Questions for discussion

Health deal 1. Discuss the main issues raised in this story with another student. 2. What are some of the problems with Australia’s public hospital system? 3. Complete the following sentence: The task of running the hospital system is

split between… 4. Describe the changes to the way money is distributed to hospitals. 5. Hospitals will now be paid for each procedure they do. True or false? 6. What else has the Federal Government promised to do? 7. What sort of performance targets will hospitals need to reach? 8. Why are some people concerned about the plan? 9. What do you think about the new plan for the hospital system? 10. What are some other ways the hospital system could be improved?

Write a message about the story and post it on the BtN guestbook http://abc.net.au/btn/guestbook.html

Organ donation

1. Why did Tyla need a double lung transplant? 2. What were the symptoms of her illness? 3. Which organs and tissues can be donated? 4. What are the steps involved in the transplant process? 5. Why does the patient need to take special medication after a transplant? 6. How old do you have to be to register as an organ donor? 7. What do younger people have to do if they want to be organ donors? 8. One person donating can save up to _________ lives. 9. Do you think parents should have the final say whether their children are

organ donors? Explain your answer. 10. Has you thinking changed since watching the BtN story? Explain your answer.

`Should relatives be allowed to overturn the wishes of an organ donor?’ Vote in the BtN online poll http://www.abc.net.au/btn/

New taste 1. Describe an achacha using words or pictures. 2. What are the nutritional benefits of the fruit? 3. Achacha’s are native to which country? 4. How do the kids in the BtN story describe the taste of the fruit? 5. What does achacha mean? 6. Why was the name of the fruit changed? 7. What were kiwi fruit originally called? 8. Why is marketing an important aspect of selling a new product? 9. Why isn’t it available everywhere?

EPISODE 3

22ND

FEBRUARY 2010

10. How would you get people to buy the achacha?

Students will design a logo to help sell the achacha. Discuss and share a range of logos that are successful (Mercedes, Apple computers, Nike). Try to identify what makes them successful. Working in groups, design a logo for the achacha and display them in the class.

Country music

1. Briefly summarise the BtN Country music story. 2. Brainstorm a list of words you associate with country music. 3. Retell Melody Feder’s success as a country music performer. 4. Where and when did country music start? 5. Which instruments helped develop the country music sound? 6. What do a lot of modern country music performers sing about? 7. What are some of the key ingredients in a country music song? 8. About how many country music albums were sold in the US last year? 9. How is country music celebrated in Australia? 10. Why do you think country music is so popular?

Test your knowledge in the online country music quiz. Go to the BtN website and follow the links.

BMX freesytle 1. Retell the BtN BMX freestyle story. 2. Complete the following sentence: `BMX freestyle will be a display sport at

the…’ 3. In your own words, describe BMX freestyle. 4. What are the different areas BMX freestyle riders can specialise in? 5. How is BMX racing different? 6. Describe the dangers of BMX sport. 7. What character traits do you think a BMX rider needs? 8. In which decade was BMX riding popular? 9. What do you think is the future of the sport? 10. What do you now know about BMX sport that you didn’t know before

watching the BtN story?

Create a quiz, crossword or word search about BMX sport using facts from the BtN

story.

Organ donation Focus Questions

11. Why did Tyla need a double lung transplant? 12. What were the symptoms of her illness? 13. Which organs and tissues can be donated? 14. What are the steps involved in the transplant process? 15. Why does the patient need to take special medication after a transplant? 16. How old do you have to be to register as an organ donor? 17. What do younger people have to do if they want to be organ donors? 18. One person donating can save up to _________ lives. 19. Do you think parents should have the final say whether their children are

organ donors? Explain your answer. 20. Has you thinking changed since watching the BtN story? Explain your answer.

Organ donation Word warm-up

Choose five key words from the BtN Organ donation transcript.

How were they used in the story?

What other meanings, information or synonyms are there for the key

words?

Illustrate them if possible and write another sentence for each word.

Students will explore organ donation in more detail. Encourage them to display

their research using an interactive whiteboard. They can choose one or more of

the following activities:

Working in pairs, discuss how a donor’s family may be feeling including concerns they may have. Record the main points of your discussion and share them with the class.

`Parents should have the final say about whether their children donate organs.’ Hold a mini debate about the statement.

EPISODE 3

22ND

FEBRUARY 2011

Learning Area

Health and Physical Education

Key learning

Students will develop an understanding of organ donation and how it impacts on individuals and families.

What are the issues that impact on organ donation? Record your ideas on a concept map with organ donation at the centre.

What is xenotransplantation? Briefly describe what it is, future uses and issues associated with it.

Students consider arguments for and against the following statement: Smokers should be considered to receive an organ transplant. Arguments in favour could include: All people contribute to Medicare and are therefore entitled and all people should be treated equal. Arguments against could include: Mostly self inflicted so they don’t deserve another chance and the cost to the health system. Once the arguments for and against have been outlined, choose which argument you are inclined to agree with and state why.

Discuss with at partner whether you would choose to donate organ/s and why or why not.

Related Research Links

ABC News – Tasmanians top organ donors

http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/01/19/3116363.htm

Donate Life – Official website

http://www.donatelife.gov.au/

Medicare Australia – Australian Organ Donation

http://www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/public/services/aodr/index.jsp

Victorian Government – Organ donation

http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Organ_Donor_R

egistry

New taste Focus Questions

1. Describe an achacha using words or pictures. 2. What are the nutritional benefits of the fruit? 3. Achacha’s are native to which country? 4. How do the kids in the BtN story describe the taste of the fruit? 5. What does achacha mean? 6. Why was the name of the fruit changed? 7. What were kiwi fruit originally called? 8. Why is marketing an important aspect of selling a new product? 9. Why isn’t it available everywhere? 10. How would you get people to buy the achacha?

New taste

The brief:

Create a print, television, radio or online advertisement that increases the profile

and sales of the achacha.

Ask students to recall any print or television fruit advertisements. Discuss the ads

with students using the following questions to focus the discussion:

What makes you remember the advertisement?

What strategies/techniques were used to sell the fruit?

Does the advertisement motivate you to try the product? Why?

Working in pairs, students can begin working out how they will sell the achacha to

Australia. They may find it useful to visit the websites at the end of this activity

sheet to find out more information about the fruit.

Key questions to consider:

Who is the target audience (the demographic)?

What are the benefits /features of the achacha?

What techniques will you use to sell the achacha (jingle, slogan, animation,

humour)?

What strategies could be used as a follow-up to the advertisement? For

example, free give-aways in schools.

Students can present their ideas in the form of a storyboard (showing action,

characters and dialogue) or a poster, brochure or Power Point presentation.

EPISODE 3

22ND

FEBRUARY 2011

Learning Areas

English and The Arts

Key learning

Students will create an advertisement to sell a new product – the achacha.

If students can’t recall any

fruit ads, the following links

have advertisements for

bananas and kiwi fruit

http://www.youtube.com/wat

ch?v=dHBdAe-_EZc

http://www.youtube.com/wat

ch?v=NZ7HdDcJFNg

Encourage peer feedback asking students:

What worked well with the advertisement – does it successfully persuade

someone to buy the product?

What changes would you make? Why?

Further investigations

Students write an information report about the achacha. The structure of an information report is as follows: Introduction – the opening statement explains the subject of the report and includes a definition or short description. Students define what an achacha is. Description – the body of the report is a series of paragraphs giving information about achacha’s (nutritional value, country of origin, where in Australia it’s available). Conclusion – a summary of what’s been said.

Students will design a logo to help sell the achacha. Discuss and share a range of logos that are successful (Mercedes, Apple computers, Nike). Try to identify what makes them successful. Working in groups, design a logo for the achacha and display them in the class.

Related Research Links ABC Landline – True Bolivia http://www.abc.net.au/landline/content/2010/s3137511.htm ABC News – New tropical fruit stands up to cyclone http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/02/11/3136520.htm Achacha – Official website http://www.achacha.com.au/thefruit.html

BtN: Episode 3 Transcript

22/02/11

On this week's Behind the News:

The ultimate gift of life we look at organ donation in Australia.

We check out an unusual fruit and put this new taste to the

test.

And we look at the roots of country music and meet one of its

brightest young stars.

Hi I'm Nathan Bazley, welcome to Behind the News.

Also on the show today, Tash goes for a spin as she learns about BMX

freestyle.

But first:

Health Deal

Reporter: Nathan Bazley

INTRO: There is nothing more important to people than their health

but it's our health system that's been causing some worries lately.

For years there has been report after report released saying that our

hospitals aren't healthy and patients are the ones suffering.

So the PM met with all the states and territories to try to come up

with a plan to turn things around.

Let's take a look at what they came up with.

NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: How do you check the health of our

hospitals?

Well clearly not the same way you'd get your health checked.

But experts have been testing our country's hospital system for a

while and the diagnosis isn't good.

Reports have said that it is overcrowded there are not enough beds

there aren't enough doctors and nurses people often wait a long time

to be seen and then even longer for some surgeries.

Far from a clean bill of health many experts are predicting our

hospitals could end up flat-lining.

ANDREW PESCE, AMA PRESIDENT: I've been a doctor in the public

hospital system now for 25-odd years. There's no doubt that I've seen

it crumbling before my eyes.

Something had to be done so PM Julia Gillard met with all of the state

and territory leaders to agree to a plan she says will help.

But before we look at what's going to change first we need to work out

how things stand now.

The huge task of running our whole hospital system is split between

the federal government on one hand and the state and territory

governments on the other.

The states and territories are in charge of building hospitals, running

them and staffing them with doctors and nurses.

The federal government gives them some of the money to get that

done and pays our medical bills through a system called Medicare.

But as we said before this old system seems to be struggling to keep

up these days.

So the Prime Minister wants to shake things up to change the way

hospitals around Australia operate.

The first big change is to where the cash comes from!

Instead of money flowing from the federal government to the state

level for them to dish out to hospitals as they like, all that money will

now be pooled and paid directly to hospitals nation-wide.

But there is a catch hospitals will be paid for each operation and

procedure they do.

So if they are efficient and get lots done they get more money more

patients are helped and hopefully less money is wasted.

They've also promised to chuck another 16.4 billion dollars into the

pool over the next ten years.

But the changes don't stop there.

Any time the hospital system needs more money in the future the

state and federal governments will go halves in contributing the cash.

And to keep getting cash all hospitals will have to meet strict targets

for reducing patient waiting times it'll be up to more local staff to

make sure that happens.

The plan is still in its early stages and there are still a few issues that

need to be sorted out.

Some medical people are worried it will put too much pressure on

hospitals to get people in and out quickly to earn more cash.

Others say the plan doesn't go far enough.

But most medical people say it's at least a step in the right direction.

However they warn that with such a sick hospital system this will not

be a quick recovery.

The Wire

So what else has been making the news? Alfie has the wire.

Another country's citizens are fighting for freedom after being

inspired similar protests in Egypt over the last few weeks.

Violence has broken out in the North African country of Libya as

people there protest against the four decade rule of Moamar Gaddafi.

Security forces fired on anti-government protestors killing more than

two hundred people, and injuring another nine hundred.

There are also reports that protestors have taken over the city and

demonstrations have now spread to the country's capital, Tripoli.

*****

Another Aussie soldier has been killed in Afghanistan.

Twenty one year old Jamie Larcome was shot during a Taliban

ambush.

He's the twenty third Australian soldier to die in Afghanistan but the

Prime Minister says the government's commitment to Afghanistan is

still strong.

******

An animated film has won this year's Tropfest Short Film festival and

it cost just eighty dollars to make!

It's called Animal Beatbox and it features a song made up from

different animal names, using cellophane animals.

Creator Damon Gameau shot the film in his mum's spare room and it

was shot over just four days.

Organ Donors

Reporter: Kirsty Bennett

INTRO: What's the best present you've ever been given?

For some it's the gift of life.

Many people are very sick and without a new organ they'll die.

But did you know that saving these people’s lives depends on

everyday people like you.

Kirsty met up with a person who's been given a second chance at life

through organ donation.

KIRSTY BENNETT, REPORTER: Getting back into study may not be

exciting for some. But for Tyla Bates she's happy to be hitting the

books again.

TYLA BATES, PATIENT: Well it's been really good from not being

able to leave my house to coming back to school like any other normal

person. It's been great.

REPORTER: Last year, Tyla had to put her study on hold to have a

huge operation. She had a double lung transplant because of a life

threatening condition called Cystic Fibrosis. That's when the body

clogs up organs like the lungs and pancreas with a thick mucus.

TYLA: It was extremely hard to breathe just to do everyday things was

a struggle, walking even. Just get really tight in the chest. A lot of

chest pain.

REPORTER: For nine weeks Tyla went in and out of hospital until

some new lungs became available from a donor. While it's given Tyla

a brighter future, the sad fact is that most organ donations only

happen after the death of another person.

Organs like the kidneys, heart, lungs, liver and pancreas can be

donated after a person’s death as well as eye tissue and skin. There

are some organs that can be donated by people when they're still alive

like a kidney. People have two of them, but can live perfectly well with

just one. When the organ's ready to be donated, everyone rushes

around to get it to the sick person quickly. The organ is taken out and

pumped with a special fluid to keep it alive. A waiting list is then

checked to see who needs it the most. There are around 1700 Aussies

urgently waiting for a new organ so when one becomes available it can

often be rushed to the hospital by plane or even escorted by police.

When the organ is transplanted into the patient the body knows that

it's foreign so it starts to fight it. To stop the body rejecting the organ,

the patient has to take special medication for the rest of their life.

Becoming an organ donor isn't compulsory but if you want to be one

you need to know what to do. People aged 16 or over can go online

and record their decision on the Australian Organ Donor register. If

you're younger than that and want to do it your family can approve it.

Almost anyone can donate; it all comes down to how the person dies

and if their organs are healthy. Finally, and most importantly you

need to make sure you've told your family if you want your organs

donated when you die. Although it might be an uneasy subject to talk

about, it's necessary because the surviving relatives always get the last

say even if you're registered.

TYLA: I would strongly recommend it. One person donating can save

up to nine lives. It saved my life so I'd definitely recommend it.

KIRSTY: There's no doubt that organ donation is an uncomfortable

subject, but it's because of it, that Tyla and thousands of Aussies are

alive and thriving today.

Online Poll

As we heard, even if a person signs up to be a donor the surviving

family can ultimately make the final decision.

That's going to be the subject of our poll this week.

The question is:

Should relatives be allowed to overturn the wishes of an organ donor?

To vote, just head to our website.

New Taste

Reporter: Natasha Thiele

INTRO: Often when there's something new around companies will

find interesting ways to get its name out there.

And there's one fruit hoping to gain popularity on the market which

you probably haven't heard of.

It's got a funny name and a sweet taste but what is it?

Here's Tash.

FRUITERER: Have a look at the banana, beautiful, a guarantee

banana price for this week, all week dollar ninety nine. Also new

season apples two-forty-nine, beautiful apples. Achacha ten dollar,

woah!

NATASHA THIELE, REPORTER: Take note guys, because you might

be hearing and seeing a lot more of the achacha in the future!

The achacha is a tropical fruit, full of nutrients like potassium,

Vitamin C and folate which are all good for your body.

They're also low in sugar compared to other fruits and are eaten by

PINCHING and POPPING out the fruit.

BOY: It has a small distinctive taste of banana and lemon and vinegar.

GIRL: On the outside some bits tasted like a bit like banana and when

I got near the seeds it stated tasting a bit like grapes.

BOY: Kind of like a mango.

GIRL: It tastes really sweet, but when you get into the middle it tastes

really sour and it tastes a little bit like banana, apples and pears.

The fruit is native to Bolivia, a country in South America.

The original name is Achachairu, which means honey kiss.

So if it's from Bolivia, why is it being renamed and rebranded as an

Aussie fruit?

Well it started around ten years ago, when a company in Queensland

was given permission by the Bolivian government to grow and sell the

fruit here.

In order to improve sales, they decided to change the name to

achacha, because it's easier to say.

They've since developed the biggest achacha plantation in the world

and now they're running a campaign to convince Aussies to get

behind this new locally grown fruit.

But can you easily transfer the nationality of a fruit?

Well you can with the right 'marketing.

REPORTER: Let's take the Kiwifruit as an example. Now you might

think they came from New Zealand because of their name, Kiwi. But

they actually first came from China and they were called Chinese

Gooseberries. But New Zealand did a better job at marketing them

and the rest is history.

AD: "Good Morning Australia! And isn't it a beautiful New Zealand

kiwi fruit kind of day? A fresh clean healthy just bursting with good

things kind of day!"

AD: "This odd looking thing, I mean this Richard is a New Zealand

kiwi fruit and it's absolutely brilliant."

But if the achacha is going to become the Aussie version of the kiwi,

then it's going to need more than just good marketing.

It has to taste good and be priced right. It also has to be stocked by all

the major shops and markets.

And that's presented a slight problem for the achacha so far.

While it's available for sale in some states like Queensland and New

South Wales, others like South Australia refuse to allow it.

That's because of strict quarantine laws put in place by state

governments, to prevent any unwanted diseases from coming in and

destroying fruit and veg.

But even with the best marketing and sales strategies in place, success

can also come down to simply being in the right place at the right

time.

And with Aussie bananas currently in short supply because of bad

weather in Queensland, now could be the perfect time for the achacha

to fill the gap and give us a taste of things to come.

Presenter: One of the other fruits we heard about in that story was

the kiwifruit.

Let's have a quiz about it.

Quiz 1

Which country is the leading producer of kiwifruit?

China

Italy

New Zealand

Answer: Italy

Italy started farming kiwis in the early 1980's and now they produce

around 400 thousand tonnes per year.

Country Music

Reporter: Kirsty Bennett

INTRO: Now to a story about a girl who's making her mark on the

country music scene.

Melody Feder has taken out a rising star award in one of Australia's

biggest country music events.

It's a music genre that has a huge following and history.

So Kirsty checked out where it started and what it is that gives

country its unique sound.

KIRSTY BENNETT, REPORTER: In the country music world, there

are some big names and famous voices and hot on the heels of these

guys is Melody Feder. Melody's been into country music since she was

ten years old, performing at weddings. She's even played alongside

Kasey Chambers and more recently snapped up a rising star award at

the Tamworth Country Music Festival.

MELODY FEDER, COUNTRY SINGER: I don't think it really hit me

at the time that I'd actually won and I just sort of stood there and

there's all these photos of me going. Like I really I didn’t believe that

I'd actually won but it was awesome it was definitely a highlight of my

career so far.

REPORTER: Melody isn't the only one who's had success there. It was

also where Darwin girl Jessica Mauboy won a young musician

competition before making it big on Australian Idol. So for these

Aussie girls, country music is providing a bright future but what do

we know about its past?

Country music started in the US in the early 1900s and was

influenced by early settlers. Instruments like the Scottish fiddle, the

Spanish guitar and the West African banjo helped develop the sound.

In the beginning many country music songs were about the land. Over

time, country music developed and made its way onto the radio. It

became the sound of many famous artists like Dolly Parton and

Johnny Cash. Country music today is being mixed in with lots of other

music genres, so it's becoming harder to tell what exactly makes a

song "country".

MELODY: Most of the time they use four simple chords a lot of songs

use the same chords. Miley Cyrus "The Climb" and "Taylor Swift "You

Belong With Me" use the same chords which is a D an A an E and a G

so four simple chords and they're used in a variety different country

songs. There's always a catchy chorus like, "Don't tell my heart my

achy break heart I just don't it'd understand" And there's always a

country instrument so be it a guitar or a mandelin or a banjo or

something like that.

REPORTER: So can any song be made country?

MELODY: Happy Birthday to you, happy birthday to you, happy

birthday, happy birthday, happy birthday to you.

REPORTER: So very different.

MELODY: Very different!

REPORTER: While you might have heard lots of country music in

Australia, in America it's much, much bigger! Last year, around 43

million country albums were sold there. And in the US there are 2000

radio stations dedicated to country music. It's a passion that's shared

by young Aussie muso’s like Melody. She's working towards recording

her debut album and with a name like Melody you'd think that music

is sure to play some part in her future.

Presenter: Sounding great.

While we're talking about country music, let's have a quiz.

Quiz 2

Quiz Opener

The question is:

Whose dad is a famous country music singer?

Katy Perry

Miley Cyrus

Jessica Mauboy

Answer: Miley Cyrus

Her Dad is Billy Ray Cyrus.

He's sold millions of albums worldwide including the hit song you

heard earlier, "Achy Breaky Heart".

It was Australia's best selling single in 1992.

Now to some heartbreak for a couple of the big teams in the A-league

finals.

Here's the score.

The Score

It's finals time in the A league and the Melbourne Victory and

Wellington Phoenix have been the first two teams knocked out of the

race for the title.

The Victory faced Gold Coast United in their sudden death playoff

and both teams battled without success for most of the match.

But one minute into stoppage time, Dino Djulbic managed to strike

heading home a corner to put the Gold Coast into the next round.

Earlier, the Phoenix faced Adelaide United and it was United captain

Travis Dodd who led his team into the next round with a goal calmly

slotted past Wellington's keeper.

Adelaide will now go on to play Gold Coast with the winner to face

either Brisbane or the Central Coast.

*****

To AFL and the new Gold Coast side has shown that they'll be

competitive right from their very first season in the league after

shocking the Sydney Swans in their pre-season cup match on

Saturday.

In their two matches the Suns turned around a huge deficit to knock

off Sydney with a last minute goal then backed it up with another

comfortable win over the Giants.

What makes the Suns even more confident is that they still have some

big names to enter the side like Gary Ablett and Nathan Bock.

Looks like it might be a sunnier year than many thought.

*****

Finally we'll leave you with the NBA's annual all-star slam dunk

comp.

Some of the best in the business pulled out all the stops to impress the

judges but the winner was Blake Griffin who landed this dunk over a

car to win the title.

BMX Freestyle

Reporter: Natasha Thiele

INTRO: BMX racing is already an Olympic sport and now BMX

Freestyle is hoping to join the club too.

Freestyle will be a 'display sport' at the 2016 Games in Rio.

So what is BMX all about and what's the difference between freestyle

and racing?

We sent Tash to a track to find out.

NATASHA THIELE, REPORTER: Meet Jesse Bull! He's 17 years old

and an up-and-coming rider.

Then there's Kie Ashworth! He's a paid professional who's won a

stack of comps!

And how about Jamie Moore! He's been riding for 18 years and

doesn't get sick of it.

These guys are part of the extreme sport of BMX freestyle!

BMX stands for 'bicycle motor cross'.

But unlike BMX racing, Freestyle is all about showing off different

tricks. The winner is the rider that can pull off the most difficult stunt.

Its name pretty much speaks for itself! You have the freedom to be as

creative and daring as you like.

KIE: It's super fun. It's kinda scary when you're up there but when

you land you're just like a relief, I don't know you like, you just get

psyched!

JESSE: Just like keeping fit and like seeing all your friends and it's

just a good way to live.

Riders practice their skills in different ways.

There's 'Park-Ramp', which is using the ramps and slopes of a skate

park.

There's 'Dirt' freestyle, using big jumps designed specifically for

BMX's.

And then there's 'Flatland' freestyle, doing tricks like this. Many

riders start out this way because mistakes or falls and it's less likely to

hurt!

REPORTER: Well Kie, can you teach me an easy trick?

KIE: Yeah well, we're gonna start by going over the track here, so this

is a fairly easy thing to start with. So put your helmet on and we'll give

it a go!

So how different is freestyle from BMX racing?

Well, racing has been around for a lot longer, it was popular right

back in the 1970's.

Over the years competitions have grown and it's taken more seriously

as a sport.

But the basic rules are pretty much the same, it's about who can get

around the track the quickest.

The riders begin the race on a starting hill like this and they can clock

up speeds of around 70 kays an hour. There are lots of tricky jumps to

overcome along the way.

You might watch these guys and think it looks easy, but BMX in any

form can be a dangerous sport.

Riders need to wear proper safety gear, like a helmet and padding.

The type of safety gear varies between BMX racing and freestyle.

The bike is different too.

JAMIE: Your race bikes are usually made out of aluminium, so it's a

lot lighter 'cause those just obviously just want to go as fast as they

can in a straight line. These guys want a bike that's not gonna fall

apart on them when they're riding.

BMX Freestyle bikes also have these stunt pegs; they help the rider to

move the bike into different positions.

They don't have brakes and the bikes have flat pedals instead of clip-

in ones which are sometimes used in BMX racing.

It took BMX racing many decades of competitions before it was finally

recognised as an Olympic sport.

But these riders are hoping it won't take that long, before BMX

freestyle follows in its tracks.

Closer

And that's it for this week's show!

Don't forget to log onto our website and get more info about any of

our stories you can send us your comments and tell us what you think

in our poll.

We'll see you next time.