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REFLECTION
Jones, M., Shelton, M. (2011). Developing Your Portfolio--Enhancing Your Learning and Showing Your Stuff: A Guide for the Early Childhood Student or Professional, Second Edition. Routledge.
John Dewey
"The self is not something ready-made,
but something in continuous formation
through choice of action"
Reflection: A Definition• The defining characteristic of a portfolio
• Intentionally bringing to consciousness motivations, thoughts, beliefs, questions, assumptions, feelings, attitudes, desires, & expectations to gain insight as to meaning, connections to what is personally known, & in light of new experiences & information
Jones & Shelton, 2006
Reflection is a process of…• Thinking about thinking (metacognition)
• Considering implications of past actions, knowledge, or current circumstances
• Projecting into the future
• Making connections across time
• Writing as thinking (product)Reflection makes possible insights needed to learn from experience & alter habitual behaviors
Reflection: PurposesBring experience & knowledge together to
produce new, personally meaningful learning
Connect theory to practice
Strengthen a critical reflection disposition
Provide insight into learning & personal or professional development
Manage emotions throughout the learning process
Reflection Enables Connections
• Relate learning to standards/guidelines (theory to practice)
• Examine impact of learning on personal views or behaviors (transformation)
• Determine relevance & implications of the learning on future action (so what? & what now?)
Reflection Frames Experiences as:
• An observer of self and others – focuses on qualities & content of relationship
• A critical reader of professional literature– focuses on engaging the literature, rather than
simply being a consumer of it
• An implementer of activities– focuses on the processes and products associated
with your activities
Dispositions• Consistent & frequent patterns of behavior
wherein the individual acts intentionally in particular contexts at particular times.
• Ways of responding determined more by characteristics internal to the actor than provoked by the environment
• “Habits of mind,” rather than “mindless habits” Katz, 1995
Some dispositions exercised in the portfolio process• Flexibility of thought
• Intellectual curiosity
• Perseverance
• Risk-taking
• Critical reflection
• Contemplate the meaning of specified learning experiences in relation to guidelines and practice (theory to practice)
• Examine the impact of the learning on personal views or behaviors (transformation)
• Determine the relevance and implications of the learning with regard to future action (so what? & now what?)
Steps in Reflecting & Connecting
“when viewed as a process and when done properly, [reflective writing] has a unique ability to develop the interior life of the writer…”(Fink, 2003, (p. 116).
Reflective Writing
The Role of Reflection To make meaning: bring experience and knowledge together to produce new learning To connect theory to practice – past, present and future To transform the scrapbook into a portfolio
Concrete operations Formal operations
Reflection Continuum
Summary of facts to limited reflection skills
More insightful reflection
Sophisticated, multi-level reflection
•_____ motivated me to…
•I believed that…
•____ has made me question…
•The question this raises for me is…
•I assumed that…
•_____ makes me feel like…
•I realized that…
•_____ made me realize…
Prompts•My expectation was that…
•My views on… have been…
•I imagined…
•It surprised me to find out…
•_____ caused me wonder
•_____ is important to me because…
•_____ has affected the way I think/feel about…