Prof.dr.ing. Carmen TEODOSIU · Prof.dr.ing. Carmen TEODOSIU Department of Environmental Engineering and Management “Gheorghe Asachi”Technical University of Iasi, Romania e-mail:

Prof.dr.ing. Carmen TEODOSIUDepartment of Environmental Engineering and Management

“Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Romania

e-mail: [email protected]

iWATERMAP Project- 3rdTransnational Meeting, Iasi, 25- 26 June 2019

OUTLINE

The water use cycle – research & innovation challenges

From research to pilot scale processes: the experience of 2 complex

research projects (WATUSER and SUSTENVPRO)

Sustainability assessments of the water & wastewater systems

Life cycle assessment

Environmental impact quantification index

Grey water footprint

Conclusions

Abstraction

Treatment

Distribution

Use

Wastewater

collection

Wastewater

treatment

Discharge to

surface water

I. THE WATER USE CYCLE: RESEARCH & INNOVATION CHALLENGES

Decisions

NATURAL SYSTEM ANTROPOGENIC SYSTEM

Water impacts

Health Risks

Information

Water manag.

authority

Water companies

Other Stakeholders

Water users

Policy and regulation

Information / Decisions

Technology

Hot spot / Challenges

Natural system Complexity & variability IWRM Complexity

1. INTEGRATION PERSPECTIVES

Water cyclenatural and human-related (Complexity of water systems at all scales)

Multi- and interdisciplinarity

Integration of policies and practices at the level of stakeholders, national and

international organisations (river basin oriented)

Integration with other resources management practices (energy, material resources,

etc.) and organisational management systems (ISO standards)

Integrated system design and adaptive water management - continuous

improvement

4

Teodosiu C., (2007), Challenges for Integrated Water Resources Management in Romania, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, vol. 6 (5), p. 363 – 375,

2. WATER USES - ASSOCIATED IMPACTS AND RISKS

Water resource type

Surface waters

Groundwaters

Sea water Coastal zones

Consumption:HouseholdsIndustrial

Agriculture

Impacts and risks

Energy production

Transport

Recreation

Food production

Quantitative water

depletion

Water Quality Deterioration

Ecosystem modifications

(structural)

Human Health Risks

Environmen-tal impacts and risks

Water resource type

USE TYPE IMPACTS AND RISKSWATER RESOURCE TYPE

USE TYPE

Challenge: How to minimize impacts and risks and to use the water resources in a sustainable way?

Water Resources Management Authority

Environmental Protection Agencies

Water Services Suppliers (water supply,

wastewater treatment)

Users:

Municipalities

Industry

Agriculture

Services

NGO’s & other local groups

Universities and Research Institutions

Issues:

Different Interests

Different Objectives

Different Capabilities & Skills

Different legal requirements

Different Backgrounds

(disciplines)

Different Informational needs

Communication and cooperation

difficulties

3. STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION

Challenge: How to create a common language and effective cooperation for specialists in:

• Hydrology, Hydrogeology,

• Chemistry, Hydrobiology, Ecology

• Civil engineering

• Resource management

• Environmental Engineering

• Climatology

• Economics, Sociology, etc.

Teodosiu C*., Barjoveanu G., Vinke-de Kruijf J., (2013), Public Participation in Water Resources Management in Romania: Issues, Expectations and Actual Involvement, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, vol.12, no.5, p. 1051-1063

4. SUSTAINABILITY INSTRUMENTS

Analytic

• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

• Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA)

• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

• Material Flow Analysis (MFA, waterfootprinting)

• Modeling, optimization, simulation

• Scenario analysis

Technical / technological

• Eco-efficiency

• Eco-Design

• Dematerialization

• Monitoring

• Advanced water and wastewater treatment

• Waste treatment

•Reforestation

•Structural changes

(room for the river)

Management / Procedures

• Environmental Management systems

• Eco-design

•Supply chainmanagement

• Corporate Social responsibility (CSR)

• Extended Producer Responsibility EPR)

Information, Communication &

Education

• Continuous education

programs

• Public information &

consulting,

•Awareness raising

campaigns

• Cooperation projects

• GIS systems

Legal requirements Economic instruments

• Compliance limits • Interdictions •Performance, Environmental and Technical Standards

• Pollution taxes• Water allocation quotas • Products and Use taxes• Tax differentiation• Subsidies

•Grants , loans• Structural funding•Environmental funds• Free crediting• Green Banking

Financial Mechanisms

•Pollution and exploitation permits trade•Consumer rights• Eco-labelling• Environmentalreporting & EPR

Marketing / PR

Challenge: How to effectively integrate these instruments in the water use cycle practices ?

Teodosiu C*., Robu B, Cojocariu C., Barjoveanu, G., 2013, Environmental impact and risk quantification based on selected water quality indicators, Natural Hazards, 75 (S1), 89-105, DOI: 10.1007/s11069-013-0637-7

5. EMERGING & PRIORITY POLLUTANTS

• EU Initiatives and Legislation:

• Decision no. 2455/2001/EC

• Directive 2008/105/EC

• Directive 2013 / 39/ EU

• 56 priority substances (organics & heavymetals)

• Environmental (& biota) quality standards

• 10 substances on the Watchlist

• USEPA

• 126 priority pollutants

norman-network.net : reference laboratories, research

centres and related organisations for the monitoring and biomonitoring of emerging environmental substances

Emerging pollutants = substances that have been detected in the environment, but which are currently not included in routine monitoring programmes at EU level and whose fate, behaviour and (eco)toxicological effects are not well understood.

More than 1200 substances (February 2019)

Emerging pollutants Priority pollutants

Teodosiu C.*, Gilca F.A., Barjoveanu G*., Fiore S*. 2018. Emerging pollutants removal through advanced drinking water treatment: A review on processes and environmental performances assessment, Journal of Cleaner Production vol. 197 Part 1, pp. 1210-1221

Priority pollutants/ Micropollutants

• High toxicity, carcinogenic andmutagenic effects

• Low concentrations (ppm, ppb)

detection difficulties, complex analyticprocedures

• Metabolics and pathways along foodchains are not completely elucidated

• Persistence in the environment and biota

• Bioaccumulation and bioaugmentationpotential along food chains

• Type of compounds: organic and inorganic (heavy metals)

Numerous definitions & classifications

Major research topics: Identification of compounds

(watchlists) Identification and quantification of

acute and long-term effects Characterization of environmental

pathways and fate Characterization of fate in technical

systems (i.e. WTTP) Development of efficient removal

technologies

9Jitar O., Teodosiu C.*, Oros A., Plavan G., Nicoara M., (2015), Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in marine organisms from the Romanian sector of the Black Sea, New Biotechnology, Vol. 32, No.3, p.369-378, DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2014.11.004

Water Quality

Abstraction

Treatment

Distribution

Use

Wastewater

collection

Wastewater

treatment

Discharge to

surface water

Research Challenges in the Water Use CycleNATURAL

SYSTEM

Water impacts

Health Risks

Technology input

Research Challenges• Water availability and resilience• Monitoring & Removal of Emerging

Pollutants• Efficient treatment processes &

process optimization• Optimization of energy use in the

water use cycle• Advanced Wastewater Treatment for

recycling and reuse • Wastewater reuse• Nutrients recovery• Sludge treatment and recovery

WASTE RESOURCE

Circular Economy

Teodosiu C. et al. (2012). Sustainability in the Water Use Cycle, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, vol. 11, no. 11,p. 1987-2000

11

• Increasing energy requirements • Increasing costs

Wastewater Engineering Challenges:- Priority pollutants removal by :

- Pollutant destruction (reaction intermediaries)

- Pollutant separation (pollution transfer)

- Energy & Reagents consumption- Process modeling, optimization &

automation- Process scale-up- Material recovery (nutrients)- Energy recovery- Wastewater recycling /reuse

Conventional and advanced wastewater treatment processes

• Improved wastewater quality

• Improved removal efficiencies

Cailean D., Teodosiu C*., Ungureanu F., (2013), Engineering challenges in advanced wastewater treatment, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, vol.12, no.8., p. 1541-1551,

II. From research to pilot scale systems: WATUSER project

Coordinator:“Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi

Project Director: Prof.dr.ing. Carmen Teodosiu

Partner 1: Politehnica University of Timişoara

Partner group leader: Prof.dr.ing. Florica Manea

Partner 2: SC AQUATIM SA Timişoara

Partner group leader: General Manager, Dr.ing. Ilie Vlaicu

Partner 3: SC APAVITAL SA Iaşi

Partner group leader: Dr.ing. Dan Popovici

12

“INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL AND HUMAN – RELATED IMPACTS AND RISKS IN THE WATER USE CYCLE”, 2012- 2016

PN II Collaborative Research Project, contract 60/2012, Value: 700000 Euro

WATUSER project objectives and research directions

Development and implementation of an integrated system of innovative technologies and management instruments for reducing environmental impacts and associated human health risks caused by water quality issues over the whole water use cycle

Innovative Technologies • Water Treatment

(nitrites, nitrates, NOM)

• Wastewater treatment (Priority organic pollutants)

Management instruments ( identification and quantification)

• Environmental Impacts& Risks

• LCA, GWF

• Human Health Risks

Research Directions

Pilot scale applications

WATUSER- Project concept and activities

Water Use Cycle Impacts and Risks Assessement

Technological development

Water SupplyAbstractionTreatment

Distribution

Water Use

Wastewater Management:

CollectionTreatment

Discharge (reuse)

Human Health RisksContaminants

Microorganisms, (Toxic) inorganic and

organic pollutants

Environmental Impactsand Risks:

Insufficiently treated wastewater discharge

Advanced Water Treatment

Technologies

Advanced Wastewater Treatment

Technologies

Integrated Monitoring System

Integrated environmental impact and risk

assessment

Human health risks assessment

Grey water footprint


System evaluation

LCA,WF, EIQ,

HHRA Pilot system foradvanced

wastewater treatment

(Iasi)

Pilot system for advanced

water treatment

(Timisoara)

WATUSER PROJECT PILOT SCALE PHASE (2015- 2016)

Parameter Value

Membrane Surface, 0.9 m2

Maximum Permeate Flux, 45 L/m2*h

Average permeate flux

(netto)

37.5 L/m2*h

Membrane Productivity 82.92%

Continuous filtration time 55 minutes

Permeated Backwash time 45 sec

Backwash Flux 230 L/m2*h

Design flow 180 L/h

Average inlet flow 170 L/h

Average permeate flow 150 L/h

Average backwash flow 10 L/h

Average chemical cleaning

flow

10 L/h

Total cleaning flow Avg.20 L/h

Utrafiltration Pilot System at APAVITAL SA Iasi

“INTEGRATED AND SUSTAINABLE PROCESSES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEAN-UP,

WASTEWATER REUSE AND WASTE VALORIZATION” – SUSTENVPRO, 2018-2020

Complex project realized in research, development & innovation consortia; Contract no. 26PCCDI/2018

Value: 5.287.500 Lei (1,125,000 Euro)

From research to pilot scale systems: SUSTENVPRO project

Coordinator: Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi

Project Director: Prof.dr.ing. Carmen TEODOSIU

Partner 1: ”Politehnica” University of Bucharest

Responsible: Prof.dr.ing. Cristian PREDESCU

Partner 2: ”Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Iaşi

Responsible: Dr. Habil., CS II Mihai Marcela

Partner 3: ”Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi

Responsible: Prof. univ.dr. habil. biol. Mircea NICOARA

Partner 4- ”Politehnica” University of Timisoara

Responsible: Prof. univ.habil.dr.ing. Florica Manea

Partner 5 - National Research and Development Institute for Environmental Protection Bucharest

Responsible: Dr. CS I Deak GYORGY

North - East

Region

West Region

București-Ilfov

Region

București-Ilfov

Region

North - East

Region

North - East

Region

SUSTENVPRO project objectives and research directions

Project objective:

Increase of institutional performance in the Environmental field of a consortium of 5 public research

organisations with tradition/recognised research performances and 1 R&D institute under

consolidation, through an integrative approach which supports/develops the existent research

competencies and transfer capacities of results with applicative and innovative potential.

Research directions:

1. Complex evaluations of priority pollutants present in various water matrixes and risk identification on theecosystems and human health

2. Water treatment processes optimization and development of innovative materials for the prioritypollutants removal

3. Valorisation of biomass resources for the development of innovative processes for wastewatertreatment and priority pollutants removal

4. Metallic waste valorisation for innovative wastewater treatment process development and removal ofpriority pollutants

5. Sustainability assessments of water/ wastewater treatment and waste valorization processes based onlife cycle assessment

SUSTENVPRO

characteristics

Integration into Circular

Economy objectives(recycling, waste

recovery/valorisation)

Inter- and multi-

disciplinarity

Complementarity and

scientific and

institutional synergy (research infrastructures,

human resources)

Integration of research

topics, objectives and

scientific activities

Originality and

scientific novelty

Common approach of

new research directions,

innovation activities

Surface water

Water abstraction

Water treatment(drinking)

Water distribution/use

Wastewater collection

Wastewater discharge (recycling)

Innovative treatment processes

Development of innovative materials

Biomass valorisation

Metallic waste valorisation

Project 5

Project 1

• Priority pollutants monitoring

• Ecotoxicity studies

• Impact and risk assessment

• Update characterization

factors

Project 2

Project 4

Project 3

Wastewater treatment

Expected results and

impacts

Young& Senior

researchers

development

Strengthen of the

innovation capacity

Strengthen of the

research capacity

Strengthen of

institutional capacity

and sustainability

Intensifying inter-

institutional

cooperation and

development of viable

collaboration with

economic environment

Valorization/common

dissemination of

research /innovation

results

International visibility

SUSTENVPRO Project concept

Component Projects (research in partnership)

PC1: Complex evaluations of priority pollutants present in various water matrixes and

risk identification on the ecosystems and human health (TRL 1/ TRL 3)

PC2: Water treatment processes optimization and development of innovative materials

for the priority pollutants removal (TRL 2/ TRL 4)

PC3: Valorisation of biomass resources (Rapeseed waste) for development of

innovative wastewater treatment processes & priority pollutants removal (TRL 2/ TRL 4)

PC4: Metallic waste valorisation for innovative wastewater treatment process

development and priority pollutants removal (TRL 2/ TRL 5)

PC5: Sustainability assessments of water/ wastewater treatment and waste valorization

processes based on life cycle assessment (TRL 2/ TRL 3)

Laboratory for Analysis and Control of Environmental Factors - LACMED

• Founded in 2013 in TUIASI, coordinated by prof.dr.ing. Carmen Teodosiu

• Accredited by the Romanian Accreditation Association - RENAR, on 18.03.2015,

18.03.2019, Certificate no. LI 1054/2015 (www.renar.ro ; www.lacmed.ro)

• Servicies for analysis-consultancy- research:

Pollution prevention and control:

Monitoring, process analysis, wastewater treatment

Design/ upgrade/ modernization of wastwater treatment plants

Study of advanced wastewater treatment processes for wastewater recycling and reuse.

Environmental performance evaluation of processes, products and services:

Integrated assessment of environmental impacts and risks

Water and Carbon footprint assessment


Website: www.lacmed.ro E-mail: [email protected]

http://www.renar.ro/

http://www.lacmed.ro/

http://www.lacmed.ro/

mailto:[email protected]

III. SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENTS OF WATER & WASTEWATER SYSTEMS

Research challenges:

How to correlate monitoring strategies with actual emerging/priority pollutants concerns?

How to measure local environmental impacts and legal requirements of water systems?

How to correlate legal monitoring requirements with data needs for impact quantification methodologies (EIA, LCA)?

How to facilitate understanding of MWWTPs performance and environmental impacts by other stakeholders?

Human Health

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

22

Single Score

Ecosystem Quality ResourcesImpact classes

Life Cycle Inventory (indicators)

Life Cycle Processes (system limits, goals and scope)

Mid -point

End-point

identifies the materials, energy and waste flows of a product/process throughout its life cycle and their environmental impacts

WATER as a product

Impact categories depending on LCIA Method(10- 18 Impact categories)

23

LCA on Water services systems – Iasi Case Study

Abstraction

Treatment

Distribution

Use

Wastewater

collection

Wastewater

treatment

Discharge to

surface water

LCA on Water services systems – ResultsEnvironmental profile of the water

system in Iasi City

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

AD AC EU GWP ODP HT FET MET TE PO

Rela

tiv

e i

mp

act,

%

Impact categories

untreated wastewater

wastewater treatment

wastewater collection

water distribution

water treatment

water abstraction

Barjoveanu, G., Comandaru I-M, Rodriguez-Garcia, G. Hospido A, Teodosiu C.*, Evaluation of water services system through LCA. A case study for Iasi City, Romania, 2014, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 19 (2) 449-462, 10.1007/s11367-013-0635-8

• Before-tap system : highest impacts (approx. 75%)

• Energy consumption = most important impact generator

• After-tap system: 25% of impacts, due to Eutrophication (EU)

• N, P discharge via wastewater contributes to Eutrophication

LCA on Water services systems –Results

25

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

AD AC EU GWP ODP HT FET MET TE PO

Rela

tiv

e i

mp

act,

%

Impact categories

2010 All scenarios

Iasi water services system environmental profile when considering improvement scenarios:

1. Water supply exploitation changes2. Decrease in Water distribution losses,3. Improvement of wastewater connectivity4. Improvement of wastewater treatment performance

Barjoveanu G., Comandaru I.M., Garcia G.R., Hospido A., Teodosiu C*., (2014), Evaluation of Water Services System Through LCA:A Case Study for Iasi City, Romania, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, February 2014, Volume 19, Issue 2, pp 449-462

Study Area Iasi MWWTP & Bahlui River – (WATUSER project)

Bahlui Basin Area: 5,469 km2

L – 119 km

Qriver = 2.99 m3/s

QWWTP = 2.34 m3/s

Teodosiu C.*, Barjoveanu G, Robu Sluser B-M, Popa S-A, Trofin O, 2016, Environmental assessment of municipal wastewater discharges: a comparative study of evaluation methods, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21 (3) 395-411, DOI: 10.1007/s11367-016-1029-5

Study Area: Iasi MWWTP & Bahlui River – (WATUSER project)

Nr Water Quality IndicatorNo.of

samples

Pollutant concentrations in:

WWTP

effluent, cdet

River spring

section, cspring

River (just

upstream

discharge point),

criv

Max. conc. in

effluent, cmax

(MAC)

Max. conc. Class

II river quality,

cmax ambient water

- mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

1 Total suspended solids 1138 14.82 56.48 19 35 -

2 COD 1138 37.13 20.134 31.00 125 25

3 Ammonia nitrogen (N-NH4+) 1135 0.32 0.068 1.62 2 0.8

4 Nitrite (NO2-) 265 0.68 0.040 0.196 1 0.1328

5 Nitrate (NO3-) 180 49.55 2.697 10.82 25 13.28

6 Phosphorous (P) 63 1.71 0.153 0.75 2 0.4

7 Phenolics (Phe) 39 0.04 0.012 0.024 0.3 0.005

8 Copper (Cu2+) 5 0.057 0.006 0.37 0.1 0.03

9 Zinc (Zn2+) 5 0.112 0.031 0.31 0.5 0.2

10 Chromium (Cr3++Cr6+) 5 0.00264 0.009 0.081 1 0.05

11Total ionic iron

(Fe2+ + Fe3+)50 0.45 2.028 0.36 5 0.5

12 Nickel (Ni2+) 5 0.004767 0.007 0.006 0.5 0.025

LCA Evaluation of Iasi MWWTP- ReCiPe method LCI : WW discharge + Sludge

management + electricity

LCIA : ReCiPe Method (midpoint)

Highest impacts:

Nutrients in Freshwater and Marine Eutrophication

Heavy metals in Freshwater and Marine Eco-Toxicity

LCIA results depends on data availability:

ReCiPe method does not account for COD (1138 samples/year), but accounts for individual organic pollutants (no data available)

0

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

Imp

act

Po

ints

(R

eCiP

e M

idp

oin

t (H

) V

1.12

/ E

uro

pe

Rec

ipe

H)

WW Discharge Sludge Management Electricity

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

CC

OZ

TA

F-E

u

M-E

u

HT

PO

F

PM

T

TE

T

FE

T

ME

T IR

AL

O

UL

O

NL

T

WD

MD

FD

Teodosiu C.*, Barjoveanu G, Robu Sluser B-M, Popa S-A, Trofin O, 2016, Environmental assessment of municipal wastewater discharges: a comparative study of evaluation methods, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21 (3) 395-411, DOI: 10.1007/s11367-016-1029-5

• Adapted for river basin applications

• Focuses on 1 environmental component: surface water

• Quantifies impacts considering local conditions :

• wastewater discharge

• receiving water body flow and pollutant concentrations

•Environmental impacts are calculated based on water quality indicators:

COD, TSS, NH+4, NO2

-, NO3-, Pt, phenolics, heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Fe)


Teodosiu C*., Robu B, Cojocariu C., Barjoveanu, G., 201, Environmental impact and risk quantification based on selected water quality indicators, Natural Hazards, 75 (S1), 89-105, DOI: 10.1007/s11069-013-0637-7


EIQ - environmental impact quantification index

(dimensionless);

cdet – measured concentration for indicators in the

MWWTP effluent (mg/L);

criv – measured concentration for indicators

upstream of the MWWTP discharge point (mg/L);

cref – reference concentrations of water quality

indicators considered as reference for EIQ

calculations. (a. river spring section- cspring) or b

(upstream of the MWWTP (cref=criv);

Qdet – the discharged municipal wastewater flow

(m3/s);

Qriv – the river flow (m3/s).

•

rivrefriv

rivriv

Q

Q

cQQ

QcQcEIQ det

det

detdet 1

)(

)()(

NATURAL SYSTEM

Discharge to

surface water

Cref = cspring

Contribution to total river basin impact

cref=criv

Individual impact contribution

EIQ- results and interpretation

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

EIQ

Impact category

Impacts compared to river spring section (natural background concs.)

Impacts compared to upstream of discharge

• All concentrations except for NO3

- are below MAC

• EIQ analysis shows problems related to nutrients (WWTP was not fitted with nutrient removal)

• Significant Heavy metal contribution compared only to natural state

Reference Impacts

Grey water footprint – instrument for WWTP impact assessment

det

_max_

det

max

Qcc

ccQ

cc

ccGWF

springwaterambient

riveffl

nat

acteffl

GWF = the grey water footprint (Mm3/month)

Ceffl=cdet – measured concentration of each of the water quality indicators in the MWWTP effluent (mg/L);

cact = criv - measured concentration of each of the water quality indicators upstream of the MWWTP discharge

point (mg/L);

cmax =cmax_ambient_water – concentration for ambient water quality standard which is the maximum allowed

concentration for a given river quality, (mg/L)

cnat = cspring – natural background concentration – concentration in the spring section of the river, mg/L;Qeffl=Qdet – wastewater flow, m3/month

max( )tot iGWF GWF

Dillution Factor

7.70.0

31.822.2 23.6

0.04.9

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Gre

y w

ater

fo

otp

rin

t, M

m3 /

mo

nth

GWF-MAC Actual GWF

Grey water footprint - results

2 scenarios:

Maximum allowed conc. (GWF-MAC)

Actual GWF

Results show that:

MAC scenario would greatly impact the local river conditions (NB: Qwwtp ≈ Qriv)

Actual impact << MAC impact

Some nutrient contribution compared to background conc. (still Class II river)

Teodosiu C.*, Barjoveanu G, Robu Sluser B-M, Popa S-A, Trofin O (2016), Environmental assessment of municipal wastewater discharges: a comparative study of evaluation methods, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21 (3) 395-411, DOI: 10.1007/s11367-016-1029-5

Conclusions (1)

Sustainable water use cycle faces complex challenges :

Natural System Complexity & variability better understanding of human impacts (emerging pollutants) and climate change (extreme events, water resources availability)

Technology Challenges:

• Removal of emerging/priority pollutants

• Engineering Challenges (optimization, transfer of pollution, energy costs)

• Process integration

• WWTPs - as a resource recovery facility

Management Challenges:• Develop and integrate management instruments • Integration of policies and practices at the level of stakeholders, national and international

organisations• Integration with other resources management practices (energy, material resources, etc.)

and organisational management systems (ISO standards)

Conclusions (2)

Sustainability in the water use cycle should rely on:

Integrating the actions of various stakeholders,

Developing and integrating an array of environmental technologies and management instruments :

Complying with stricter environmental targets& Ensuring wastewater recycling

Providing conditions for priority pollutants removal

Providing complete environmental assessment of processes /integrated processes

(Waste) water management has to consider specific local conditions (rivers quality) to meet new challenges

Research & Innovation collaboration and implementation

Dissemination and Public awareness

Thank you very much for your attention !

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

These studies were supported by:

• A grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNDI–

UEFISCDI, project no. 60/2012, “Integrated System for Reducing

Environmental and Human-related Impacts and Risks in the Water Use

Cycle” (WATUSER), within PNCDI II.

• A grant of the Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation, CCCDI-

UEFISCDI, project no. 26PCCDI/01.03.2018, “Integrated and sustainable

processes for environmental clean-up, wastewater reuse and waste

valorization” (SUSTENVPRO), within PNCDI III.

• The support of SC APAVITAL SA Iasi, the regional water operator is also

highly acknowledged.

Documents

Prof.dr.ing. Carmen TEODOSIU · Prof.dr.ing. Carmen TEODOSIU Department of Environmental Engineering and Management “Gheorghe Asachi”Technical University of Iasi, Romania e-mail: