Westward Expansion and Reform in the

United States

USI.8

Lesson 1and 2Lesson 1and 2

Territorial Expansion

USI.8a

SOLUSI.8a: describing territorial expansion and how it affected the political map of the United States.

Essential Question:

How do economic and geographic factors influence human migration?

What do I need to understand?

Human migration is influenced by geographic and

economic factors.

Hook (Quote) Quote from Secretary of State

John Quincy Adams: “From the time we became an independent nation, it was ….a law of nature that (North America) would become our claim as the Mississippi should flow to the sea.” What does this mean?

Animated Map of Westward Expansion

Map of the Louisiana Purchase

Louisiana Purchase 1803

From France New Orleans Napoleon Bonaparte Doubled the size of the US Lewis and Clark

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Meriwether Lewis William Clark From the Mississippi R.

to the Pacific Ocean

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Map of Florida

Acquisition of Florida

From Spain 1819 Given to the US through a treaty

Made a US territory in 1821

Map of Texas

Why did Americans move to the Texas region?

Americans were drawn to the cheap and fertile land for farming and raising cattle.

The Acquisition of Texas1845

Was an Independent Republic. 1836 (A country of its own)

Then added to the United States.

The map of Texas

The map shows the boundaries of Texas as understood by Texans in 1836 and by the United States when it annexed Texas in 1845.

The map of Oregon Territory

The acquisition of Oregon 1846 Oregon Territory Divided between US and Great Britain

49th Parallel 1840s Oregon Trial

The Map of California and the SW territory

The acquisition of California

US at war with Mexico 1846 Rio Grande Border dispute

(Texas) 1848 Mexico surrenders US gains California and the

Southwest territory.

1840

Approximately 700 people from the United States lived in California.

Several occasions United States government offers to buy California from Mexico. Officials were eager to gain control of the ports of San Francisco and San Diego.

Mexican American War

California

War with Mexico resulted in California and the southwest territory becoming part of the United States.

Write to Learn

You are a traveler with Lewis and Clark. Write a journal entry about what you see, hear, taste, smell, etc.

Quick Quiz USI.8a

ReadySetGO!

1) To gain access to New Orleans, what did the US buy?

2) Who was president when the US gained the Louisiana territory?

3) What country did Louisiana belong to before we bought it?

4) Who did Jefferson hire to explore the Louisiana Purchase?

5) Lewis and Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase from the ________ River to the _________ Ocean.

6) What rivers did they follow to get to the Pacific Ocean?

7) What country did the US acquire Florida from?

8) Who was our president when we gained Florida from Spain? (1819)

9) What state was an independent republic before it became part of the US?

10) Who owned Texas before it became an independent republic?

11) What territory was acquired by the US as part of a compromise with Great Britain?

12) To acquire the Oregon territory, the US agreed to the land south of the _____th Parallel.

13) In the 1840s, pioneers began to settle Oregon Territory in wagons following a route called the ________ _________.

14) The agreement with Great Britain also distinguished the border between the US and ________. (our neighbor to the north)

15) After a war with Mexico, the US gained ________ and the SW territory.

16) Many people moved to California in search of ___________.

Lesson 3 and 4Lesson 3 and 4

Westward Migration

USI.8b

SOL

USI.8b: identifying the geographic and economic factors that influenced the westward movement of settlers.

Essential Question

How do economic and geographic factors influence human migration?

What do I need to understand?

Westward migration was influenced by geography and

economic opportunity (the chance to make money)

Hook (Pioneer)Draw a picture of a typical pioneer.

Explain that people who settled in the west were often called pioneers.

What factors influenced westward migration?

1) Population

The growing population in the Eastern states.

Crowded People wanted more space

between themselves and their neighbors.

2) Land

Availability (Lots of it)

Cheap $$ Fertile

3) Economic Opportunity A) Gold California Gold Rush

3) Economic Opportunity

B) Logging (jobs)

3) Economic Opportunity

C) Farming (to make money)

3) Economic Opportunity D) Freedom For runaway

slaves

4) Cheaper & Faster Transportation Rivers Canals

4) Cheaper & Faster Transportation Erie Canal (To link the

Great Lakes w/ rivers)

4) Cheaper & Faster Transportation Steamboats

5) Knowledge of overland trails Oregon Trail

5) Knowledge of overland trails

Santa Fe Trail

6) Belief in Manifest Destiny

The right and duty to spread across the continent all the way to the Pacific Ocean

Manifest Destiny

Draw a sensory figure

Label the eyes – What do I see?

Label the heart – What do I feel?

Label the ears – What do I hear?

When you view the picture, write what you would see, hear, and feel if you were in the scene.

Explain how the artist uses the object and people in the picture to encourage people to fulfill their Manifest Destiny.

Write to LearnWrite to Learn

Write an acrostic Write an acrostic poem using the poem using the letters: Manifest letters: Manifest DestinyDestiny

Quick Quiz

Ready Set GO!

1) What was growing in the eastern states that would influence people to move west?

2) Many people moved west because of the availability of _______ and ________ land.

3) What economic opportunities were there out west?

4) What are 2 examples of cheaper and faster transportation?

5) Name two overland trails that people traveled westward.

6) What was the belief that expansion was for the good of the country and was the right of the country?

Lesson 5 and 6Lesson 5 and 6

New Technologies

USI.8c

SOL

USI.8c: describing the impact of inventions on life in America.

Essential Question(s)

1. Why do people invent and how do inventions affect people’s lives?

2. How do inventions reflect and impact historical events?

What do I need to understand?

Inventions affect people’s lifestyles and reflect and impact historical events.

Hook: TransportationHook: TransportationList as many methods of

transportation as you can in one minute.

Cross out all the methods that were unavailable 200 years ago.

Discuss how your lives would be different without cars, airplanes, and other forms of modern transportation.

Terms to Know

Inventor: someone who is the first to think of or make something

Entrepreneur: someone who organizes resources to bring a new or better good or service to market in hopes of earning a profit.

New Technologies

Cotton Gin (1793) Eli Whitney Increased production of

cotton Increased need for slave

labor to cultivate and pick cotton

New Technologies Cotton Gin

New Technologies

Reaper (1831) Cyrus McCormick (an

entrepreneur who brought the reaper to market)

Jo Anderson (slave) Increased the productivity of

the American Farmer.

New Technologies Reaper

New Technologies Steamboat (1807) Robert Fulton (an

entrepreneur who improved the steamboat)

Provided faster river transportation

Connected Southern plantations and farms to Northern industries

New Technologies Steamboat

New Technologies

Steam Locomotive (1826)

John Stevens Provided faster land transportation

New Technologies Steam Locomotive

Hook: What Would You Hook: What Would You Take?Take?

If you were able to If you were able to take one modern (that take one modern (that fits in your pocket) fits in your pocket) invention back to the invention back to the pioneer times, what pioneer times, what would it be and why?would it be and why?

Quick Quiz

GETREADYSETGO

1) Who invented the cotton gin?

2) What did the cotton gin do?

3) When the production of cotton increased, what else increased?

4) What two people invented the reaper?

4) What did the invention of the reaper increase?

5) Who invented the steamboat?

6) What provided faster “land” transportation?

7) What connected Southern Plantations and farms to Northern industries?

Lesson 7 and 8Lesson 7 and 8

The Reform Movement

USI.8d

SOLUSI.8d: identifying the main ideas of the abolitionist and suffrage movements.

Essential Questions: What motivates people to change their society?

How can people change society effectively?

Reform Movements

Two movements Abolition Suffrage

Abolitionist Abolitionist MovementMovement

Hook: ActionsHook: Actions“What actions or risks would you

be willing to take to correct a situation that you consider unjust?” Would you risk your life?

Key ideas behind the abolitionist movement:

Slaves should be freed immediately

Slavery was morally wrong Slavery was cruel and

inhumane Against democracy (created

equal)

What were abolitionists?

Reformers who wanted to end slavery. Some favored a gradual end, they believed that it would die out. However, most demanded that slavery end everywhere at once!

Harriet Tubman A enslaved African

American, she escaped in 1849 and became one of the most successful “conductors” on the Underground Railroad.

What was the Underground Railroad?

A network of black and white abolitionists who secretly helped slaves escape to freedom in the North or Canada.

William Lloyd Garrison

The Liberator Took a stand for

immediate and complete abolition of slavery

Frederick Douglass

Wrote the North Star

Worked for rights to better the lives of African Americans and women

Write to LearnWrite to LearnIf you had been a slave, If you had been a slave, would you have tried to would you have tried to escape? Why or Why escape? Why or Why not?not?

Suffrage Suffrage MovementMovement

Hook: Decision MakingHook: Decision Making

New Rule: You no longer have the right to speak in class. The teacher will be the sole speaker. If you have an opinion, KEEP IT TO YOURSELF.

• Take out a piece of paper and make a list of the feelings you have about the new rule. DO NOT TALK.

The Suffragist Movement

“All men and women are created equal”

Key ideas behind the suffragist movement:

Right to vote Educational opportunities (and

college) Equal in business Own property independently

Isabel Sojourner Truth

A former enslaved African American who was a nationally known advocate for equality and justice.

Susan B. Anthony Was an

advocate to gain voting rights for women and equal rights for all.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Played a leadership role in the women’s rights movement.

Write to LearnWrite to Learn

Describe two ways Describe two ways that the women’s that the women’s movement got their movement got their message across to message across to the public.the public.

Quick Quiz

Get ReadySetGo

1.To the abolitionists, slavery was ______ __________.

2.Who wanted to end slavery?

3.Who was the former slave that helped many slaves escape to the North and West?

4.What network helped slaves to escape to the North and West?

5.Who was the editor of The Liberator?

6.Who was the escape slave that wrote books about the evils of slavery?

7. What was the motto of the women’s movement?

8.Who wanted the right to vote, higher education, the right to own property and job opportunities?

9.Who was a slave that wrote about the equal rights for women?

10. The best known women’s rights spokesperson?