RAMADAN - GPG Dragon Support · Ramadan – Training Month ... [Surah Al-Baqarah, Chapter 2, Verse 183 – 185] Page 7 of 28 Fasting in Ramadan is amongst Five Pillars of Islam

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RAMADAN

The Blessed Month

Revision 2.0

Sha’ban 29, 1432 Hijri

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Table of Contents

Introduction ............................................................................. 4

Ramadan – Training Month ........................................................ 5

Welcome Ramadan ................................................................... 5

Fasting in Ramadan is Obligatory [Fard] ...................................... 6

Fasting in Ramadan is amongst Five Pillars of Islam...................... 7

Virtues of Ramadan .................................................................. 8

Reward of Deeds in Ramadan is doubled .................................. 8

Virtues of Reciting Holy Quran ................................................. 9

Things to do during Ramadan .................................................. 9

Virtues of Fasting ..................................................................... 9

Fasting is Shield .................................................................. 10

Fasting – Source to Rescue from Hellfire................................. 10

Fasting and Reciting Quran will intercede on Judgment Day ...... 11

Honour of Peoples Observing Fast .......................................... 11

Two Pleasures for Fasting Person ........................................... 11

Generosity of our Prophet in Ramadan ...................................... 12

Fasting and its Rulings ............................................................ 13

Start/End Fasting in Ramadan by Sighting Moon ...................... 13

Intention for Fasting ............................................................ 14

Blessing of Sahri [Meal before Fasting] ................................... 14

Timing of Sahri .................................................................... 15

Time between Sahri and Fajar Adhan ..................................... 16

Forgetfully Eating and Drinking ............................................. 16

Vomiting in Fast .................................................................. 17

When to Break Fast? ............................................................ 17

Break Fast with Dates or Water ............................................. 18

Supplication at the time of Fasting ......................................... 18

Forbidden Acts while Fasting ................................................. 18

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Fasting on Two Eids is Forbidden ........................................... 19

Rulings on Intentionally Breaking Fast .................................... 20

Fasting in the Journey .......................................................... 20

Complementary Fasting ........................................................ 20

Night Prayer in Ramadan (Taraweeh) ........................................ 21

Virtue and Rulings ............................................................... 21

Virtues of Umrah (Minor Pilgrimage) in Ramadan ....................... 24

Virtues of Lailatul Qadr ........................................................... 24

Virtues of Worshiping in Lailatul Qadr ..................................... 24

Lailatul Qadr in last Ten Odd Days of Ramadan ....................... 25

Best Supplication in Lailatul Qadr........................................... 26

Aetkaaf [Spending Last Ten Days of Ramadan in Devotion] ......... 27

Rulings on finishing Quran in Less than 3 days ........................... 28

Virtue of 6 Days Fasting in Shawwal ......................................... 28

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Introduction

Ramadan is the 9th month in Islamic lunar calendar, famous due to

its virtues, fasting, revelation of Holy Quran and plenty of blessings

upon Muslims by Almighty Allah. This month is in real one of the

gifts from Almighty Allah to the Muslim Ummah.

The word Ramadan is derived from the Arabic word [رمض] which

means burning away. Why this month is called Ramadan? Some

scholars say when fasting of Ramadan was made obligatory that

month was extremely hot, some say fasting in this month causes

sins being burnt away. Anyhow, fasting of Ramadan was made

obligatory in 2nd Hijari.

In this short article, I will try, with the grace of Almighty Allah, to

summarize necessary aspects and information regarding Ramadan

which is supposed to be known by a Muslim. If there is any mistake

it is from my side and whatever is correct, is blessing of Almighty

Allah…

Ghulam Rasool,

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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Ramadan – Training Month

There are many benefits of observing fast in Ramadan, which may

include;

1) Unity of Ummah: After Hajj, we can see another good

example for unity of Ummah i.e keeping fast in the same month

during Ramadan.

2) Training Session: Ramadan is like a yearly training session for

the Muslims in order to make them stronger in developing fear of

Almighty Allah [Taqwa]. How Taqwa is developed by fasting? A

person refrains from eating, drinking and other allowed matters

during fast, even someone is not looking at him and he is alone but

he knows that Almighty Allah is watching his actions. So fear,

greatness, supervision of Almighty Allah makes a man mutaqqi.

3) Refraining from Haram is easy in other days: If a person

refrains from allowed things during fasting for a whole month, then

it is not difficult for him to keep away from prohibited [haram]

matters in routine life other than Ramadan.

4) Feeling pain for problem faced by Muslim Ummah: During

fasting when a person feels hungry, then he would feel the pain of

poor and needy man in general, and in along rung it is psychological

training towards good and bad to this Ummah is also his problem,

to resolve them he should take active part in helping his brothers

and sisters in Islam.

Welcome Ramadan

The Prophet Muhammad (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said whenever

the first night of Ramadan arrives the doors of Paradise are opened

and none are closed, the doors of the hellfire are locked and none

are opened, the devils are shackled, and a caller calls out, 'O seeker

of good embark (upon goodness), and O seeker of evil abstain

(from evilness)', and Allah frees inhabitants from the fire, and that

is every night."

[Sunan Tirmizi, Sunan Ibn Majah]

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Fasting in Ramadan is Obligatory [Fard]

ا يا يه أ ذي ب آنوا ال كت ي كو صيام عل كها ال ي على كتب ذ ال ب لكو ن كو ق لعل وى تق ت

O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, as it was

prescribed for those before you, so that you may guard (against

evil).

انا ي ودات أ فه نع د و كاى ك يضا ن و نز على أ ة سفز ام ن فعد ي أ ى أخز ي وعل ذ ه ال وي طيق ي

ة ام فد ي ي طع ه نس ك ف ع و ي زا تط خ ي ز فهو خ ه ى ل صونوا وأ ي ز ت و خ ك ى ل تو إ ك وى تع له

For a certain number of days; but whoever among you is sick or on

a journey, then (he shall fast) a (like) number of other days; and

those who are not able to do it may effect a redemption by feeding

a poor man; so whoever does good spontaneously it is better for

him; and that you fast is better for you if you know.

شه ز رنضاى ي ذ ال ل ه أيز ي ف ل قز آى س هد ى ا ا وبيات لل ى ن ى ال هد ز قا ه وال ف ف كو شهد ن

لشه ز ون فل يصه ه ا يضا كاى و نز فز على أ ة س د فع ن أيام أخز يد يز ه بكو الل س ز ال ي ول يد يز

س ز بكو تك هلوا ال ع ول ة تكبزوا ال عد ول ه داكو نا على الل و ه ك لعل و وى تش كز

The month of Ramadan is that in which the Quran was revealed, a

guidance to men and clear proofs of the guidance and the

distinction; therefore whoever of you is present in the month, he

shall fast therein, and whoever is sick or upon a journey, then (he

shall fast) a (like) number of other days; Allah desires ease for you,

and He does not desire for you difficulty, and (He desires) that you

should complete the number and that you should exalt the

greatness of Allah for His having guided you and that you may give

thanks.

[Surah Al-Baqarah, Chapter 2, Verse 183 – 185]

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Fasting in Ramadan is amongst Five Pillars of Islam

Narrated Abdullah Ibn Umar, Allah's Apostle said Islam is based on

(the following) five (principles):

1. To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah

and Muhammad is Allah's Apostle.

2. To offer the (5 compulsory congregational) prayers dutifully and perfectly

3. To pay Zakat (Obligatory charity)

4. To perform Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca)

5. To observe Fast during the month of Ramadan

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 1, Belief :: Volume 2 :: Hadith 7

Narrated Talha bin Ubaid-Ullah: A Bedouin with unkempt hair came

to Allah's Apostle and said, "O Allah's Apostle! Inform me what Allah

has made compulsory for me as regards the prayers." He replied: "You have to offer perfectly the five compulsory prayers in a day

and night (24 hours), unless you want to pray Nawafil." The Bedouin further asked, "Inform me what Allah has made

compulsory for me as regards fasting." He replied, "You have to fast during the whole month of Ramadan, unless you want to fast more

as Nawafil." The Bedouin further asked, "Tell me how much Zakat

Allah has enjoined on me." Thus, Allah's Apostle informed him about all the rules (i.e. fundamentals) of Islam. The Bedouin then said,

"By Him Who has honored you, I will neither perform any Nawafil nor will I decrease what Allah has enjoined on me. Allah's Apostle

said, "If he is saying the truth, he will succeed (or he will be granted Paradise)."

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 3 :: Volume 31 :: Hadith 115

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Virtues of Ramadan

The Prophet Muhammad (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said, "He who

fasts Ramadan believing in Allah and hoping for His reward, Allah

will forgive what has proceeded from his sins, He who stands in

prayer in the month of Ramadan believing in Allah and hoping for

His reward, Allah will forgive what has proceeded from his sins, and

He who stands in prayer on the 'Lailatul Qadr' believing in Allah and

hoping for His reward, Allah will forgive what has proceeded from

his sins"

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 3, Fasting :: Volume 31 :: Hadith 125

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "When Ramadan begins,

the gates of Paradise are opened."


Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "When the month of Ramadan starts, the gates of the heaven are opened and the gates

of Hell are closed and the devils are chained."


Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam)

as saying: When there comes the month of Ramadan, the gates of mercy are opened, and the gates of Hell are locked and the devils

are chained.

Sahih Muslim :: Book 6, The Book of Fasting :: Hadith 2361

Reward of Deeds in Ramadan is doubled

The Prophet (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said whoever draws near to

Allah in Ramadan with good habits and practices, it is as if he has

offered an obligatory action in other than Ramadan, and the one

who fulfills an obligatory action it is as if he has performed 70

obligatory actions in other than Ramadan.

[Sahih Ibn Khuzaimah]

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Virtues of Reciting Holy Quran

The Prophet Muhammad (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said: Whoever

reads a single letter from Allah's Book will receive a blessing (for

each letter) and each blessing is worth ten times its value.

[Sunan Ibn Majah and Sunan Tirmizi]

Things to do during Ramadan

We should strive hard in this month with many types of worship and

good deeds as outlined in the Quran and Sunnah of beloved Prophet

Muhammad (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) such as optional prayers,

reading and learning the Quran and Hadith, praising, hailing,

thanking, and glorifying Allah, seeking his forgiveness, supplicating,

ordering with good and forbidding the evil, calling others to Allah

the Mighty and Sublime, comforting the poor, obeying the parents,

enjoining the ties of relationships, being hospitable to the

neighbors, visiting the sick etc.

Virtues of Fasting

ى إ هس لهي ي وال هس لهات ال ؤ ن وال ه ات ؤ ن وال ه تي ي تات وال قا ل قاي وا قي اد قات والص اد والص

ي بز ا والص بزات ا ي والص شع عات وال خا ي وال خاش دق قات وال هتص وال هتصد ئهي ا لص وا

ئهات ا ي والص ظ و وال حاف وجه فز فظات ي وال حا لذاكز وا ه كثيزا الل اكزات ذ وال ه أعد و الل له

ة غ فز ا ن ج ز يها وأ عظ

Surely the men who submit and the women who submit, and the

believing men and the believing women, and the obeying men and

the obeying women, and the truthful men and the truthful women,

and the patient men and the patient women and the humble men

and the humble women, and the almsgiving men and the

almsgiving women, and the fasting men and the fasting women,

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and the men who guard their private parts and the women who

guard, and the men who remember Allah much and the women who

remember-- Allah has prepared for them forgiveness and a mighty

reward.

[Surah Ahzaab, Chapter 33, Verse 35]

Fasting is Shield


as saying: Fasting is a shield.


Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "Fasting is a shield (or a

screen or a shelter). So, the person observing fasting should avoid

sexual relation with his wife and should not behave foolishly and

impudently, and if somebody fights with him or abuses him, he

should tell him twice, 'I am fasting." The Prophet added, "By Him in

Whose Hands my soul is, the smell coming out from the mouth of a

fasting person is better in the sight of Allah than the smell of musk.

(Allah says about the fasting person), 'He has left his food, drink

and desires for My sake, the fast is for Me, so I will reward (the

fasting person) for it and the reward of good deeds is multiplied ten

times."


Fasting – Source to Rescue from Hellfire

Abu Sa'id al Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's

Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) as saying: Every servant of Allah who observes fast for a day in the way of Allah, Allah would

remove, because of this day, his face farther from the Fire (of Hell) to the extent of seventy years' distance.


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Fasting and Reciting Quran will intercede on Judgment Day

The Prophet Muhammad (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said Fasting

and the Quran will intercede for the slave on the Day of Judgment.

Fast will say, 'O My Lord! I stopped this person from eating,

drinking and other desires so accept my intercession for him.' The

Quran will say, 'O my Lord! I stopped this person from sleep (for

Qiyaam) so accept my intercession for him.' Both the intercessions

will be accepted.

[Musnad Ahmad and Tabrani]

Honour of Peoples Observing Fast

Narrated Sahl: The Prophet said, "There is a gate in Paradise called

Ar-Rayyan, and those who observe fasts will enter through it on the Day of Resurrection and none except them will enter through it. It

will be said, 'Where are those who used to observe fasts?' They will get up, and none except them will enter through it. After their entry

the gate will be closed and nobody will enter through it."


Sahl b. Sa'd (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger

(SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) as saying: In Paradise there is a gate which is called Rayyan through which only the observers of fast

would enter on the Day on Resurrection. None else would enter along with them. It would be proclaimed: Where are the observers

of fast that they should be admitted into it? -and when the last of them would enter, it would be closed and no one would enter it.


Two Pleasures for Fasting Person

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "Allah said, 'All the

deeds of Adam's sons (people) are for them, except fasting which is for Me, and I will give the reward for it.' Fasting is a shield or

protection from the fire and from committing sins. If one of you is

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fasting, he should avoid sexual relation with his wife and quarreling,

and if somebody should fight or quarrel with him, he should say, 'I am fasting.' By Him in Whose Hands my soul is' The unpleasant

smell coming out from the mouth of a fasting person is better in the sight of Allah than the smell of musk. There are two pleasures for

the fasting person, one at the time of breaking his fast, and the other at the time when he will meet his Lord; then he will be

pleased because of his fasting."



as saying: Allah the Exalted and Majestic said: Every act of the son of Adam is for him, except fasting. It is (exclusively) meant for Me

and I (alone) will reward it. Fasting is a shield. When any one of you is fasting on a day, he should neither indulge in obscene language,

nor raise the voice; or if anyone reviles him or tries to quarrel with

him he should say: I am a person fasting. By Him, in Whose Hand is the life of Muhammad, the breath of the observer of fast is sweeter

to Allah on the Day of judgment than the fragrance of musk. The one who fasts has two (occasions) of joy, one when he breaks the

fast he is glad with the breaking of (the fast) and one when he meets his Lord he is glad with his fast.

Muslim :: Book 6, The Book of Fasting :: Hadith 2566

Generosity of our Prophet in Ramadan

Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet was the most generous amongst the people, and he used to be more so in the month of Ramadan

when Gabriel visited him, and Gabriel used to meet him on every night of Ramadan till the end of the month. The Prophet used to

recite the Holy Qur'an to Gabriel, and when Gabriel met him, he used to be more generous than a fast wind (which causes rain and

welfare).


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Fasting and its Rulings

Start/End Fasting in Ramadan by Sighting Moon

Narrated Ibn Umar: I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "When you see

the crescent (of the month of Ramadan), start fasting, and when you see the crescent (of the month of Shawwal), stop fasting; and if

the sky is overcast (and you can't see It) then regard the crescent (month) of Ramadan (as of 30 days)".


Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) as saying in connection with

Ramadan: Do not fast till you see the new moon, and do not breakfast till you see it; but if the weather is cloudy calculate about

it.


This hadith is narrated on the authority of Ubaidullah with the same chain of transmitters, and he said: If (the sky) is cloudy for you,

then calculate thirty days (for the month of Ramadan).


Narrated Abdullah bin Umar: Allah's Apostle mentioned Ramadan

and said, "Do not fast unless you see the crescent (of Ramadan), and do not give up fasting till you see the crescent (of Shawwal),

but if the sky is overcast (if you cannot see it), then act on estimation (i.e. count Sha'ban as 30 days)."


Narrated Ibn Umar: The Prophet said, "We are an illiterate nation; we neither write, nor know accounts. The month is like this and

this, i.e. sometimes of 29 days and sometimes of thirty days."

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Intention for Fasting

Narrated Hafsa, mother of believes (Allah be pleased with her) the

Apostle of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said: He who does not

determine to fast before dawn does not fast.

Abu Dawud :: Book 13, Fasting : Hadith 2448

Blessing of Sahri [Meal before Fasting]

Narrated Al-Irbad ibn Sariyyah: The Apostle of Allah (SallAllahu

alaihi wasallam) invited me to a meal shortly before dawn in Ramadan saying: Come to the blessed morning meal.


Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet said, "Take Suhur as there is a blessing in it."


Anas (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) as saying: Take meal a little before

dawn, for there is a blessing in taking meal at that time.


Amr b. al-'As reported Allah's Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi

wasallam) as saying: The difference between our fasting and that of

the people of the Book is eating shortly before dawn.


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Timing of Sahri

ا لو ى واش زبوا وك ت ح بي ت ي لكو ي ط ب يض ال خ ي ط ن األ األس ود ال خ ن ل فج ز و ا هوا ث ت يام أ الص

ى لي ل إل ال

…. and eat and drink until the whiteness of the day becomes distinct from the blackness of the night at dawn, then complete the fast till

night ….

[Surah Baqarah, Chapter 2, Verse 187]

Zaid b. Thabit (Allah be pleased with him) said: We took meal

shortly before dawn along with the Messenger of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam). We then stood up for prayer. I said: How much

span of time was there between the two (acts, i. e. taking of Sahri and observing of prayer)? He said (a span of reciting) fifty verses.


Narrated 'Adi bin Hatim: When the above verses were revealed:

'Until the white thread appears to you, distinct from the black thread,' I took two (hair) strings, one black and the other white,

and kept them under my pillow and went on looking at them throughout the night but could not make anything out of it. So, the

next morning I went to Allah's Apostle and told him the whole story. He explained to me, "That verse means the darkness of the night

and the whiteness of the dawn."


Narrated Sahl bin Saud: When the following verses were revealed: 'Eat and drink until the white thread appears to you, distinct from

the black thread' and of dawn was not revealed, some people who intended to fast, tied black and white threads to their legs and went

on eating till they differentiated between the two. Allah then revealed the words, 'of dawn', and it became clear that meant night

and day.


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Time between Sahri and Fajar Adhan

Narrated Anas: Zaid bin Thabit said, "We took the Suhur with the

Prophet, then he stood for the prayer." I asked, "What was the interval between the Suhur and the Adhan?" He replied, "The

interval was sufficient to recite fifty verses of the Quran."


Forgetfully Eating and Drinking

Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "If somebody eats or

drinks forgetfully then he should complete his fast, for what he has eaten or drunk, has been given to him by Allah." Narrated 'Amir bin

Rabi'a, "I saw the Prophet cleaning his teeth with Siwak while he was fasting so many times as I can't count." And narrated Abu

Huraira, "The Prophet said, but for my fear that it would be hard for my followers, I would have ordered them to clean their teeth with

Siwak on every performance of ablution.

Ayesha said, "The Prophet said, "It (i.e. Siwak) is a purification for

the mouth and it is a way of seeking Allah's pleasures." Ata' and Qatada said, "There is no harm in swallowing the resultant saliva."



as saying: If anyone forgets that he is fasting and eats or drinks he should complete his fast, for it is only Allah Who has fed him and

given him drink.


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Vomiting in Fast

The Prophet (sallAllahu alaihi wasallam), whoever vomits (naturally)

need not make up the fast and whoever induces vomiting must

make up the fast."

[Ahmed and Ibn Majah]

When to Break Fast?

Narrated Ibn Abi Aufa: We were in the company of Allah's Apostle on a journey. He said to a man, "Get down and mix Sawiq

(powdered barley) with water for me." The man said, "The sun (has

not set yet), O Allah's Apostle." The Prophet again said to him, "Get down and mix Sawiq with water for me." The man again said, "O

Allah's Apostle! The sun!" The Prophet said to him (for the third time) "Get down and mix Sawiq with water for me." The man

dismounted and mixed Sawiq with water for him. The Prophet drank it and then beckoned with his hand (towards the East) and said,

"When you see the night falling from this side, then a fasting person should break his fast."


Narrated Umar bin Al-Khattab: Allah's Apostle said, "When night

falls from this side and the day vanishes from this side and the sun sets, then the fasting person should break his fast."


Narrated Sahl bin Sad: Allah's Apostle said, "The people will remain on the right path as long as they hasten the breaking of the fast."


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Break Fast with Dates or Water

Narrated Anas ibn Malik: The Apostle of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi

wasallam) used to break his fast before praying with some fresh

dates; but if there were no fresh dates, he had a few dry dates, and

if there were no dry dates, he took some mouthfuls of water.


Supplication at the time of Fasting

Narrated from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Prophet (SallAllahu alaihi

wasallam) said when he broke his fast: Thirst has gone, the arteries

are moist, and the reward is sure, if Allah wills.

العروق ، وثبت األجر إن شاء هللا وابتلتذهب الظمأ ،


Forbidden Acts while Fasting

Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "Whoever does not give up

forged speech and evil actions, Allah is not in need of his leaving his

food and drink (i.e. Allah will not accept his fasting.)"


Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported: When any one of

you gets up in the morning in the state of fasting, he should neither

use obscene language nor do any act of ignorance. And if anyone slanders him or quarrels with him, he should say:" I am fasting, I

am fasting."


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as saying: Allah the Exalted and Majestic said: Every act of the son of Adam is for him, except fasting. It is (exclusively) meant for Me

and I (alone) will reward it. Fasting is a shield. When any one of you is fasting on a day, he should neither indulge in obscene language,

nor raise the voice; or if anyone reviles him or tries to quarrel with him he should say: I am a person fasting.


"Perhaps a person fasting will receive nothing from his fasting

except hunger and thirst."

[Meshkat Takhreej by Nasir ud Din Albani, Hadith No. 1956,

Ibn Majah, Sunan Ad-Darimi, Musnad Ahmad and al-Bayhaqi]

Fasting on Two Eids is Forbidden

Narrated Abu Sa'id: The Prophet forbade the fasting of Eid-ul-Fitr

and 'Id-ul-Adha (two feast days) and also the wearing of As-Samma' (a single garment covering the whole body), and sitting

with one's leg drawn up while being wrapped in one garment. He also forbade the prayers after the Fajr (morning) and the 'Asr

(afternoon) prayers.


Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: (who fought in twelve Ghazawat in the

company of the Prophet), I heard four things from the Prophet and they won my admiration. He said;

1. "No lady should travel on a journey of two days except with her husband or a Dhi-Mahram;

2. "No fasting is permissible on the two days of Eid-ul-Fitr and

Eid-ul-Adha;

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3. "No prayer (may be offered) after the morning compulsory

prayer until the sun rises; and no prayer after the 'Asr prayer till the sun sets;

4. "One should travel only for visiting three Masajid (Mosques):

Masjid-ul-Haram (Mecca), Masjid-ul-Aqsa (Jerusalem), and this (my) Mosque (at Medina)."


Rulings on Intentionally Breaking Fast

Humaid b. Abd al-Rahman reported that Abu Huraira had narrated

to him that the Apostle of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) commanded the person (who) broke the fast in Ramadan to free a

slave or observe fasts for two (consecutive) months or feed sixty

poor persons.


Fasting in the Journey

Ayesha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that Hamza b. Amr al-

Aslami asked the Messenger of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam)

thus: Messenger of Allah, I am a person devoted much to fasting. Should I fast during the journey? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Fast if

you like and break it if you like.


Complementary Fasting

Abdullah Bin Amr (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported: The Messenger of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said to me: I

have been informed that you stand for prayer the whole of night

and fast during the day. I said: I do that, whereupon he said: If you did that you in fact strained heavily your eyes and made yourself

weak. There is a right of your eyes (upon you) and a right of yourself (upon you) and a right of your family (upon you). Stand for

prayer and sleep, observe fasts and break (them).


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Abdullah Bin Amr (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported Allah's Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) as saying: With Allah

the best fasting is that of David and the best prayer is that of David (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) for he slept half of the night and stood

for prayer for the third of it and (then) slept the sixth part of it and he observed fast one day and broke on the other.


Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that he (the

Messenger of Allah) was asked as to which prayer was most

excellent after the prescribed prayer, and which fast was most excellent after the month of Ramadan. He said: Prayer offered in

the middle of the night and the most excellent fast after (fasting) in the month of Ramadan is the fast in God's month al-Muharram.


Night Prayer in Ramadan (Taraweeh)

Virtue and Rulings

Narrated Abu Huraira: I heard Allah's Apostle saying regarding

Ramadan, Whoever prayed at night in it (the month of Ramadan)

out of sincere Faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his

previous sins will be forgiven.

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 3, Praying at Night in Ramadan

(Taraweeh) :: Volume 32 :: Hadith 226

Abu Hurayra narrated that Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to exhort people to watch the night in

prayer in Ramadan but never ordered it definitely. He used to say, "Whoever watches the night in prayer in Ramadan with trust and

expectancy, will be forgiven all his previous wrong actions."

Malik :: Book 6, Prayer in Ramadan: Hadith 6.1.2

Page 22 of 28

Narrated Ayesha, the mother of the faithful believers: One night

Allah's Apostle offered the prayer in the Mosque and the people followed him. The next night he also offered the prayer and too

many people gathered. On the third and the fourth nights more

people gathered, but Allah's Apostle did not come out to them. In the morning he said, "I saw what you were doing and nothing but

the fear that it (i.e. the prayer) might be enjoined on you, stopped me from coming to you." And that happened in the month of

Ramadan.

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 2, Prayer at Night (Tahajjud) :: Volume 21 :: Hadith 229

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-

Zubayr from A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless

him and grant him peace, prayed in the mosque one night and people prayed behind him. Then he prayed the next night and there

were more people. Then they gathered on the third or fourth night and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him

peace, did not come out to them. In the morning, he said, "I saw what you were doing and the only thing that prevented me from

coming out to you was that I feared that it would become obligatory (Fard) for you." This happened in Ramadan.

Malik :: Book 6, Prayer in Ramadan : Hadith 6.1.1

Malik related to me from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that

Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abd al-Qari said, "I went out with Umar ibn alKhattab in Ramadan to the mosque and the people there were

spread out in groups. Some men were praying by themselves, whilst others were praying in small groups. Umar said, 'By Allah! It

would be better in my opinion if these people gathered behind one reciter.' So he gathered them behind Ubayy ibn Kab. Then I went

out with him another night and the people were praying behind their Qur'an reciter. Umar said, 'How excellent this new way is, but

what you miss while you are asleep is better than what you watch

in prayer.' He meant the end of the night, and people used to watch the beginning of the night in prayer."


Page 23 of 28

Narrated Abdullah bin Umar: A man said, "O Allah's Apostle! How is

the prayer of the night?" He said, "Two Rakat followed by two Rakat and so on, and when you apprehend the approaching dawn, offer

one Rakah as Witr."

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 2, Prayer at Night (Tahajjud) :: Volume

21 :: Hadith 238

Narrated Abu Salma bin Abdur Rahman: I asked Ayesha, "How is

the prayer of Allah's Apostle during the month of Ramadan." She

said, "Allah's Apostle never exceeded eleven Rakat in Ramadan or in other months; he used to offer four Rakat -- do not ask me about

their beauty and length, then four Rakat, do not ask me about their beauty and length, and then three Rakat." Ayesha further said, "I

said, 'O Allah's Apostle! Do you sleep before offering the Witr prayer?' He replied, 'O 'Ayesha! My eyes sleep but my heart

remains awake'!"

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 2, Prayer at Night (Tahajjud) :: Volume

21 :: Hadith 248

Yahya related to me from Malik from Muhammad ibn Yusuf that as-

Sa'ib ibn Yazid said, "Umar ibn al-Khattab ordered Ubayy ibn Kab

and Tamim ad-Dari to watch the night in prayer with the people for eleven Rakahs. The reciter of the Qur'an would recite the Mi'in (a

group of medium-sized suras) until we would be leaning on our staffs from having stood so long in prayer. And we would not leave

until the approach of dawn."


Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle (P.B.U.H) said, "Our Lord, the Blessed, the Superior, comes every night down on the nearest

Heaven to us when the last third of the night remains, saying: "Is there anyone to invoke Me, so that I may respond to invocation? Is

there anyone to ask Me, so that I may grant him his request? Is

there anyone seeking My forgiveness, so that I may forgive him?"

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 2, Prayer at Night (Tahajjud) :: Volume 21 :: Hadith 246

Page 24 of 28

Virtues of Umrah (Minor Pilgrimage) in Ramadan

Narrated Ata: I heard Ibn Abbas saying, "Allah's Apostle asked an Ansari woman (Ibn Abbas named her but 'Ata' forgot her name),

'What prevented you from performing Hajj with us?' She replied,

'We have a camel and the father of so-and-so and his son (i.e. her husband and her son) rode it and left one camel for us to use for

irrigation.' He said (to her), 'Perform 'Umra when Ramadan comes, for 'Umra in Ramadan is equal to Hajj (in reward),' or said

something similar."

Sahih Bukhari :: Book 3, Minor Pilgrimage (Umrah) :: Volume 27 :: Hadith 10

Virtues of Lailatul Qadr

ا ي ل اه إ يز ة يف أ ي ل ل قد ر ل ا

ا ون اك ا أد ر ة ن ي ل ل قد ر ل ا

ة ي ل ي ز ال قد ر ل ل ف ن خ شه ز أ

زل ة ت ئك ال هلا زوح ا وال يه إذ ى ف هو ب ب ر ن ل أن ز ك

ام ي سل ى ه ت ال فج ز نط لع ح

Surely We revealed it on the grand night. And what will make you comprehend what the grand night. The grand night is better than a

thousand months. The angels and Gibreel descend in it by the permission of their Lord for every affair, Peace! it is till the break of

the morning.

[Sura Qadr, Chapter 97, Verses 1-5]

Virtues of Worshiping in Lailatul Qadr

Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "Whoever established prayers on the night of Qadr out of sincere faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven; and

whoever fasts in the month of Ramadan out of sincere faith, and

hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven."


Page 25 of 28

Lailatul Qadr in last Ten Odd Days of Ramadan

The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) said that (Lailatul Qadr) was shown to

me on an odd (night).

Sahih Muslim :: Book 6, The Book of Fasting : Hadith 2627

Zirr b. Habaish reported: I asked Ubayy b. Ka'b (Allah be pleased with him): Your brother (in faith) Ibn Mas'ud says: He who stands

(for the night prayer) throughout the year would find Lailatul Qadr, whereupon he said: May Allah have mercy upon him; (he said these

words) with the intention that people might not rely only (on one

night), whereas he knew that it (Lailatul Qadr) is in the month of Ramadan and it is the twenty-seventh night. He then took oath that

it was the twenty-seventh night. I said to him: Abu Mundhir, on what ground do you say that? Thereupon he said: By the indication

or by the sign which the Messenger of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) gave us, and that is that on that day (the sun) would rise

without having any ray in it.


Zirr b. Hubaish reported that Ubayy b. Ka'b (Allah be pleased with

him) said about Lailatul Qadr: By Allah, I know well about it. Shu'ba said: To the best of my knowledge it was the twenty-seventh night

for which the Messenger of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) commanded us to stand for prayer. Shu'ba doubted these words:

That it was the night for which the Messenger of Allah (SallAllahu

alaihi wasallam) commanded us to stand for prayer. And (he further) said: This was narrated to me by a friend of mine from him

(the Holy Prophet).


Abdullah Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that some

persons among the Companions of the Apostle of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) were shown Lailatul Qadr while sleeping in the last

week (of Ramadan). Thereupon Allah's Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi

Page 26 of 28

wasallam) said: I see that your dreams agree regarding the last

week; so he who wants to seek it should seek it in the last week (during the night).

Muslim :: Book 6, The Book of Fasting : Hadith 2617

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) as saying: Seek Lailatul Qadr in the last

week (of Ramadan).


Salim reported on the authority of his father that a person saw

Lailatul Qadr on the 27th (of Ramadan). Thereupon Allah's Apostle

(SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said: I see that your dreams agree regarding the last ten (nights of Ramadan). So seek it on an odd

number (of these ten nights).


Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger

(SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) as saying: Seek it (Lailatul Qadr) in the

last (ten nights). If one among you shows slackness and weakness (in the earlier part of Ramadan), it should not be allowed to prevail

upon him in the last week.


Best Supplication in Lailatul Qadr

Narrated Ayesha, the mother of believers that I said O Allah’s

Apostle, if I know that it is Lailatul Qadr then what should I

supplicate. The Prophet replied say this:

فاعف عني العفو تحبكريم عفو إنك اللهم

[Sahih Sunan Tirmizi by Albani, Hadith No. 3513]

Page 27 of 28

Aetkaaf [Spending Last Ten Days of Ramadan in Devotion]

Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's

Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) spent in devotion (in i'tikaf)

the middle ten nights of the month of Ramadan, and when twenty

nights were over and it was the twenty-first night, he went back to

his residence and those who were along with him also returned (to

their respective residences). He spent one month in devotion. Then

he addressed the people on the night he came back (to his

residence) and commanded them as Allah desired (him to

command) and then said: I used to devote myself (observe i'tikaf)

during these ten (nights). Then I started devoting myself in the last

ten (nights). And he who desires to observe i'tikaf along with me

should spend the night) at his place of i'tikaf.


Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that the Apostle of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) used to observe i'tikaf

in the last ten days of Ramadan.


Ayesha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) used to observe i'tikaf in the last

ten days of Ramadan.


Ayesha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that when the last ten

nights began Allah's Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) kept awake at night (for prayer and devotion), wakened his family, and

prepared himself to observe prayer (with more vigour).


Page 28 of 28

Ayesha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that Allah's Messenger

(SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) used to exert himself in devotion during the last ten nights to a greater extent than at any other time.


Rulings on finishing Quran in Less than 3 days

Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: Yazid ibn Abdullah said that Abdullah ibn Amr asked the Prophet (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam): In

how many days should I complete the recitation of the whole Qur'an, Apostle of Allah? He replied: In one month. He said: I am

more energetic to complete it in a period less than this. He kept on repeating these words and lessening the period until he said:

Complete its recitation in seven days. He again said: I am more energetic to complete it in a period less than this.

The Prophet (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) said: He who finishes the

recitation of the Qur'an in less than three days does not understand it.

Abu Dawud :: Book 6, Prayer (Kitab Al-Salat): Detailed Injunctions about Ramadan : Hadith 1385

Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: The Prophet (SallAllahu alaihi

wasallam) said: He who recites the Qur'an in a period less than

three days does not understand it.

Abu Dawud :: Book 6, Prayer (Kitab Al-Salat): Detailed

Injunctions about Ramadan : Hadith 1389

Virtue of 6 Days Fasting in Shawwal

Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's

Messenger (SallAllahu alaihi wasallam) as saying: He who observed the fast of Ramadan and then followed it with six (fasts) of

Shawwal, it would be as if he fasted perpetually.

Sahih Muslim :: Book 6, Prayer in Ramadan : Hadith 2614

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