clubs such as the Phyllis WheatleyClub of New Orleansorganized classesrecreational activi-ties and social serv-ices In 1896 womenfrom these clubsformed the NationalAssociation of Col-ored Women Its firstpresident Mary ChurchTerrell was an active

leader for womenrsquos rights The associationestablished homes for orphans founded hospi-tals and worked for woman suffrage fulfillingits motto ldquoLifting As We Climbrdquo

Identifying Who was Mary ChurchTerrell

The Fight for SuffrageAt the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848

women had called for the right to vote After theCivil War Congress passed the Fifteenth Amend-ment giving voting rights to freed menmdashbut notto women Some leading abolitionists becamesuffragists men and women who fought forwoman suffrage or womenrsquos right to vote

Like other reformers the suffragists formedorganizations to promote their cause ElizabethCady Stanton and Susan B Anthony foundedthe National Woman Suffrage Associationwhich called for a constitutional amendmentallowing women to vote in national elections Asecond organization the American Woman Suf-frage Association focused on winning womansuffrage in state elections

In 1890 the two groups merged to form theNational American Woman Suffrage AssociationLed by Anna Howard Shaw a minister and doc-tor and Carrie Chapman Catt an educator andnewspaper editor this organization grew to morethan two million members by 1917 In a speech tothe association in 1902 Catt declared

ldquoThe whole aim of the [womenrsquos] movementhas been to destroy the idea that obedience isnecessary to women to train women to such self-respect that they would not grant obedience andto train men to such comprehension of equity[fairness] they would not exact [demand] itrdquo

Opposition to Woman SuffrageGroups formed to protest the idea of giving

women the vote These organizationsmdashsup-ported by some women as well as by menmdashclaimed that woman suffrage would upsetsocietyrsquos ldquonaturalrdquo balance and lead to divorceand neglected children

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 kilometers0Azimuthal Equal-Area projection

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

80iexclW90iexclW100iexclW110iexclW120iexclW

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

The suffragists won their early victories in theWest First as a territory in 1869 and then as astate in 1890 Wyoming led the nation in givingwomen the vote Between 1910 and 1913 fiveother states adopted woman suffrage By 1919women could vote in at least some elections inmost of the 48 states

Continuing the FightIn the meantime suffragists continued their

struggle to win the vote everywhere Alice Paula Quaker who founded the National WomanrsquosParty in 1916 was a forceful leader of the suffra-gist movement She sought greater economic andlegal equality as well as suffrage for women

During a visit to Great Britain Paul saw suf-fragists use protest marches and hunger strikes

By 1919 a total of 15 states allowed women to vote in all elections1 Place Where were women first granted equal suffrage2 Comparing What was the status of woman suffrage in

your state by 1919

Voting Rights for Women 1919

Equal suffrage date effective

Partial suffrage

No statewide suffrage

The suffrage movement gained strengthhowever when respected public figures such asJane Addams spoke out in support of the votefor women Alice Duer Miller brought humor tothe struggle for the right to vote

ldquoSaid Mr Jones in 1910lsquoWomen subject yourselves to menrsquoNineteen-Eleven heard him quotelsquoThey rule the world without the votersquo By Nineteen-Thirteen looking glumHe said that it was bound to come By Nineteen-Fifteen hersquoll insistHersquos always been a suffragistrdquo

8510648

to call attention to their cause When shereturned to the United States she too usedthese methods in the fight for suffrage

In 1917 Alice Paul met with PresidentWoodrow Wilson but failed to win his supportfor woman suffrage Paul responded by leadingwomen protestors in front of the White HouseDay after day they marched carrying bannersdemanding votes for women When Paul andother protestors were arrested for blocking thesidewalk they started a much-publicizedhunger strike Alva Belmont one of the protes-tors proudly declared that all the women haddone was to stand there ldquoquietly peacefullylawfully and gloriouslyrdquo

Women Vote NationallyBy 1917 the national tide was turning in favor

of woman suffrage New York and a year laterSouth Dakota and Oklahoma granted equal suf-frage Meanwhile Congress began debating theissue and President Wilson agreed to supportan amendment to the Constitution

In 1919 the Senate voted in favor of the Nine-teenth Amendment which allowed woman suf-frage The amendment was ratified in 1920 intime for women to vote in that yearrsquos presidentialelection For the first time American womenwere able to participate in the election of theirnational leaders

Identifying What state was the firstto give women the right to vote

Women and Social ReformDuring the Progressive Era women involved

themselves in many reform movements besideswoman suffrage In 1912 for example pressurefrom womenrsquos clubs helped persuade Congressto create the Childrenrsquos Bureau in the LaborDepartment The bureaursquos task was to developfederal policies that would protect children

Working for a Better LifeWhile they struggled to gain rights for them-

selves many middle-class women also worked toimprove the lives of working-class people immi-grants and society as a whole They supportedand staffed libraries schools and settlementhouses and raised money for charities

Some women promoted other causes Theychallenged business interests by sponsoringlaws to regulate the labor of women and chil-dren and to require government inspection ofworkplaces Women also played an importantrole in the movement to reform and regulate thefood and medicine industries

In many states across the country womenpressured state legislatures to provide pensionsfor widows and abandoned mothers with chil-dren These pensions later became part of theSocial Security system

Labor MovementReform efforts brought upper-class women

reformers into alliance with working women In1903 womenrsquos groups joined with working-classunion women to form the Womenrsquos TradeUnion League (WTUL)

The WTUL encouraged working women toform womenrsquos labor unions It also supportedlaws to protect the rights of women factoryworkers WTUL members raised money to helpstriking workers and to pay bail for women whowere arrested for participating in strikes

Alice Paul sews a star on the flag of the NationalWomanrsquos Party in celebration of the ratification of theNineteenth Amendment in 1920 What did thisamendment achieve

History

19581735

CHAPTER 21 Progressive Reforms 619

1848 1869 1896 1920

Carry Nation wentfrom praying outsidetaverns to destroyingthem with a hatchet

Temperance poster

The Temperance CrusadeA crusade against the use of alcohol had

begun in New England and the Midwest in theearly 1800s The movement continued through-out the late 1800s Protestant churches stronglysupported the anti-alcohol movement

Two driving forces in the crusade were theWomanrsquos Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)established in 1874 and the Anti-Saloon Leaguefounded 20 years later They called for temper-ance urging individuals to stop drinking andprohibition the passing of laws to prohibit themaking or selling of alcohol

In 1879 Frances Willard became head of theWCTU Willard led a campaign to educate thepublic about the links between alcohol abuseand violence poverty and unemployment Sheturned the WCTU into a powerful organizationwith chapters in every state

The WCTUrsquos main goal was prohibitionHowever the WCTU also supported othercauses including prison reform woman suf-frage improved working conditions andworld peace Through WCTU chapters thou-sands of women combined their traditional roleas guardians of the family and home withsocial activism

Carry Nation was an especially colorful cru-sader for temperance Her most dramaticprotests occurred when she pushed her way intosaloons and broke bottles and kegs with an ax

The Prohibition AmendmentThe anti-alcohol movement grew during the

early 1900s Progressive reformers who wanted toban alcohol for social reasons were joined byAmericans who opposed alcohol for religious ormoral reasons In 1917 they persuaded Congressto pass a constitutional amendment making itillegal to make transport or sell alcohol in theUnited States The Eighteenth Amendmentknown as the Prohibition Law was ratified in1919 (See page 249 for the text of the Eighteenth Amendment)

Describing What was the goal ofthe temperance movement

Expository Writing Find a news-paper article about the role ofwomen today Rewrite the articleto reflect how this informationmight have been presented in theearly 1900s

Checking for Understanding

1 Key Terms Use each of these termsin a complete sentence that will helpexplain its meaning suffragist pro-hibition

2 Reviewing Facts What did the Nine-teenth Amendment provide

Reviewing Themes

3 Groups and Institutions How didwomenrsquos clubs help to change therole of women

Critical Thinking

4 Drawing Conclusions Why do youthink the right to vote was importantto women

5 Sequencing Information Re-createthe time line below and identify theevents regarding woman suffragethat happened in these years

Analyzing Visuals

6 Geography Skills Examine the map on page 617 Which regions of the country provided no statewidesuffrage

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

1901President McKinleyis assassinated

1905Roosevelt proposes theUS Forest Service

1913Federal Reserve Act creates12 regional banks

1914Congress establishes theFederal Trade Commission

Main IdeaPresidents during the Progressive Eraworked to control big business and todeal with labor problems

Key Termstrustbuster arbitration squaredeal laissez-faire conservation

Reading StrategyTaking Notes As you read Section 3re-create the diagram below andexplain why each of these acts of legislation is important

Read to Learnbull how President Theodore Roosevelt

took on big businessbull why the progressives formed their

own political party

Section ThemeEconomic Factors Government triedvarious means to regulate big business

Progressive Presidents

ldquoWe were still under a heavy fire and I got together a mixed lot of men and pushedon from the trenches and ranch houses which we had just taken driving the Spaniardsthrough a line of palm-trees and over the crest of a chain of hills rdquo With thesewords a young lieutenant colonel named Theodore Roosevelt described his militaryadventures in Cuba during the Spanish-American War Known for his vigor enthusi-asm and a colorful personality Roosevelt became president in 1901 upon the assassi-nation of President William McKinley

Theodore Roosevelt When Theodore Roosevelt received the Republican vice-presidential nomi-

nation in 1900 the powerful Republican leader Mark Hanna warned that therewould be only one life between ldquothat cowboyrdquo and the White House When theelection resulted in a Republican victory Hanna turned to McKinley and said ldquoNow it is up to you to liverdquo Less than a year later President McKinley was

Theodore Rooseveltboard game

Legislation Importance

Sixteenth Amendment

Pure Food and Drug Act

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

assassinated Suddenly 42-year-old TheodoreRoosevelt became presidentmdashthe youngestpresident in the nationrsquos history When Roose-velt moved into the White House in 1901 hebrought progressivism with him

The ldquoTrustbusterrdquoPresident McKinley had favored big business

but President Roosevelt was known to supportbusiness regulation and other progressivereforms In 1902 Roosevelt ordered the JusticeDepartment to take legal action against certaintrusts that had violated the Sherman AntitrustAct His first target was the Northern SecuritiesCompany a railroad monopoly formed by fin-anciers JP Morgan and James J Hill to controltransportation in the Northwest Northern Secu-rities fought the governmentrsquos accusations ofillegal activity all the way to the Supreme CourtFinally in 1904 the Justice Department won itscase The Supreme Court decided that NorthernSecurities had illegally limited trade andordered the trust to be taken apart

During the rest of Rooseveltrsquos term as presi-dent he obtained a total of 25 indictments (legalcharges) against trusts in the beef oil andtobacco industries Although hailed as a trust-buster Roosevelt did not want to break up alltrusts As he saw it trusts should be regulatednot destroyed He distinguished between ldquogoodtrustsrdquo which were concerned with public wel-fare and ldquobad trustsrdquo which were not

Labor CrisisIn 1902 Roosevelt faced a major labor crisis

More than 100000 Pennsylvania coal minersmembers of the United Mine Workers wenton strike They demanded better pay an eight-hour workday and recognition of the unionrsquosright to represent its members in discussionswith mine owners

The mine owners refused to negotiate with theworkers The coal strike dragged on for monthsAs winter approached coal supplies dwindledPublic opinion began to turn against the ownersAs public pressure mounted Roosevelt invitedrepresentatives of the owners and miners to a meeting at the White House Roosevelt was

outraged when the owners refused to negotiateHe threatened to send federal troops to work inthe mines and produce the coal The ownersfinally agreed to arbitrationmdashsettling the disputeby agreeing to accept the decision of an impartialoutsider Mine workers won a pay increase and areduction in hours but they did not gain recogni-tion for the union

Rooseveltrsquos action marked a departure fromnormal patterns of labor relations at the timeEarlier presidents had used troops against strik-ers but Roosevelt had used the power of thefederal government to force the company own-ers to negotiate In other labor actions howeverRoosevelt supported employers in disputeswith workers

Square DealRoosevelt ran for the presidency in 1904

promising the people a square dealmdashfair andequal treatment for all He was elected withmore than 57 percent of the popular vote

Rooseveltrsquos ldquosquare dealrdquo called for a consid-erable amount of government regulation ofbusiness This contrasted with an attitudetoward business that dated back to the presi-dency of Thomas Jefferson which was summedup in the phrase laissez-faire (LEHbullsay FEHR)This French term generally means ldquolet peopledo as they chooserdquo

McKinleyRooseveltglass canteen 1900

20036311

Roosevelt introduced a new era of govern-ment regulation He supported the MeatInspection and Pure Food and Drug Acts theseacts gave the Department of Agriculture and theFood and Drug Administration the power tovisit businesses and inspect their products

Conserving the WildernessRoosevelt held a lifelong enthusiasm for the

great outdoors and the wilderness He believedin the need for conservation the protection andpreservation of natural resources

As president Roosevelt took steps to con-serve the countryrsquos forests mineral depositsand water resources In 1905 he proposed theUS Forest Service He pressured Congress toset aside millions of acres of national forests andcreated the nationrsquos first wildlife sanctuariesRoosevelt also formed the National Conserva-tion Commission which produced the first sur-vey of the countryrsquos natural resources

Roosevelt has been called Americarsquos firstenvironmental president While he made con-servation an important public issue Rooseveltalso recognized the need for economic growthand development He tried to strike a balancebetween business interests and conservation

Describing What is conservation

William Howard Taft No president before had ever served more

than two terms In keeping with that traditionRoosevelt decided not to run for reelection in1908 Instead Roosevelt chose William HowardTaft an experienced diplomat to run for presi-dent In the election of 1908 Taft easily defeatedDemocrat William Jennings Bryan

Although he had none of Rooseveltrsquos flair Taftcarried outmdashand went beyondmdashmany of Roose-veltrsquos policies The Taft administration won moreantitrust cases in four years than Roosevelt hadwon in seven Taft also favored the introductionof safety standards for mines and railroads

Taft supported the Sixteenth Amendmentwhich gave Congress the power to tax peoplersquosincomes to generate revenue for the federal

government Progressiveshoped the income tax would enable thegovernment to lower tariffs In their view hightariffs led to higher prices for goods whichcaused hardship for the poor Progressivesbelieved that taxes based on income werefairer The Sixteenth Amendment added to theConstitution in 1913 did not specify howincome would be taxed Congress passed addi-tional laws so that higher incomes were taxedat a higher rate than lower incomes

Despite his progressive reforms President Taftdisappointed progressives in two importantareasmdashtariffs and conservation He failed to fightfor a lower tariff and he modified some conser-vation policies so that they favored businesses

The Influence of

Minor Political Parties

Minor Political Parties The Republican and Demo-cratic parties dominate the nationrsquos two-party system Yetthe United States has a long history of other political par-ties that have risen to challenge the major parties Minorparties pushed for an end to slavery and supported votingrights for women and child and labor regulation longbefore the major parties did

Populist proposals that are ineffect today include the fed-eral income tax the secretballot and the initiative andreferendum

16399712

Roosevelt Challenges TaftBy 1912 Roosevelt had become completely

disappointed in Taft With a new presidentialelection on the horizon Roosevelt decided tochallenge Taft for the Republican presidentialnomination Roosevelt claimed that Taft hadldquocompletely twisted aroundrdquo his own policies

The showdown between Roosevelt and Taftcame at the Republican national convention inChicago in June Although Roosevelt won everyprimary and had many supporters Taft had thebacking of Republican Party leaders and influen-tial business interests who controlled the partymachinery When Taft received the nominationon the first ballot Roosevelt charged the Repub-lican party leaders with stealing the presidentialnomination from him

A fiery Roosevelt led his supporters out of theconvention hall He and his followers formed anew party the Progressive Party In August theProgressives held their own convention inChicago and nominated Roosevelt for president

When a reporter asked Roosevelt about hishealth the candidate thumped himself on thechest and declared ldquoI feel as strong as a bullmooserdquo From then on the Progressive Partywas known as the Bull Moose Party

The Election of 1912The split in the Republican Party hurt both

Taft and Roosevelt While Republicans and Pro-gressives battled each other at the polls Demo-crat Woodrow Wilson gathered enough supportto defeat them in the election Wilson had

Former President Theodore Rooseveltleft the Republican Party to form theProgressive or ldquoBull Mooserdquo Party

Some third parties have presented a strong challenge to the majorparties The Republican Party was itself a third party in 1856 Fouryears later it captured the White House

1848 Martin Van Buren Free Soil 101 0

1856 John C Fremont Republican 331 114

1892 James Weaver Populist 85 22

1912 Theodore Roosevelt Progressive 274 88

1924 Robert La Follette Progressive 166 13

1948 Strom Thurmond States Rights 24 39

1968 George Wallace Am Independent 135 46

1992 Ross Perot Reform 190 0

2000 Ralph Nader Green 27 0

PresidentialElection

YearResults

Candidateparty of popular vote Electoral votes

Third-Party Results

96338554

Checking for Understanding1 Key Terms Write a paragraph in

which you use all of the followingkey terms trustbuster arbitrationlaissez-faire

2 Reviewing Facts What candidatewon the presidential election of1912

Reviewing Themes3 Economic Factors Why did progres-

sives support an income tax

Critical Thinking4 Analyzing Information Explain why

Roosevelt preferred regulation totrustbusting

5 Determining Cause and EffectRe-create the diagram below andexplain the reasons for and the out-come of the 1902 coal strike

Analyzing Visuals6 Chart Skills Study the chart on

that shows third-partyresults What party did JamesWeaver represent What third partyreceived the largest percentage of the popular vote The largestnumber of electoral votes

acquired a reputation as a progressive reformerwhile serving as president of Princeton Univer-sity and governor of New Jersey

Wilson gained only 42 percent of the popularvote with Roosevelt receiving 27 percent andTaft 23 percent However Wilson won the presi-dency by the largest electoral majority up to thattime sweeping 435 of the 531 electoral votes

Wilson in the White HouseDuring his campaign Woodrow Wilson had

criticized big government as well as big businessWilson called his program the ldquoNew Freedomrdquo

In 1913 Wilson achieved a long-awaited pro-gressive goalmdashtariff reform He persuaded theDemocrat-controlled Congress to adopt a lowertariff on imported goods such as sugar woolsteel and farm equipment Wilson believedthat the pressure of foreign competition wouldlead American manufacturers to improve their

products and lower their prices The govern-ment income lost by lowering tariffs would bereplaced by the new income tax

That same year Congress also passed the Fed-eral Reserve Act to regulate banking By creat-ing 12 regional banks supervised by a centralboard in Washington DC the act gave the gov-ernment more control over banking activitiesBanks that operated nationally were required tojoin the Federal Reserve System and abide by itsregulations

Wilson also worked to strengthen govern-ment control over business In 1914 Congressestablished the Federal Trade Commission(FTC) to investigate corporations for unfairtrade practices Wilson also supported the Clay-ton Antitrust Act of 1914 which joined the Sher-man Antitrust Act as one of the governmentrsquoschief weapons against trusts The governmentalso tried to regulate child labor The Keating-Owen Act of 1916 banned goods produced bychild labor from being sold in interstate com-merce The act was struck down as unconstitu-tional just two years later

By the end of Wilsonrsquos first term progressiveshad won many victories The Progressive move-ment lost some of its momentum as Americansturned their attention to world affairsmdashespeciallythe war that had broken out in Europe in 1914

Analyzing How did Rooseveltrsquos runfor the presidency affect the election of 1912

Art Draw a political cartoon thatsupports Theodore Rooseveltrsquosactions as a ldquotrustbusterrdquo

1902 Coal

Strike

Twenty-fifth Flag 1912 Statehood forArizona and New Mexico increased thenumber of stars to 48 in 1912 Thisflag served from 1912 to 1959 moreyears than any other flag

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

CHAPTER XX Chapter Title

Interpreting a Political CartoonWhy Learn This Skill

Yoursquove probably heard thesaying ldquoA picture is worth athousand wordsrdquo For morethan 200 years political car-toonists have drawn pictures topresent their opinions about aperson or event Learning tointerpret political cartoons canhelp you understand issues ofboth the past and present

Learning the SkillPolitical cartoons state opin-

ions about particular subjectsTo illustrate those opinionscartoonists provide clues using several differenttechniques They often exaggerate a personrsquos physicalfeatures or appearance in a special effect calledldquocaricaturerdquo A caricature can be positive or nega-tive depending on the artistrsquos point of view

Cartoonists also use symbols to represent some-thing else The bald eagle is often shown in politicalcartoons as a symbol of the United States Sometimescartoonists help readers interpret their message byadding labels or captions

To interpret a political cartoon follow these steps

bull Read the caption and any other words printed inthe cartoon

bull Analyze each element in the cartoon

bull Identify the clues What is happening in the car-toon Who or what is represented by each part ofthe drawing What or whom do the figures repre-sent To what do the symbols refer

bull Study all these elements to decide the point thecartoonist is making

Practicing the SkillThe cartoon on this page shows Theodore Roose-velt looking in a window at President Taft Ana-lyze the cartoon and then answer the followingquestions

1 What is going on in this picture

2 What caricatures are included in this cartoon

3 What symbols are shown in the cartoon Whatdo these symbols represent

4 What point is the cartoonist making

Applying the SkillInterpreting a Political Cartoon Bring to classa copy of a political cartoon from a recent news-paper or magazine Explain the cartoonistrsquos pointof view and the tools used to express it

Glencoersquos Skillbuilder InteractiveWorkbook CD-ROM Level 1 providesinstruction and practice in key social studies skills

Social StudiesSocial Studies

14126836

Mt Foraker17400 ft (5303 m)

Avalanche Spire10105 ft (3080 m)

K a h i l t n a G l a c i e r

ampGEOGRAPHY HISTORY

Yukon River

Denali National Parkand Preserve

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

L E A R N I N G f r o m G E O G R A P H Y

WILD WONDERSGRIZZLY BEARS WOLVES MOOSE CARIBOUDALLrsquoS SHEEP and many other animals roam Alaskarsquos Denali National Park and Preserve Larger than Massachusetts the six-million-acre park includes the highest mountain in North America

The Alaskan wilderness area set aside as Mount McKinley National Park in 1917 was renamed Denali in 1980 when Congress tripled the size of the parkDenali was the peakrsquos Native American name meaning ldquothe High Onerdquo

The idea of setting aside areas of natural beauty and historic importance for the benefit of the people dates back to the mid-1800s Before then Americans had viewedwild places either as obstacles or as a source of naturalresources for people to use

The conservation movement gained popularity in the early 1900s when President Theodore Roosevelt and other conservationists urged Americans to protect natural resources

Today conservation continues to be an important issue Although many of us enjoyvisiting national parks such as Denali theparks also serve as refuges for wildlifeScientists study the plants and animals so that they can protect them With 430species of flowering plants 37 species ofmammals and 156 species of birds Denalistands as one of Americarsquos great areas ofunspoiled wilderness

1 Which peaks are higher than 15000 feet

2 Do you think it is necessary for the governmentto aid environmental programs Explain

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

Mt McKinley (Denali)20320 ft (6194 m)

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

The Mooses Tooth10335 ft (3150 m)

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

National Park Service Act 1916

National Forest Service 1905

Mt McKinley National Park 1917

Historic Sites Act 1934

Wild and Scenic Rivers Act 1968

National Trails Systems Act 1968

Denali National Park 1980

National ParksOther sites managed by National Park Service

Growth of the National Park System

1887American Protective Associationtargets Catholics

1907Gentlemenrsquos Agreementrestricts Japanese immigration

1909WEB Du Bois helpsform the NAACP

1915Ku Klux Klanreappears

Main IdeaProgressive reform did little to expandthe rights and opportunities forminorities

Key Termsdiscrimination barrio

Reading StrategyTaking Notes As you read Section 4re-create the diagram below anddescribe each personrsquos accomplishments

Read to Learnbull why progressive reforms did not

include all Americansbull how minorities worked to move

toward greater equality

Section ThemeCivic Rights and ResponsibilitiesMinorities discovered that progressivereforms often did not advance theirown rights and responsibilities

Excluded from Reform

Like many seeking their fortunes 16-year-old Lee Chew left his farm in China andbooked passage on a steamer When he and other Chinese immigrants arrived in SanFrancisco they confronted a great wave of anti-Asian feeling In the cityrsquos Chinese quarter immigrants ran markets laundries and other small shops Chew worked foran American family ldquoChinese laundrymen [like me] were taught by American womenrdquohe said ldquoThere are no laundries in Chinardquo

Prejudice and DiscriminationDuring the 1800s the overwhelming majority of Americans were white and

Protestant and had been born in the United States Many Americans believedthat the United States should remain a white Protestant nation Nonwhite non-Protestant and non-native residents often faced discriminationmdashunequal treat-ment because of their race religion ethnic background or place of birth Thegovernment rarely interfered with this discrimination

Chinese shopkeeper in California

Individual Accomplishments

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

Percent Foreign Born byRegion of Birth 1900

Percentage of US Population That Is Foreign Born

EuropeAll otherLatin AmericaAsia

Latin AmericaAsiaEuropeAll other

Source US Bureau of the Census

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

In 1908 violence erupted in Springfield Illinois when a white woman claimed to havebeen attacked by an African American manAuthorities jailed the man but by that timewhite townspeople had formed an angry mob

Armed with axes and guns the mobstormed through African American neighbor-hoods destroying businesses and driving peo-ple from their homes Rioters lynched twoAfrican American men and injured dozensmore Yet no one was ever punished for theseviolent crimes Later the woman who claimedshe was attacked admitted that her accusationwas untrue

The Springfield riot shocked the nation andhighlighted the deep racial divisions in Ameri-can life The riot took place in the hometown ofAbraham Lincoln the president who signed theEmancipation Proclamation African Americanswere no longer enslavedmdashbut they were stillpursued by prejudice and racial hatred

Anti-CatholicismSome Americans faced discrimination because

of their religion Americarsquos largely Protestantpopulation feared that Catholic immigrantsthreatened the ldquoAmericanrdquo way of life Anti-Catholic Iowans formed the American ProtectiveAssociation (APA) in 1887 By the mid-1890s theAPA claimed a membership of two million acrossthe nation Among other activities the APAspread rumors that Catholics were preparing totake over the country

Anti-SemitismMany Jewish immigrants came to the United

States to escape prejudice in their homelandsSome of them found the same anti-Semitic atti-tudes in America Landlords employers andschools discriminated against Jews Eastern Euro-pean Jews faced prejudice both as Jews and as east-ern Europeans whom many Americans regardedas more ldquoforeignrdquo than western Europeans

Immigration rose during the period of rapid industrialization at theturn of the century Then immigration decreased when Congressimposed immigration restrictions Towards the end of the century a dramatic increase took place after the restrictions were relaxed

11368296

History

Anti-Asian PoliciesDiscrimination was also based on race In

California and other western states Asiansstruggled against prejudice and resentmentWhite Americans claimed that Chinese immi-grants who worked for lower wages took awayjobs Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Actin 1882 to prevent Chinese immigrants fromentering the United States

Americarsquos westward expansion createdopportunities for thousands of Japanese immi-grants who came to the United States to work asrailroad or farm laborers Like the Chinese beforethem Japanese immigrants encountered preju-dice California would not allow them to becomecitizens In 1906 in San Francisco the schoolboard tried to make Japanese children attend aseparate school for Asians until President Roose-velt stepped in to prevent such segregation

Roosevelt yielded to a rising tide of anti-Japanese feeling however and authorized theGentlemenrsquos Agreement with Japan in 1907This accord restricted Japanese immigration tothe United States but it did not bring an end toanti-Japanese feeling In 1913 California made itillegal for Japanese immigrants to buy landOther Western states passed similar laws

Discrimination Against African AmericansAfrican Americans faced discrimination in

both the North and the South Although officiallyfree African Americans were systematicallydenied basic rights and restricted to second-classcitizenship

Four-fifths of the nationrsquos African Americanslived in the South Most worked as rural share-croppers or in low-paying jobs in the cities Theywere separated from white society in their ownneighborhoods schools parks restaurants the-aters and even cemeteries In 1896 the SupremeCourt legalized segregation in the case of Plessyv Ferguson which recognized ldquoseparate butequalrdquo facilities

The Ku Klux Klan which had terrorizedAfrican Americans during Reconstruction wasreborn in Georgia in 1915 The new Klan wantedto restore white Protestant America The Klanlashed out against minoritiesmdashCatholics Jewsand immigrants as well as African AmericansCalling for ldquo100 percent Americanismrdquo the Klankept growing and claimed more than two mil-lion members by 1924 many of them in North-ern cities and towns

A Ku Klux Klan pamphlet (right) promotes the Klanrsquos hate campaign Meanwhile opponents of lynching called for an end to racial murders What two groups experienced the terror of lynching

14853111

Racial ViolencePeople who lost their jobs during the economic

depressions of 1893 and 1907 sometimesunleashed their anger against African Americansand other minorities More than 2600 AfricanAmericans were lynched between 1886 and 1916mostly in the South Lynchings were also used toterrorize Chinese immigrants in the West

Progressivism and PrejudiceIn the late 1800s and the early 1900s many

Americans held biased views They believedthat white male native-born Americans had theright to make decisions for all of society

Most of the progressive reformers came fromthe middle and upper classes They saw them-selves as moral leaders working to improve thelives of people less fortunate than themselvesNevertheless the reforms they supported oftendiscriminated against one group as they tried tohelp another group

Trade unions often prohibited African Ameri-cans women and immigrants from joiningSkilled laborers these unions argued could obtain better working conditions for themselvesif they did not demand improved conditions forall workers

Booker T Washington (seated second from left) foundedthe National Negro Business League Why did Washing-ton stress economic power among African Americans

History

Sometimes reforms instituted by the pro-gressives were efforts to control a particulargroup The temperance movement for exam-ple was partly an attempt to control the behav-ior of Irish Catholic immigrants Civil servicereforms required job applicants to be edu-catedmdashthis reduced the political influence thatimmigrants had begun to have in some citiesIn spite of their contradictions progressivereforms did succeed in improving conditionsfor many Americans

Identifying What Supreme Courtdecision legalized segregation

Struggle for Equal OpportunityOften excluded from progressive organiza-

tions because of prejudice minorities battled forjustice and opportunity on their own AfricanAmericans Hispanics and Native Americanstook steps to improve their lives

African Americans rose to the challenge ofachieving equality Booker T Washington whohad been born enslaved and taught himself toread founded the Tuskegee Institute in 1881The institute taught African Americans farmingand industrial skills

14001436

Washington believed that if African Americanshad more economic power they would be in abetter position to demand social equality andcivil rights Washington founded the NationalNegro Business League to promote businessdevelopment among African Americans InWashingtonrsquos autobiography Up from Slavery hecounseled African Americans to work patientlytoward equality Washington argued that equal-ity would be achieved when African Americansgained the education and skills to become valu-able members of their community

Some African Americans thought that theywould be better off in separate societies eitherin the United States or in Africa They foundedorganizations to establish African Americantowns and promoted a back-to-Africa move-ment These movements were not popular how-ever and their goals gained few supporters

African American Women Take ActionAfrican American women worked together

through groups such as the National Associa-tion of Colored Women to fight the practice oflynching and other forms of racial violence IdaB Wells the editor of an African Americannewspaper in Memphis Tennessee was forced

to leave town after publishing the names of peo-ple involved in a lynching The incident startedWells on a national crusade against the terriblepractice of lynching

In her 1895 book A Red Record Wells showedthat lynching was used primarily against AfricanAmericans who had become prosperous or whocompeted with white businesses ldquoCan you remainsilent and inactive when such things are done inyour own community and countryrdquo she asked

Other SuccessesDuring the early 1900s African Americans

achieved success in a variety of professionsChemist George Washington Carver directorof agricultural research at Tuskegee Institutehelped improve the economy of the Souththrough his discoveries of plant products Mag-gie Lena founded the St Luke Penny SavingsBank in Richmond Virginia She was the firstAmerican woman to serve as a bank president

Native Americans Seek JusticeThe federal governmentrsquos efforts to assimilate

Native Americans into white society threatenedto break down traditional native cultures In 1911 Native American leaders from around

WEB Du Bois wasthe first African Americanto receive a doctoratedegree from Harvard Asan educator he refused toaccept racial inequalityDu Bois helped start theNiagara Movement in1905 to fight againstracial discrimination anddemand full politicalrights and responsibilities

for African AmericansLater Du Bois joined oth-ers to form the NationalAssociation for theAdvancement of ColoredPeople (NAACP) Thisgroup today remains aforce in the efforts to gainlegal and economic equal-ity for African Americans

Du Bois rejectedBooker T Washingtonrsquos

emphasis on job skillsand argued that the rightto vote was the way toend racial inequality stoplynching and gain betterschools ldquoThe power ofthe ballot we need insheer self-defenserdquo hesaid ldquoelse what shallsave us from a secondslaveryrdquo

1490536

the country formed the Society of AmericanIndians to seek justice for Native Americansto improve their living conditions and to edu-cate white Americans about different NativeAmerican cultures

One of the societyrsquos founding memberswas Dr Carlos Montezuma an Apache whohad been raised by whites Convinced thatfederal policies were hurting Native Ameri-cans Montezuma became an activist exposinggovernment abuse of Native American rightsMontezuma believed that Native Americansshould leave the reservations and make theirown way in white society

Mexican Americans Work TogetherImmigrants from Mexico had long come to

the United States as laborers especially in theWest and Southwest Between 1900 and 1914the Mexican American population grew dramat-ically as people crossed the border to escape rev-olution and economic troubles in Mexico

Like the Japanese and other immigrantgroups Mexican Americans encountered dis-crimination and violence Relying on them-selves to solve their problems they formedmutualistasmdashself-defense associationsmdashto raisemoney for insurance and legal help One of thefirst mutualistas was the Alianza Hispano Americo(Hispanic American Alliance) formed in Tuc-son Arizona in 1894 Another mutualista the

Art Create a title and cover designfor a book about discriminationthat might have been written dur-ing this time

ldquoIs there no redress no peace no justice in this land for usTell the world the factsrdquomdashIda B Wells

Groups Actions taken

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Orden Hijos de America (Order of Sons ofAmerica) formed in San Antonio Texas in 1921to work for equality and raise awareness ofMexican Americans rights as US citizens Inlabor camps and Mexican neighborhoods calledbarrios mutualistas organized self-help groupsto deal with overcrowding poor sanitation andinadequate public services

Widespread prejudice excluded MexicanAmericans from many reform groups Yet Mexi-can Americans produced dynamic leaders andcreated organizations to improve their circum-stances and fight for justice

Describing Against what type ofviolence did Ida B Wells speak out

1 Key Terms Define discriminationand barrio

2 Reviewing Facts What were theresults of the Gentlemenrsquos Agreementwith Japan authorized by TheodoreRoosevelt

Reviewing Themes

3 Civic Rights and ResponsibilitiesGive an example of a progressivereform that resulted in discrimination

Critical Thinking

4 Comparing How did the views ofBooker T Washington differ fromthose of WEB Du Bois

5 Analyzing Information Re-createthe diagram below and list theactions these groups took to battleprejudice and discrimination

Analyzing Visuals

6 Graph Skills Study the graphs onpage 629 What was the percentageof foreign-born people in 1900 In2000 Did Latin American peoplemake up a larger percentage of theforeign-born population in 2000 or in1900 Explain

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Reviewing Key TermsYou are a journalist writing about the impact of progres-sive reforms Write an article in which you use at leastthree of the following key terms1 political machine 4 referendum2 civil service 5 initiative3 primary 6 recall

Reviewing Key Facts7 How did corrupt political bosses get voters for their

parties8 Why were journalists important to the reform

movement9 What amendment provided for the direct election of

senators10 What amendment provided for woman suffrage11 What is arbitration12 Why did progressives form their own political party13 What was the purpose of the Federal Reserve Act14 What is discrimination15 What did Dr Carlos Montezuma think about Native

American reservations16 Why did Mexican Americans organize mutualistas

Critical Thinking17 Analyzing Themes Government and Democracy

How did the Seventeenth Amendment give people agreater voice in government

18 Determining Cause and Effect Why was the railroadindustry subject to so many government regulations

19 Analyzing Themes Civic Rights and Responsibili-ties Re-create the diagram below and identify howthese laws promote justice and insure citizensrsquo rights

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Service Commission

Civic Reform

ShermanAntitrust Act

RegulationTrustbusting

ClaytonAntitrust Act

Interstate Commerce Act

Federal TradeCommission

Business Reform

Direct Primary Initiative Referendum

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

The NineteenthAmendment

Womenrsquos Rights

The Seventeenth Amendment

Rights of Citizens

19th Amendment Recall

Initiative Referendum

Citizenship Cooperative Activity27 Consumer Rights Working with a partner contact a

local consumer league to learn about consumer rightsThen prepare a pamphlet on consumer rights List thevarious rights consumers have and provide the namesaddresses and phone numbers of consumer groups tocontact with problems Distribute this pamphlet to peoplein your neighborhood

Alternative Assessment 28 Portfolio Activity Scan the chapter and make a list of

the constitutional amendments that were passed duringthe Progressive Era Make a cause-and-effect chart toshow what needs actions or abuses led to the passageof each Save your work for your portfolio

Self-Check QuizVisit tajglencoecom and click on Chapter 21mdashSelf-Check Quizzes to prepare for the chapter test

HISTORY

Directions Choose the bestanswer to the following question

The main goal of the Womanrsquos Christian Temper-ance Union was to pass laws to ban the making orselling of alcohol Which of the following was a sec-ondary goal

A prison reform B limit immigrationC promote the Square Deal D pass the Gentlemenrsquos Agreement

Test-Taking Tip

This question requires you to remember a fact about theWCTU By reading the question carefully you can find

clues about the organization It worked for reformWhich answer fits best with this information

Standardized Test Practice

Practicing SkillsInterpreting a Political Cartoon Study the cartoon on thispage then answer the following questions

20 Who are the people grouped on the left of the cartoon21 What is the meaning of the comment made by the per-

son on the right22 How does the cartoonist define ldquoillegal immigrantsrdquo

Geography and History ActivityExamine the map on voting rights for women on page 617and answer the questions that follow23 Which state was the first to provide equal suffrage24 By 1919 how many states allowed equal suffrage25 Making Generalizations Why do you think the percent-

age of states allowing woman suffrage was much higherin the West than in the East

Technology Activity26 Using E-Mail Research the names of five modern organi-

zations that have some of the same goals as the progres-sive reformers of the late 1800s and early 1900s Chooseone organization that interests you and make contactthrough E-mail to get more information about the group

The American JourneymdashIllinois Edition

Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science

How Does The American Journey Help Me Learn the Standards

How Does The American Journey Help Me Test My Knowledge of Social Science

The Illinois Constitution A Summary

Table of Contents

Previewing Your Textbook

Scavenger Hunt

How Do I Study History

The Structure of Illinois Government

Constitution Test Practice

Reading Skills Handbook

Identifying Words and Building Vocabulary

Reading for a Reason

Understanding What You Read

Thinking About Your Reading

Understanding Text Structure

Reading for Research

National Geographic Reference Atlas

United States Political

United States Physical

United States Territorial Growth

North America Physical

North America Political

Middle East PhysicalPolitical

World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography

How Do I Study Geography

How Do I Use Maps

How Does Geography Influence History

Geographic Dictionary

Be an Active Reader

Unit 1 Different Worlds Meet Beginnings to 1625

Chapter 1 The First Americans Prehistory to 1492

Section 1 Early Peoples

Section 2 Cities and Empires

Section 3 North American Peoples

Chapter 1 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 2 Exploring the Americas 1400ndash1625

Section 1 A Changing World

Section 2 Early Exploration

Section 3 Spain in America

Section 4 Exploring North America


Unit 2 Colonial Settlement 1587ndash1770

Chapter 3 Colonial America 1587ndash1770

Section 1 Early English Settlements

Section 2 New England Colonies

Section 3 Middle Colonies

Section 4 Southern Colonies


Chapter 4 The Colonies Grow 1607ndash1770

Section 1 Life in the Colonies

Section 2 Government Religion and Culture

Section 3 France and Britain Clash

Section 4 The French and Indian War


Unit 3 Creating a Nation 1763ndash1791

Chapter 5 Road to Independence 1763ndash1776

Section 1 Taxation Without Representation

Section 2 Building Colonial Unity

Section 3 A Call to Arms

Section 4 Moving Toward Independence

The Declaration of Independence


Chapter 6 The American Revolution 1776ndash1783

Section 1 The Early Years

Section 2 The War Continues

Section 3 The War Moves West and South

Section 4 The War Is Won


Chapter 7 A More Perfect Union 1777ndash1790

Section 1 The Articles of Confederation

Section 2 Convention and Compromise

Section 3 A New Plan of Government


Civics in Action A Citizenship Handbook

Section 1 The Constitution

Section 2 The Federal Government

Section 3 Citizens Rights and Responsibilities

Handbook Assessment

The Constitution of the United States

Unit 4 The New Republic 1789ndash1825

Chapter 8 A New Nation 1789ndash1800

Section 1 The First President

Section 2 Early Challenges

Section 3 The First Political Parties


Chapter 9 The Jefferson Era 1800ndash1816

Section 1 The Republicans Take Power

Section 2 The Louisiana Purchase

Section 3 A Time of Conflict

Section 4 The War of 1812


Chapter 10 Growth and Expansion 1790ndash1825

Section 1 Economic Growth

Section 2 Westward Bound

Section 3 Unity and Sectionalism


Unit 5 The Growing Nation 1820ndash1860

Chapter 11 The Jackson Era 1824ndash1845

Section 1 Jacksonian Democracy

Section 2 Conflicts Over Land

Section 3 Jackson and the Bank


Chapter 12 Manifest Destiny 1818ndash1853

Section 1 The Oregon Country

Section 2 Independence for Texas

Section 3 War with Mexico

Section 4 New Settlers in California and Utah


Chapter 13 North and South 1820ndash1860

Section 1 The Norths Economy

Section 2 The Norths People

Section 3 Southern Cotton Kingdom

Section 4 The Souths People


Chapter 14 The Age of Reform 1820ndash1860

Section 1 Social Reform

Section 2 The Abolitionists

Section 3 The Womens Movement


Unit 6 Civil War and Reconstruction 1846ndash1896

Chapter 15 Road to Civil War 1820ndash1861

Section 1 Slavery and the West

Section 2 A Nation Dividing

Section 3 Challenges to Slavery

Section 4 Secession and War


Chapter 16 The Civil War 1861ndash1865

Section 1 The Two Sides

Section 2 Early Years of the War

Section 3 A Call for Freedom

Section 4 Life During the Civil War

Section 5 The Way to Victory


Chapter 17 Reconstruction and Its Aftermath 1865ndash1896

Section 1 Reconstruction Plans

Section 2 Radicals in Control

Section 3 The South During Reconstruction

Section 4 Change in the South


Unit 7 Reshaping the Nation 1858ndash1914

Chapter 18 The Western Frontier 1858ndash1896

Section 1 The Mining Booms

Section 2 Ranchers and Farmers

Section 3 Native American Struggles

Section 4 Farmers in Protest


Chapter 19 The Growth of Industry 1865ndash1914

Section 1 Railroads Lead the Way

Section 2 Inventions

Section 3 An Age of Big Business

Section 4 Industrial Workers


Chapter 20 Toward an Urban America 1865ndash1914

Section 1 The New Immigrants

Section 2 Moving to the City

Section 3 A Changing Culture


Unit 8 Reform Expansion and War 1865ndash1920

Chapter 21 Progressive Reforms 1877ndash1920

Section 1 The Progressive Movement

Section 2 Women and Progressives

Section 3 Progressive Presidents

Section 4 Excluded from Reform


Chapter 22 Overseas Expansion 1865ndash1917

Section 1 Expanding Horizons

Section 2 Imperialism in the Pacific

Section 3 Spanish-American War

Section 4 Latin American Policies


Chapter 23 World War I 1914ndash1919

Section 1 War in Europe

Section 2 Americas Road to War

Section 3 Americans Join the Allies

Section 4 The War at Home

Section 5 Searching for Peace


Unit 9 Turbulent Decades 1919ndash1945

Chapter 24 The Jazz Age 1919ndash1929

Section 1 Time of Turmoil

Section 2 Desire for Normalcy

Section 3 A Booming Economy

Section 4 The Roaring Twenties


Chapter 25 The Depression and FDR 1929ndash1941

Section 1 The Great Depression

Section 2 Roosevelts New Deal

Section 3 Life During the Depression

Section 4 Effects of the New Deal


Chapter 26 World War II 1939ndash1945

Section 1 Road to War

Section 2 War Begins

Section 3 On the Home Front

Section 4 War in Europe and Africa

Section 5 War in the Pacific


Unit 10 Turning Points 1945ndash1975

Chapter 27 The Cold War Era 1945ndash1954

Section 1 Cold War Origins

Section 2 Postwar Politics

Section 3 The Korean War

Section 4 The Red Scare


Chapter 28 America in the 1950s 1953ndash1960

Section 1 Eisenhower in the White House

Section 2 1950s Prosperity

Section 3 Problems in a Time of Plenty


Chapter 29 The Civil Rights Era 1954ndash1973

Section 1 The Civil Rights Movement

Section 2 Kennedy and Johnson

Section 3 The Struggle Continues

Section 4 Other Groups Seek Rights


Chapter 30 The Vietnam Era 1960ndash1975

Section 1 Kennedys Foreign Policy

Section 2 War in Vietnam

Section 3 The Vietnam Years at Home

Section 4 Nixon and Vietnam


Unit 11 Modern America 1968ndashPresent

Chapter 31 Search for Stability 1968ndash1981

Section 1 Nixons Foreign Policy

Section 2 Nixon and Watergate

Section 3 The Carter Presidency


Chapter 32 New Challenges 1981ndashPresent

Section 1 The Reagan Presidency

Section 2 The Bush Presidency

Section 3 A New Century

Section 4 The War on Terrorism


Appendix

What Is an Appendix and How Do I Use One

Primary Sources Library

Presidents of the United States

Documents of American History

Supreme Court Case Summaries

Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index

Acknowledgements and Photo Credits

Feature Contents


Documents of Americas Heritage

More Abouthellip

What Life Was Likehellip

National Geographic Geography amp History

Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints

Technology and History

Linking Past amp Present

What Ifhellip

Hands-On History Lab Activity

TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History

Fact Fiction Folklore

Primary Source Quotes

Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks

Active Reading Note-Taking Guide - Student Edition



























































































































































Activity Workbook - Student Edition

Local history activities

Activity 1 The First Americans

Activity 2 Exploring the Americas

Activity 3 Colonial America

Activity 4 The Colonies Grow

Activity 5 Road to Independence

Activity 6 The American Revolution

Activity 7 A More Perfect Union

Activity 8 A New Nation

Activity 9 The Jefferson Era

Activity 10 Growth and Expansion

Activity 11 The Jackson Era

Activity 12 Manifest Destiny

Activity 13 North and South

Activity 14 The Age of Reform

Activity 15 Road to Civil War

Activity 16 The Civil War

Activity 17 Reconstruction and Its Aftermath

Activity 18 The Western Frontier

Activity 19 The Growth of Industry

Activity 20 Toward an Urban America

Activity 21 Progressive Reforms

Activity 22 Overseas Expansion

Activity 23 World War I

Activity 24 The Jazz Age

Activity 25 The Depression and FDR

Activity 26 World War II

Activity 27 The Cold War Era

Activity 28 America in the 1950s

Activity 29 The Civil Rights Era

Activity 30 The Vietnam Era

Activity 31 Search for Stability

Activity 32 New Challenges

Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student Edition



























































































































































Spanish Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student Edition

Capiacutetulo 1 Los primeros habitantes de las Ameacutericas Prehistoria a 1492

Guiacutea de estudio 1-1 Los primeros pueblos

Guiacutea de estudio 1-2 Ciudades e imperios

Guiacutea de estudio 1-3 Pueblos norteamericanos

Capiacutetulo 2 La exploracioacuten de las Ameacutericas 1400ndash1625

Guiacutea de estudio 2-1 Un mundo cambiante

Guiacutea de estudio 2-2 Primeras exploraciones

Guiacutea de estudio 2-3 Espantildea en Ameacuterica

Guiacutea de estudio 2-4 Exploracioacuten de Norteameacuterica

Capiacutetulo 3 La Ameacuterica colonial 1587ndash1770

Guiacutea de estudio 3-1 Primeros asentamientos ingleses

Guiacutea de estudio 3-2 Colonias de Nueva Inglaterra

Guiacutea de estudio 3-3 Colonias del Centro

Guiacutea de estudio 3-4 Colonias del Sur

Capiacutetulo 4 El desarollo de las colonias 1607ndash1770

Guiacutea de estudio 4-1 La vida en las colonias

Guiacutea de estudio 4-2 Gobierno religioacuten y cultura

Guiacutea de estudio 4-3 Choque entre Francia e Inglaterra

Guiacutea de estudio 4-4 La guerra francesa e india

Capiacutetulo 5 El camino de la Independencia 1763ndash1776

Guiacutea de estudio 5-1 Impuestos sin representacioacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 5-2 Formacioacuten de la unidad colonial

Guiacutea de estudio 5-3 Un llamado a las armas

Guiacutea de estudio 5-4 Avanzar hacia la independencia

Capiacutetulo 6 La Guerra de Independencia 1776ndash1783

Guiacutea de estudio 6-1 Los primeros antildeos

Guiacutea de estudio 6-2 La guerra continuacutea

Guiacutea de estudio 6-3 La guerra se mueve hacia el Oeste y el Sur

Guiacutea de estudio 6-4 La guerra se gana

Capiacutetulo 7 Una unioacuten maacutes perfecta 1777ndash1790

Guiacutea de estudio 7-1 Los artiacuteculos de la Confederacioacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 7-2 Convencioacuten y compromiso

Guiacutea de estudio 7-3 Un nuevo plan de gobierno

Capiacutetulo 8 Una nueva Nacioacuten 1879ndash1800

Guiacutea de estudio 8-1 El primer presidente

Guiacutea de estudio 8-2 Primeros retos

Guiacutea de estudio 8-3 Los primeros partidos poliacuteticos

Capiacutetulo 9 La era de Jefferson 1800ndash1816

Guiacutea de estudio 9-1 Los republicanos toman el poder

Guiacutea de estudio 9-2 La compra de Louisiana

Guiacutea de estudio 9-3 Una eacutepoca de conflicto

Guiacutea de estudio 9-4 La guerra de 1812

Capiacutetulo 10 Crecimiento y expansioacuten 1790ndash1825

Guiacutea de estudio 10-1 Crecimiento econoacutemico

Guiacutea de estudio 10-2 Rumbo al Oeste

Guiacutea de estudio 10-3 Unidad y seccionalismo

Capiacutetulo 11 La era Jackson 1824ndash1845

Guiacutea de estudio 11-1 Democracia jacksoniana

Guiacutea de estudio 11-2 Conflictos por la tierra

Guiacutea de estudio 11-3 Jackson y el banco

Capiacutetulo 12 Destino manifiesto 1818ndash1853

Guiacutea de estudio 12-1 El paiacutes de Oregoacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 12-2 Independencia para Texas

Guiacutea de estudio 12-3 Guerra con Meacutexico

Guiacutea de estudio 12-4 Nuevos colonos en California y Utah

Capiacutetulo 13 El Norte y el Sur 1820ndash1860

Guiacutea de estudio 13-1 La economiacutea del Norte

Guiacutea de estudio 13-2 La gente del Norte

Guiacutea de estudio 13-3 El reino surentildeo del algodoacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 13-4 La gente del Sur

Capiacutetulo 14 La era de la reforma 1820ndash1860

Guiacutea de estudio 14-1 Reforma social

Guiacutea de estudio 14-2 Los abolicionistas

Guiacutea de estudio 14-3 El movimiento femenino

Capiacutetulo 15 Caminono a la Guerra Civil 1820ndash1861

Guiacutea de estudio 15-1 La esclavitud y el Oeste

Guiacutea de estudio 15-2 Una nacioacuten dividida

Guiacutea de estudio 15-3 Retos para la esclavitud

Guiacutea de estudio 15-4 Secesioacuten y guerra


Guiacutea de estudio 16-1 Los dos bandos

Guiacutea de estudio 16-2 Los primeros antildeos de la guerra

Guiacutea de estudio 16-3 Un llamado a la libertad

Guiacutea de estudio 16-4 La vida durante la guerra civil

Guiacutea de estudio 16-5 El camino a la victoria

Capiacutetulo 17 La reconstruccioacuten y sus consecuencias 1865ndash1896

Guiacutea de estudio 17-1 Planes de reconstruccioacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 17-2 Los radicales toman el control

Guiacutea de estudio 17-3 El Sur durante la reconstruccioacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 17-4 Cambio en el Sur

Capiacutetulo 18 La frontera occidental 1858ndash1896

Guiacutea de estudio 18-1 El auge de la mineriacutea

Guiacutea de estudio 18-2 Rancheros y agricultores

Guiacutea de estudio 18-3 Luchas de los nativos americanos

Guiacutea de estudio 18-4 Protesta de los agricultores

Capiacutetulo 19 El crecimiento de la industria 1865ndash1914

Guiacutea de estudio 19-1 Los ferrocarriles ensentildean el camino

Guiacutea de estudio 19-2 Inventos

Guiacutea de estudio 19-3 Una era de grandes negocios

Guiacutea de estudio 19-4 Trabajadores industriales

Capiacutetulo 20 Hacia una Ameacuterica urbana 1865ndash1914

Guiacutea de estudio 20-1 Los nuevos inmigrantes

Guiacutea de estudio 20-2 Mudarse a la ciudad

Guiacutea de estudio 20-3 Una cultura cambiante

Capiacutetulo 21 Reformas progresistas 1877ndash1920

Guiacutea de estudio 21-1 El movimiento progresista

Guiacutea de estudio 21-2 Las mujeres y los progresistas

Guiacutea de estudio 21-3 Los presidentes progresistas

Guiacutea de estudio 21-4 Los excluidos de la reforma

Capiacutetulo 22 Expansioacuten extranjera 1865ndash1917

Guiacutea de estudio 22-1 Expansioacuten de horizontes

Guiacutea de estudio 22-2 Imperialismo en el Paciacutefico

Guiacutea de estudio 22-3 Guerra hispana-estadounidense

Guiacutea de estudio 22-4 Poliacuteticas latinoamericanas

Capiacutetulo 23 La Primera Guerra Mundial 1914ndash1919

Guiacutea de estudio 23-1 Guerra en Europa

Guiacutea de estudio 23-2 El camino de Estados Unidos hacia la guerra

Guiacutea de estudio 23-3 Los estadounidenses se unen a los aliados

Guiacutea de estudio 23-4 La guerra en casa

Guiacutea de estudio 23-5 En busca de la paz

Capiacutetulo 24 La eacutepoca del jazz 1919ndash1929

Guiacutea de estudio 24-1 Tiempo de caos

Guiacutea de estudio 24-2 Deseo de normalidad

Guiacutea de estudio 24-3 Un auge de la economiacutea

Guiacutea de estudio 24-4 Los clamorosos antildeos veinte

Capiacutetulo 25 La Depresioacuten y FDR 1929ndash1941

Guiacutea de estudio 25-1 La Gran Depresioacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 25-2 El Nuevo Trato de Roosevelt

Guiacutea de estudio 25-3 La vida durante la Depresioacuten

Guiacutea de estudio 25-4 Efectos del Nuevo Trato

Capiacutetulo 26 La Segunda Guerra Mundial 1939ndash1945

Guiacutea de estudio 26-1 El camino hacia la guerra

Guiacutea de estudio 26-2 La guerra empieza

Guiacutea de estudio 26-3 En el frente nacional

Guiacutea de estudio 26-4 Guerra en Europa y Aacutefrica

Guiacutea de estudio 26-5 Guerra en el Paciacutefico

Capiacutetulo 27 La Guerra Friacutea 1945ndash1954

Guiacutea de estudio 27-1 Oriacutegenes de la Guerra Friacutea

Guiacutea de estudio 27-2 Poliacutetica de posguerra

Guiacutea de estudio 27-3 La Guerra de Corea

Guiacutea de estudio 27-4 La amenaza roja

Capiacutetulo 28 Estados Unidos en la deacutecada de 1950 1953ndash1960

Guiacutea de estudio 28-1 Eisenhower en la Casa Blanca

Guiacutea de estudio 28-2 Prosperidad en los antildeos cincuenta

Guiacutea de estudio 28-3 Problemas en tiempos de abundancia

Capiacutetulo 29 La era de los derechos civiles 1954ndash1973

Guiacutea de estudio 29-1 El movimiento de los derechos civiles

Guiacutea de estudio 29-2 Kennedy y Johnson

Guiacutea de estudio 29-3 La lucha continuacutea

Guiacutea de estudio 29-4 Otros grupos buscan derechos

Capiacutetulo 30 La era de Vietnam 1960ndash1975

Guiacutea de estudio 30-1 Poliacutetica extranjera de Kennedy

Guiacutea de estudio 30-2 Guerra en Vietnam

Guiacutea de estudio 30-3 Los antildeos de Vietnam en casa

Guiacutea de estudio 30-4 Nixon y Vietnam

Capiacutetulo 31 En busca de estabilidad 1968ndash1981

UnGuiacutea de estudio 31-1 Poliacutetica extranjera de Nixontitled

Guiacutea de estudio 31-2 Nixon y Watergate

Guiacutea de estudio 31-3 La presidencia de Carter

Capiacutetulo 32 Nuevos retos 1981ndashPresente

Guiacutea de estudio 32-1 La presidencia de Reagan

Guiacutea de estudio 32-2 La presidencia de Bush

Guiacutea de estudio 32-3 Un nuevo siglo

Guiacutea de estudio 32-4 La guerra contra el terrorismo

Standardized Test Skills Practice Workbook - Student Edition

Objectives Addressed in the Activities

Workbook Overview

Preparing for a Standardized Test

Activity 1 Arranging Events in Sequential Order

Activity 2 Interpreting Charts and Tables

Activity 3 Using Bar Graphs to Interpret Data

Activity 4 Using the Scale of Distance on a Map

Activity 5 Distinguishing Between Fact and Nonfact

Activity 6 Descriptive Writing About a Visual

Activity 7 Comparing and Contrasting

Activity 8 Making Inferences

Activity 9 Drawing Conclusions

Activity 10 Interpreting Diagrams

Activity 11 Perceiving Cause-and-Effect Relationships

Activity 12 Outlining Information for Writing

Activity 13 Classifying Facts and Details

Activity 14 Recognizing Point of View

Activity 15 Detecting Bias

Activity 16 Evaluating the Consequences of Decisions

Activity 17 Identifying the Main Idea

Activity 18 Predicting Outcomes

Activity 19 Analyzing a Political Cartoon

Activity 20 Analyzing Statistics

Activity 21 Persuasive Writing About an Issue

Activity 22 Interpreting Primary Sources

Activity 23 Recognizing Forms of Propaganda

Activity 24 Forming Hypotheses

Activity 25 Identifying and Evaluating Evidence

Activity 26 Making Decisions

Activity 27 Writing a News Story

Activity 28 Interpreting Graphs

Activity 29 Making Generalizations

Activity 30 Writing to Inform an Audience

Activity 31 Developing a Process to Solve a Problem

Activity 32 Interpreting and Evaluating Editorials

Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document

Search - Full available on OS X and Windows in Reader 601

Page Navigator

Exit

ldquoSuffrage is thepivotal rightrdquo

mdashSusan B Anthony 1897

ProgressiveReforms

1877ndash1920

Commission formed

Zulu War

a republic

Congress convenes

Hayes1877ndash1881

assassinated

1880 1890 1900

Arthur1881ndash1885

Garfield1881

32496143

structure of atom

HISTORY

1910 1920

published

1909bull The NAACP

is formed

1919bull Eighteenth

Taft1909ndash1913

Wilson1913ndash1921

Make fourtabs

Leave inch tab

WHATwas the

Progressivemovement

of women

WHOwere the

WHY weresome groups

excludedfrom

reform

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1885 1895 1905 1915

Reforms

71105576

14356735

Economics

HISTORY

24979161

Citizenship

21023836

Seventh Amendment

11963857

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

ProgressiveReforms

1877ndash1920

Commission formed

Zulu War

a republic

Congress convenes

Hayes1877ndash1881

assassinated

1880 1890 1900

Arthur1881ndash1885

Garfield1881

32496143

structure of atom

HISTORY

1910 1920

published

1909bull The NAACP

is formed

1919bull Eighteenth

Taft1909ndash1913

Wilson1913ndash1921

Make fourtabs

Leave inch tab

WHATwas the

Progressivemovement

of women

WHOwere the

WHY weresome groups

excludedfrom

reform

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1885 1895 1905 1915

Reforms

71105576

14356735

Economics

HISTORY

24979161

Citizenship

21023836

Seventh Amendment

11963857

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

structure of atom

HISTORY

1910 1920

published

1909bull The NAACP

is formed

1919bull Eighteenth

Taft1909ndash1913

Wilson1913ndash1921

Make fourtabs

Leave inch tab

WHATwas the

Progressivemovement

of women

WHOwere the

WHY weresome groups

excludedfrom

reform

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1885 1895 1905 1915

Reforms

71105576

14356735

Economics

HISTORY

24979161

Citizenship

21023836

Seventh Amendment

11963857

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1885 1895 1905 1915

Reforms

71105576

14356735

Economics

HISTORY

24979161

Citizenship

21023836

Seventh Amendment

11963857

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

14356735

Economics

HISTORY

24979161

Citizenship

21023836

Seventh Amendment

11963857

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Economics

HISTORY

24979161

Citizenship

21023836

Seventh Amendment

11963857

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Citizenship

21023836

Seventh Amendment

11963857

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Seventh Amendment

11963857

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

to vote

Lillian D Wald

Mary Church Terrell

Susan B Anthony

Guide to Reading

1890 1900 1910 1920

7194145

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Mary Church Terrell

23051135

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

500 miles0

30iexclN

40iexclN

Atlantic

OceanPacific

Gulf of Mexico

NEWMEXICO

ARIZONA1912

NEVADA1914

CALIF1911

OREGON1912

WASH1910

IDAHO1896

MONTANA1914

UTAH1870 COLORADO

1893 KANSAS1912

OKLA1918 ARK

NEBRASKA

S DAK1918

N DAK MINN

WISMICH

IND OHIO

MISS ALA GA

NY1917

RICONN

WYOMING1869

CANADA

MEXICO

your state by 1919

Partial suffrage

8510648

History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

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History

19581735

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1848 1869 1896 1920

Temperance poster

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

1349461

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

own political party

Sixteenth Amendment

Federal Reserve Act

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1900 1910 1920

7178473

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

20036311

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

The Influence of

16399712

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

YearResults

Third-Party Results

96338554

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

1902 Coal

Strike

Americarsquos Flags

14403761

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

14126836

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

Yukon River

A L A S K A CA

500 miles

500 kilometers

100779144

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

R u t hG l a c i e

si t n

SheldonAmphitheater

BuckskinG

1872 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Yellowstone NP 1872

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Booker T Washington

Ida Wells

WEB Du Bois

Carlos Montezuma

Preview of Events

Guide to Reading

1880 1900 1920

7272508

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Immigration

136147

132116

54 4762

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

11368296

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

History

14853111

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

History

14001436

1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































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1490536

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


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Exit

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

Native Americans

Mexican Americans

African Americans

Reviewing Themes

Critical Thinking

Analyzing Visuals

13755861

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

Progressive Reforms

City Commissions

City Managers

Civic Reform

Business Reform

Political Reform

Suffragist movement

Labor movement

Womenrsquos Rights

Rights of Citizens

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Workbook Overview


































Help

Internet Link

Previous Document

Search - Document


Page Navigator

Exit

HISTORY

Test-Taking Tip





Table of Contents


Scavenger Hunt


















World Political

United States Facts

Geography Handbook

What Is Geography


How Do I Use Maps



Be an Active Reader

















































Handbook Assessment




























































































































































Appendix






Gazetteer

Glossary

Spanish Glossary

Index


Feature Contents



More Abouthellip



Americas Literature

Two Viewpoints



What Ifhellip


TIME Notebook

Why It Matters

Causes and Effects

SkillBuilder

Critical Thinking

Social Studies

Study amp Writing

Technology

People In History



Charts amp Graphs

Maps

Student Workbooks






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































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Reform, Expansion, and War - Your History Site American Journey/chap21.pdf · Reform, Expansion, and War 1865–1920 ... answered the call for reform of the ... CHAPTER 21 Progressive

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