Prilozi Instituta za istoriju u Sarajevu [dodina 31 djelimična, 2002.]

8/13/2019 Prilozi Instituta za istoriju u Sarajevu [dodina 31 djelimična, 2002.]

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99

Lsfb Ourtcveā

XFWNCWEćE \ \NFAFMJ\ MCWIF MF BC@ER \B\@PCWMEO\*

\nfafmjl mcvif mf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeou orcz uċlŦāl prlbstfvmeof ez zfnlĖf prltlċf jl suvrlklmejed c`neof Ŧtlbmjl e prlbstfvnjf cbrfz strujfmjf rfzvejlmed gemfm-iejsoed pcsncvfmjf lvrcpsoca trŽeŦtf, prloc Jfbrfmf, Wlmliejl e Bu`rcvmeof u @cs-mu. Bu`rcvmeo sl jfvnjf u uncze `fmofrf ocje rfspcnfŽl uncack, f ŦtlbeŦl - vnfstlnf uzfnlĖu - cstvfruju acbeŦmju bcèt ofc ofkftu mf uncŽlmf srlbstvf.

\ coveru unfafmjf mcvif mf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeou jfvnjf sl vrnc kfne `rcj prlb-stfvmeof ez zfnlĖf. Cvu prevenlaeju ml cstvfruju mfjzmfċfjmeje prlbstfvmeie brŽfvf ubu`rcvfċock zfnlĖu, vnfbfre - ̀ fmcve ene orfnjlve. Mf spliegeċfm mfċem cvc pcsncvfmjl sl pcjfvnjujl e lazesterf sfkc u ocmtlostu bu`rcvfċoca stjlifmjf Ocmfvfnf e umjlaf su uonjuċlme sfkc vnfsmeie Ocmfvfnf sf svcjek zfstupmeiekf. Xc tck jl prl- pczmftnjevc e u mfj`cnjcj kjlre pcjfŦmjfvf pczeieju anfvmed fotlrf ocmfvcsoca oru-af.6

Rfovu ncofnezerfmu beklmzeju unfafmjf mcvif mf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeou, s c`zerckmf uċlŦāl prlbstfvmeof ez zfnlĖf, blgemerfc jl Arlacr ĎrlkcŦmeo srlbemck bvfbl-slted acbemf TT stcnjlāf.0 \ mcvejek prestupekf unfafmju mcvif mf bcèt, petfmjl cè-

* XrcŦerlmc sfcpālmjl pcbmlslmc mf mfuċmck soupu —Zlknjf Xfvncveāf. Yrlbmje vejlo e plrecb tursolvnfbfveml― u Pcafteie 01.-05. 87. 0880.a.

6 C oupcprcbfje Ocmfvfnf u anfvmek pctlzekf upcrlbe: AP\JEć Pfbcsnfv, Ocmfvne pcb rfzmek acspcbfrekf cb TEE bc TW vlof , Ypcklmeo Yrpsol orfnjlvsol fofblkejl 77, @lcarfb 6507., 6-606? GCPLREć Wemoc, Xcvejlst Bu`rcvmeof bc 6484. acbeml, E, Mfonfbme zfvcb Kfteil drvftsol,Drvftsol pcvjlsmeil, Zfarl` 6548. Zf mcvejl rfbcvl u prcuċfvfmju prcŦncste Ocmfvfnf upcrlbe prlanlb: O\PRCWEć Lsfb, Mcveje rfbcve mf prcuċfvfmju prcŦncste Ocmfvfnf pcb `csfmsockvnfŦāu (6558.-0888.), Drvftsof kesfc WE/00, Yfrfjlvc 0880., 682-660.

0 ĎPLKCŨMEO Arlacr, Mcvċfrstvc u stfrck Bu`rcvmeou , Juacsnfvlmsof mjevf, Acbemf ET, Omjeaf0/6, Zfarl` 650<., 67-02.

Lsfb Ourtcveā, Xfvncveāe u unfafmju mcvif mf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeouXrencze, 96, Yfrfjlvc, 0880., str. 99-<<.



92

kf e ovfnetltf pcsncvfmjf jl bcmlonl zfmlkfrlmc. Cstfvnjlm jl utesfo mlcbrlĖlmca eneċfo e kfscvmejla prestupf zfnlĖf u mjlku.9

\nfafmjlk mcvif mf bcèt cùdvfālme su mfjuŽe prlbstfvmeie ocmfvcsoca oru-af, vnfsmeie Ocmfvfnf, `csfmsof vnfstlnf Yfmbfnj Drfmeā e Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā mfsnjlbmeiekf, tl mjedcve anfvme zfstupmeie Xreèsnfv Xcdvfneā e @rfenc RlzfnCme prlbstfvnjfju anfvml fotlrl sf ocjekf sl pcsncvfmjl espumjfvf u pctpumcste, fo-tevmek fmafŽkfmck prfvf unfafmjf e ocreŦtlmjf bcète cb uncŽlmed srlbstfvf. Mjedcve mfsnjlbmeie cstvfruju pfsevmc uċlŦāl orcz ocreŦtlmjl bcète cb uncŽlmed srlbstfe neovebfieju anfvmeil.

\z rfzneċetek prfviekf uskjlrlmek tlkftsoek rfbcvekf, `nesoek cvck pc-sncvfmju, mfrcċetc Xfvl Żevocveāf, tl prfālmjlk orltfmjf pcsncvfmjf ocjl zmfċfjmc pruŽf c`jfvnjlmf āerensof arfĖf e bvejl slrejl Bu`rcvfċoca frdevf (Icmseneuk Pcaf-tcruk e Blètf Mctfrefl prc Ickum) kcauāl jl rlocmstruerfte orltfmjl pcsncvfmjf uorenu pcrcbeil Xfvncveāf.

***

RlŦoc jl zfonjuċete bf ne su Xfvncveāe u prlacvcrekf coc oupcprcbfjl Ocmfvf-nf 6265.a. zmfne e zf unfafmjl mcvif mf bcèt. Ezvcrme pcofzftlnje su `neŽl ċemjlme jl tfbf vcjvcbf Xltfr Xfvncveā2 cbustfc cb prlacvcrf prejl mlac sl u mjekf e bcŦncbc uonjuċevfmjf cvca pcsncvfmjf.< Wrlklmck su zf cvc pcsncvfmjl Xfvncveāe kca-ne bf sfzmfju cb mjlacvl prekjlml ocb susjlbf vcjvcbl Yfmbfnjf Drfmeāf e mjlacvcazfstupmeof Xreèsnfvf Xcdvfneāf. Rc pcsncvfmjl vcjvcbf Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā kcafc jl upczmfte e tcock svcjed prlacvcrf u kfju e jumu 6206., ofbf su Bu`rcvċfme zfcsmcvu oupcprcbfjl Ocmfvfnf mubene Yfmbfnjlvu prcbfju Xfvncveālvca bejlnf e6208.a., tl preneock foteverfmjf Yfmbfnjf Drfmeāf u pcsrlbmeċol tcocvl prlacvcrf

9 OCWFĎLWEć Blsfmof,Rracvemf u srlbmjcvjlocvmcj @csme , Mfuċmc bruŦtvc @csml e Dlrilacveml,Bjlnf 64, Cbjlnjlmjl estcrejsoc-gencncŦoed mfuof 69, Yfrfjlvc 6576? ŻEWOCWEć Xfvc, PfbeċCzresfnjeā, tracvfi e bepnckftf mf bvcru pcrcbeil Xfvncveāf , Xrencze TEEE/69, Yfrfjlvc 6511., (bfnjl:Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā), 986-906? EYRE, Locmcksoc-sciejfnml prckjlml u `csfmsock bruŦtvu u TEW. e

TW. stcnjlāu, \mevlrzfn, @e`nectlof Estcrejf e rlvcnuiejf, Ruznf 6547. (bfnjl: Locmcksoc-sciejfnml prckjlml).

2 C Xltru Xfvncveāu upcrlbe: RCŨEć Ęurc , Wcjvcbf Xltfr Xfvncveā. Xrenca estcreje @csml pcċltock TWvejlof , Juacsncvlmsoe estcrejsoe ċfscpes TTTEW/6-0, @lcarfb 0886., 9<-27.

< C emfuaurfieje pcsncvfmjf, pre ċlku sl 6265. acbemf skftrf onjuċmck, ofc e mjlacvcj ocmtlostufnezfiejeupcrlbe: O\PRCWEć Lsfb, @csfmsoe vlneofŦ u kcblrmek `fmofrsoek tcocvekf srlbmjcvjlocvnjf, AcbeŦmjfo 6, @cŦmjfċof zfjlbmeif ounturl Xrlpcrcb, Yfrfjlvc 0886., (bfnjl: @csfmsoe vlneofŦ), 6216<2.




9<

sf Pfbcsnfvck Xfvncveālk.7 Xczmftf ezvcrmf arfĖf tc ofc spczmfju ml lveblmterf me6200., me pcċltock 6209.a.1 Ezvjlsmc, svl bc srlbeml 6209.a., bc kfnl ounkemfiejl

u prlacvcrekf coc oupcprcbfjl Ocmfvfnf sf Pfbcsnfvck Xfvncveālk, Xfvncveāe slmeabjl berlotmc ml mfvcbl u ocmtlostu unfafmjf mcvif mf bcèt.4

Xrve ocmorltme pctlze uonjuċevfmjf unfafmjf mcvif mf bcèt ocb Xfvncveāf prftl sl u ockèmfiejfkf coc oupcprcbfjl Xfvncveālvca bejlnf Ocmfvfnf tcock jumf e junf 6209.a. Rfbf jl u cpteifju iejlmf Ocmfvfnf u ezmcsu cb 68.888 buoftff kcauāmcst unfafmjf mcvif mf bcèt cbrlĖlmf jl ezmcsck cb 2.888 buoftf.5 GemeŦ prlacvcrf, orfjlk 6207.a. rlzunterfc jl uonjuċevfmjlk Xfvncveāf u unfafmjl mcvifmf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeou.

Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā

KlĖu estfomutek prlbstfvmeiekf vnfstlcsol pcrcbeil Xfvncveāf vcjvcbf Pf-bcsnfv Xfvncveā zfuzekf zfpfŽlmc kjlstc. Mf pczeieju anfvmca prlbstfvmeof u pc-rcbeie bcnfze 6208.a., pcsnejl skrte `rftf Xltrf. Mlof ctvcrlmf petfmjf, pcput kcte-vf ctlzfmjf prcbfjl Ocmfvfnf, uz estfomut rfznca bezfmjf iejlml vrejlbmcste mjlacvl pcncveml prlkf pfrfkltrekf oupcprcbfjl c`fvnjlml sf Yfmbfnjlk Drfmeālk, svc- jlvrsml emftml pc`jlbl u ijlmofmju mfb bu`rcvfċoek pcneteċoek prcijlmfkf, e ct-vfrfmjl ocmfvcsoca oruaf ocmfvcsoek rftck 6298.a., uofzuju mf pctrlù bltfnjmejlkcmcarfgsol c`rfbl Xfvncveāf u ijlneme. Kctev zf revfnstvc prlkf Yfmbfnju Drfmeāu pctjlċl bejlnck ez ocmtlostf skrte Pfbcsnfvnjlvca cif e `rftf, uz ċejl ezvrŦfvfmjl jlberlotml pcneteċol ocreste cstvfrevfc uprfvc Yfmbfnj Drfmeā. Pfbcsnfvnjlv ofrfotlr, unetlrfture jcŦ uvejlo mfanfŦlmc estfomut beklmzejck bu`rcvfċoed ezvcrf, c`cjlm mfkjlrck pcstezfmjf zfirtfmed ienjlvf, bcbftme jl prcstcr zf mfstfvfo estrfŽevfmjf e rlvfn-

7 YRCJFMCWEć Nju`cker,Ytfrl srpsol pcvlnjl e peskf , E/6, Z`crmeo zf estcreju, jlzeo e omjeŽlvmcstsrpsoca mfrcbf, Yrpsof orfnjlvsof fofblkejf, Xrvc cblnjlmjl 65, @lcarfb ’ Yrlksoe Ofrncvie 6505.,(bfnjl: YYXX E/6), 98<-969? 96<-967? 967-906? 906-901.

1 YYXX E/6, <71-<56.4 ćCPCWEć Wnfbeker, Ofoc jl vcjvcbf Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā prcbfvfc Bu`rcvċfmekf Ocmfvnjl (6209-

6201) AcbeŦmjeif Meocnl Ďupeāf 07, @lcarfb 6501., (bfnjl: Ofoc jl vcjvcbf Pfbcsnfv), 19-685,11-14.

5 BrŽfvme frdev u Bu`rcvmeou (bfnjl: BFB), Nlttlrl be Nlvfmtl ET, <-<― (0<.87. 6209.), ET 7(68.81.6209.).




97

crezerfmjf bcsteamuted sfzmfmjf c mfjocmtrcvlrzmejlk prlbstfvmeou ocmfvcsoca oraf.68

Yve pcsncve coc oupcveml pcncveml Ocmfvfnf cb Xfvncveāf 96.60.6207.a. èsu svrŦlme. \ soncpu bruaed petfmjf bftf jl Xfvncveāekf e kcauāmcst unfafmjf mfbcèt u Bu`rcvmeou u veseme cb 98.888 plrplrf, cbmcsmc 68.888 buoftf. \ bcou-klmtu Xfvncveāf unfafmjl sl spckemjl bvf putf. Xrlbstfvmeo ouāl Xfvncveāf mfvc-be bf „...c`jltcvfŦl klme acspcbemu vclvcbe Pfbcsfvu omlz vnfstlnl e vsf cpoemf

arfb Bu`rcvmeof prekete ofbf ek ùbu bfte u ockum bu`rcvfċoe brŽfte mfŦed buoft znfted Ŧlst tesuā e bf ke ekfju bfvfte plt pc ofmtemfr mf vsfoc acbeŦtl ...‛66 MlŦtcbfnjl, mfstfvnjf bf „...ecŦt klme acspcbemu vclvcbe Pfbcsfvu e semu ke omlzu EvfmeŦuc`jltcvfŦl omlz vnfstlnl e vsf cpoemf arfb Bu`rcvmeof u ocl acb è sl vrlkl zac-

benc klme acspcbemu vclvcbe Pfbcsfvu e semu ke omlzu EvfmeŦu e mfŦlku mftrfŦoubf pcstfvekc u med ockum mf mfŦu vcnju ċltere tesuāl buoftf znfted bf ed su mfkbuŽme preket u med ockum f bf mfk ekfju bfvfte plt pc ofmtemfr mf vsfoc acbeŦtl ...‛60 Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā jl tekl cseaurfc fotevme stftus zf svl prlbstfvmeol pcrcbeilXfvncveāf, zf sl`l u neketu cb 7.888, f sf semck EvfmeŦck e mfsnjlbmeiekf s neketck cb 2.888 buoftf. Pfbcsnfv jl cstvfrec `cnjl prlbuvjltl cb svcaf revfnf YfmbfnjfDrfmeāf, cseaurfvfjuāe tfoc mfsnjlbmeiekf bcŽevctme fotevme stftus u cvck pcsncvfm ju.69 Epfo, vebjlālkc bf Xfvncveāe prlbveĖlmed e ofsmejl neketerfmed 68.888 buoftfunfafmju meofbf mlāl bcsteāe.

Cb preknjlmed srlbstfvf zf prcbfju pcncveml Ocmfvfnf Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā sfsemck EvfmeŦck unfŽl mf bcèt 7.888 buoftf. \ pctvrbe sl mfvcbe bf su mjlacve pc-snfmeie prekene zf prcbfju Ocmfvfnf 60.888 buoftf e 6.888 buoftf zf jlbmu `fŦtemuu bu`rcvfċock octfru, tl, „... e cb ted tre mf blsltl tjlsuof buoft bcmlscŦl o klme

68 EWEć Fnlosf , Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā, vlneoe vcjvcbf `csfmsoe , Nltcpes Kfteil srpsol 02<, Mcve Yfb6581., 6-90? NKY 027, 02-24? RP\DLNOF ćerc, Ocmfvòsoe rft (6298-6299) , Anfsmeo Zlkfnjsocakuzljf TTET, Yfrfjlvc 6561., (bfnjl: Ocmfvòsoe rft) 62<-066? ćCPCWEć W., Ofoc jl Pfbcsnfv

Xfvncveā, 19-685. Zf mcvejf bcsteamuāf u prcuċfvfmju vrlklmf Pfbcsnfvf Xfvncveāf s netlrfturck,ŻEWOCWEć X., \stupfmjl Ocmfvfnf Bu`rcvċfmekf , „Ocmfvnl u prcŦncste, sfbfŦmjcste e ùbuāmcste6‛, Xcsl`mf ezbfmjf Zfvcbf zf pcvejlsml zmfmcste Drvftsol fofblkejl zmfmcste e ukjltmcste uBu`rcvmeou, Kcmcarfgejl 6<, Bu`rcvmeo 6554., 11-688? EYRE , Bepnckftsoe ocmtfote @csml e Dukf s

Bu`rcvċfmekf c ustupfmju Ocmfvfnf , Drvftsof kesfc EE/7, Yfrfjlvc 6554., 45-68<.66 YYXX E/6, <54-<55.60 YYXX E/6, <55-788. Mf este mfċem c`lāfvfju Bu`rcvċfme prekete unfafmjl Xfvncveāf u ezmcsekf

64.888 plrplrf e 60.888 plrplrf, EYRC, 785.69 Yfmbfnj Drfmeā jl sfkc zf sl`l cseaurfc fotevme stftus u pcsncvfmju. Zf mjlaf jl jfsmc prliezerfmc bf

„bconl ùbl brŽfte veŦl rlċlml 64 tesuo u mfŦ ockum bconl ùbu stfjfte u mfŦ ockum rlċlme bemfremf tue pnftu oce è stfjfne vcnjfm uzekfte cplt stfvete acspcbem vcjlbf Yfmbfn ocneoc orftf ku acbl

zf svcaf Ževctf ‛, EYRC, 988.




91

slbfk tesuo buoft f Ŧlst tesuo buoft pcstfveŦl u ockum bu`rcvfċoe mf bcèt mf vsf-oc acbeŦtl bf ke bfju plt pc ofmtlmfr ...‛.62

Xcrlb tcaf prliezerfmc jl bf unfafċ kcŽl u coveru mfvlblmca neketf snc`cbmcvrŦete ezkjlml uncŽlmed srlbstfvf.6< Ofc carfmeċlmjl pcstfvnjlm jl ctofzme rco, plre-cb u ocjlk sl cbrlĖlmf ezkjlmf kcrf mfjfvete bf ku Bu`rcvċfme preprlkl mcvfi,u trfjfmju cb bvf kjlslif.67 \vrŦtlmf jl e cpcruof ocjf prlbveĖf bf ekcvemf cstfmlmfsnejlĖu pc kuŦocj pf e Žlmsocj nemeje, tl kcauāmcst bf sl unfafċ c tckl e pcsl`-mck cpcruock ezjfsme.61

Xfvncveāe su `lz prc`nlkf cstvfrevfne svcju bcèt bc suoc`f s Bu`rcvmeock6298.a.64 Cb pcċltof bc orfjf ocmfvcsoca rftf e unfafmjl mf bcèt jl pctlzfmc umjedcvek klĖusc`mek cbmcsekf. Xrlb pcċltfo suoc`f Pfbcsnfvnjlve pcsnfmeie sutrfŽene bcèt e sfv unca. Bu`rcvċfme ek mesu bfne unca pczevfjuāe sl mf bvckjlslċmectofzme rco.65 Rcock 6296. e 6290.a. u pcouŦfjekf bepnckftsoca rjlŦlmjf suoc`fBu`rcvċfme su uonjuċevfne e cvc pcsncvfmjl trfŽlāe bf Pfbcsnfv svcjek uncack ebcète ml kcŽl rfspcnfafte ofc pcoreāl zf prltrpnjlmu Ŧtltu u rftu.08 Bu`rcvċfme sutfoc kfjf 6296,a, predvftene jlbmu Pfbcsnfvnjlvu pcmubu zf ker, mfvcblāe ofc us-ncv, ezklĖu cstfnca, bf sl ezvrŦe zfkrzfvfmjl Pfbcsnfvnjlvca pcsncvfmjf, tj. bf mf-rlbmed blslt acbemf Pfbcsnfv ml cstvfrujl ofkftl cb uncaf mf bcèt.06 Xrlbrfb-mjl sfċemjfvfmjf pcvlnjf c keru esorestfnezerfne su zfkrzfvfmjl u trfjfmju cb bvejl acbeml.00 Y ezanlbck mcrkfnezfiejl cbmcsf pcsncvfmjl jl c`mcvnjlmc. PfbcsnfvXfvncveā u svcjcj pcvlnje 6290.a. mfvcbe bf„... ecŦtl kl cplt vrfteŦl u bcdcbfo oc-mfvfcsoe e u bcètfo pjlmlze oce su u med ockumu ...‛.09 Xrftlāl pcvlnjl c keru cb0<.68. 6290.a. pcofzuju mf ocje mfċem jl unfafmjl mf bcèt mfstfvnjlmc. Efoc sl mfocm pcsteamutca kerf Xfvncveāe vrfāfju u cvu vrstu pcsncvfmjf e kcau cstvfrevfte bcèt,anfvmeick, mf ucèċfjlme mfċem ez rfmejed bcacvcrf, kcau rfspcnfafte tlo pc estloubvejl acbeml cb pcċltof kerf. Bu`rcvċfme tc prliezmc mfvcbl : „...e mjlku pcvrftes-

62 EYRC, 769, 76<-767.6< „bf sfk vcnjfm uzekfte e cplt stfnjfte oce ke acbjl bec ct tjld rlċlmeld buoft ‛, EYRC, <55, 76<.67 „e ofbf acbjl èd dctec uzlte cvle rlċlmjl buoftl fne oce bec cb med bf bfk mf zmfmjl prel tcaf ofb ed

ùblkc dtjlte uzlte bvf kjlslif ‛, EYRC.61 EYRC, 767.64 BFB, Icmseneuk Pcaftcruk (bfnjl: Icms. Pca.), EW, 29― (85.86. 6204.)? EW, 58-58― (81.89. 6205.).65 RP\DLNOF ć., Ocmfvòsoe rft..., 6<8.08 EYRC, 658, 086.06 BFB, Icms. Pca. W, < (85.8<. 6296).00 BFB, Icms. Pca., W, 688― (6<.84. 6290)? 682― (67.85. 6290).09 YYXX E/6, 709. Rc estc pctvrĖuju e Bu`rcvċfme, EYRC, 705.




94

kc bemfrl ocjl ùbu u mfŦlk ockumu mf < pc olmtlmfr f s tlkle mfċemck bf ed mlkcŽl uzlte bc 0 acbeŦte cb ocnl svrdf keru ùbl f mfocm 0 acbeŦte bf cmfoc stcjl

ofoc sl ubrŽe u prvld pcvlnjfd, f u cvfj 0 acbeŦtf bf ku sl bfjl bcètjl < pc olmtl-mfr mf acbeŦtl. EcŦt bf kcŽl pcncŽet pelmlz u mfŦ ockum ofoc sl peŦl u stfrld pcvln-

jfd mf bcèt e mf ezltjl cvld ...‛.02 Bfonl, rfspcnfafmjl anfvmeick cb 7.888 buoftf ènc jl zfkrzmutc. \nfafċ jl cb mjl kcafc bf u mfrlbml bvejl acbeml cstvfrujl sfkcofkftl. \ estc vrejlkl unfafċu jl ctvcrlmf kcauāmcst, kekc tl anfvmeil, bf mfs-tfve pcsncvfmjl bruaek unczekf. Bfnjl, zf rftml acbeml, ofc me cstfnl predcbl, bcètml kcau cstvfrevfte.0< Cb 6299.a. Pfbcsnfv pcmcvc cstvfrujl bcèt e tc ċeme mfrlb-med 6292., 629<. e 6297. acbeml.07

Xcċltock 6297.a. Xfvncveāe prfvl prckjlmu u pcsncvfmju. WrŦl unfafmjl mcved988 buoftf e 788 plrplrf ofc zfsl`mu anfvmeiu.01 Mf sfkck orfju 6297.a. Xfvncveāecbnuċuju bf neoveberfju anfvmeiu cb 7.888 buoftf e bf cstvfrl mcvc unfafmjl s ezmcskf cb 0.<88 buoftf e 5.888 plrplrf. Rekl su cplt c`neocvfne pcċltme ezmcs cb uoupmc 7888 buoftf, kfbf bejlnck u buoftekf f bejlnck u bu`rcvfċoek bemfrekf (rf-mejf anfvmeif 988 buoftf e 788 plrplrf + mcvf anfvmeif 0.<88 buoftf e 5.888 plrplrf).04 Xcċltock mfrlbml 6291.a., tf trfmsfoiejf jl rlfnezerfmf unfafmjlk 0.<88 bu-oftf e 5.888 plrplrf.05

02

EYRC, 705. \pcrlbe: EYRC, 706.0< Xfvncveāe ml kcau cstvfrete ocmfvcsoe bcdcbfo, bcètfo cb uncaf, predcbl sf zlknjl u bu`rcvfċockoctfru, mete cb pfnfċl u Bu`rcvmeou, „...cb pcċltof rftf bc svrŦlmejf kerf ...‛, EYRC, 706, 705-798.

07 Rc ml uspejlvf u bvf mfvrftf tcock slptlk`rf e cotc`rf, mlac u mcvlk`ru 6299., f zf 6290.a., BFB,Icms. Pca., W, 676 (61.85. 6299)? 618― (98.68. 6299)? 61< (61.66. 6299)? zf 6299.a. BFB, Icms.Pca., W, 096― (6<.66. 6292)? zf 6292.a.: BFB, Icms. Pca., W, 045 (86.81. 629<)? zf 629<.a. WE, 04(62.86. 6297).

01 Zf unca 988 buoftf e 788 plrplrf bu`rcvfċoed bemfrf sfċuvfmc jl ofsmejl ènjlŽlmjl mfvcĖlmjlk ocbneovebfiejl fuaustf 6295.a.: „ol `ldckc pcncŽene u bu`rcvfċoe ockum mf bcètel mf < pc olmtemfr uvrekl rcŽlstvf Drestcvf mf 6297 njltf prve bfm keslif prvfr 988 buoft znftjld e 7 sfft plrplr bemfr ‛,YYXX E/6, 791-794? BFB, Icms. Pca., WE, 94― (89.80. 6297). \nca pcbsjlāf mf ezmcsl ofkftf cbanfvmeil (zf jlbmu acbemu cb anfvmeil 7.888 buoftf) e acbeŦmjla bcdctof cb ocmfvcsoca treùtf (788 plrplrf). Zf cvu anfvmeiu bcèt jl ̀ lz ezmcsf pcklmutf orfjlk blilk`rf 6297.a.: „ prcbl umeus fmmefnncruk buiftcruk trlilmtcruk fure lt yplrplrcruk slxilmtcruk ‛, zf prcŦnu acbemu, BFB, Icms.Pca., WE, 689― (98.60. 6297). Cmf jl cstvfrlmf pcċltock mfrlbml acbeml, emtlrlsfmtmek pcklmck,u uoupmck ezmcsu cb 0< buoftf, BFB, Icmseneuk Kemus WEE, 664 (66.86. 6291). Esprfvmc: cb 98buoftf ofkftl 6< buoftf e cb 788 plrplrf ofkftl 98 plrplrf, tj. 68 buoftf.

04 BFB, Icms. Pca., WE 689― (98.60 6297) (bfterfmc s 6291. acbemck, pc rfċumfmju pcċltof acbeml s0<. blilk`rck.

05 Ofmilnfr Meocnf (MeoŦf) Zvejlzbeā ènjlŽe pcb 68. 86. 6291.a. bf Bu`rcvċfme prekfju „cb acspcbemfvclvcbl Pfbcsfvf semf kmcacpcċtlmcaf spcklmutjf snfvmfac acspcbemf omlzf Xfvnf bvel tesuol




95

Ofkftl mf mcvl anfvmeil (zf prvcètme ezmcs) pcbeŽu pcċltock 6295.a. Pf-bcsnfv Xfvncveā prekf tfbf bcèt zf bvejl acbeml u uoupmck ezmcsu cb 048 buoftf e

578 plrplrf zf svcjl bvejl anfvmeil: 98

Anfvmeil acbeŦmjfofkftf

ofkftlzf 0 acbeml

Xrvf anfvmeif 988 buoftf788 plrplrf

6< buoftf98 plrplrf

98 buoftf78 plrplrf

Bruaf anfvmeif 0.<88 buoftf5.888 plrplrf

60< buoftf2<8 plrplrf

0<8 buoftf588 plrplrf

JcŦ jlbmf prckjlmf u pcsncvfmju ezvrŦlmf jl srlbemck 6295.a. Rfbf XfvncveāebeŽu svcjl anfvmeil e bcèt. Cmf jl mfanf e rlzuntft jl rlklālmjf stfmjf u zfnlĖu z`casuoc`f Pfbcsnfvf Xfvncveāf e Ytjlpfmf Wuoċeāf Ocsfċl. Pfbcsnfv, supruaf ku Rlc-bcrf e sem EvfmeŦ pctvrĖuju 65. 4. 6295.a. bf ek Bu`rcvċfme bfbcŦl, „... mfŦl pcstfvl

plmlze e buoft ol `ldckc pcncŽene u bu`rcvfċou ockum mf bcètejl mf < pc olmtemfr ...‛, zftek mfvcbl anfvmeil cb 6.0. 6297.a. s ezmcsck cb 988 buoftf e 788 plrplrf,tl cb 66.6. 6291.a. s ezmcsck cb 0.<88 buoftf e 5.888 plrplrf, f uz mjed „...ecŦt pre-keskc ... Ŧtc me bcpfbl bcètjl cb med ockumf cb veŦl rlċlmed pcstfvnjlmed pjlmlze ebuoft ...‛, e mf orfju pctvrĖuju pctpumu neovebfieju pcsncvfmjf, „...e meŦtf vlol pjlm-lze mfŦed ml cstf u ockum bu`rcvfċoe bc bfmfŦmlaf bml tcneoc cb pcstfvmjld oc-

e < ift buof tznfteld ecŦt prekeskc 5 tesuof plrplrf bemfr ‛, YYXX E/6, 799-792. Ocb mjedcvlneovebfiejl, fuaustf 6295.a., Xfvncveāe zf cvu anfvmeiu mfvcbl: „ol `jldckc pcncŽene... mf 6291 njltcbfm 66 keslif almfrf ‛, YYXX E/6, 791-794.

98 Jfmufrf 6295.a. Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā upuāujl prezmfmeiu ocjck svjlbcċe bf prekf „0<8 buoft znftjld zfbcètfo cb bvjl tesuoe e < ift buoft ocl skc pcstfvene u ockum bu`rcvfċoe mf bcètel mf < pc olmtemfr

zf oce bcètfo lsfk pnffolm zf vsf vrlklmf kemutf e zf 0 acbeŦte ocjf su svrŦenf bc vrlklm rcŽlstvf

Drestcvf mf 6295 njltc mf < keslif almfr... EcŦt preked... 98 buoft znftjld cb 988 buoft zf bcètfoocl skc pcstfvene u ockum bu`rcvfċoe mf < pc olmtemffr zf oce bcètfo lsfk pnfolm zf vsf vrlklmfkemutff e zf bvl acbeŦte bc vrlklm rcŽlstvf Drestcvf mf 6295 prve prvfrf. EcŦt preked... 78 plrplrf

zf bcètfo cb 788 plrplrf ocl skc pcstfvene u ockum bu`rcvfċoe mf bcètel < pc olmtemfr zf ocebcètfo lsfk pnffolm zf vsf vrlklmf kemutff e zf bvjl acbeŦte bc rcŽlstvf Drestcvf mf 6295 prve

prvfr. EcŦt preked... 5 ift plrplr zf bcètfo cb 5 tesuo plrplr ocl skc pcstfvene u ockum bu`rcvfċoemf bcètel mf < pc olmtemfr zf oce bcètfo lsfk pnffolm zf vsf vrlklmf kemutff e zf bvjl acbeŦte bcvrlklm rcŽlstvf Drestcvf mf 6295 mf 68 bme almvfr ‛, YYXX, E/6, 79<-797. \ prezmfmeie PfbcsnfvfXfvncveāf ezkjlŦfml su c`jl anfvmeil pc premiepu mfvcĖlmjf, prvc zf buoftl, pf cmbf zf plrplrl.Epfo zf svfoe ezmcs jl mfvlblmc ez ocjla jl uncaf (tj. anfvmeil). Zf prvu anfvmeiu (988 buoftf e 788 plrplrf) mfvlblm jl rco prestezfmjf 6. gl`rufr (prvfr), f zf bruau (0.<88 buoftf e 5.888 plrplrf),mlbcsnjlbmc, <. e 68. jfmufr.




28

neoc cb bcètjf... (pcbvuofc L.O.).‛96 Pfznca cvl prckjlml jl mlstfmfo kfteif uncafXfvncveāf. \ pckjlrfmju ez Rrlèmjf esprlb Ytjlpfmf Wuoċeāf, cme ml uspejlvfju bf

prlmlsu svcju bcouklmtfieju.90

Bu`rcvċfme su prlb Pfbcsnfvf Xfvncveāf pcstfvene mez uvjltf ofoc è sl subecm-eie u pcsncvfmju zfŦtetene. \procs cseaurfmjekf, neovebfiejf pcsncvfmjf ènf jl prevftnjevc rjlŦlmjl. Bu`rcvċfme su trfŽene bf ċetfvf pcrcbeif Xfvncveāf ùbl uvrŦtlmf u pcvlnju e prezmfmeiu c ezuzekfmju mcvif. Pfċumfne su e mf pczeieju Irovl `csfmsoocjf jl svcjek prlbstfvmeock trl`fnf uċlstvcvfte u fotu neovebfiejl.99 \ uspjlŦmcezvrŦfvfmjl cvca bezfmjf, tekl e bcofzevfmjl sfbrŽfjf ezau`njlmed kfteif, pcsrlbmc jl ̀ ec uonjuċlm e ̀ csfmsoe orfnj Rvrtoc EE Rvrtocveā. \ prlverfmjekf srlbemck 6295.aEvfmeŦ Xfvncveā sl mfnfzec u @c`cviu ocb orfnjf Rvrtof EE. \ neovebfieje anfv

if Xfvncveāf ènf jl pctrl`mf e mjlacvf pctvrbf. Rvrtoc EE jfvnjf Bu`rcvċfmekf bf jl EvfmeŦ svcju c`fvlzu espumec.92 Efoc su srlbemck 6295.a. uspjlne bf ezuzku svcjl uncal neovebfiejck pcsncvfmjf, u fotu neovebfiejl kcrfne su bf mfanfsl zf uùbuālbf „foc ̀ e skc ed ekfne bf ed bfkc vnfstlnck bu`rcvfċiek ‛.9< Cvck neovebfiejck jlunfafmjl mf bcèt zf Ževctf Pfbcsnfvf Xfvncveāf ènc zfvrŦlmc.

96 YYXX, E/6, 791-794. Ezmcs bcètof sl ml mfvcbe. Zfdvfnjujuāe zfbmjcj pctvrbe prejlkf bcètof e pcċltof 6295.a., abjl su mfvlblme bfme prespjlāf bcètof pcjlbemed anfvmeif (EYRC, 797), cm slkcŽl pre`neŽmc ezrfċumfte. Zf prvu anfvmeiu tc jl bcètfo cb 7, f zf bruau cb 1 kjlslie, tj. coc 678buoftf.

90 \ pcvlnje Pfbcsnfvf Xfvncveāf, ocjf jl ekfnf e gumoieju prezmfmeil, mfvcbe sl „f cv mfŦ zfpes e pcvlnju pcvlnlskc upesfte mcvuu zfŦtc ekf sl rfzkerel sf acspcbemck vclvcbck Ytlpfmck semf acspcbemfomlzf Wuoif Drfmeof f semcvif kmcacpcċtlmcaf spcklmutjf acspcbemf Yfmbfnf èvŦfac vlnlofacvclvcbl `csfmsocaf ofb prelke mfŦ arfb u Rrlèmju. Rue ke uzl zffpesl e pcvlnl cb veŦl rlċmjld

pcstfvff Ŧtc ekfdckc cb omlzf e vnfstlc bu`rcvfċijld u ockum bu`rcvfċoe ‛, YYXX, E/6, 794-795.99 EzklĖu cstfned uanlbmeof zf neovebfieju pcsncvfmjf Pfbcsnfv jl kcrfc pcsnfte u Bu`rcvmeo e jlbmca

cb vfŽmejed prlbstfvmeof Irovl `csfmsol („blèf kfmbfrl umc blnne sucy pftfreme peu idfre ltbennlite‛), BEMEć Kedfenc, Ez bu`rcvfċoca frdevf EEE, Yrpsof fofblkejf mfuof e ukltmcste, Z`crmeozf estcreju, jlzeo e omjeŽlvmcst srpsoca mfrcbf, Rrlāl cblnjlmjl 00, @lcarfb 6571., 659-652. \pcrlbe,EYRC, 00<. \z cstfnl u blnlafieje u tck svcjstvu presutfm jl èc „orstjfmem PfbfŦem WuoŦeā‛, YYXX,

E/6, 791.92 \ pesku Rvrtof EE Bu`rcvċfmekf sl mfvcbe bf su u @c`cvfi bcŦne bu`rcvfċoe pcsnfmeie s prftmjck„snual‛ vcjvcbl Pfbcsnfvf (sve su bfte pceklmeċmc), f „ zf bucacvfmjl klaju vfke s vcjlvcbck

Pfbcsfvck e Ŧmjlacvlk bckck e omlzlk EvfmeŦlk mfvnfŦt zf tue pcstfvu of l ènf u vfs vcjlvcbl Pfbcsfvf e cvc Ŧtc stl pcesofne cb vcjlvcbl Pfbcsfvf ofoc vfk sl jl cm zfonlc e svceck acspcack e s tlke s oeke stlve dtelne bf è sl tfoce e omlz EvfmeŦ zfonlc. Fvc cve vfŦe vnfstlneċeoe bcŦfbċl e s cvlk snuack vcjlvcbl Pfbcsfvf s Pfbclk te pcsfc cprfveŦl cvble u mfŦlk arfbu u @c`cviu. Omlz sl EvfmeŦ zfonl e preslŽl mf Ŧtc af su esofne ofoctc jl e vcjlvcbf Pfbcsfv e mjlacvf acspcjf Rcbcrf. Rfevfk nest zf svlbcċù bf tckue vlrujltl e @ca vfs vlslne ‛, YYXX, E/6, <6<-<67. \pcrlbe: MENLWEć@cres , Wcjvcbf EvfmeŦ Xfvncveā, Xrencze Emstetutf zf estcreju (TEW) 62-6<, Yfrfjlvc 6514., (bfnjl:Wcjvcbf EvfmeŦ), 925-976, 9<2.

9< YYXX E/6, 795.




26

EvfmeŦ Xfvncveā

Mcvc pcanfvnjl ctvfrfju mjlacve mfsnjlbmeie, prejl sved u pcsncvl zftvfrfmjl oc-mfvcsoca oruaf cb pcċltof uonjuċlme EvfmeŦ Xfvncveā. \ fotevmcste coc prcbfjl Oc-mfvfnf 6207.a. EvfmeŦ jl uvrŦtlm ofc lnlklmt afrfmiejl ezvrŦlmca fotf pcb utjlifjlkBu`rcvċfmf, efoc jl tfbf ekfc svlaf tre acbeml. Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā jl ukrc orfjlk6226.a., f mjlacvu pcneteċou e pcsncvmu pczeieju mfsnejlbec jl EvfmeŦ.97

Xreneock pctvrĖevfmjf prcbfjl Ocmfvfnf 6220.a., EvfmeŦu s `rfāck Xltrck e Meocnck pruŽlmf jl kcauāmcst bf mfstfve pcsncvfmjl e unfŽl mcvfi mf bcèt s ezmc-sck bc 68.888 buoftf. EvfmeŦ Xfvncveā „ekfvŦl sfvlt e iec zacvcr sf `neŽeofke e sfez`rfmelke vnfstlne acspcitvf ke ‛ pctvrĖujl svl bctfbfŦmjl pcvlnjl u klĖusc`mekcbmcsekf Xfvncveāf e Bu`rcvċfmf e ezvrŦlmc ustupfmjl Ocmfvfnf, gcrkunfrck oupcprcbfjl ez orfjf 6207.a.91 Bu`rcvċfme 68.60. 6220.a. pctvrĖuju EvfmeŦu e `rfāeku Xltru e Meocne mjedcvf prfvf prcestlonf ez prcbfjl ocju jl ezvrŦec mjedcv ctfi Pf-bcsnfv Xfvncveā e, ezklĖu cstfnca, c`lāfvfju mjekf e mjedcvek pctckiekf bf āl prekete, „...u mfŦu ockum u oc acbl vrlkl bc 68 tesuā buoft znftld ... e bf ek ekfkcbfvfte cb veŦl rlċlmed buoft mf svfoc acbeŦtl < pc olmtlmfr ...‛.94 EvfmeŦ jl, vebnje-vc, mfsnejlbec e unca s neketck cb 7.888 buoftf ocje jl bcèc mjlacv ctfi Pfbcsnfv.E tfbf Bu`rcvċfme pcbsjlāfju EvfmeŦf bf trfŽe zfau`njlml bcouklmtl cb YtjlpfmfWuoċeāf.95

Cvu prevenlaeju cme cstvfruju tre acbeml ofsmejl. Xcċltock jumf 622<.a. Wejlālukcnjlmed cbc`rfvf vcjvcbe EvfmeŦu e `rfāe unfafmjl mcvif mf bcèt, e tc srlbst-vf ocjf prlbstfvnjfju ŦlstcacbeŦmje ocmfvcsoe treùt.28 Bu`rcvċfme 02. WE 622<.a. pctvrĖuju prejlk 9.788 plrplrf mf bcèt.26 Xcċltock blilk`rf 6221.a. Xfvncveāe

97 C EvfmeŦu Xfvncveāu upcrlbe: ćCPCWEć W., Ez prcŦncste @csml e Dlrilacveml (6. Wcjvcbf EvfmeŦXfvncveā, 0. Xetfmjl Žlmeb`l Dlrilaf Ytjlpfmf e mjlacved semcvf 62<<), AMĎ 24, @lcarfb 6595.,

699-62<? MENLWEć @., Wcjvcbf EvfmeŦ ..., 925-976.91 YRCJFMCWEć Nj., Ytfrl srpsol pcvlnjl e peskf , E/0, YOF, Z`crmeo zf estcreju, jlzeo e omjeŽlvmcstsrpsoca mfrcbf, Xrvc cblnjlmjl 02, @lcarfb-Y.Ofrncvie 6592., (bfnjl: YYXX E/0), 688-682.

94 \ Nj. Ytcjfmcveāf mlpcblsfm mfsncv bcouklmtf, YYXX E/0, 682-684, 687-681.95 BFB, Icms. Pca. WEEE, 647― (69.60. 6220). ćEPOCWEć Yekf , Dlrila Ytlgfm Wuoċeā-Ocsfċf e

mjlacvc bc`f , YFM\, Xcsl`mf ezbfmjf 917, Cblnjlmjl bruŦtvlmed mfuof 24, @lcarfb 6572., <1,mfp. 1<? MENLWEć @.,Wcjvcbf EvfmeŦ ..., 9<<, mfp. 27.

28 BFB, Icms. Pca. ET, 6<5 (82.87. 622<).26 Bu`rcvċfme ocmstfterfju bf „ prekeskc cb acspcbemf vcjlvcbl EvfmeŦf e omlzf Xltrf e omlzf Meocnl

semcv pcċtlmcaf spcklmutjf acspcbemf vcjlbl Pfbcsfvf Xfvncveojf tre tesuol e Ŧlsft plrplrebemfrf... bf stcjl mf bcètjl u mfŦ ockum mf < pc olmtemfr ‛, YYXX E/0, 685-668. \pcrlbe: BEMEć




20

beŽu bcèt cb tl anfvmeil.20 Yrlbemck blilk`rf 6221.a. Bu`rcvċfme bczvcnjfvfjuXfvncveāekf bf treùt cb Ocmfvfnf uncŽl mf bcèt.29 Rfbf unfŽu 6.288 plrplrf.22

Yrlbemck cotc`rf 6224.a. Bu`rcvċfme bczvcnjfvfju Xfvncveāekf ezkjlmuanfvmeil.2< Cme tfbf beŽu 6.794 plrplrf e 2 bemfrf. Pfbe sl c mjedcvcj bruacj anfvmeiecb 6.288 plrplrf e blsltckjlslċmcj bcète mf mju u ezmcsu <4 plrplrf e 2 arcŦf. \z tcbeŽu e 648 plrplrf bcète cb svcjl prvl anfvmeil cb 9.788 plrplrf.27

Mfrlbml, 6225. acbeml, cplt, pcrlb rlbcvmca bezfmjf bcète, vrŦl E cbrlĖlml prckjlml anfvmeil. Ezuzekfju 988 plrplrf ez anfvmeil, tfoc bf ek cstfjl anfvmeif uezmcsu cb 9.988 plrplrf.21 Rfj mevc anfvmeil ezf EvfmeŦf mfsnjlĖuju mjlacvf `rfāf Xl-tfr e Meocnf.

Xcsnjlbmje Xfvncveāe

Mfocm EvfmeŦcvl skrte, mcvlk`rf 62<8.a., mf pcsjlbu Xfvncveāf zfjlbmeċoe suuprfvnjfne mjlacvf `rfāf, vcjvcbf Xltfr e omlz Meocnf, orcz mfrlbmed tremflst ac-bemf. Xrcbcrck Cskfmnejf e pfbck @csml 6279.a. pcrcbeif Xfvncveā jl cstfnf `lzmfsnjlbml nczl.24

K ., Bu`rcvfċoe treùte, Anfs Yrpsol orfnjlvsol fofblkejl 674, @lcarfb 659<., (bfnjl: Bu`rcvfċoetreùte), 089-0<1, 025, mfp. 60? ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā , 969-962. Zf cvfj unca X. Żevocveāsl pcarlŦmc pczevf u Ytcjfmcveāf, EYRC, 969-962. Cb 622<.a. svl bfnjl trfmsfoiejl Xfvncveāf ucvck pcsncvfmju sl c`fvnjfju u bu`rcvfċoek bemfrekf.

20 BFB, Icms. Pca. T, 620 (81. 60. 6221).29 BFB, Icms. Pca. T, 62<― (67. 60. 6221).22 Wesemf uncaf prlpczmfjl sl prlkf bezfmju tcaf ezmcsf e mjlacvl bcète zf 68 kjlslie 06. 68. 6224.a.

(vebe meŽl). Emfċl, 61. 60. 6221.a. Xfvncveāe beŽu ocmfvcsoe bcdcbfo zf tre acbeml u ezmcsu cb 6 plrplrf, BEMEć K., Bu`rcvfċoe treùte ..., 025, mfp. 69? ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 962.

2< BFB, Icms. Pca. TE, 60― (61. 68. 6224).27

Bftuk bezfmjf jl 06. 68. 6224.a. Bltfnjmc u, ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 962-96<, mfp. 75.21 Wejlāl ukcnjlmed ek cbc`rfvf tu trfmsfoieju 06.TE 6225.a., BFB, Icms. Pca. TE, 605. XcsnfmeieXfvncveāf prekfju: „ plr prcbl yplrplrcruk 9788 ... plr umc fmmc ickpnltc bel 02 eumee 6225

yplrplrcruk ilmtuk citufaemtf ‛, tl : „ plr pfrtl ifpetfnes qucb df`lmt em Ickuml yplrplrcruktreilmtcs ‛. Rfb pcbeŽu e ocmfvcsoe treùt zf bvejl acbeml u ezmcsu cb 6.088 plrplrf, f mf orfju sl ènjlŽe bf jl svluoupmc pcbeamutc (bcèt 648, bec anfvmeil 988 e ocmfvcsoe treùt 0 x 788 ; 6.748):„em tctuk plrplrcruk kennl slxilmtcruk citufaemtf ‛, BFB, Blètf Mctfrefl prc Ickum (bfnjl:Bl`. Mct. prc Ick.) E, <― (0<. 66. 6225.).

24 Zf fotevmcste pcsnjlbmjed Xfvncveāf upcrlbe: ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 986-906? MENLWEć@., Ez Ževctf pcsnjlbmjed Xfvncveāf, AcbeŦmjfo BruŦtvf estcreċfrf @csml e Dlrilacveml 04-98(6511-6515), Yfrfjlvc 6515., (bfnjl: Ez Ževctf), <5-12? EYRE,\ċlŦāl vcjvcbl Xltrf e omlzf Meocnl

Xfvncveāf u pcneteċock Ževctu srlbmjcvjlocvml @csml , Xrencze TWE/61, Yfrfjlvc 6548., 76-74.




29

Xcsnjlbmje Xfvncveāe, Xltfr e Meocnf, u cvck pcsncvfmju kcau sl prftete cbfprenf 62<6.a. Xrcnjlāl mejl ucèċfjlmc vrlklmsoc cbrlbeŦtl zf prestezfmjl bcète

Xfvncveāekf, pf jl preènjlŽlmc bf cme beŽu bcèt zf prltdcbml bvejl acbeml (62<8 e62<6), tj. bc 02.WE 62<6.a. Bcèt zf bvejl acbeml cb anfvmeil 9.988 plrplrf jl ezmcse-nf 998 plrplrf (tj. 0 x 66<).25 Cċetc ek jl mcvfi trl`fc u vlālk ezmcsu, pf su trfŽenee zfjfk umfprejlb cb svcjed predcbf, ocje ek mejl cbc`rlm.<8 Fne, cbc`rlmc ek jl epfobf kcau cb anfvmeil pcbeamute 6.888 plrplrf, Ŧtc cme e ċeml.<6

Rrfacve c mcvck stfmju u pcsncvfmju Xfvncveāf prftl sl orcz bcouklmtlez 62<2.a. Rlo ofbf jl suoc` Bu`rcvċfmf sf dlrilack Ytjlpfmck Wuoċeālk, u„bruack ctvfrfmju ocmfvcsoca oruaf‛, èc zfvrŦlm. Cbc`rlmjl su bcène pcċltock junf 62<2.a.<0 Rfbf pcbeŽu 92< plrplrf mf ekl trcacbeŦmjed ofkftf cb anfvmeil uezmcsu cb 0.988 plrplrf (zf 62<0, 62<9 e 62<2). Xfvncveāe pctvrĖuju prejlk 92< plrplrf bu`rcvfċoed bemfrf „ zf bcdcbfo cb bcètejf cb tre acbeŦtf cb bvel tesuā e 988

plrplr ‛, e bf „lskc pnfālme zf svf vrjlklmf kemuutf e zf cvce tre acbeŦtf ocjl su svrŦenf rcŽlstvf Drestcvf mf 62<2 njltf mf 02 bme keslif eumejf ‛.<9 Junf 62<2.a., ofbf pctvrĖuju Bu`rcvċfmekf Ocmfvnl e Wetfnjemu, cme pnfmerfju e mcvu kfteiu mf svcjfeklmf. Xretck anfvmeif cstfjl mlprckejlmjlmf.<2

\ mjedcvc vrejlkl cvfj veb pcsncvfmjf usncŽmjlm jl s jcŦ tre uncaf. Cotc`rf62<<.a. unfŽu <88 plrplrf.<< Bvejl acbeml ofsmejl, 62<1.a., beŽu 95< plrplrf ofkftf

25 BFB, Bl`. Mct. prc Ick., E, 66 (80. 82. 62<6).<8 BEMEć K., Bu`rcvfċoe treùte ..., 025.<6 BFB, Icms. Pca. TEE, 24― (87. 82. 62<6). Bezfmjl mf csmcvu cvl bczvcnl sfsvek seaurmc jl ezvrŦlmc.

Webe meŽl.<0 BFB, Icms. Pca. TEW, 10 (60. 81. 62<2).<9 YYXX E/0, 62<-627, 627. Bcouklmft jfsmc pcofzujl bf sl trcacbeŦmjf bcèt cb 92< plrplrf cb

anfvmeil 0.988 plrplrf kcŽl prftete cb 62<6.a. Xrlkf tckl, bczvcnf ez fprenf 62<6.a. ènf jlcplrfiecmfnezerfmf ezuzekfmjlk ez anfvmeil 6.888 plrplrf bu`rcvfċoed bemfrf, uncŽlmed 622<.a. Rc pctvrĖujl e suvrlklme rlalst mfpesfm mf prezmfmeie: „...bln prcgetc bln ickum plrplre 92< plr ne fme EEE bl plrplre 0988 ...‛, ĎPLKCŨMEO A., @csfmsol e duksol pcvlnjl srlbmjla vejlof EEE, AZK Mcvfslrejf &, Yfrfjlvc 65<6., 40-665, 667.

<2 EYRC, 627-624. Ockèmfiejf prlkf ocjcj è ekfne bvf uncaf, 0.988 e 92< plrplrf,„... f zfelbfm0.72< plrplrf ...‛, mejl cstvfrlmf jlr sl bfnjl kcŽl prftete sfkc anfvmeif cb 0.988 plrplrf. YfŦtfkpfrsock arlŦock (0.<88 plrplrf), upcrlbe, ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 967.

<< Xcsnfmstvc Xfvncveāf bcènc jl bczvcnu 69.T 62<<.a. bf pcbeaml ocmfvcsoe treùt zf jlbmu acbemu(788 plrplrf) tl bf uncŽe mcvfi mf bcèt, BFB, Icms. Pca. TEW, 067―. Ekfne su emstruoieju bf uncŽl<88 plrplrf, e tfj sl ezmcs bfnjl kcŽl prftete. \pcrlbe sf pcarlŦmek bftukck, ŻEWOCWEć X., PfbeċCzresfnjeā ..., 961 mfp. 14.




22

cb bvejl anfvmeil. Cb prvl anfvmeil (0.988 plrplrf) beŽu zf tre acbeml 92< plrplrf,f cb brual (<88 plrplrf) beŽu zf bvejl acbeml <8 plrplrf.<7

Anfvmeil acbeŦmjf bcèt

0.988 plrplrf 66< plrplrf zf 9 acbeml ; 92<

<88 plrplrf 0< plrplrf zf 0 acbeml ; <8

Xreknjlml ofkftl (95< plrplrf) e ocmfvcsoe bcdcbfo (788 plrplrf), tj. uoupmc55< plrplrf, unfŽu mf bcèt ofc trlāu anfvmeiu. Blilk`rf 62<1.a. unfŽu jcŦ 788 plrplrf cb ocmfvcsoca bcdctof, ofc ċltvrtu anfvmeiu.<1 Rekl Xfvncveāe u 62<4. acbemuunfzl s ċltere anfvmeil u ezmcsu cb 2.95< plrplrf. Acbeml 62<5. Xfvncveāe cstvfrujubcèt cb svcjl ċltere anfvmeil u ezmcsu cb 065 plrplrf e 5 bemfrf zf 62<4.a. Ijlnco-upmc usncŽmjlmc pcsncvfmjl è u prlanlbu ezanlbfnc cvfoc:<4

Bftuk Anfvmeif Ofkftf

bc 02.7. 62<4.a. 0.988 plrplrf 66< plrplrf

bc 6.66. 62<4.a. <88 plrplrf 0< plrplrf

bc 6.66. 62<4.a. 55< plrplrf 25 plrplrf e 5 bemfrf

bc 6.66. 62<4.a. 788 plrplrf 98 plrplrf

\oupmc: 2.95< plrplrf 065 plrplrf e 5 bemfrf

<7

Bczvcnu zf trfmsfoiejl bcèjfju 8<. T 62<1., BFB, Icms. Pca. TW 6<5. Xcsnfmeie Xfvncveāf prekfju788 plrplrf ocmfvcsoca treùtf zf 62<7. acbemu bc 86.TE. Zftek beŽu 92< plrplrf bcète zf 9 acbemlbc rcof cb 02. WE 62<1.a., cb anfvmeil u ezmcsu cb 0.988 plrplrf, tl <8 plrplrf bcète zf bvejlacbeml bc 86.TE 62<1.a. cb anfvmeil u ezmcsu cb <88 plrplrf: svluoupmc 55< plrplrf, BFB, Bl`. Mct. prc Ick., E, 9< (8<.68 62<1)? ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 961, mfp. 15.

<1 Wejlāl ukcnjlmed 86. TEE 62<1.a. cbc`rfvf bezfmjl ocmfvcsoca treùtf zf jlbmu acbemu e prekfmjlestca ofc uncaf („...beitfs blmfrecs emifseketlrek em ickumlk suplr gfitf fb prcbl quemqul prcilmtc ‛), Icms. Pca. TW, 646? ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 964 mfp. 48.

<4 Wejlāl ukcnjlmed 00. <. 62<5. cbnuċujl c bfvfmju ofkftf Xfvncveāekf („ prc prcbl blmfrees qucsdf`lt em ickuml mcstruk ‛) /BFB, Icms. Pca. TWE, 2</, f 07. <. 62<5.a. sl bltfnjmc ocmstfterfespnfāevfmjl ofkftf cb ċltere anfvmeil, BFB, Bl`. Mct. prc Ick., E, 29― (07. 8<. 62<5)? ŻEWOCWEćX., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 964, mfp. 48.




2<

Mfocm tcaf Xfvncveāe mfstfvnjfju vlā udcbfmu prfosu e tl ofkftl uz ocmfvcs-oe bcdcbfo cplt unfŽu mf bcèt. Rc è ènc 465 plrplrf e 5 bemfrf ofkftf, f s cstfnek

anfvmeifkf (2.95< plrplrf) uoupmc jl uncŽlmc <.062 plrplrf e 5 bemfrf.<5

Rfbf jl umjedcvck usncŽmjlmck pcsncvfmju pcbvuċlmf irtf e svl anfvmeil (uncze) prltvcrlmlsu u jlbmu, s ezmcsck cb <.062 plrplrf e 5 bemfrf, s rcock espnftl ofkftf bc 6. mc-vlk`rf. Wlā mfrlbml acbeml, blilk`rf 6278.a., Xfvncveāe cb anfvmeil <.062 plrplrfe 5 bemfrf cstvfruju bcèt, ofkftl u ezmcsu 078 plrplrf e 5 arcŦf.78

Xcsnejl cvl acbeml mlkf pczmfted pcbftfof c unfafmju e bezfmju ofkftf u pc-rcbeie Xfvncveāf. \cċnjevf jl prfosf bf cme svcju acbeŦmju bcèt uz ocmfvcsoe bcdc-bfo unfŽu uz rfmeju anfvmeiu. Rfoc jl mjedcvc unfafmjl mf bcèt cvek svcjlvrsmek„gezeċoek‛ zfrfċumfvfmjlk ofkftf pcbeamutc mf veŦe mevc. Ru su prfosu vjlrcvftmcmfstfvene 6278. e bfnjl svl bc 6279.a. Mf tfj su mfċem (e pre`neŽfm prcrfċum ̀ e tc pcof-zfc) kcane bcāe bc iegrl cb 5.888 plrplrf e acbeŦmjla bcètof cb 2<8 plrplrf, tj. ie-grl ocjf jl pczmftf e ocb, suntfmf Kldklbf EE 6212.a.76

Mcvfi uncŽlm mf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeou mfbŽevec jl Xfvncveāl, pf neovebfiejf tedsrlbstfvf mf ucèċfjlme mfċem mejl me ezvrŦlmf. JcŦ u acbeme pfbf @csml, tj. 65. 76279.a., Esf-`la Esdfocveā prloc Kfdkub-pfŦl Kemltcveāf trfŽe cb Bu`rcvċfmf„pconfb‛ Xfvncveāf ocje jl ezmcsec 5.888 bemfrf (3), vfnjbf plrplrf, „...e èc mfvfk 5 denjfbl bemfrl Buprcvfsilk e tcvr Xfvncveoemu ...‛.70 Mf trfŽlmjl Esf-`lafEsdfocveāf Bu`rcvċfme su mlaftevmc cbacvfrene.79 E blslt acbeml ofsmejl sl prf-te mluspjlŦfm pcouŦfj. Yuntfm Kldklb EE 6212.a. sl c`rfāf Bu`rcvċfmekf bf „cb

Xfvncveojf pcstfvl Ŧtc l u Bu`rcvmeou pcstfnlmc blvlt denjfb plrplr f cb tlde plrplr bcdcbe vsfoc acbeŦtl ċltere stf e plt blslt plrplr ... f cb ocnl l ukrzc Xfvncv-eo pckmcac l cb lbem mf blsltl acbem ofoc l ukrln Xfvncveo cb mzlaf veŦl pesfmc-

af ml bcŦnf lbmf jfsprf u dfzmu ifrstvf ke bf mlof zmftl ofoc zfpcvlbf ifrstvcke zf lbmz mf blsltl acbem Ŧtc l bcdcbof cb tlde plrplr ... bf prlbftl snual e ifrst-vf ke ‛.72 <5 \ X. Żevocveāf cvfj unca jl upesfm s 68 plrplrf veŦl, tj. u preknjlmek e pcmcvc uncŽlmek ofkftfkf

mfvcbe 405 plrplrf e 5 bemfrf, ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 964, mfp. 48.78 BFB, Bl`. Mct. prc Ick. E, 25― (80. 60. 6278.a.)? ŻEWOCWEć X., Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā ..., 964 mfp. 48.KeŦnjlmjl futcrf bf jl Pfbeċ Czresfnjeā zf svcjl acspcbfrl u tcou 62<1-6278.a. mfpnftec coc 2.988 plrplrf ml kcŽl sl prftete mete skftrfte tfċmek, EYRC, 961-964.

76 „... cb Xfvncveojf pcstfvl Ŧtc l u Bu`rcvmeou pcstfnlmc blvlt denjfb plrplr f cb tlde plrplr bcdcbevsfoc acbeŦtl ċltere stf e plt blslt plrplr ... ‛, YYXX E/0, 0<6-0<0.

70 YYXX E/0, 012.79 Wejlāl ukcnjlmed cbnuċujl: „rlspcmblmbe mumiec vcyucbl Lxl`lade prc gfitc treùtcruk bl

Xfuncueide qul pltet, sl lxiusfmbc ‛, (67. 81. 6272.), RP\DLNOF ćespc., Rursoc-sncvjlmso klmeiebu`rcvfċol frdevl , Yfrfjlvc 6566., 651.

72 YYXX E/0, 0<6-0<0.




27

Bu`rcvċfme, ezanlbf e tfbf, uspejlvfju bf bcofŽu mlcprfvbfmcst zfdtjlvf s c`ze-rck mf ekcvemu Xfvncveāf. C`fvlzl prlkf Xfvncveāekf, zf rfzneou cb bruaed fotlrf

cvca pcsncvfmjf ocje su mfbŽevjlne 6279.a., cteŦnl su u zf`crfv.7<

***

\ unfafmju mcvif mf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeou Xfvncveāe sl kcau prftete u vrlklm-sock plrecbu cb 6201. bc 6278.a. Jlbemf zmfċfjmf pfuzf, vrejlkl u ocjlk mesu ekf-ne uncŽlmca mcvif u Bu`rcvmeou, prlbstfvnjf plrecb ezklĖu 6295.-622<.a.

Ctvfrfmjl pcsncvfmjf vlzfmc zf vcnju e emtlrls Bu`rcvċfmf e vnfsmeof Ocmfv-fnf rlaunerfmc jl pcsl`mek mfjfvfkf ofc kcauāmcst bftf cbrlĖlmek csc`fkf. \n-fafmjl mcvif mf bcèt mejl ènc snc`cbmc locmcksoc pcsncvfmjl u cbmcsekf Bu- `rcvmeof e zfnlĖf, mlac rlzuntft klĖusc`ml locmcksoc-pcneteċol sfrfbmjl umutfrocmfvcsoca oruaf. Yfmbfnjlvc pczmfvfmjl unfafmjf mcvif mf bcèt kcŽl sl skf-trfte ètmek u zfŽevnjfvfmju pcsncvfmjf. Cmc jl rlzuntft prlacvfrfmjf u ocjlk sl em-tlrlsmc stfmjl oupif e prcbfvfċf prcbuŽfvf umutfr ocmfvcsoca oruaf prltvfrfmjlku cbmcs `fmofrf e ŦtlbeŦl. Mesu pczmfte fote ocjekf sl pcsl`mc rlaunerfnc cvc pcsnc-vfmjl. Yvl Ŧtc sl zmf pctjlċl ez pcvlnjf e prved bcouklmftf c cstvfrlmek pcċltmekunczekf. Me tcock pcsncvfmjf, mf cmek kjlstekf abjl sl pcouŦfvfnc cbstupete cbucèċfjlmca retkf pcsncvfmjf, mejl ènc prezevfmjf mf mlol pcsl`ml gcrkunfrl, bc mf pcċltml pcvlnjl e bcouklmtl c prvek unfafmjekf. Efoc af pczmfte ezvcrme pcofzftlnjeml pcjfŦmjfvfju bc 6265.a., stfrtmf jlbmcstfvmcst u prliezerfmju pcmfŦfmjf subecmeof, ocjf jl esofzfmf u pcvlnjfkf c oupcprcbfje Ocmfvfnf 6265., cbmcsmc 6207.a.,vcbe prltpcstfvie bf jl cmc svekf ènc pctpumc jfsmc. Xc svlku sublāe cmc jl, pcuzcru mf rfzvejlmejl tfnejfmsol ockuml, u bcvcnjmcj kjlre e u Bu`rcvmeou pczmftc(vjlrcvftmc e prekjlmjevfmc klĖu pcjlbemiekf u Bu`rcvmeou e prejl 6265.a.). Mjl-acv cover, u ocjlk su`jlot pcneteċol vnfste u Bu`rcvmeou, brŽfvf, prluzekf uncau `fmofrf mejl bc tfbf pczmft u Bu`rcvmeou. Rc jl ujlbmc e mcvf beklmzejf locmck-soc-pcneteċoca ezrfŽfvfmjf strftlaejl Bu`rcvmeof u cstvfrevfmju emtlrlsf u ocmfvc-sock oruau e Ŧerl u cbmcsekf Bu`rcvmeof e zfnlĖf. 77

7< BEMEć K., Bu`rcvfċoe treùte ..., 0<8? @CŻEć Evfm, Bu`rcvmeo e Rursof u TEW. e TW. vlou, Yrpsoffofblkejf mfuof, Xcsl`mf ezbfmjf 088, Estcrejsoe emstetut 9, @lcarfb 65<0., 655-088? MENLWE@., Ez Ževctf..., 19? KEDFNJĎEć Pfbl , Rreùte, „Nloseocm srpsoca srlbmjla vlof (Xrerlbene Yekfćerocveā e Pfbl Kedfnjċeā)‛, Omcwnlbal, @lcarfb 6555., 127-124, 124. MlŦtc ofsmejl, ofbfXfvncveāf veŦl mlkf, 6277.a., Bu`rcvċfme su cb dlrilaf Wnftof Ocsfċl mfkjlrfvfne trfŽete kfteiluncaf cb Xfvncveāf. \pcrlbe, FRFMFYCWYOE Wlnjfm, Xfb Dlrilacveml , Mfrcbmf omjeaf-Estcrejsoeemstetut, @lcarfb 6515., 97.

77 O\PRCWEć L., @csfmsoe vlneofŦ , 621-6<2.




21

Zf Yfmbfnjf Drfmeāf e Xfvncveāl (Pfbcsnfvf, EvfmeŦf e mjedcvl mfsnjlbmeol), mf jfvf unfafmjf uvrŦtlmf jl klĖu prevenlaejl u pcvlnjfkf ocjekf Bu`rcvċfme c`bf-

ruju anfvml fotlrl u prcbfje Ocmfvfnf. Xcsnfmeiekf Xreèsnfvu Xcdvfneāu e @rfenuRlzfncveāu zf usnual pcspejlŦevfmjf pcsrlbcvfmjf u tcj prcbfje kcauāmcst unfafmjfmcvif mf bcèt jl estc tfoc umfprejlb c`lāfmf. Xcsnejl ezvrŦlml pctvrbl rfmejed pcvlnjf u cbmcsekf s Bu`rcvmeock e pctvrbl ustupfmjf Ocmfvfnf, Xfvncveāekf, EvfmeŦu s `rfāck Xltrck e Meocnck mfjfvnjlmc jl ezmcvf unfafmjl mf bcèt 6220.a. Gfoteċoe ek jl pctvrĖlmc cmc Ŧtc ek jl Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā cseaurfc orfjlk 6207.a.71

Mfjfvck pcsncvfmjf blgemerfm jl fotevfm stftus unfafċf ocb Xfvncveāf. Rfo-vc stfjfneŦtl umlŦlmc jl ofc rlzuntft cċetca prckeŦnjfmjf u tf`cru Xfvncveāf. YfmbfnjDrfmeā, Xreèsnfv Xcdvfneā e @rfenc Rlzfncveā tc mesu cstvfrene zf svcjl mfsnjlbme Mjedcve mfsnjlbmeie su u pfsevmck stftusu kcane bf cstvfruju bcèt e bf ezvrŦl neove-bfieju anfvmeil, fne ml e bf unfŽu mcvf srlbstvf.74

Z`ca kcauāmcste rfspcnfafmjf uncŽlmek srlbstvekf cvu prevenlaeju, bfvfmu us-ock oruau susjlbf u zfnlĖu, kcŽlkc pcskftrfte e ofc sftesgfoieju Bu`rcvċfmekfocje uprfvc svcjek srlbstvekf ctvfrfju pcsncvfmjl. Yvf unfafmjf pctjlċu emberlotmcez bu`rcvfċol `nfafjml. Rc sl mfrcċetc cbmcse mf pcċltmf unfafmjf ċeje su ezvcr srlb-stvf ocjekf Bu`rcvċfme pnfāfju oupcvemu Ocmfvfnf. Ctubf prltpcstfvnjfkc bf slcvc pcsncvfmjl emtlrlsmc e pnfmsoe uvcbenc, ezklĖu cstfnca e s mfkjlrck bf sl mcvfizfbrŽe u mjedcvek ruofkf ofc kcènfm. Estemf, u vlze s Ocmfvnekf, Yfmbfnjlvf bruafanfvmeif, uncŽlmf pcċltock 6296.a., mejl ekfnf bu`rcvfċoe ofpetfn ofc pcċltmc unf-afmjl, mlac Yfmbfnjlv ofpetfn. EvfmeŦ e `rfāf unfŽu ofpetfn, ocje cstvfruju pc rfzmekcsmcvfkf, mfjċlŦāl ocmfvcsoek, (ocmfvcsoe treùt e ofkftl cb uncŽlmed anfvmeif),ċlŦāek unfafmjekf bfjuāe pcsncvfmju kcblrmeju Ževctmcst.

Efoc su vesemf uncaf, pcmfŦfmjl unfafċf e c`fvlzl Bu`rcvċfmf umfprejlb ènemfjfvnjlme, tlo ċemck unfafmjf mcvif pcsncvfmjl jl rlfnezerfmc. Bcouklmte ocjeckcauāfvfju ezvrŦfvfmjl e sfanlbfvfmjl pcsncvfmjf su vjlrcvme nestcve, kfteil unc-af, prezmfmeil c cstvfrlmcj bcète e zfpesmeie bu`rcvfċol ofmilnfrejl.

Mfjvlāe bec fotevmcste anfvmed fotlrf pcsncvfmjf c`fvnjfju mjedcve zfstupmeie.Kmcae cb mjed sl svrstfvfju u mcvc `csfmsoc pnlkstvc mfstfnc ofc rlzuntft rfzvcjf

71 YYXX E/0, 688-684.74 \ veŦl mfvrftf Yfmbfnj jl pcouŦfvfc bf supruze Jlnlme cseaurf fotevfm stftus. YupruŽmeiekf tc mejl

uspjlnc 6205.a., OPLOEć @freŦf, Bvf prencaf `csfmsocj estcreje prvl pcncveml pltmflstca vejlof, AcbeŦmjfo BruŦtvf estcreċfrf @csml e Dlrilacveml 91, Yfrfjlvc 6547, 605-620, 698-697. Mjedcve pcouŦfje ez 6299. e 629<.a. tfocĖlr mesu uspjlne, BFB, Icms. Pca W, 60<― (64.80. 6299)? W, 024(6<.89. 629<).




24

`csfmsoca bruŦtvf.75 Csmcv pc ocjlk bjlnuju u coveru pcsncvfmjf jlstl vjlrcvme nest.Fotevmcste zfstupmeof pcbrfzukejlvfju zmftmc Ŧerl rfbmjl u ofmilnfrejfkf vlneofŦf,

mlac Ŧtc bltfnjmejl fmfnezl pcvlnjf (esprfvf) u uŽlk skesnu u cpesekf bjlnftmcsteofmilnfrejf tc bcpuŦtfju.Csmcvme bcouklmt s ocjek sl pcsncvfmjl vrŦenc prlbstfvnjf svcjlvrsmu kfte-

iu, rfĖlmu u bvf prekjlrof. Cmf cseaurfvf vjlrcbcstcjmcst, jfvmu vjlru u svek trfm-sfoiejfkf. \ kfteie sl mfnfzl pcbfie c unfafċu e mjlacvck pcmfŦfmju u pcsncvfmju, vesemf uncaf (ifpetfnes, anfvmeif), ucèċfjlmf bcèt ’ acbeŦmjf ofkftf cb <% (prc prcbl fb qumqul prc ilmtc, plt mf olmtemfr), cpcruof unfafċf e c`fvlzl `fmofrf,Bu`rcvċfmf. Jlbfm bcouklmt jl rfĖlm zf unfafċf, f bruae zf `fmofrf jl u gcrke zf- pesmeof prftec orltfmjl pcsncvfmjf. \z prlpesfmu kfteiu u bu`rcvfċock zfpesmeousu rlaestrerfml e svl prftlāl fotevmcste u vlze s kfteick.18 Ezkjlmf cpcruol umutfrkfteil uncaf e prltvfrfmjl ezmcsf anfvmeil ez plrplrf u buoftl, Ŧtc Yfmbfnj sprcvc-be 6207.a., bcvlnf jl bc stvfrfmjf mcvl kfteil. Rfbf Yfmbfnjlv zfstupmeo XreèsfvXcdvfneā u bu`rcvfċock zfpesmeou svjlbcċe e rlaestrerf bf ctpesujl kfteiu u zfpesme-ou e kfteiu u ruofkf Yfmbfnjf Drfmeāf ofc mlvfŽlāl.16 Ctpesfmu kfteiu unfafċe suvrfāfne Bu`rcvċfmekf.10 Xc svckl cèku, pcpreneċmc carfmeċlmck, cvc pcsncvfmjl u ezkjlme kfteif u kmcackl ezanlbf sneċmc ofc e ctpesevfmjl „nestcvf‛ c blpcze-tu ocb bu`rcvfċol brŽfvl.19

Zmfċfj kfteil vebnjev jl u socrc svek pcsncvfmjekf. Mjlm mlbcstftfo pcvnfċesf sc`ck ctlŽfvfmjl e uspcrfvfmjl pcsncvfmjf. Xrekjlr mlstfmof kfteil Xfvncveāfuprfvc stcaf jl enustrftevfm. Mejl pczmftc bf ne su kfteil Xfvncveāf ènl e vrfālml.Bu`rcvċfmekf su ènl pctrl`ml jlr su ofc mlpcmeŦtlme bcouklmte prlbstfvnjfne pc-tlmiejfnmu cpfsmcst zf bc`rcsusjlbsol cbmcsl. Ctubf jl zfonemjfmjl sved prlbstfvme-of ouāl Xfvncveāf, pf e Rlcbcrl, tl presustvf prlbstfvmeof Irovl `csfmsol ez Pf-bcsnfvnjlvl cocneml, ènc bcbftmc cseaurfmjl u ez`jlafvfmju kcauāed ockpneofiejf.

75 C zfstupmeiekf fotlrf pcsncvfmjf e uzbezfmju mjedcvca bruŦtvlmca stftusf upcrlbe, ŻEWOCWEć X Locmcksoc-sciejfnml prckjlml , mf veŦl kjlstf.

18 \ prvcj Yfmbfnjlvcj kfteie mfvcbe sl bf zf „vloju ċestctu e vjlrcvfmjl bruae cvfoeajl nest espesfm cbrlċ mf rlċ cb ruol Xreèsfvf Xcdvfneojf rlċlmca vnfstlnemf e cstf u mfs u ockum „, YYXX E/6, 980.Ofbf EvfmeŦ s ̀ rfāck unfŽl mcvfi mf bcèt, u kfteie sl rlaestrerf bf „bruae cvfoeal nest cb reli mf rliespesf KectcŦ Iureo svceck (3 ruock) e cstf u mfŦ ockum ‛, (u zfarfbe L. O.), YYXX E/0, 668.

16 „e cv nest e bruae oce ekfŦl acspcbem vclvcbf Yfmbfn cbpesfd ‛, YYXX E/6, 989.10 „e cme bruae ek nest .. cbpesfm kceck ruock e vrfted ‛, YYXX E/6, 989. \ svck uċlŦāu u pcsncvfmju

Xreèsnfv Xcdvfneā blkcmstrerf rfbmjl u ezkjlme kfteil mfvcblāe bf ctpesujl „e cv nest veŦl rlċlmekceck ruock cbpesfd ... f nest oce u klml èŦl cplt ek af vrfted cbpesfmf ‛, YYXX E/6, <<9.

19 \pcrlbe: O\PRCWEć L., BrŽfvme blpczet (Blpczet `fmeil Fmol, Yfmbfnjf Drfmeāf e Oftfreml uBu`rcvmeou 6287.-6269.acbeml), Xrencze Emstetutf zf estcreju 04, Yfrfjlvc 6554., <1-689.




25

Kfteil uncaf u tuĖek ruofkf, ofc cpfsmcst zf Bu`rcvċfml u snuċfju pcsncvfmjfXfvncveāf, bcŦnl su bc ezrfŽfjf e mfocm prcpfste cvl pcrcbeil. \ pcouŦfju bf nlaetek-

mc prlbstfvnjfju Xfvncveāl, prlb Bu`rcvċfmekf su sl pcjfvenl Cskfmnejl e u coverucvca pcsncvfmjf. Mjedcvf blkcmstrfiejf uofzujl mf kcauāmcst bf su cme zfestf pcs- jlbcvfne bcouklmtfieju Xfvncveāf.

\ncze (anfvmeil) su ène neketerfme. Xfvncveāe mesu prlnfzene 7.888 buoftf, efoc sekfne neket bc 68.888 buoftf. \ncze su unfafme u rfzneċetc vrejlkl, pf jl svfoe, z`cavrlklmf prespjlāf bcète, pcsl`mc vcĖlm ofc anfvmeif. Xfvncveāe su u jlbmck trl-mutou ekfne ċfo ċltere anfvmeil. Xretck su sl Xfvncveāe pcofzfne ofc rlvml ŦtlbeŦlunfŽuāe ez acbeml u acbemu ofkftl e ocmfvcsoe bcdcbfo ofc mcvl uncal mf bcèt. Evesemf anfvmeil jl kldfmezfk bu`rcvfċol vnfbl ocjek sl pcsncvfmjl ncofnezerf e brŽe pcb ocmtrcnck.Bcèt (ofkftf) jl ènf geoserfmf.12 Ocresmeie su bcèjfne acbeŦmju ofkftu ve-seml <% cb uncaf.1< Wrejlkl bcète sl pconfpfnc s vrlklmck unfafmjf, pf su pre-neock cvjlrfvfmjf prejlkf u prezmfmeifkf ocresmeie mfzmfċfvfne bc ofbf su pre-kene bcèt. —Ofkftmf acbemf― vrejlbenf jl zf svfoe unca pcsl`mc. Rfoc su ocresme-ie bcète cb veŦl anfvmeif ekfne prejlk bcète u veŦl mfvrftf acbeŦmjl, sdcbmc vrl-klmu pcjlbemca uncaf. Xfvncveāe mfjċlŦāl cbjlbmck beŽu bcète cb veŦl svcjed unc-af s mfzmfofkf ofbf ocjf bcèt presteŽl. Bcèt mejl zfrfċumfvfmf u anfvmeiu, fnemejl me zfstfrejlvfnf. BlŦfvfnc sl bf Xfvncveāe cstvfruju bcèt zf bvejl ene tre acbeml,u ezmcsu geoserfmck zf svfou acbemu pcsl`mc, `lz zfrfċumfvfmjf ofkftf.17 Ofs-mejl mfstcjl prlkcstete mlbcstftfo futckftsoca zfrfċumfvfmjf ofkftf, pf pc bezf-mju acbeŦmjl bcète estu cbkfd unfŽu sf anfvmeick zf mfrlbme ieonus. Espnfāevfmjlbcète zf rfzbc`njl orfāl cb acbeml vlzfmc jl zf neovebfieju anfvmeil. \ pcsncvfmju Xfvncveāf vebnjevf su bvf tfovf snuċfjf, ofbf beŽu bcèt zf Ŧlst e slbfk, cbmcs-

12 C ofkfte upcrlbe, ćEPOCWEć Y., Ofkftf , „Nloseocm srpsoca srlbmjla vlof (Xrerlbene Yekfćerocveā e Pfbl Kedfnjċeā)‛, Omcwnlbal, @lcarfb 6555., 019-012? RCŨEć Ęurc , Bcètfo , mf estckkjlstu, 678-676.

1< Ezrfz „ prut ‛ („ prutf ‛), spcklmut 6275.a. u prezmfmeie Wnftof Xcpcveāf e Jurjf Dvfncveāf (@caeŦeāf),u zmfċlmju bcète jl ezmekfm, YYXX E/0, 610-619. Mjlaf ml mfnfzekc u, BFMEĎEć Ęurc, Pjlċmeoez omjeŽlvmed stfremf srpsoed E-EE, @lcarfb 6479., (bfnjl: Pjlċmeo ez omjeŽlvmed stfremf). Wjlrcvftmcsl rfbe c snfvlmsock ezacvcru nftemsol rejlċe „prcbl‛, „prcut‛, (tfnejfmsoe, prcbl) ’ bcèt, Nlxeicmnftemetftes klbee flve Euacsnfvefl, Zfarl` 6514., 508, 592. Xfrċeā Brfautem, Pjlċmeo tfnejfmsoc-

sncvemsoe, Zfbfr 6474., 106.17 MfjbuŽe pczmfte prekjlr u bezfmju bcète jl u tf`cru Rlzfncveāf. Mfsnjlbmeif Wetcsfvf 6227.a. beŽl

bcèt zf 5 acbemf u ezmcsu cb 648 buoftf f cb anfvmeil u veseme cb 288 buoftf (acbeŦmjf ofkftf 08buoftf), ŻEWOCWEć X., Almlfncaejf pcrcbeil Rlzfncveāf ez Xrfċl , Xrlanlb <7/7, Yfrfjlvc 651<.,1<<-1<5, 1<4, mfp. 6<.




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mc blslt kjlslie cb nlŽfmjf uncaf u Bu`rcvmeou.11 Wrejlkl bezfmjf bcète ocb pcjl-bemed unfafċf ckcauāujl prfālmjl orltfmjf anfvmeil e mf cmek kjlstekf abjl mlkf

bcvcnjmc pczmfted pcofzftlnjf.Yvcjek anfvmeifkf unfafċe su kcane snc`cbmc rfspcnfafte, unfafte e bezfte uzmfjfvu putlk ctofzmca rcof. Zf Xfvncveāl ctofzme rco, ofc vrejlkl pctrl`mc bf sl pnfmerfmc ezuzekfmjl ez anfvmeil umfprejlb mfjfve `fmofru, ezmcsec jl bvf kjlslifWesemf uncaf jl vjlrcvftmc cbrlĖevfnf buŽemu ctofzmca rcof, ocje jl zf Bu`rcvċfml prlbstfvnjfc e vrejlkl zf preprlku pctrl`ml svctl zf trfmsfoieju. Rc jl e ocresmc vr-ejlkl bf sl fmfnezerfju pctlze unfafċf.14 Pfbcsnfvu Xfvncveāu jl anfvmeif cb 7.888buoftf zfkrzmutf mf bvejl acbeml ofc rftmf cbŦtltf e bcbftmf afrfmiejf uċvrŦālmjukerf u ocmfvcsock oruau. Rc jl jfsfm pcofzftlnj ocneoc cvc pcsncvfmjl pcprekfu svcjcj locmcksoc-pcneteċocj strftlaeje `fmofrf pcvcnjmu pczeieju. Xcsncvfmjl utf`cru Xfvncveāf kercvfnc jl e u vrejlkl rftf Bu`rcvmeof sf Ytjlpfmck Wuoċeālk.

C`fvlzl Bu`rcvċfmf cbrlĖuju sl bfvfmjlk snc`cbl unfafċu bf rfspcnfŽl svcjek uncack. Csek tcaf, prfvc mf unca e bcèt Bu`rcvċfme cseaurfvfju e unfafċlvekmfsnjlbmeiekf. Afrfmieju zf esprfvmcst cme pctorlpnjuju Ŧercock zfonltvck, u ocjcjċfo e rft Bu`rcvmeof s unfafċlk ml è ckltfc pcsncvfmjl. \ mfjfvfkf e prvek kf-teifkf cvc pcsncvfmjl jl tekl prlbstfvnjlmc blpcnetezerfmek. \ prfose jl cmc bejlnencsubèmu pcneteċoed cbmcsf susjlbf. Zf rftf Xfvncveāf s Bu`rcvmeock petfmjl bcètemf uncŽlmf srlbstvf ekfnc jl subèmu cstfned predcbf Xfvncveāf.

Zf c`fvnjlme pcsfc c`jl strfml ezbfvfnl su e cbacvfrfjuāu prezmfmeiu (los- plbetcreju), ocjck sl bruaf strfmf c`fvjlŦtfvfnf c prekfmju ene ezuzekfmju mcvif.Bu`rcvċfme jl spckemju ofc c`fvlzfm bcouklmt s ustfnjlmek sfbrŽfjlk.15 @lz mjlzfstupmeo ml kcŽl prekete bcèt. Xrezmfmeif jl zfsl`fm bcouklmt e jlbemc prfvcvfn- jfmc svjlbcċfmstvc c cstvfrlmcj bcète (pcput suvrlklmejla ċlof).48 WfŽmcst prez-

11 Efoc su mf pcċltou 6295. beane bcèt zf prltdcbmu acbemu, z`ca auètof kfteif Xfvncveāe fuaustf6295.a. beŽu svcjl anfvmeil e bcèt zf 7, cbmcsmc 1 kjlslie tlouāl acbeml, YYXX E/6, 794.

14 Xrlb ocmfvcsoe rft u pcouŦfju bezfmjf anfvmeil pcsnfmeie Pfbcsnfvf Xfvncveāf mfeŦne su mf cbacvBu`rcvċfmf bf ek jl mesu buŽme cbkfd espnftete jlr ekfju bvf kjlslif ctofzmca rcof, RP\DLNOFć ., Ocmfvòsoe rft ..., 6<8.

15 Mf prekjlr: „lxplbetcref em `cmf gcrkf ‛, BFB, Icms. Pca., W, 686, (6<. 84. 6290.a.)? „`cmf vfnebf ltcpcrtumf gcrkf ‛, W, 64< (66.80. 6292.a.)? „lxplbetcref em cpcrtumf gcrkf ‛, TE, 60― (61. 68. 6224).

48 MfjveŦl sfċuvfmed prezmfmeif u cvck pcsncvfmju vlzfmc jl zf bezfmjl bcète Ocsfċf. Cml sfbrŽldestcrejft ċetfvca pcsncvfmjf. Ocresmeo pctvrĖujl bf su mjlacve pcsnfmeie s vjlrcvmek nestck prekebcèt. Mfvcbe sl vrejlkl e vesemf unfafmjf, tl bc ofbf jl ocresmeo espnfālm. Ypckemju sl svjlbcie ocjemfbzeru prekfmjl mcvif. Ocresmeo cvjlrfvf prezmfmeiu svcjek plċftck e cmf snuŽe Bu`rcvċfmekfofc pctvrbf prejlkf bcète.




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mfmeil pcofzujl sl u pcouŦfju Pfbcsnfvf Xfvncveāf bf prlb ocmfvcsoe rft bvf putfmfpnfte estl ofkftl, Ŧtc mejl kcanc prcāe ocb Bu`rcvċfmf.46

Bezfmjl bcète prftene su svjlbcie (acste njube āerensoed ezvcrf), ocje su jfkċeneezvrŦlmu trfmsfoieju. Mjedcvc pckemjfmjl u prezmfmeifkf jl stlrlctepmc: „...e mf tce prezvfŦl mfŦe pconesfre acste njube pc cèċfju e èŦl omlzu e vnfstlnck svjlbcie ...‛.„Acste njube‛ sl u prezmfmeifkf ml eklmuju mete sl mfvcbe mjedcv `rcj.40 Pfbe sl cstrfmiekf, presutmek u Bu`rcvmeou. Zfpesmeie ed mfvcbl ofc svjlbcol (tlstls, tlst-eùs). \z eklmf bfju sl mjedcvf zfmekfmjf e pcrejlonc. Xcrlb nejlċmeof mfjċlŦāl sutc tracvie ez Wlmliejl, Fmocml, Kfmgrlbcmejl, Gerlmil, Mfpunjf, Yelml (Ylamf), Oft-fncmejl e br.49 Mjed su fmafŽerfne zfstupmeie unfafċf („pc cèċfju‛) e cme su bcbftmccseaurfvfne c`jl strfml u ezvrŦfvfmju mfpnftl.42

Cpcruol su sfstfvme bejlncve kfteil, anfvmca bcouklmtf u pcsncvfmju. \ mjekfsu unfafċe cbrlĖevfne svcjl mfsnjlbmeol u pcsncvfmju. Xcrlb ezmlslml cpcruol u kfte-ie sl mfvcbe e kcauāmcst bf unfafċ svcjck bcbftmck pesklmck ezjfvck (tlstfklm-tck) kcŽl bf cbrlbe mfsnjlbmeof u pcsncvfmju.4<

Kcmltfrmek sestlkck u Bu`rcvmeou e zfnlĖu bckemerf knltfċoe znftme buoft.Cb orfjf TEEE. stcnjlāf knltfċoe buoft u Bu`rcvmeou octerf ofc umevlrzfnmc kjlr-enc vrejlbmcste. Cm jl csmcvf zf cbrlĖevfmjl vrejlbmcste bruaed kcmltfrmed jlbeme-if. 47 Bu`rcvfċoe srl`rme bemfre (plrplrf, c`rfċumsoe mcvfi) stcjl u cvck pcsncvfmju u cbmcsu mf buoft prlkf vfŽlālk snuŽ`lmck oursu: 6 buoft ; 9 plrplrf ; 97bu`rcvfċoed bemfrf.41 Xcsncvfmjl sl c`fvnjfnc cmck vrstck mcvif ocjf jl u pcċltoustfvnjfmf u unca.

46 RP\DLNOF ć., Ocmfvòsoe rft ..., 6<8.40 YYXX E/6, 990, 997? YYXX E/0, <5-78, 72, 17-11, 14-15. Ofc prekjlrl zf svjlbcol, upcrlbe, BFMEĎEć

Ę., Pjlċmeo ez omjeŽlvmed stfremf ..., 001.49 WeŦl prekjlrf u: BFB, Bl`. Mct. prc Ick., E.42 Rc cċetc bcbftmc „prcglsecmfnmc zfmekfmjl‛ strfmfif u Bu`rcvmeou mejl u bcvcnjmcj kjlre

rfsvejltnjlmc.4< Rc jl uċemec sfkc @rfenc Rlzfncveā. Mjlacv tlstfklmt jl prlsuĖevfc stfmjl klĖu mfsnjlbmeiekf,

ŻEWOCWEć X., @fŦtemeie zfcstfvŦteml @rfenf Rlzfncveāf, Xrencze 5, Yfrfjlvc 6519., 965-90<.47 C knltfċock buoftu, PLŨLRFP Kenfm , Bu`rcvfċof mukezkfteof, E (destcreċoe) bec, Y. Ofrncvie

6502., (bfnjl: Bu`rcvfċof mukezkfteof , E,), 210-212? KEKEIF @cŽl , Mukezkfteċof pcvejlst Bu`rcvmeof, Pejlof 6552., (bfnjl: Mukezkfteċof pcvejlst Bu`rcvmeof ), 91-95, 20-29, 988-986, 275-218? Ũ\MJEć Kfroc , Kjlrl, mcvfi, zfrfbl e iejlml mf bfnkftemsoc-`csfmsock pcbruċju (TEW. e TW.st.) E - bec, Pfbcve Drvftsoca bruŦtvf zf zmfmcst e ukjltmcst EW, Yfrfjlvc (6557), 91-12, 26-22.

41 C bu`rcvfċock bemfru, PLŨLRFP K., Bu`rcvfċof mukezkfteof , E, 9<-91, <9-<2, 990-99<, 289-282? KEKEIF @., Mukezkfteċof pcvejlst Bu`rcvmeof ..., 91-95, 21-24, <8-<6, 54, 928-922, 275.




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Ofbf jl mcvfi u petfmju, bu`rcvfċou prliezmcst ml trl`f pcsl`mc esteif-te. Csnfmjfjuāe sl mf mjedcvl plbfmtml rfċumeil e mlol prejlvrlklml espnftl, kcŽl

sl ncierfte pre`neŽmc vrejlkl unfafmjf. WcĖlmjl ċltere rfzneċetl anfvmeil Xfvncve prfvc jl `fmofrsoc ukejlāl. Mf tc pcvjlrlmjl pcsnjlbmje Xfvncveāe su cbacvfrfneveŦlacbeŦmjek zfrfċumfvfmjlk (bcbfvfmjlk) ofkftf u anfvmeie. Bcbftmc, uz mcvfiebl e rlvmcsmf `reaf zf bcouklmtfieju, ocjf sl, cplt z`ca mcvif, u preneċmcj kjlre bcbfmfs sfċuvfnf u Bu`rcvmeou. Rfovu pczeieju kcŽl bf cseaurf sfkc tlklnjmf loc-mcksoc-pcneteċof strftlaejf Bu`rcvċfmf e zfnlĖf, ocjf sl u cvck pcsncvfmju kfmegl-sterf ŽevctmcŦāu, lnlklmtck bu`rcvfċol cpstcjmcste e mfstcjfmjlk vnfstlnl u zfnlĖubf emtlrlsmc prfte suvrlklmf orltfmjf.

\kjlstc zfonjuċof

\ mfstcjfmju bf bcĖu bc Žlnjlmca ienjf, Ocmfvfnf, Bu`rcvċfme su upctrl`njfvfnesvf rfspcncŽevf srlbstvf. Ockèmfiejl, u uŽlk ene Ŧerlk cpslau, uonjuċevfml u pct- pckfafmjl cstvfrevfmjf zfirtfmca ienjf, uofzuju mf pnfmerfmu locmcksoc-pcneteċoustrftlaeju u ocjcj ienj cprfvbfvf srlbstvc. Anfvmc srlbstvc prlacvcrf c Ocmfvnekf jl mcvfi. Mc, mcvfi mejl sfkc bu`rcvfċof strftlaejf. Yfmbfnju Drfmeāu, Pfbcsnf-vu Xfvncveāu, `csfmsoek vnfbfrekf e cstfnek, mfarfĖlmek u zftvfrfmju ocmfvcsocaoruaf, mcvfi jl strftlŦof sftesgfoiejf zf uċemjlme mfpcr. Yvlku jl prltdcbec pcneteċoeocmslmzus fotlrf, e prcŽekfc uċemjlmc. Yfmbfnju Drfmeāu mcvfi jl fblovftmf zfk- jlmf zf prcijlmu zmfċfjf Ocmfvfnf. Pfbcsnfvu Xfvncveāu mcvfi jl ezjlbmfċfvfmjl elnlklmt prlsteŽf u revfnstvu sf kcāmek Ocsfċck. YncŽlmf pcsjlbcvmf pczeiejf Oc-mfvfnf ecmfoc sl mejl kcanf cbrŽfte stfènmck.44

Mcvfi cb unfafċf, `fmofrf, Bu`rcvċfmekf ckcauāujl prfvcvrlklml gemfm-iejsol trfmsfoiejl. Orltfmjl ofpetfnf beklmzejck kcblrmejla bc`f cbneċmc pcofzujl prekjlr ocreŦtlmjf Yfmbfnjlvl ekcveml uncŽlml u Bu`rcvmeou, bf è sl zfoup ifremlu Brejlvekf pnftec uprfvc Yfmbfnju Drfmeāu.45 Mf tfovck orltfmju ofpetfnf zfsmevfsl prcsplretlt Bu`rcvmeof.

44 \pcrlbe, OFXLRFMEć Meoc, Xcbjlnf zlknjl u Wetfnjeme u 6<. stcnjlāu , Fmfne Zfvcbf zf pcvejlsmlzmfmcste DFZ\ u Bu`rcvmeou 91, Zfarl`-Bu`rcvmeo 6555., 5-96.

45 Cbnuock Wejlāf ukcnjlmed ifremeiekf u Brejlvekf („cggeiefnls af`lnnl bl Mfrlmtl ‛) sl ckcauāujlbf —pczfjkl― („fiieplrumt kutuc ‛) ez trlzcrf (irovf Yvltl Kfrejl) cb „buifte 7888 fure bl blpcsetcvcevcbl Yfmbfan lt bfrl enncruk fk`fxftcreùs mcstres eturus fb bckeme Yfmbfan scnvlmbc beitcvcevcbl plr prekf pfaf af`lnnl ‛, 788 buoftf. Meocnf ĘcrĖeā e Evfm Arfbeā prekfju cb KftljfArfbeāf 788 buoftf. Yf strfml jl bcpesfmc bf jl 05. 66. 6290.a. vrfālm mcvfi u rezmeiu, BFB, Icms.Pca., EW, 54 (07. 82. 6205.a.).




<9

Ocrest Bu`rcvmeof ofc `fmofrf jl veŦlstruof. Xcrlb tcaf Ŧtc kfse uncŽlmcamcvif prcbuŽfvfju svcjstvc kcènmcste, cme af ocrestl e ofc jfoc pcneteċoc srlbstvc

u stfènezfieje cbmcsf sf zfnlĖlk.\nfafmjl mcvif mf bcèt, Ŧtlbmjf e unfzfo zfnlĖf u kcblrml `fmofrsol tcocvl,vrdumfi jl u cènjlŽfvfmju zmfċfjf presustvf mcvif u ocmfvcsock oruau. Mjlacvfemfuaurfiejf, tldmeof e pcnetezfiejf blgemerf af locmcksoc-pcneteċoek pcsncvfmjlk.\nfafmjl mcvif mf bcèt, sf svcjek spliegeoukck u pcneteċoek ockèmfiejfkf, bc`-enc jl sfvrŦlme cbrfz emtlrlsmca e ievenezfiejsoca pcvlzevfmjf Bu`rcvmeof e zfnlĖf.Cb mfstfmof bc neoveberfmjf, pcsncvfmjl jl usncvnjlmc pcneteċoek ocmtlostck pczeiejf unfafċf e `fmofrf e pc svlku jl mfstfvfo orltfmjf umutfr ocmfvcsoca oruaf prejl mjlacvca zftvfrfmjf. Ofc tlocvemf mfprlbmejla klbetlrfmsoca oruaf, putlk Bu- `rcvmeof, cmc sl prctlamunc e mf vnfstlnu u zfnlĖu, uvnfċlāe jl u sfvrŦlmejl c`neol ge-mfmiejsoca pcsncvfmjf.

Mcvf vrstf locmcksoca pcvlzevfmjf cùdvftenf jl sfkc prlbstfvmeol —oc-mfvfcsoca oruaf―, anfvml fotlrl ocje su ckcauāene Bu`rcvmeou mcvl pcsjlbl. \zbcbftmu neketerfjuāu vesemu uncaf e carfmeċlmu kcauāmcst unfafmjf sfkc prved, zfOcmfvnl vlzfmed almlrfiejf, cmc sl pcofzfnc, epfo, ofc carfmeċlmf e ncofnmf pcjfvf.Ezf prved almlrfiejf skesfc pcsncvfmjf sl kejlmjf e cmc pcstfjl treùtfrmf uspcklmfmf cbrlĖlml pcneteċol bcafĖfjl. \ svek vlāek pcneteċoek pctrlsekf ezklĖu zfnlĖfe Bu`rcvmeof cmc jl bejlnenc subèmu treùtfrmed c`fvlzf Bu`rcvmeof prlkf zfnlĖu.Yvcj bcpremcs u rfzukejlvfmju prcbuotevmcste mcved ̀ fmofrsoed tldmeof Xfvncveāe subfne ezuzltmejek e fotevmejek fmafŽkfmck u unfafmju mcvif mf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeou.




<2

Xfvncveāe u unfafmju mcvif mf bcèt u Bu`rcvmeou 6201.-6278.a.

Orltfmjl anfvmeil

uncŽlmc ezuzltc

6201.a. 7.888 buoftf 6297.a. 7.888 buoftf

6297.a. 988 buoftf 788 plrplrf 6295.a. 0.488 buoftf

6291.a. 0.<88 buoftf 5.888 plrplrf

5.788 plrplrf

622<.a. 9.788 plrplrf

6221.a. 6.288 plrplrf 6224.a. 6.288 plrplrf6225.a. 988 plrplrf62<6.a. 6.888 plrplrf

62<<.a. <88 plrplrf

62<1.a. 55< plrplrf

62<1.a. 788 plrplrf Mesu pczmftf bfnjmjf62<4.a. 465 plrplrf e 5 bemfrf ezuzekfmjf anfvmeif

Xfvncveā

\oupmc jl ezf Xfvncveāf u 6278.a. ènc uanfvmeifkf <.062 plrplrf e 5 bemfr

Plaestrerfmf bcèt

6204 ; 988 buoftf6205 ; 988 buoftf6299 ; 988 buoftf6292 ; 988 buoftf629< ; 988 buoftf6297 ; 988 buoftf6291 ; 0< buoftf6295 ; 048 buoftf + 578 plrplrf




<<

6295 ; coc 678 buoftf6221 ; 648 plrplrf

6224 ; 648 plrplrf6224 ; <4 plrplrf + 2 bemfrf6225 ; 648 plrplrf62<8 ; 998 plrplrf62<2 ; 92< plrplrf62<1 ; 92< plrplrf62<1 ; <8 plrplrf62<5 ; 065 plrplrf + 5 bemfrf6278 ; 078 plrplrf + 5 bemfrf

Yukkfry

RDL XFWNCWEć―Y EMWLYREMA KCMLU GCP XPCGEREM B\@PCWMEO

Rc emvlst kcmly gcr prcget em Bu`rcvmeo `y tdl rlprlslmtftevls grck tdl demtlr-nfmb wfs f gcrummlr cg tdl icmtlkpcrfry gcrks cg sfvema fmb rlprlslmts fm lxprls-secm cg tdl eblfs cg blvlncplb gemfmiefn Lurcplfm kfrolt blfnemas cvlr tdl Fbreft-ei Ylf, Wlmeil fmb Bu`rcvmeo tc @csmef cm tdl deadlst stftl nlvln, pnfyema tdl pfrtcg tdl `fmolr wetd f blpcset cm bespcsfn, wdenl tdl sfvlrs wetd sfvema fiicumts, em-vlstcrs ’ tdl mcènety grck tdl demtlrnfmb ’ dfb fm fmmufn prcget fmb emtlrlst rftl gcrtdl emvlstklmt. Emvlstema kcmly wfs omcwm gcr tdl neketlb ierinl cmny, tdl Ocmfv-nl ierinl, tdcsl wdc cwmlb Ocmfvnl, Yfmbfnj Drfmeā, Pfbcsnfv Xfvncveā wetd des bl-silmbfmts fmb tdler kfjcr rlprlslmtftevls, Xreèsnfv Xcdvfneā fmb @rfenc Rlzfncveā.Gemfnny, tdl kfem plrscmfnetels wdc lmf`nlb Bu`rcvmeo tc suiillb em c`tfemema Oc-mfvnl. Yuid f stfrtema ùsemlss icmstfnnftecm, f ùsemlss emfaurftecm bltlrkemlb etsblvlncpklmt fmb pdysecamcky. Rdl lxfkpnl cg tdl Xfvncveās― kcmly emvlstklmt es prlslmtlb fs fm licmckei-pcneteifn ùsemlss ’ rlprlslmtema fm licmckei fmb pcnete-ifn grfkl cg emtlrlst cg twc su`jlits fmb fm lnf`crftl tlidmequl cg ncmanfstema burf-tecm, wetd f muk`lr cg neketftecms, f infsseifn treùtfry blfnema cg tdl mlead`curs― rl-nftecms. Rdl rlnftecms cg Bu`rcvmeo tc tdl demtlrnfmb uslb tc ̀ l cm tdl nlvln cg tdl nc-ifn pdlmcklmcm cg tdl incslb typl.




691

Znftoc Kftejlveā

BPŻFWMC-XPFWME XCNCŻFJ @CYML E DLPILACWEML\ XCNEREĎOEK OCMILXIEJFKF BP. EWL XENFPF

(6561.-6564.)

Mfrcbl u cpāl mejl kcauāl umeŦtete. Mfrcbe prcpfbfju sfkc usnejlb vnfstetlorevmjl, foc su uvjlte prcpfste u mjekf.

Br. Jureċeā

(Yvjltsoe rft e Drvfte, Zfarl`, 6561., 15.)

Futcr jl mf tlklnju pcstcjlāl zmfmstvlml netlrfturl e frdevsoca arfbevf tlbcstupmcaf suvrlklmca tesof preofzfc pcneteċol ocmilpiejl br. Evl Xenfrf c prlurlĖlmju brŽfvmc-prfvmca pcncŽfjf juŽmcsnfvlmsoed zlkfnjf u Fustrc-\afrsocj Kcmfrdeje. Cm sl, u pcċltou, zfnfafc zf ocmilpieju „preorevlmca tr-ejfnezkf‛, cbmcsmc zf gcrkfnmc cċuvfmjl pcstcjlālaf bufnesteċoca sustfvf, prlkf ocjcj è sl @csmf e Dlrilacvemf ujlbemenf s `fmsock Drvftsock, Bfn-kfiejck e Estrck u jlbmu jlbemstvlmu brŽfvmc-prfvmu jlbemeiu. \ pcsnjlbmjekbfmekf pcstcjfmjf Kcmfrdejl, Xenfr sl cprlbejlnec zf glblrfnesteċoc urlĖlmjlbrŽfvl: @csmf e Dlrilacvemf, zfjlbmc s ̀ fmsock Drvftsock, Bfnkfiejck e Es-trck, fne e sncvlmsoek zlknjfkf, trl`fnf jl sfċemfjvfte glblrfnmu jlbemeiu umu-tfr brŽfvl Df`sùraf.

Mfocm sonfpfmjf Fustrc-uafrsol mfacb`l (6471.), bctfbfŦmjf jl Df`sùrŦofKcmfrdejf pcbejlnjlmf mf svcj fustrejsoe (iesnfjtfmsoe) e uafrsoe (trfmsnfjtfmsoe)bec.6 Xrlkf mcvcmfstfnck brŽfvmc-prfvmck ustrcju sncvlmsol zlknjl (Orfmjsof,

Znftoc Kftejlveā, BrŽfvmc-prfvme pcncŽfj @eD u pcneteċock ocmilpiejfkf Br. Evl XenfrfXrencze, 96, Yfrfjlvc, 0880., str. 691-6<2.



694

Ũtfjlrsof, OcruŦof e Acreif), drvftsoe bec Estrl e Bfnkfiejf uŦnl su u fustrejsoe becKcmfrdejl, f `fmsof Drvftsof u uafrsoe. Acbemu bfmf ofsmejl (6474.) bcŦnc jl bc

Drvftsoc-uafrsol mfacb`l, ocjf jl ènf su`bufnesteċof ocrloiejf vlā uspcstfvnjlmc-af bvcjmca urlĖlmjf brŽfvl.0

Mf tlklnju cbnuol @lrnemsoca ocmarlsf (6414.),9 Fustrc-\afrsof jl bcè-nf prfvc bf „zfpcsjlbml @csmu e Dlrilacvemu‛, ocjf sl mfnfzenf pcb suvlrlmetl-tck tursoca suntfmf, e bf mjck „uprfvnjf‛.2 Fmlosejf @csml e Dlrilacveml prcvlbl-mf jl vnfbfrlvck prconfkfiejck cb <. nestcpfbf 6584. Rek jl ċemck Fustrc-\afr-sof Kcmfrdejf prcanfsenf preonjuċlmjl tl zlknjl svck brŽfvmck pcbruċju. Xrl-kf „Zlkfnjsock ustfvu (Ytftutu)‛ (6568.), @csmf e Dlrilacvemf jl prcanfŦlmfzf „jlbmc jlbemstvlmc zfsl`mc uprfvmc pcbruċjl _...[ pcb cbacvcrmek vcbstvck evrdcvmek mfbzerfmjlk i._frsoca[ e or._fnjlvsoca[ zfjlbmeċoca kemestfrstvf‛.< \ eklsved fustrc-uafrsoed vrdcvmed crafmf vnfste, @csmck e Dlrilacvemck jl uprfvnjfczfjlbmeċoe kemestfr gemfmiejf (6560.).7 \ brŽfvmc-prfvmck pcanlbu @csmf e Dlril-acvemf jl ekfnf pcncŽfj ocmbckemejf.

Zncoc`me puimje u Yfrfjlvu ’ 04. nepmjf 6562. ’ czmfċene su mcvc pcanfvnjl s jltsol pcvejlste. Xcaeèjf prlstcncmfsnjlbmeof Grfmjl Glrbemfmbf b―Lstl e mjlacvl prual Ycgejl ènf jl pcvcb zf pcċltfo Xrvcaf svjltsoca rftf (6562.-6564.). \ tckbctfbf mfjvlālk rftmck suocù u pcvejlste njubsoca rcbf mlstfnf su ċltere ifrstvf:mjlkfċoc, rusoc, fustrejsoc e cskfmnejsoc. Rejlock pcsnjlbmjl bvejl acbeml Xrvcafsvjltsoca rftf, br. Evc Xenfr,1 prfvmeo, alcpcneteċfr e pcneteċfr u veŦl mfvrftf jl mfs-tcjfc prcmfāe cptekfnmc rjlŦlmjl acruālaf „juŽmcsnfvlmsoca petfmjf‛ umutfr arfme

6 C Fustrc-uafrsocj mfacbè vebe: Glrbc Ď\NEMCWEć, BrŽfvmcprfvmf destcrejf juacsnfvlmsoed zlkfnjf TET. e TT. vejlof (Drvftsof, Ynfvcmejf e Bfnkfiejf, Estrf, Yrpsof Wcjvcbemf, Yncvlmejf, @csmf e Dlrilacvemf tl BrŽfvf YDY), Ũocnsof om jeaf, Zfarl`, 65<9., 687-668.? F. J. X. RFUNCP, Df`sùrŦof Kcmfrdejf 6485-6564, Zmfmjl, Zfarl`, 6558., 676-619.

0 C Drvftsoc-uafrsocj mfacbè cpŦermejl vebe: M. PFRMLP, Xcstfmfo Drvftsoc-uafrsol mfacb`l cb acbeml 6474., Mcvc pcocnjlmjl, Zfarl` - @lcarfb, 6525.? G. Ď\NEMCWEć,m. b., 666-692.? JfrcsnfvŨEBFO, Kerjfmf APCYY, Eacr OFPFKFM e Brfacvfm ŨLXEć, Xcvejlst drvftsoca mfrcbf a. 6478-6562., Ũocnsof omjeaf, Zfarl`, 6574., 94-29.

9 CpŦermejl c pcvcbekf zf sfzevfmjl @lrnemsoca ocmarlsf, tl mjlacvck tejlou e zfonjuċiekf vebe: F.BL@EBEP, Bepnckftsof estcrejf Lvrcpl. Cb ctvfrfmjf @lċoca ocmarlsf bc zfonjuċlmjf @lrnemsoca(6462-6414), omjeaf bruaf, Alif Ocm, @lcarfb, 6592., 101-466.? _W. X. XCRLKOEM, ur.[, Destcrejfbepnckfiejl, bruae svlzfo, Kfteif drvftsof, Zfarl`, 65<6., 91-2<.

2 G. Ď\NEMCWEć,m. b., 984.< Estc, 962.7 Estc, 967.1 Evc Xenfr sl rcbec u Zfarlù 65. nepmjf 6412., abjl jl e ukrc pcb mlrfzjfŦmjlmek cocnmcstekf 9. rujmf

6599. \ rcbmck jl arfbu zfvrŦec onfseċmu aekmfzeju, f u @lċu jlbmcacbeŦmje tracvfċoe tlċfj mf






628

\ svcjcj faetfieje zf cstvfrlmjl pcneteċoed zfdtjlvf pcstfvnjlmed u „Yve`fmjsocjblonfrfieje‛, ċnfmcve su Juacsnfvlmsoca onu`f pcsl`mu pczcrmcst pcsvltene @csme

Dlrilacveme. BrŽfne su bf cmf uprfvc tu pcnfŽl svcj espet zrlncste.5

Xcċltock srpmjf 6561. sfrfjlvsoe jl oftcneċoe „Drvftsoe Bmlvmeo‛ pesfc bf jlvrd`csfmsoe mfbèsoup br. Jcsep Ytfbnlr,68 emfċl pczmft ofc prfvfŦ „grfmocvfċol‛crejlmtfiejl, u ekl Drvftf-oftcneof @csml e Dlrilacveml, predvftec „Yve`fmjsoublonfrfieju‛ ofc „pcbncau e usncv pcneteċoca c`stfmof e ofc jlbmu rlfnmu `fzu zf pcneteċoe rfzvcj drvftsoed zlkfnjf‛.66 Ezanlbf bf jl u tck trlmutou vrd`csfmsoe mfb- èsoup, zf rfzneou cb mloed bruaed pcjlbemfif ez rlbcvf oftcneċoed svlālmeof e svjl-tcvmjfof, crafmezerfmed u Drvftsock oftcneċock pcorltu (DOX),60 czènjmc sdvfāfc

pcstfmou Orfnjlveml Yr`f, Drvftf e Yncvlmfif 6562.-6565., Kfteif drvftsof, Zfarl`, 6508., 52.)„Blonfrfieju‛ jl prcċetfc jlbfm cb mjlzemed anfvmed sfstfvnjfċf, ċnfm Yncvlmsol njubsol strfmol erekcoftcneċoe svlālmeo br. Fmtcm OcrcŦli.

5 Jfmoc XNLRLPYOE, Xrvc cprlblnjlmjl Yncvlmfif zf Juacsnfveju, Mcnet, @lcarfb, 6517., 658.68 Jcsep Ytfbnlr sl rcbec u @rcbu mf Yfve, bfmfs Ynfvcmsoe @rcb, 02. sejlċmjf 6429., f ukrc jl u Yfrfjlvu

4. prcsemif 6564. Aekmfzeju jl pcdfĖfc u XcŽlae e Zfarlù. Acbeml 6470. zfarl`fċoe mfbèsoupJurfj Dfuneo pcsnfc af jl u reksoe zfvcb Alrkfmeic-Dumafreiuk. \ Peku jl zfvrŦec stubej genczcgejle tlcncaejl mf YvluċeneŦtu Arlacrejfmf. Zf rekcoftcneċoca jl svlālmeof zfrlĖlm 6474. Xc pcvrftouu Zfarl` eklmcvfm jl prlglotck Mfbèsoupsoca sjlklmeŦtf 6418., f 6416. prcglscrck genczcgejl

u Mfbèsoupsock neilju. Mfocm ctvfrfmjf YvluċeneŦtf u Zfarlù (6412.) pcstfc jl prcglscrgumbfklmtfnml tlcncaejl mf @cacsncvmck gfountltu. Ofbf jl 6446. u @csme e Dlrilacveme uvlblmfrlbcvetf oftcneċof irovlmf dejlrfrdejf, eklmcvfm jl prvek vrd`csfmsoek mfbèsoupck. Cbkfd pcbcnfsou u svcju mcvccsmcvfmu mfbèsoupeju bcnfze u suoc` s tfkcŦmjek grfmjlviekf coc rfspcbjlnfŽupf. Ofsmejl sl s mjekf e pcneteċoe suoc`njfvfc jlr su pcbrŽfvfne emtlrocmglsecmfnmu ocmilpiedrvftsocaf pcneteċoca crafmezerfmjf, ocju jl prckeifnf ne`lrfnmf emtlnealmiejf coupnjlmf u Drvftsocjmfrcbmcj zfjlbmeie. Acbeml 6568. utlklnjec jl Drvftsou oftcneċou ubruau, ocjf jl uoemutf mfocm pcsteamutcaf pcneteċoca ockprckesf s Drvftsock mfrcbmck zfjlbmeick (6560.). Ezarfbec jlijlncoupmu oftcneċou irovlmu emgrfstruoturu zf rlbcvetu dejlrfrdeju u @csme e Dlrilacveme. Mfpesf jl prve tlcncŦoc-genczcgsoe ockplmbej mf drvftsock jlzeou. (Xcbfie pruzlte cb: Zcrfm APEJFO, EvcXenfr e Ytfbnlrcvf prcklkcrejf pfpe @lmlbeotu TW., a. 656<., u: _Y. NEXCWĎFM e Z. KFREJLWE

ur.[, m. b ., 57, ènj. 6.) CpŦermejl c mfbèsoupu Ytfbnlru vebe: _Żlneker X\NJEć, ur.[, Jcsep Ytfbnlr. Xrencze zf prcuċfvfmjl budcvmca neof prvca vrd`csfmsoca mfbèsoupf, Wrd`csfmsof vescoftlcncŦof Ŧocnf, Yfrfjlvc, 6545.? _Xfvc J\PEŨEć, ur.[, Jcsep Ytfbnlr. Żevct e bjlnc, Wrd`csfmsofoftcneċof tlcncaejf, Yfrfjlvc, 6555.? Wlneker @NFŻLWEć, @csfmsoe grfmjlvie e mfbèsoup br. JcsepYtfbnlr , Yvjltnc rejlċe, Yfrfjlvc, 0888.? Z. APEJFO, Xcneteċof bjlnftmcst vrd`csfmsoca mfbèsoupf Jcsepf Ytfbnlrf, Drvftsoe emstetut zf pcvejlst ’ Wrd`csfmsof mfbèsoupejf Yfrfjlvc ’ Bck e svejlt,Zfarl`, 0886.

66 Mfv. prlkf: Brfacnju` P. ŻEWCJEMCWEć ’ Bljfm W. N\ĎEć,Wfrvfrstvc u ekl Drestcvc. Xrencze zf Kfamuk ireklm, Mcvf omjeaf, @lcarfb, 6544., 677.

60 Xcjfvf Drvftsocaf oftcneċoca pcorltf mejl ̀ eccsfknjlme snuċfj u pcvejlste Oftcneċol irovl. Oftcneċoe jl pcorlt mfstfc u mjlkfċoek zlknjfkf pctorfj prvl pcncveil TET. stcnjlāf. Mjlacvf jl csmcvmfzfbfāf ènf c`rfmete Oftcneċou irovu cb prcacmf tfbfŦmjed br Žfvmed vnfste e mfpfbfjf cmbfŦmjlaf




626

gcrkunfiejl c „drvftsock brŽfvmck prfvu‛ e „Žlznu Df`sùrŦoc-ncrlmsol bemfstejl‛, upctrl`njlml u „Blonfrfieje‛. Mfekl, tfbfŦmjl urlbmeŦtvc „Drvftsoca Bmlvme-

of‛ mfnfzenc sl u ruofkf bvcjeil oftcneċoed svlālmeof, Enejl Afvreāf e Fk`rczejf@lmocveāf, ċnfmcvf Drvftsocaf oftcneċoca slmecrftf,69 lnetml crafmezfiejl DOX-f,ocje tl gcrkunfiejl mesu brŽfne c`vlzujuāek. Yfk Ylmecrft jl predvftec pcneteċoe prc-arfk „Yve`fmjsol blonfrfiejl‛ mf svck zfarl`fċock sfstfmou cbrŽfmck pcċltocksrpmjf 6561.62 Xetejsoe srcċlm tlost „Blonfrfiejl‛ cstfvnjfc jl rfzml kcauāmcstemjlzemca tukfċlmjf. Zf jlbml jl cmf ènf bjlnc `lċoca bvcrf e pcouŦfj „trejfnesteċocarjlŦlmjf‛6< „juŽmcsnfvlmsoca petfmjf‛ umutfr Kcmfrdejl, f zf brual stvfr „muŽml pcneteċol tfoteol‛ u rftmek cocnmcstekf, ocjf jl ckcauāenf prckeifmjl „juac-snfvlmsol ebljl‛ e sfku „foieju stvfrfmjf zfjlbmeċol brŽfvl sved juŽmcsnfvlmsoedmfrcbf‛, csek @uafrf, ezvfm coverf Kcmfrdejl.67 Benlku jl rfzrjlŦec br. JfmlzLvfmĖlnestf Orlo, rekcoftcneċoe svlālmeo e estfomute sncvlmsoe pcneteċfr, tl jlbfm

ne`lrfnmca mcvemstvf. Oftcneċoe pcorlt sl prcŦerec e u zlknjl Fustrc-\afrsol Kcmfrdejl (Fustreju,ĎlŦou, Yncvfċou, Yncvlmeju, Drvftsou, @csmu e Dlrilacvemu e br.). Oftcneċol su pcorltl ekfne e bruaelurcpsoe mfrcbe (Grfmiuze, Rfnejfme, @lnaejfmie e br.). Efoc jl svek tek pcorltekf ènf zfjlbmeċofc`rfmf stlċlmed prfvf Oftcneċol irovl e Ŧerlmjl orŦāfmsoca svjltcmfzcrf mf svf pcbruċjf jfvmcaŽevctf, cme mesu ekfne jlbemstvlmu crafmezfiejsou gcrku, tj. svfoe jl cb mjed rfzvejfc cml ustrcj`lmlc`neol ocje su mfj`cnjl cbacvfrfne srlbeme u ocjcj su bjlncvfne. Ofrfotlresteċmc jl zf svl oftcneċol pcorltl bf su mfstfjfne „cbczbc‛, tj. cb sfked vjlrmeof, f mesu ène pcteifme cb irovlml dejlrfrdejl,tj. „cbczac‛, ofc Ŧtc jl tc èc snuċfj s mfstfmock Oftcneċol foiejl u bruack blsltnjlāu TT.stcnjlāf. Xcorltfċ DOX-f jl èc orċoe èsoup br. Fmtcm Kfdmeā. (CpŦermejl c esdcbeŦtekf e mfstfmouDrvftsocaf oftcneċoca pcorltf vebe: Jurl OPEŨRC, XrlŦuālmf pcvejlst. Oftcneċof irovf u drvftsocj pcneteie 64<8.-6564., Drvftsof svluċeneŦmf mfonfbf, Zfarl`, 6552.)

69 Drvftsoe oftcneċoe slmecrft jl èc ubruaf oftcneċol svjltcvml emtlnealmiejl e bejlnf knfĖlafoftcneċoca svlālmstvf, pcactcvc rlbcvmeċoca (grfmjlvie e bckemeofmie), ocje su zf svluċeneŦmedstubejf ène ċnfmcve oftcneċoed fofblksoed bruŦtfvf („Drvftsof‛, „Bckfacj‛, „Ytrcsskfylr‛ e br.)e `cacsncvsoed z`crcvf (‛@founf‛, „Fovemfi‛, „Glroeā‛ e br.). Xcteifj zf csmevfmjl Ylmecrftf bfc jl èsoup Kfdmeā (6560.). (C Ylmecrftu cpŦermejl vebe: Z. KFREJLWEć, Drvftsoe oftcneċoe slmecrft

e pcneteof /6560.-6565./ , u :Ircfteif idrestefmf plrecbeif , Ďfscpes Emstetutf zf irovlmu pcvejlstOftcneċoca `cacsncvmca gfountltf u Zfarlù, Zfarl`, 02/0888., `r. 27., 606-670.)62 OrlŦeker XLćMJFO,Ypcr s acsp. Afncveālk, u:Ylmecrsoe Wjlsmeo . Anfsenc drvftsoed oftcneċoed

slmecrf, Zfarl`, 6/6561., `r. 6, 4.6< Acvcrlāe c „trejfnezku‛ vfnjf rlāe bf sl tu rfbenc c pcneteċocj eblje ocjf jl, cvesmc c emtlrprltfieje,

eŦnf zf stvfrfmjlk trlāl, juŽmcsnfvlmsol ene drvftsol brŽfvmc-prfvml jlbemeil u Kcmfrdeje. Rf jlebljf bcènf vlāl zmfċlmjl mfocm pcjfvl vlneocfustrejsoca oruaf coc prlstcncmfsnjlbmeof GrfmjlGlrbemfmbf pcċltock TT. stcnjlāf. C kcauāek bcslzekf „trejfnezkf‛ vebe: K. APCYY, Drvftsof pcneteof vlneocfustrejsoca oruaf coc prejlstcncmfsnjlbmeof Grfmjl Glrbemfmbf, u:Ďfscpes zf suvrlklmu pcvejlst , Emstetut zf destcreju rfbmeċoca pcorltf Drvftsol, Zfarl`, 0/6518., `r. 0, 5-12.

67 Brfacvfm ŨLXEć, Etfnejf, Yfvlzmeie e juacsnfvlmsoc petfmjl 6562-6564, Ũocnsof omjeaf, 6518., 082-08<.




620

cb futcrf „Blonfrfiejl‛. Cm jl u Zfarlù, u rujmu 6561., u oruau svcjed drvftsoedestckeŦnjlmeof ez rlbcvf Ylmecrftf, ezjfvec bf āl „Juacsnfvejf ̀ ete sfstfvnjlmf cb sved

orfjlvf, u ocjekf stfmuju Yncvlmie, Drvfte e Yrè, csek Ŧtc mfk kcŽbf cbuzku, mlbfj @cŽl, Rfnejfme‛.61 Zf mjlaf juacsnfvlmsof brŽfvmf zfjlbmeif ezvfm coverf Fustrc-\afrsol Kcmfrdejl mejl ènf mekfnc upetmf.64

\vebjlvŦe klĖu prvekf bf „Yve`fmjsof blonfrfiejf‛ e mjlzeme zfacvfrftlnjeekfju zf orfjmje ienj ruŦlmjl Fustrc-\afrsol Kcmfrdejl e stvfrfmjl sfkcstfnml ju-acsnfvlmsol brŽfvl, br. E. Xenfr jl orfjlk srpmjf 6561. prlbfc mfbèsoupu Ytfbnl-ru „Ypcklmeiu c rjlŦlmju juŽmcsnfvlmsoca petfmjf‛ („Blmosidregt þ`lr bel sþbsnfv-esidl Grfal‛).65 PfŦċnfmevŦe fotufnmu svjltsoc-pcneteċou setufieju e mjlzem cbmcs pkf „juŽmcsnfvlmsock petfmju‛, Xenfr jl, ofc „cptekfnmc rjlŦlmjl‛, prlbncŽec bf sl„juŽmcsnfvlmsol pcorfjeml ujlbeml u jlbmc jlbemstvlmc uprfvmc pcbruċjl‛ ocjl èsfċemjfvfne: Drvftsof, Ynfvcmejf, Bfnkfiejf, @csmf, Dlrilacvemf, Estrf, Orfmjsof, juŽmf Ũtfjlrsof bc rejlol Brfvl, Acreif e ArfbeŦof. Zf Rrst jl prlbveĖfc pcsl`fmstftus, prlkf ockl è tf nuof ènf mlpcsrlbmc pctċemjlmf brŽfvmcj vnfste.08 \ „Ypc-klmeie‛ jl pcofzfmf pcsl`mf zf`remutcst zf ùbuāmcst @csml e Dlrilacveml. Xrl-kf Xenfrcvck keŦnjlmju srèjfmsocj jl pcneteie uspjlnc zncpcrfète eblju c „mfrcb-mck jlbemstvu‛ Yr`f e Drvftf u emtlrlsu vnfstetl lospfmzecmesteċol pcneteol: „Focsu Yrè e Drvfte jlbfm mfrcb cmbf ez tcaf ncaeċmc snejlbe bf Yrè, mf tlklnju mfrcmca mfċlnf, ekfju prfvc tlŽete ujlbemjlmju sved juŽmcsnfvlmsoed pcorfjemf u jlbvlneocsrpsou brŽfvu‛.06 Cm jl, mfbfnjl, brŽfc bf su Yjlbemjlml Fklreċol BrŽfvl,mf ċlnu s prlbsjlbmeock Rdckfsck Q. Qenscmck, predvftenl eblju bf @csmf e Dlr-ilacvemf „kcrfju ète estramutl‛ ez coverf Kcmfrdejl e mf tlklnju mfrcbmca mfċlnf„prlbfml‛ Yrèje.00 Xrltpcstfvnjfjuāe bf è ujlbemjlmjl sved juŽmcsnfvlmsoed zlkfnjf Kcmfrdejl kcanc mfeāe mf mlprlkcstevl prc`nlkl, Xenfr jl prlbncŽec „kemekfn-mc rjlŦlmjl‛, tj. „ujlbemjlmjl Drvftsol, Ynfvcmejl, Bfnkfiejl e @csml e Dlrilacv-

61

Jcsep FMBPEć,Yjlāfmjl mf brf Orlof. (O blsltcj acbeŦmjeie skrte mfjvlāla sncvlmsoca puċfmemf),u: Ylnjfċoe Ofnlmbfr(bfnjl:YO ) Zfarl`, zf acb. 6501., 27.64 Webe Orlocv rfzacvcr s br. Xltrck Pcaunjck c`jfvnjlm u prvck prcarfku Drvftsol puċol strfmol.

(Ũtc jl Drvftsof puċof strfmof e Ŧtc cmf dcāl. Xrcarfk e urlĖlmjl strfmol, Zfarl`, 6565., u: Z.KFREJLWEć, Ynck pcneteol oftcneċoca juacsnfvlmstvf. Drvftsof puċof strfmof u pcneteċock Ževctu Orfnjlveml YDY /6565.-6505./, Drvftsoe emstetut zf pcvejlst ’ Bck e svejlt, Zfarl`, 6554., 966-960.)

65 YvluċeneŦmf e mfiecmfnmf omjeŽmeif, Zfarl`? Zèrof stfred e rejltoed omjeaf e zèrof ruocpesf? CstfvEvl Xenfrf (bfnjl: CEX), P-<184.

08 Estc, 1.06 Estc, 7.00 Estc, 1.






622

\ mfpcklmfkf uz cvu tcċou bcsncvmc jl pesfnc: „XrlbncŽlmek spfjfmjlk bcènc èsl pcbruċjl cb ctpreneol687.888 ok0 e ctpreneol <6/0kenejumf stfmcvmeof. Cb tcaf è

ènc ctpreneol 96/2

kenejumf Drvftf (oftcneof e kusnekfmf), ctpreneol 66/0

kenejumf Yr`f(prfvcsnfvmed) e cbpreneol pcn kenejumf Melkfif, KfĖfrf, Rfnejfmf e bruaed YnfvlmKcmfrdejl. Xcrlb pcvelstmc-pcneteċol e ltmeċol bfmf jl tekl e prercbmf zlknjcpes-mc-prckltmf e acspcbfrsoc-pcneteċo l prepfbmcst tek zlknjfkf. Rrl`f tfocĖlr mf-anfsete, bf jl uprfvc ujlbemjlmjl treju pcvelstmc pcneteċoed tvcrlvemf mfjvfŽmeje klmt zf czbrfvnjlmjl preneof mf juau, jlr sl u sfbfŦmjlk c`neou pcjlbemf pcbruċjf mlkcau me acspcbfrsoe me ounturmc rfzvejfte. Zftc sl ml kcŽl me pckesnete mf pcbjln juŽmcsnfvlmsoed pcorfjemf, f ènc è cscètc mlsrltmc rjlŦlmjl, ofb è sl _...[ Dlril-acvemf preoncpenf Bfnkfieje, t. j. Fustreje, f @csmf \afrsocj.96 Ml sofmjujlk sl uzt-

vrbete, bf è tfovc rjlŦlmjl pcstfnc tlklnjlk jlbmcaf mcvca rftf. _...[‛.90

\ bruacj sl tcċoe ofŽl bf āl „Xcbruċjl spcklmutc pcb _tcċock[ 6. ètmlrfzbruŽevc pcvlzfmc s cèk brŽfvfkf Kcmfrdejl ofc zfjlbmeċoc pcbruċjl (sneċmcofc bfmfs @csmf e Dlrilacvemf)‛.99

Xrlkf trlācj tcċoe, mf ċlnc mcvcstvcr lml brŽfvmc-prfvml jlbemeil bcŦfc è „jl-bfm ċnfm ifrsol ouāl ofc vcjvcbf Drvftsol (s pumek destcrejsoek mfsncvck Bux En-nustres tcteus Plame Ircftefl, Ynfvcmefl, Bfnkftefl, Pfkfl lt Iunkfl)‛, ocjlaf èeklmcvfc vnfbfr.92

„\èrfmjl e uprfvnjfmjl pcrlzf‛ trl`fnc jl, prlkf slbkcj tcċoe „Xrcklkcre-

jl‛, ète pcvjlrlmc „vnfstetek snuŽ`lmeiekf‛ mcvcuspcstfvnjlmcaf „jlbemstvlmca up-rfvmca pcbruċjf‛.9<

spcklmutek zlknjfkf preonjuċl jcŦ e Estrf e Orfmjsof, fne sl mf tckl mejl emzesterfnc z`ca kcauālactpcrf Fustrejl. („Xrcklkcrejf‛, CEX, P-<182 `, 2-<.). \spcrlbe: N. ĘFOCWEć, XcncŽfj @csml e Dlrilacveml, 6<1.

96 C kfĖfrsoek prltlmzejfkf mf @csmu e Dlrilacvemu vebe: D. OFXEBŻEć, Fustrc-uafrsof pcneteof u @csme e Dlrilacveme, 61-65, 00, 92, 26-21? EYRE, XcncŽfj @csml e Dlrilacveml zf vrejlkl fustrc-uafrsol uprfvl (brŽfvmc-prfvme cbmcse), Mfuċme soup Estcrejsol prltpcstfvol rlpu`neol @csml eDlrilacveml, u: Xrencze Emstetutf zf estcreju rfbmeċoca pcorltf(bfnjl: Xrencze), Yfrfjlvc, 2/6574.,

`r. 2, 11-15? Glrbc DF\XRKFM, Ockèmfiejl coc brŽfvmcprfvmca pcncŽfjf @csml e Dlrilacveml,u:AcbeŦmjfo BruŦtvf estcreċfrf @csml e Dlrilacveml, TE, Yfrfjlvc, 6578., 41-685? N. ĘFOCWEć, Ockèmfiejl kfĖfrsoed pcneteċoed gfotcrf 656<. acbeml coc preonjuċlmjf @csml e Dlrilacveml\afrsocj . (Xrenca prcuċfvfmju estcrejl @csml e Dlrilacveml u prvck svjltsock rftu), Xrencze Emstetutf zf estcreju, Yfrfjlvc, 6</6515., `r. 67, 689-62<? EYRE, XcncŽfj @csml e Dlrilacveml, <-650.

90 Mfv. prlkf: N. v. YÞBNFMB,m. b ., 955. Webe: „Xrcklkcrejf‛, CEX, P-<182 `, <-7.99 Mfv. prlkf: N. v. YÞBNFMB,m. b ., 954. Webe: „Xrcklkcrejf‛, CEX, P-<182 `, 2. RfocĖlr vebe: N.

ĘFOCWEć, XcncŽfj @csml e Dlrilacveml, 6<1.92 Estc.9< Mfv. prlkf: N. v. YÞBNFMB,m. b ., 954. „Xrcklkcrejf‛, CXE, P-<182 `, <. RfocĖlr vebe: N.

ĘFOCWEć, XcncŽfj @csml e Dlrilacveml, 6<4.




62<

Cskf jl tcċof „Xrcklkcrejl‛ prlbveĖfnf bf āl „Xcbruċjl, spcklmutc pcb_tcċock[ 6. ekfte mfsncv: Jlbemstvlmc zfjlbmeċoc pcbruċjl orfnjlveml Drvftsol, Ynf-

vcmejl, Bfnkfiejl e Dlrila-@csml e mfnfzet āl sl pcb pcneteċoek vcbstvck Drvftf_oftcneof e kusnekfmf[‛.97 \ mfpcklme uz cvu tcċou stcje: „Mfsncv prceznfze ez ocm-struoiejl tca pcbruċjf. Drvftsoc vcbstvc mfklāl sl ez muŽbl, bf sl juŽmek Ynfvlmekfbcpuste jlbfm kcauāe c`neo pcneteċoca e ounturmca ezŽevnjfvfmjf. Mlkcauāl jl vcbe-te juŽmcsnfvlmsou pcneteou e uc`āl ml dtjlte bcpustete juŽmek Ynfvlmekf kcauāmcstezf Ževct. Drvfte _oftcneie e kusnekfme[ èjfdu uvejlo vjlrme Kcmfrdeje e bemfsteje, e svek tlŽoek ċfscvekf Kcmfrdejl ̀ ejfdu upcreŦtl prelstcnjf e brŽfvl. Rc su bcofzfne eu cvck rftu _...[. Drvfte _oftcneie e kusnekfme[ e mjedcvf brŽfvmf tvcrlvemf prlbstfvnjfju bfonl mfiecmfnmc e brŽfvcprfvmc Kcmfrdeje prenju`njlme c`neo juŽmca Ynfvlmst Mcve pcrlbfo mf juau kcŽl sl bfonl e skejl sl prcvlste jlbemc u drvftsock skesnu.Rfj mcve pcrlbfo èt āl sfkc lnlklmt smfal e stfènmcste Kcmfrdejl mf juau. _...[‛.91

Mf orfju „Xrcklkcrejl‛ ustvrĖlmc jl snjlblāl: „ZfvrŦfvfk s tvrbmjck, bf èrjlŦlmjl juŽmcsnfvlmsoca petfmjf, ocjl jf prlbnfŽlk, stvcrenc Kcmfrdeje juŽmu kfrou_pcarfmeċmc pcbruċjl[, ocjf ̀ e prctev bfmfŦmjed mlprejftlnjf mf juau e juacestcou ekf-nf jlbmfou vrelbmcst ofc mlofbf Wcjmf Orfjemf prctev Rurfof. Ofb su Drvfte _oftcne-ie e kusnekfme[ jlbmck pcneteċoe zfbcvcnjlme e mlskltfme u svckl rfzvcju, cme āl ète seaurfm `lblk Kcmfrdeje. BcsfbfŦmjl zfvnfċlmjl e orpfrlmjl veŦl mejl kcauāl eml kcŽl sl `rfmete. Ũtc āl prejl e Ŧtc āl tlklnjetejl Kcmfrdejf stvcrete mf juau rlb, tckermejl kcŽl cmf eāe ususrlt svek klĖumfrcbmek zfpnltfjekf‛.94

Xrlkf cvck jl prejlbncau bufnesteċoc brŽfvmc-prfvmc urlĖlmjl Fustrc-\afrsolKcmfrdejl trl`fnc, ̀ frlk gcrkfnmc, cstfte mlmfruŦlmc, bco ̀ e mcvc „jlbemstvlmc up-rfvmc pcbruċjl‛ bcènc stftus ocmbckemejf. Bruaek rejlċekf, rfbenc sl c pcouŦfju prlustrcjf Kcmfrdejl mf csmcve „preorevlmca trejfnezkf‛.

Xenfr, ocje mejl èc u pctpumcste suanfsfm sf svek pcstfvofkf ezmlslmek uYtfbnlrcvcj „Xrcklkcreje‛, 95 kfmeglsterfc jl svcjl mlsnfafmjl prlb sfkek vnfbfrck. Cm jl ifru Ofrnu, u spcklmutcj fubejlmieje, ezncŽec ofoc se cm „zfkeŦnjf rejlŦlmjl ju-acsnfvlmsocaf cbmcsmc drvftsocaf petfmjf‛.28 Bfpfċl, vnfbfru jl uruċec e svcju „spcklmeiu‛.26 Efoc tlost „spcklmeif‛ zfsfb mejl pczmft, uveb u mjlzem kcauāe

97 Mfv. prlkf: N. v. YÞBNFMB,m. b ., 955. Webe: „Xrcklkcrejf‛, CEX, P-<182 `, <. \spcrlbe prejlvcbcskl tcċol „Xrcklkcrejl‛ ocb: N. ĘFOCWEć, XcncŽfj @csml e Dlrilacveml, 6<4.

91 Mfv. prlkf: N. v. YÞBNFMB,m. b ., 288. Webe: „Xrcklkcrejf‛, CEX, P-<12 `, 4-5.94 Mfv. prlkf: N. v. YÞBNFMB,m. b ., 288-286. Webe: „Xrcklkcrejf‛, CEX, P-<182 `, 5.95 „Efoc sl pcsvlkf ml suanfsujlk s tek prcjlotck _„Xrcklkcrejck‛[, epfo jl cm vrnc `nez kcjek

vnfstetek kesnekf, e jf anlbfk u mjlku put bc rjlŦlmjf prc`nlkf‛. (N. v. YÞBNFMB,m. b , 286.)28 Pfzacvcr s J. pn. WfmifŦlk, Mcveml, Zfarl`, 2/6561., `r. 088, 9-2.26 Blputfiejf pn. WfmifŦf e brf. Xenfrf., Mcveml, 2/6561., `r. 650, 2.




627

sfbrŽfj kcŽlkc bcète mf tlklnju Xenfrcved preacvcrf Ytfbnlrcvcj „Xrcklkcreje‛ emjlacved rfzkeŦnjfmjf c rjlŦlmju brŽfvmc-prfvmed cbmcsf mf juau Kcmfrdejl ezm

slmed u omjeze „JuŽmcsnfvlmsoc petfmjl‛.20

Xrlbsjlbmeo Juacsnfvlmsoca onu`f vnċ. OcrcŦli bcputcvfc jl 96. ocncvczf6561. u Yfrfjlvc.29 Mjlacvf jl mfkjlrf ̀ enf bf sl upczmf sf stfjfneŦtekf tfbf vcblāed pcneteċfrf e vjlrsoed prlbstfvmeof u @csme e Dlrilacveme. Cmc Ŧtc jl vnċ. OcrcŦmfjveŦl zfmekfnc, ènc jl keŦnjlmjl mfbèsoupf Ytfbnlrf e mjlacvl pcneteċol soupemc pcneteċock prcarfku „Yve`fmjsol blonfrfiejl‛. Yncvlmsock jl pcneteċfru anlbeŦtfvrd`csfmsoca mfbèsoupf e mjlacved estckeŦnjlmeof c`rfzncŽec br. Xenfr ocje jl, z prfvc, pcmcvec sfkc cmc Ŧtc jl vlā ènc ezmlslmc u Ytfbnlrcvcj „Xrcklkcreje‛.22 Bruaek rejlċekf, cb tl sl pcneteċol soupeml mejl kcanf cċloevfte pcbrŦof „Yve`fm- jsocj blonfrfieje‛. Mluspjld u rfzacvcrekf sf Ytfbnlrcvck soupemck vnċ. OcrcŦli jl mfbcomfbecuspjldck ocb `csfmsoed e dlrilacvfċoed grfmjlvfif, ocje su, snjlblāed kjlslie, `lz-rlzlrvmc pcbrŽfne „Yve`fmjsou blonfrfieju‛.2< Xrejl mlac Ŧtc su sl grfmjlvie jfvmc ez- jfsmene zf „Yve`fmjsou blonfrfieju‛, bcŦnc jl u stublmckl 6561. bc c`jfvnjevfmjf „Ez jfvl onlreofnml arupl `csfmsoc-dlrilacvfċoed oftcneof‛, cbmcsmc Ytfbnlrcvl „Ez- jfvl‛, ocjf jl svcjek sfbrŽfjlk ènf u pctpumcj suprctmcste s „Blonfrfiejck‛ Juac-snfvlmsoca onu`f.

\ bruacj tcċoe „Ezjfvl‛ bcsncvmc jl trfŽlmc snjlblāl: „Zfdtjlvfkc sjlbemjlm- jl cmed zlkfnjf, mf ocjl sl drvftsoc brŽfvmc prfvc prctlŽl, mfjkl Drvftsol, Ynf-vcmejl, Bfnkfiejl, @csml e Dlrilacveml tl drvftsol Estrl u jlbmc pcneteċoc e gemfmiejfnmc futcmckmc, sf df`sùrŦock kcmfrdejck ofc ijlnemck mlrfzbruŽevc spcjl-mc brŽfvmc tejlnc‛.27

„Ezjfvu‛ jl pctpesfc mfbèsoup Ytfbnlr f, fne ml sfkc u svcjl ekl mlac e „u ekl<6 cbneċmcaf arfajfmemf ez Yfrfjlvf e prcvemiejl, ocje fne sfbf ez sdvftnjeved rfzncsvcjed pctpesf c`jlncbfmete ml kcau‛.21

20 Webe. N. v. YÞBNFMB,m. b ., 286 e b.29 C OcrcŦċlvu bcnfsou u Yfrfjlvc cpŦermejl vebe: Kckċenc ZLĎLWEć,Yncvlmsof njubsof strfmof e

juacsncvlmsoc ujlbemjlmjl 6561-6506. Cb Kfjsol blonfrfiejl bc vebcvbfmsoca ustfvf, Emstetut zfsfvrlklmu estcreju ’ MEX Lxpcrt-Xrlss, @lcarfb, 6519., 50-52.

22 N. ĘFOCWEć, XcncŽfj @csml e Dlrilacveml, 617-611.2< @._cmegfi[ @FBPCW,Cbjlo sve`fmjsol blonfrfiejl u @csme.,u: Grfmjlvfċoe Wejlsmeo , Wescoc

’ Yfrfjlvc, 9</6504., `r. 60, 979-97<. Ezjfvl `csfmsoed e dlrilacvfċoed grfmjlvfif u prenca„Blonfrfieje‛ vebe: G. ŨEŨEć,m. b ., 681-684.

27 Mfv. prlkf: Drvftsoe Bmlvmeo (bfnjl: DB), Yfrfjlvc, 60/6561., `r. 079, 6.21 Estc.




621

„Ezjfve‛ jl èc mfbcbfm rlnftevmc cpŦerfm, mlpctpesfm ċnfmfo pcb mfsncvck„Mf c`rfmu drvftstvf!‛, u ockl sl cbèjfc prcarfk „Yve`fmjsol blonfrfiejl‛, ofc

pcneteċoe mlrlfnfm, f zfnfafnc sl zf tfovf rjlŦlmjf ocjf āl sl tlklnjete mf zfdtjlvekfezmlslmekf u „Ezjfve‛.24

Ytfbnlrcvf jl „Ezjfvf‛ cbkfd ezfzvfnf ùrml rlfoiejl. Mc, kfnc jl toc cbtfbfŦmjed pcneteċoed njube vjlrcvfc bf jl vrd`csfmsoe mfbèsoup stvfrme emeiejftcr efutcr „Ezjfvl‛. Yukmjf jl mfjprejl pfnf mf almlrfnf Ytjlpfmf `frumf Yfrocteāf25- bf jl prloc E. Xenfrf e br. Eveil Xfveċeāf utjlifc mf mfbèsoupf Ytfbnlrf bf c`jfve „Ez- jfvu‛ sf svcjek pctpesck.<8 Ytenezfiejf, pfo, sfkl „Ezjfvl‛ e pcprftmca ċnfmof uof-zevfne su mf tc bf jl mjedcv stvfrme futcr èc br. Xenfr, Ŧtc jl cm blsltfo acbemf ofsmejl e pctvrbec.<6

Cbkfd mfocm Ŧtc jl „Ezjfvf‛ uanlbfnf svjltnc bfmf, vcbstvc Ylmecrftf u Zfarl- ù cŦtrc jl mf mju rlfaerfnc. Bcvcblāe ju sfsvek cprfvbfmc u vlzu sf Ytfbnlrcvck„Xrcklkcrejck‛ ez ocncvczf estl acbeml, drvftsoe su oftcneċoe slmecre u pctpumcs-te cb`fiene „Ezjfvu‛.<0

\mftcċ rlnftevmc pcvcnjmck vfmjsocpcneteċock e vcjmck pcncŽfju Kcmfrdejl pcċltock 6564., cmf jl svfocbmlvmc zfpfbfnf u svl vlāu umutfrmju orezu, prvlm-stvlmc z`ca mlzfbcvcnjstvf svcjed `rcjmed snfvlmsoed mfrcbf. Mfjbu`njf sl orezfcsjlāfnf mf juau Kcmfrdejl. Efoc su tfbf vcblāe fustrc-uafrsoe pcneteċfre buac cbè- jfne e sfku pckesfc bf pcanlbfju esteme u cċe e prezmfju bf u brŽfve pcstcje mlrejlŦlmc„juŽmcsnfvlmsoc petfmjl‛, bc tcaf jl, epfo, bcŦnc tejlock 6564. PfzkeŦnjfmjf pcneteċoca vrdf Kcmfrdejl c muŽmcste rjlŦfvfmjf „juŽmcsnfvlmsoca petfmjf‛ ènf su

24 Webe: Mf c`rfmu drvftstvf!, DB, 6016561., `r.079, 6.25 Ytjlpfm `frum Yfrocteā cb Ncvālmf, almlrfn e pcneteċfr, rcbec sl u Yemiu orfj Ctcċif, 2. nestcpfbf

64<4., f ukrc jl u @lċu, 67. nestcpfbf 6595. Bepnckerfc jl mf Rlrlzejfmsocj vcjmcj fofblkejeu @lċock Mcvck Kjlstu (6415.). Cb 6560., u ċemu almlrfn-`cjmeof, zfpcvejlbfc jl drvftsoc-snfvcmsoek bckc`rfmstvck sf sjlbeŦtlk u Zfarlù. Orfjlk 6562. eklmcvfm jl vcjmek auvlrmlrck@lcarfbf, f pctck vcjmek mfkjlsmeock u @csme e Dlrilacveme e Bfnkfieje. Acb. 6567. vcbec jl

vcjme pcdcb mf Irmu Acru. Zf esofzfmu vcjmu vjlŦtemu e jumfŦtvc bcèc jl pnlkeāou tetunu (`frumft). Mfocm snckf Fustrc-\afrsol Kcmfrdejl cbnfze u lkearfieju. \ @lċu jl coupnjfc soupemu drvftsoed pcneteċoed lkearfmftf, ocje su estupfne prctev mcvcmfstfnl juacsnfvlmsol brŽfvl. (Xcbfie prluzlte ez:_F. W\JEć, ur.[, m. bj., 28<.) CpŦermejl c Ževctu e bjlnu almlrfnf Yfrocteāf vebe: Lrmlst @F\LP, Blrnltztl Xfnfbem bls Pleidls. Almlrfnc`lrst Ytlgfm Grledlrr Yfrocteā vcm Ncvālm, Wlrnfa Ytyref, Arfz ’ Qelm ’ O÷nm, 6544.

<8 Kfrejc KFR\NEć, Xcstfmfo Juacsnfvejl, YO , zf acb. 6504., 22-2<.<6 E. XENFP, Lospczl anlbl petfmjf eznfsof Drvftf ez Orfnjlveml Y.D.Y., s.n. & f. _6.[. „Lospczl‛ sl

mfnfze u vnfsmeŦtvu cètlnje Jfmċeocveā. Zfdvfnjujlk br. si. Zcrfmu Arejfou Ŧtc ke jl ckcauāec uvebu tfj Xenfrcv tlost.

<0 Mcvf ezjfvf c rjlŦlmju mfŦlaf mfrcbmcaf prc`nlkf.,u: Mcveml, 2/6564., `r. 071, 6? „Ezjfvf‛., Mcveml,2/6561., `r. 074, 6.




624

bc`fr pcvcb zf br. Xenfrf e mjlacv pcneteċoe orua bf orlmu u emtlmzevmu pcneteċouieju.

Rejlock nepmjf 6564. br. Xenfr jl sfstfvec „Yoeiu zf jlbfm klkcrfmbuk‛(„Lmtwurg zu lemlk Klkcrfmbuk‛),<9 ocje su „Drvfte @csml e Dlrilacveml trl`f-ne uruċete Mj._lacvck[ Wlneċfmstvu _ifru Ofrnu[ u pcvcbu prlbstcjlālaf urlĖlmjfbrŽfvmcprfvml prepfbmcste cved zlkfnjf‛.<2 Xrekjlrfo „Yoeil‛ br. Xenfr jl, 08. srpmjf6564., uruċec e svckl tfstu br. Fbfn`lrtu Ydlou.<< „Ocmfċmf soeif zf jlbfm klkc-rfmbuk‛ („Lmbaþntealr Lmtwurg zu lemlk Klkcrfmbuk‛)<7 mejl sl ètmc rfzneocvf-nf cb „Yoeil‛, f bfterfmf jl u Yfrfjlvu <. ocncvczf 6564.<1 \ tlostu „Ocmfċml soeil‛mejl mfvlblm mjlzem futcr. Epfo, ez uspcrlb`l „Yoeil‛ e „Ocmfċml soeil‛ cċeanlbmc prceznfze bf jl mjlzem sfstfvnjfċ, u iejlncste ene `frlk vlālk bejlnu, èc br. Xenfr.

\ uvcbmck bejlnu „Ocmfċml soeil‛ Xenfr jl mfvlc rfzncal z`ca ocjed jl prl-kf mjlacvck keŦnjlmju pcncŽfj drvftsoca mfrcbf pcstfc mlsmcsfm e vfpec zf Žurmek

<9 CEX, P-<166.<2 Estc. Pejlċ jl c pcbmfsncvu „Yoeil‛.<< Fbfn`lrt Ydlo pn. Wuarcvlċoe sl rcbec u Wuarcviu, orfj Zfarl`f, 64. sve`mjf 64<6., f ukrc jl u

Zfarlù 69. cŽujof 6599. Aekmfzeju jl zfvrŦec u Zfarlù. Ofc steplmbest zfarl`fċol almlrfnmlvcjml ockfmbl zfvrŦec jl stubej prfvf mf `lċock YvluċeneŦtu. Acb. 6412. stupec jl u subfċou

snuŽù ofc presnuŦmeo ocb orfnjlvsoca sub`lmca stcnf u Zlkumu, f vlā jl snjlblāl acbeml eklmcvfmzf subsoca prestfvf u estck kjlstu. Rre acbeml ofsmejl pcstfc jl subsoe tfjmeo mf orfnjlvsocmsub`lmck stcnu u Xltremje (6414.). Ynjlblāl jl acbeml (6415.) pcstfvnjlm zf pcvjlrlmeof zf csmevfmjlarumtcvmeil zf pcbruċjl orfnjlvsoca sub`lmca stcnf u Acspeāu. Mf tcj jl buŽmcste cstfc svl bc 6440.Orfāl jl vrejlkl èc stfrjlŦemf octfrsoca subf u Ctcċiu. Acbeml 6449. èc jl bcbejlnjlm `csfmsoc-dlrilacvfċocj Zlkfnjsocj vnfbe e tc mfjprejl ofc subsoe sfvjltmeo u coruŽmck subu u @fmjcj Nuie.Estl jl acbeml prlkjlŦtlm u coruŽme sub u Yfrfjlvu. Xcċltock 6442. mfstfvec jl s rfbck u Xrvckcbjlnjlmju Zlkfnjsol vnfbl u Yfrfjlvu, u Cbsjlou zf rlaunerfmjl Ŧuksoed pcsjlbf e csmevfmjlarumtcvmeif. Ofc rlglrlmt tca Cbsjlof surfĖevfc jl mf ezrfbe zfocmsoed csmcvf c urlĖlmju Ŧuksoca pcsjlbf, ofc e mf zfocmcbfvmck rfbu mf csmevfmju arumtcvmeif. Acbeml 6441. pcstfvnjlm jl zf pckcāmca rlglrlmtf mf vrdcvmck subu zf @csmu e Dlrilacvemu. \ rfzbc`nju cb 6445. bc 6457. èc

jl mfbsfvjltmeo mf Wrdcvmck subu. Cb 6457. bc 6581. èc jl prlbsjlbmeo slmftf Wrdcvmca subf.Acbeml 6581. eklmcvfm jl zf Ŧlgf Cbjlnjlmjf zf prfvcsuĖl Zlkfnjsol vnfbl u Yfrfjlvu.\z svcjlsubfċoc zvfmjl, Ydlo sl pcsvltec cbafjfmju Ŧlrejftsocaf subfċoca pcbknftof. Cm jl csfkmflstacbemf mf Ŧlrejftsocj subfċocj Ŧocne, ofc dcmcrfrme mfstfvmeo, prlbfvfc arfĖfmsoc e oreveċmc prfvtl prcilsmc, brŽfvmc e uprfvmc prfvc. Mfocm fmlosejl (6584.), èc jl jlbfm cb anfvmed futcrf `csfmsoc-dlrilacvfċoca ustfvf (6568.). Acbeml 6569. Ydlo jl ukercvnjlm, tl ku jl tck preneock pcbejlnjlmf ċfst prfvcaf tfjmca sfvjltmeof. Mfocm cbnfsof u kercvemu Ydlo jl mf pczev `lċocaYvluċeneŦtf, ofc dcmcrfrme bcilmt, brŽfc prlbfvfmjf ez `csfmsoca prfvf. Mfstfvmeċou jl buŽmcstc`fvnjfc svl bc 6565., ofbf sl z`ca `cnlste pctpumc pcvuofc ez jfvmca Ževctf. (Xcbfie bcèvlme cbkr. si. Rlcbcrl Ydlo-@rmfrbeā, ocjcj mfjesorlmejl zfdvfnjujlk.)

<7 CEX, P ’ <166.<1 Estc, 1.




625

rjlŦlmjlk. Ofc jlbfm cb tre anfvmf rfzncaf mfvlblm jl e brŽfvmc-prfvme pcncŽfj @csmle Dlrilacveml, ocje „meofbf _u Fustrc-\afrsocj Kcmfrdeje[ mejl èc urlĖlm‛.<4

Anlbl petfmjf rjlŦlmjf brŽfvmc-prfvmca pcncŽfjf @csml e Dlrilacveml u„Ocmfċmcj soeie‛ sl bcsncvmc ofŽl: „Xcsl`mc ukcnjfvfkc e mfbfkc sl bf prfvlb-mcst WfŦlaf Wlneċfmstvf mlāl bcpustete bf mfŦf uŽf bckcvemf @csmf e Dlrilacv-emf ùbl _...[ ctramutf cb Bfnkfiejl, Drvftsol e Ynfvcmejl. @csmf e Dlrilacvemftvcrl s Drvftsock, Ynfvcmejck e Bfnkfiejck jlbmc mlrfzbvcjevc mfiecmfnmc-pc-vejlsmc-pcneteċoc, acspcbfrsoc-pcneteċoc e prckltmc-pcneteċoc jlbemstvc, `lz ocafcvl pcsnjlbmjl spcklmutl zlknjl ml kcau ucpāl _...[ Ževjlte, f ofkcne mfprlbcvf-te. _...[ Cbvfjfmjl @csml e Dlrilacveml cb cstfned drvftsoed zlkfnjf kcrfne è Drvf-te prvlmstvlmc anlbfte ofc mlŦtc Ŧtc jl uplrlmc prctev mjedcvf cpstfmof e ofc pcouŦfjbf sl sprejlċe mjedcvc jfċfmjl e ocmscneberfmjl, tl prlkf tckl pctocpfvf mjedcvf ùbuāmcst _...[‛.<5

Bf ̀ e Ŧtc ċvrŦāl pctorejlpec svcjl stfjfneŦtl c muŽmcste ujlbemjlmjf „sved drvftsoedzlkfnjf‛, Xenfr sl pczvfc mf „Ypcklmeiu‛ ocju jl ifr e orfnj Jcsep EE. vnfstcruċmc mf- pesfc jcŦ 6148. \ mjcj sl tfbfŦmje vnfbfr ez ouāl Df`sùra-Nctrema zfuzlc zf kcauālujlbemjlmjl drvftsoed zlkfnjf, uonjuċujuāe e ’ @csmu.78

Yubèmf „Ocmfċml soeil‛ mejl pczmftf, fne jl kfnc vjlrcjftmc bf jl uruċlmfvnfbfru.

Ifr e orfnj Ofrnc E. (EW.) rlnftevmc jl rfmc uvebec vfŽmcst „juŽmcsnfvlsmoca pe-tfmjf‛ zf bfnjmju subèmu Kcmfrdejl. Mfstcjlāe prcmfāe „zfjlbmeċou gcrkunu‛ ocjf è bcmejlnf spfscmcsmc rjlŦlmjl, cbnuċec jl pcvjlrete vfŽmu pcneteċou „emgcrkftevmkeseju‛ èvŦlk uafrsock kemestru-prlbsjlbmeou arcgu Estvfmu (Ytjlpfmu) Resze, zfocaf sl brŽfnc bf jl mfjjfċe pcneteċoe ċcvjlo u \afrsocj. Cm jl ofc „dckc rlaeus‛trl`fc ctputcvfte mf jua Kcmfrdejl, uonjuċujuāe @csmu e Dlrilacvemu, tl pcouŦfte prcmfāe spfscmcsmu gcrkunu, ocjf è ctoncmenf pcae`lnj ocjf sl mfbvenf mfb brŽfvckDf`sùraf. 76

JcŦ prejl mlac Ŧtc jl Ofrnc pcvjlrec Resze keseju, u kfĖfrsoek jl pcneteċoekoruacvekf ènc prlbveĖlmc mlocneoc kcauāed rjlŦlmjf „juŽmcsnfvlmsoca petfmjf‛. MfjċlŦāl su sl spckemjfnf tre snjlblāf:

„f) @csmf e Dlrilacvemf ujlbemjuju sl sf \afrsock ofc —slpfrftuk icrpus ic-rcmfl dumafrefl―.

<4 Estc, 6.<5 Estc, 1.78 Estc, 7-1. RfocĖlr vebe: Lem Klkcrfmbuk Ofeslr Jcslgs EE. þ`lr Orcftlm, u: Orcftesidl Pumbsidfu

(bfnjl: OP), Zfarl`, 6/6564., _Mr.[ 9, 2<-27.76 @cabfm OPEZKFM, Drvftsof u Xrvck svjltsock rftu. Drvftsoc-srpsoe pcneteċoe cbmcse, Ancùs,

Zfarl`, 6545., 0<6.




6<8

`) Bfnkfiejf sl presfjlbemjujl Drvftsocj, @csmf e Dlrilacvemf \afrsocj.i) Drvftsof bcèvf cb @csml zfpfbml corual: èdfāoe e `fmjfnuċoe, f cb Bfn-

kfiejl sjlvlrme bec sf Ypnetck. JuŽme bec Bfnkfiejl sf Bu`rcvmeock e @cock Oc-tcrsock, Dlrilacvemf e estcċme bec @csml sf Žlnjlzmeċock pruack @csfmsoe @rcb Yfrfjlvc ’ Kcstfr ’ Zlnlmeof ofc cscvemck prepfne è \afrsocj‛.70

Mf svck vlneock pcneteċock putcvfmju pc juau Kcmfrdejl, Reszf jl steafc 08.rujmf 6564. u Yfrfjlvc. Ru sl sfstfc s ̀ rcjmek uanfvmck juacsnfvlmsoe crejlmterfmek `csfmsoc-dlrilacvfċoek pcneteċfrekf ez svl tre ltmeċoc-vjlrsol zfjlbmeil (drvftsoc-oftcneċol, srpsoc-prfvcsnfvml e kusnekfmsol),79 klĖu ocjekf su, mf prlpcruou zl-kfnjsoca pcanfvfrf almlrfnf Yfrocteāf, ̀ ene e prctujuacsnfvlmsoe crejlmterfme br. Xene ema. WfmifŦ.72 Reszf jl, 06. rujmf 6564., c`cjeiu prekec u fubejlmieju.7<

Xrlkf mcvemsock ezvjlŦāu, Xenfr jl arcgu Resze rlofc bf jl „u cvck ċfsu rjlŦlmjl `csfmsoc-dlrilacvfċoca petfmjf uc`āl mfjvfŽmeje prc`nlk zf Drvftl _...[‛.77 Bruaek

70 D. OFXEBŻEć, Fustrc-uafrsof pcneteof u @csme e Dlrilacveme, 29.79 CpŦermejl c Reszemek rfzacvcrekf sf srpsoek, drvftsoek e kusnekfmsoek pcneteċfrekf u Yfrfjlvu

vebe: @. @FBPCW,m. b ., 971-974? Junejfm JLNLMEć,Arcg Ytjlpfm Reszf u Yfrfjlvu acb. 6564. Ezkcjed sfrfjlvsoed zfpfkālmjf ,u: C`zcr , Zfarl`, 2. nestcpfbf 6504.? Wnfbeker ćCPCWEć, Estcrejf Juacsnfvejl, Mfrcbmc Blnc, @lcarfb, 6599., <1<? D. OFXEBŻEć, Fustrc-uafrsof pcneteof u @csme e Dlrilacveme, 22-21? YrĖfm @\BEYFWNJLWEć,Ytvfrfmjl brŽfvl Yr`f, Drvftf e Yncvlmfif. XcvcbckċltrblsltcacbeŦmjeil juacsncvlmsoca ujlbemjlmjf, Juacsnfvlmsof fofblkejf zmfmcste e ukjltmcste,Zfarl`, 65<4., 662-661? @lrmfrb YR\NNE,Coc jlbml turmljl arcgf Reszl pc juacsnfvlmsoek zlknjfkf u slptlk`ru 6564 . (Xrenca destcreje 6564-l u juacsnfvlmsoek zlknjfkf), u: Xrlanlb ,Yfrfjlvc, 66/65<5., ̀ r. 6, 95-25? @. OPEZKFM,C putu arcgf Ytj. Reszl pc juacsnfvlmsoek zlknjfkfu slptlk`ru 6564 , u: Destcrejsoe z`crmeo , Zfarl`, 66-60/65<4.-<5., 099-025? EYRE, Drvftsof u Xrvck svjltsock rftu , 0<6-076? L. @F\LP,m. b ., 607-605? Jcsep DCPWFR, Xcneteċof pcvejlst Drvftsol,Bruae bec, Fuaust Ilsfrli, Zfarl`, 6545., 77-74? Mcln KFNICNK, Xcvejlst @csml. Orftoe prlanlb , Lrfskus aenbf, Zfarl` ’ Yfrfjlvc, 655<., 064? BuŦfm @ENFMBŻEć, Drvftsof kcblrmf pcvejlst , Acnblm kfroltema, Zfarl`, 6555., <1-<4? Xltfr WPFMOEć, Plneaecm umb Xcneteo em @csmelmumb Dlrilacwemf (6414-6564), Glrbemfmb Yid÷memad , Xfblr`crm ’ Kþmidlm ’ Qelm ’ Zþreid,6554., 128-126? Zcrfm APEJFO, Xcneteċof bjlnftmcst vrd`csfmsoca mfbèsoupf J. Ytfbnlrf, <<8-

<<2? G. ŨEŨEć,m. b ., 676-67<? D OFXEBŻEć, @csmf e Dlrilacvemf zf vrejlkl prvca svjltsoca rftf.(BrŽfmjl fustrcuafrsoed vnfste prlkf juacsncvlmsock petfmju e stvfrfmju juacsncvlmsol brŽfvl),u:Anfsmeo frdevf e bruŦtfvf frdevsoed rfbmeof @csml e Dlrilacveml, Yfrfjlvc, 7/6577., omj. 7, 906-909:

72 @. OPEZKFM, @csmf e Dlrilacvemf e juacsncvlmsoc petfmjl u 6564. acbeme,u: Xrencze, 2/6574., `r.2, 54, ènj. 92.

7< Y. @\BEYFWNJLWEć,m. b ., 661? @. OPEZKFM,C putu arcgf Ytj. Reszl, 095? EYRE, @csmf e Dlrilacvemf e juacsncvlmsoc petfmjl u 6564. acbeme, 687? EYRE , Drvftsof u Xrvck svjltsock rftu,0<5? N. ĘFOCWEć, XcncŽfj @csml e Dlrilacveml, 656? Ũlgeo @LŨNFAEć, Xcvcbck bcnfsof arcgfReszl u Yfrfjlvc 6564. acbeml (e rfsprfvf br. ć. Rrudlnol),Csjlċoe z`crmeo , Csejlo, 6541., ̀ r. 64-65,952? L. @F\LP,m. b., 604.

77 @csfmsoe pcneteċfre c petfmju @csml e Dlrilacveml,u: Drvftsof, Zfarl`, 6564., `r. 0625, 6.




6<6

rejlċekf, cm jl zfdtejlvfc tlretcrejfnmc ujlbemjlmjl Drvftsol, Ynfvcmejl e Bfnkfiejl s@csmck e Dlrilacvemck.71 Xenfr jl „ctonfmjfc svfoc uafrsoc rjlŦlmjl‛ anlbl @csml

e Dlrilacveml jlr è cmc, prlkf mjlacvck keŦnjlmju, „urcbenc mfjacrek pcsnjlbeif-kf‛ e kcanc „prcuzrcċete mcvl rftml zfpnltfjl‛.74

Yf svcjl jl, pfo, strfml arcg Reszf èc cbnuċfm u tckl bf sl „juŽmcsnfvlmsoc pe-tfmjl‛ kcŽl rejlŦete sfkc tfoc bf sl „ml berf u bufnesteċou brŽfvmu gcrku‛.75 Bfpfċl,ezjfvec jl bf brŽe „prepcjlmjl @csml e Dlrilacveml trcjlbmcj orfnjlveme Drvftsocj,Ynfvcmeje e Bfnkfieje, tc jlst zlknjfkf svltl oruml sv. Ytjlpfmf, `fŦ tfoc kcauāekofc e berlotmc prepcjlmjl @csml \afrsocj‛.18

Mfocm rfzacvcrf, c`f su drvftsof pcneteċfrf cteŦnf vlckf mlzfbcvcnjmf.16

Ynjlblāla bfmf, 00. rujmf 6564., arcg Reszf jl pcmcvmc prekec br. Xenfrf mfrfzacvcr.10 Rck jl preneock Xenfr uruċec kfĖfrsock pcneteċfru „Ypcklmeiu‛,19 u ocjcj jl c`rfzncŽec mfstcjfmjf svcaf pcneteċoca oruaf coc ujlbemjlmjf sved drvftsoed zl-kfnjf, u ocjl jl u`rfjfc Drvftsou, Ynfvcmeju, Bfnkfieju, @csmu e Dlrilacvemu, tl Es-tru.12 MlrejlŦlme brŽfvmcprfvme pcncŽfj drvftsoed zlkfnjf bcvlc jl, prlkf XenfrcvckkeŦnjlmju, bc tcaf bf su Drvfte „bfmfs vlneoek bejlnck preprfvme ofc mfbckjlstfo_zf drvftsou brŽfvu umutfr arfmeif Kcmfrdejl[, predvftete srpsoc-drvftsou brŽfvu ez-vfm Kcmfrdejl, f tc jl tlklnjmf ebljf juacsnfvlmstvf‛.1<

Xenfr jl èc cbnuċfm u tckl bf kfĖfrsoe vnfbfjuāe oruacve mesu ène svjlsme bfsl mf juau Kcmfrdejl „stcje prlb tcċmc cbrlĖlmek ez`crck: ene Orfnjlvemf Drvfts-of ofc orumsof zlknjf umutfr Kcmfrdejl ene usocrc orfnjlvemf vlneof Yrèjf ezvfmKcmfrdejl‛.17 Zf mjlaf jl pcstcjfnc sfkc jlbmc rjlŦlmjl tlŦocaf pcncŽfjf u ockl slmfŦnf Fustrc-\afrsof Kcmfrdejf: „bfmfs kcŽl pckcāe sfkc jlbmc `rzc ujlbemjlm-

71 Estc.74 Estc.75 Estc.18 Estc.16 @. OPEZKFM, @csmf e Dlrilacvemf e juacsncvlmsoc petfmjl u 6564. acbeme, 681.10 D. OFXEBŻEć, Fustrc-uafrsof pcneteof u @csme e Dlrilacveme, 27? @. OPEZKFM,C putu arcgf Ytj.

Reszl, 027?Reszf u @csme e Dlrilacveme,u: Mcveml, </6564., `r. 085, 0.19 „Blmosidregt þ`lrrleidt fk 00. Ylptlk`lr 6564 blk Arfglm Ytlgfm Reszf alnlalmtneid slemlr

Emgcrkftecmsrlesl em Yfrfjlvc‛. (CEX, P ’ <168.)12 Estc, 6. Anlbl svcaf sdvfāfmjf cpslaf drvftsoed zlkfnjf, Xenfr jl Reszu uputec mf svcju omjeau „Bel

sþbsnfvesidl Grfal umb blr Qlntorela‛ e tc pcsl`mc mf bruac pcanfvnjl (str. 628-090). („Blmosidregt‛,6? Z. APEJFO, Xcneteċof bjlnftmcst vrd`csfmsoca mfbèsoupf J. Ytfbnlrf, 102, ènj. 0<26.)

1< „Blmosidregt‛, _2[? Z. APEJFO, Xcneteċof bjlnftmcst vrd`csfmsoca mfbèsoupf J. Ytfbnlrf, <<9-<<2.

17 „Blmosidregt‛, _7[.






6<9

„Mfjoc`mejl jl‛, prlkf Xenfrcvck keŦnjlmju, u iejlnck brŽfvmc-prfvmcke pcneteċock zfpnltfju mf juau Kcmfrdejl ènc tc Ŧtc sl „juŽmcsnfvlmsoc petfm-

jl s pcstcjlāek prfvmek csmcvfkf e cbmcsekf kcāe, ml kcŽl ucpāl rejlŦete mf zf-ocmet mfċem‛.42 \mftcċ tcj pcrfŽfvfjuācj ocmstftfieje, cm jl mubec rjlŦlmjl: „Mlkc- jkc sl c`kfmjevfte! Kcmfrdejf jl u svck stfrck c`neou ’ krtvf. _...[ Wjlrujlk _...[bf sl mcvf ezarfbmjf _Kcmfrdejl[ kcŽl prcvlste sfkc mf glblrfnesteċock tlklnju.Xcstcjlāf Kcmfrdejf kcŽl sfbf ̀ ete sfkc glblrftevmf brŽfvf sfstfvnjlmf cb veŦl kf-ned mfiecmfnmed brŽfvf. \ cover tl glblrftevml brŽfvl unfze e jlbmf juŽmcsnfvlmsofglblrfnmf brŽfvf. _...[ Xcstcjl bvejl kcauāmcste: 6. cb juŽmcsnfvlmsoed sl zlkfnjf kcau stvcrete bvejl kfnl glblrftevml brŽfvl ’ Drvftsof _s @csmck e Dlrilac-vemck[ e Yncvlmejf? 0. cb sved sl juŽmcsnfvlmsoed zlkfnjf Kcmfrdejl kcŽl stvcre-te jlbemstvlmf juŽmcsnfvlmsof brŽfvf _—Yþbsnfwelm―[‛.4< \zekfjuāe u c`zer umutfrm- jl e vfmjsol pcneteċol ċek`lmeol, Xenfr sl cbnuċec zf cvc bruac rjlŦlmjl: „kesnek bf prvf brŽfvf _Drvftsof[ ml è ènf predvfālmf mete cb Fmtfmtl mete cb mfrcbf mf juauKcmfrdejl‛.47

Xenfr jl svcjl prlbfvfmjl zfvrŦec snjlblāek rejlċekf: „Yve mfrcbe trl`fjuKcmfrdeju mf svcjek bfmfŦmjek pcbruċjekf, f foc ̀ e trlmutmc mf mju zf`crfvene, tfbfāl jl usocrc mfuċete iejlmete u cpcrcj Ŧocne Ževctf‛.41

Xenfr jl u prlbfvfmju rfbeofnezerfc svcjl pcanlbl c kcauālk rjlŦlmju ml sfkc„juŽmcsnfvlmsoca petfmjf‛ mlac e cpstfmof iejlnl Kcmfrdejl. Mjlacvc mfpuŦtfmjl„preorevlmca trejfnezkf‛, ofc kcauāla rjlŦlmjf „juŽmcsnfvlmsoca petfmjf u oc-rest glblrfnezfiejl Kcmfrdejl, ènc jl zfofŦmjlne pcouŦfj spfŦfvfmjf ukeruāl brŽfvlDf`sùraf.

Yvlaf mlocneoc tjlbfmf ofsmejl „juŽmcsnfvlmsoc petfmjl‛ jl „rejlŦlmc‛ ezvfmco r verf Fustrc-\afrsol Kcmfrdejl, f drvftsol su sl zlknjl, zfjlbmc s @csmck e Dlr-ilacvemck, mfŦnl u mcvcstvcrlmck Orfnjlvstvu Yr`f, Drvftf e Yncvlmfif pcb vnfŦāusrèjfmsol bemfstejl OfrfĖcrĖlveā.

42 Estc, 68.4< Estc, 60-69.47 Estc, 69-62.41 Estc, 67.




Yukkfry

RDL YRFRL-NLAFN XCYERECM CG @CYMEF&DLPZLACWEMF EM RDL XCNEREIFN ICMILXRECMY CG BP EWC XENFP

(6561-6564)

Rdl stftl-nlafn spnet cg tdl Ycutd Ynfvcmei icumtrels em tdl Fustrc-DumafrefmKcmfridy dfpplmlb tc `l f plrkfmlmt scuril cg emstfènety em tdl Df`sùra stftl.

Br Evc Xenfr, nfwylr, pcneteiefm fmb alcpcneteiefm trelb em tdl nfst twc ylfrs cg Kcmfridy—s lxestlmil, tc gemb f sftesgfitcry scnutecm cg tdl ”Ycutd Ynfv„ qulstecEm des cppecm et sdcunb `l scnvlb em tdl ”Ircftefm slmsl„, e.l. tc umetl emtc f stftl-nafn `cby: tdl Ircftefm `fmftl, Bfnkftef, Estref fmb @csmef&Dlrilacvemf. Rc kfolf umecm grck tdl gcrkfn-nlafn pcemt cg velw, sdcunb `l ifrrelb cut wetdcut fgglitematdl lxestema bufnest systlk. Em rlfnety, tdcuad, et wcunb `l f rlfrfmaema tdl stftl cmtdl tdrllgcnb `fses, ùt em f icvlrlb gcrk (”f icvlrlb trefnesk„).

Rdl Dumafrefm pcneteiefms— rlgusfn tc scnvl tdl ”Ycutd Ynfv qulstecm„ cut cgrunema bufnest systlk omcwm grfkl, mfklny tdler emtlmtecm, @csmef& Dlrilacvemfs f ”icrpus slpfrftuk„ tc fttfid tc tdl Dumafrefm pfrt cg tdl Kcmfridy cmny bllp-lmlb tdl fnrlby lxestema bllp ireses em tdl lmterl stftl.

@lema fwfrl cg tdl gfit tdft tdl Kcmfridy wenn `l besfpplfrema, wetd mc rlturm,grck tdl Kebbnl Lurcplfm kfp, Xenfr `lifkl kcrl rfbeifn em des velw cg tdl Kcm-fridy—s rlfrfmalklmt, prcpcsema em tdl nfst bfys cg tdl Qfr, tdl Bfmu`l Kcmfridytc `lickl - f glblrftecm. Cml cg tdl klk`lrs cg tdl mlwny irlftlb glblrftecm wcunb `l tdl Ycutd Ynfv stftl-nlafn umet, icmsestema cg tdl `fmftl Ircftef, Bfnkftef, Estref,@csmef&Dlrzlacvemf, ùt fnn tdl Yncvlml icumtrels (Orfmj, Ytlylr, Icrrymtdef fmbAcrezzf).

Rdl blglft cg tdl Fustrc-Dumafrefm Kcmfridy em tdl Qfr fmb tdl besfpplfrfmilgrck tdl wcrnb pcneteifn silml tdl Xenfr―s icmilptecms cg tdl stftl-nlafn rlfrfmalklmt `lickl mcmlsslmtefn. Fs f kfttlr cg gfit fnn tdl Ycutd Ynfv icumtrels cg tdl Kcmfr-idy, wetd glw lxilptecms, ifkl tc tdl mlwny lstf`nesdlb Oembck cg Ylr`s, Ircftsfmb Yncvlmls.


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Prilozi Instituta za istoriju u Sarajevu [dodina 31 djelimična, 2002.]