Red Tact on Final Ppt 100917085151 Phpapp01 Copy

8/3/2019 Red Tact on Final Ppt 100917085151 Phpapp01 Copy

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RedTactonKrithi S. Chettiyar

Sneha C. ParabShruthi U. Shetty

Presented By,



Overview

Introduction

History

What is RedTacton?

How it works?

Functional features

Applications

Comparison with other networks Challenges

Conclusion



INTRODUCTION

RedTacton is a new Human Area networking technology, which is under

development that uses the surface of the human body as a safe, highspeed network transmission path.

Technically, it is completely distinct from wireless and infraredtechnologies as it uses the minute electric field emitted on the surface of

human body as medium for transmitting the data.

RedTacton can achieve duplex communication over the human body at amaximum speed of 10 Mbps.

RedTacton involves initiating communication with a touch that could resultin a wide range of actions in response. Transmission path is formed whena part of the human body comes in contact.

RedTacton works through shoes and clothing as well.



HISTORY

The concept of intra-body communication was first proposed by IBM in1996.

This communication mechanism was later evaluated and reported byseveral research groups around the world.

All those reported technologies had two limitations.The operating range through the body was limited to a few tens of

centimeters.

The top communication speed was only 40 bit/s!!

These limitations were overcome by NTT (Nippon Telegraph andTelephone Corporation) located in Tokyo, Japan by using photonicelectric field sensors and finally in 2005 they came up with a humanarea networking technology called „REDTACTON‟



What is RedTacton?

Red : a warm color to emphasis warm and cordial communications.

TACTON : Action triggered by Touching.

RedTacton utilizes a point to point network, knownas a Pico net that allows information to be exchanged

between two transceivers without the need for a serverto store or process information.

Above Figure shows RED TACTON Device



How Red Tacton works ?

Figure shows the working of the REDTACTON device over the surface of our body.



How it works?

RedTacton operates on the idea that optical propertiesof an electro-optic crystal can vary according to the

changes of a weak electric field.

After contact with another RedTacton enabled device,

the transmitter induces a weak electric field on thesurface of the body.

The weak electric fields pass through the body to aRedTacton receiver, where the weak electric fields

affect the optical properties of an electro-opticcrystal.

The extend to which the optical properties are changedis detected by laser light, which is then converted to an

electrical signal.



Receiving data is more complicated because the strengthof the electric field involved is so low. RedTacton gets

around this using a technique called electric fieldphotonics: A laser is passed though an electro-opticcrystal, which deflects light differently according to thestrength of the field across it. These deflections are

measured and converted back into electrical signals toretrieve the transmitted data.

Multiple transceivers can be used simultaneously. This isbecause RedTacton uses a proprietary CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection)protocol that allows multiple access with the samemedium from multiple nodes. Each transceiver card hasan unique MAC address.



RedTacton

Figure shows the various electric fields on the surface of our body induced by the RED

TACTON device..



Only a portion of the induced electric field is sensed bythe receiving RED TACTON device. The remaining

electric fields are dissipated to the ground

The electric field Es that reaches the receiver isEs = Ea – (Eb + Ec)



HUMAN SAFETY

RedTacton transceiver electrodes are covered with an

insulating film, so there is no way that current fromRedTacton can flow into the user's body.

Note however that, just like the weak electromagneticwaves produced by most common electrical appliances, afaint modulating displacement current does pass throughthe body when using RedTacton .

The level of displacement current involved is considered

harmless and is in full compliance with the "RadioFrequency-Exposure Protection Standard <RCR STD-38>established by the Association of Radio Industries andBusinesses (ARIB).



WHAT DOES IT NEED?

Each device we wish to communicate with must beequipped with a RedTacton transceiver that is able todetect the messages programmed into our owndevice.

We are able to program our devices to exchangespecific types of information by using a programmabletransceiver that connects to any computer and allows

users to customize their transmission settings througha graphical user interface.

Once our transmitter, is programmed to recognize and

exchange information with other devices we select, wewill be able to communicate with them easil .



WHAT DOES IT DO?

When using a RedTacton device, the human bodyeffectively becomes an Ethernet cable, so the bodycan use its electrical field to connect devices tonetworks or the internet.

For example, if a person wearing a RedTacton devicesat at a table with RedTacton capabilities that wasconnected to the Internet, the laptop wouldimmediately be connected to the internet.

Seems similar to a wireless network connection, but itis not. There is a physical connection, the person.

The connection is more secure and does not slowdown if many people are using the same connection,

as a wireless connection does.



REDTACTON TRANSCEIVER:

The signal from the interface is sent to the datasense circuit and the transmitter circuit.

The data sense circuit senses the signal and if thedata is present it sends control signal to thetransmitter which activates the transmitter circuit.

The transmitter circuit varies the electric field on thesurface of our body.

This change in the electric field is detected by theelectro-optic sensor.

The output of the electro-optic sensor is given to thedetector circuit, which in turn given to the interface ofthe receiving RedTacton device.



RED TACTON TRANSCEIVER

Block diagram of Red TACTON transceiver.



WORKING PROCEDURE

1. Transmitter sends data

2. Transmitting transceiver creates a change in the field3. Field from human body dissipates into earth

4. Electric field is received using sensing technology

5. Receiving transceiver recognizes the change in the electric field

6. Sensing technology measures the weak electric fields induced.

7. Electro-optical crystal uses laser to convert and read the signal



Why RedTacton?

Bluetooth, infrared etc. were the most commonly usedtechniques for data transmission.

But these short-range wireless communication systemshave some problems.

The principle drawback of infrared communications

(IrDA) is the tight directionality of beams betweenterminals needed for the system to be effective



The ultimate human area network solution to all these

constraints of conventional technologies is “intra body”communication, in which the human body serves as thetransmission medium.

Human area networks would solve all the problemsincluding throughput reduction, low security, and highnet -work setup costs.



FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF

REDTACTON

RedTacton has three main functional features:

1. Touch

2. Broadband & Interactive3. Any media



TOUCH Communication with just a touch or a step!

Touching, gripping, sitting, walking, stepping andother human movements can be the triggers forunlocking or locking, starting or stopping equipment,or obtaining data.

Using RedTacton, communication starts whenterminals carried by the user or embedded in devicesare linked in various combinations through physicalcontact according to the human's natural movements.



BROADBAND & INTERACTIVE Bandwidth does not deteriorate even with duplex operation &simultaneous access by many users!

Duplex, interactive communication is possible at a maximum speed of10Mbps.

Because the transmission path is on the surface of the body, transmissionspeed does not deteriorate in congested areas where many people arecommunicating at the same time .

Figures shows difference betweenwireless LAN and RedTacton



ANY MEDIAWorks with many transmission media common in human life!

In addition to the human body, various conductors and dielectrics can beused as transmission media. Conductors and dielectrics may also beused in combination.

A communication environment can be created easily and at low-cost byusing items close at hand, such as desks, walls, and metal objects. Butthere is one limitation on the length of the conductor to be propagated,on installation locations, and on the thickness of the dielectric to be

passed through.

DIELECTRICS(Signals can pass through materials)

CONDUCTORS(Signals travel along surface)



APPLICATIONS

Information recorded in the RedTacton device is sent to the touchedobjects.

Appropriate service is provided based on the information received

by the RedTacton receiver.Elimination of Human Errors:

One to One services

RedTacton devices embedded Medicine bottles transmitinformation of medicine attributes.

If the patient touches the wrong medicine, an alarm will trigger on

the terminal he is carrying. Patients wearing the device could quickly and securely transmit

their medical history to doctors. Avoidance of risks at construction sites: an alarm sounds if special

equipments are handled by anyone other than supervisors



Communication is triggered by totally natural human actions and

behavior.

Transfer songs to portable music players from notebook PC’s with just a

touch.

No need to insert smart cards, connect cables, tune frequencies, or anyof the other inconveniences usually associated with today's electronicdevices.

Imagine holding your digital camera in one hand and touching a printerwith your other which initiates the transfer of images from your camera toyour printer. In an instant you have downloaded your pictures and areready to print them out without the need for connecting cables andintermediary devices such as a computer.

Intuitive Operations



Device personalization

Personalization of mobile phones :

Your own phone number is allocated & billing commences.

Automatic importing of personal address book and call history.

• Personalization of automobiles :

The seat position and steering wheel height adjust to match thedriver just by sitting in the car.

The driver’s home is set as the destination in the car navigation

system.

The stereo plays the driver's favorite song.

Car alarm systems could also get more secure

using RedTacton.



New behavior patterns :

Tables, walls, floors and chairs can all act as conductors and dielectrics,turning furniture and other architectural elements into a new class of

transmission medium.For example, a user could have instant access to the Internet merely by

placing a laptop onto a conductive tabletop

Marketing applications :

By touching or standing in front of items

they are interested in,

consumers can get more in-depth information.

Inside a shop, shoppers can view related

information on their mobile terminals

immediately after touching a product.



Security applications :

User verification and lock management at entrance: RedTacton could be installed on doors, cabinets and other

locations calling for secure access, such that each secureaccess could be initiated and authenticated with a simple touch

Gun Security: If a RedTacton transceiver were implanted in thegun and programmed to a transceiver worn by a soldier, then

only that soldiercould fire the weapon.

Confidential document

management

User verification and unlocking with just atouch





Instant private data exchange

Touch printer to print

Electronic business cards can be sharedby shaking hands

User verification and unlocking with just a touch





ADVANTAGES

RedTacton does not require the electrode to be in directcontact with the skin.

Can transmit data at a rate higher than that of peertechnologies. (max. of 10Mbps)

RedTacton transceivers are programmable and we candecide what to share with whom and what devices youcommunicate with.

Each communication occurs in separate channels.

Transmission speed does not deteriorate even though thenumber of users increases.



Data loss during transfer is less

Use of minimum amount of power (of some milli-volt

range)

Security is more.

No problem of hackers . It is very hard to pick upstray electronic signals radiating from the body.

More secure than Bluetooth.



COMPARISON WITH OTHER NETWORKS

Wireless communication creates connections when

signals arrive, allowing for easy connections becauseconnectors are unnecessary. However, seen from

another aspect, the arriving signals can be intercepted,so security becomes an issue.

Wired communication transmits data between two

connection points, so interception is difficult andsecurity can be considered to be high. However,connectors and cables are a nuisance.



RedTacton is situated directly between wireless and

wired communication. In other words, RedTacton allowsfor easy connection without connectors, while at thesame time allowing transmission of data only betweentwo contact points. It thus has the feature of being

difficult to intercept.

The focus on ubiquitous service has brought about the

shortening of distances in communication. RedTacton ispositioned as the last 1m solution to ultimate close-rangecommunication



ADVANTAGE OVER BLUETOOTH

RedTacton claims to be able to send data over the humanskin surface at transfer speeds of up to 10Mbps.

Maximum speed offered by Bluetooth is 3Mbps.

According to Tom Zimmerman, inventor of the IBMpersonal networking system, body-based networking ismore secure than broadcast systems , such as Bluetooth,which have a range of about 10m.The issue is that withBluetooth, it is difficult to rein in the signal and restrict it

to the device you are trying to connect to. In a busy placethere could be hundreds of Bluetooth devices withinrange. The signal can be tapped into and used by others.



Transmission devices whose development is in progress.

REDTACTON Transceiver (PC-Card Type)

Transmission rate: 10 Mbps

Protocol: TCP/IP

Transmission method: Half-duplex

Terminal interface: PCMCIA

REDTACTON Transceiver (Hub Type)

Transmission rate:10 Mbps

Protocol: TCP/IP

Transmission method: Half-duplex

External device interface:10BASE-T

USB Transceiver

Transmission rate not yet determined

(in testing stage)



CHALLENGES

The obvious barrier to entry is that the cost and time todevelop HAN TECH. is very expensive.

As a new technology HAN need to gain popularity amongusers to help pull the technology into the marketplace insteadof having it pushed upon them.

Widespread marketing campaigns will need to be developedto highlight the benefits of HAN technology to facilitate itsadoption.

Not useful unless many people adopt it.

It can be useful within few centimeters only.



CONCLUSION

Many areas can benefit from this technology. Human society isentering an era of ubiquitous computing, where everything isnetworked. RedTacton is gearing up to compete with Bluetooth,Zigbee, IrDA (infrared data association).

So we can clearly say that, this technology will spawnrevolutionary changes in the modern communications and become apivot technology. When we compare RedTacton with othertechnologies, RedTacton will give a better performance over other. IfRedTacton is introduced into cyber market it brings a marvelous &tremendous change and will be adopted by many more people.

So, in few years from now everything is going to fall under thissuper technology. And, finally we conclude,

“FUTURE BELONGS TO RED TACTON ”



REFERENCES

[1] Ynet. Kado and M. Shinagawa, "AC electric field communication for human-areaworking," lEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics, Vol. E93-C, No.3, pp.234-243,2010.

[2]URL:www.masternewmedia.org/2003/10/19/wireless body networking at 10.htm

[3] URL:forum.itacumens.com/index.php topic=12720.0

[4] URL:http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/print/2596 [5] W. Diffie and M. E. Hellman, "New Directions in Cryptography;'IEEE Transactions

on Information Theory, Vol. IT-22,No. 6, pp. 644-654, 1976.

http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/print/2596

http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/print/2596

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Red Tact on Final Ppt 100917085151 Phpapp01 Copy