Presented By: Great Lakes Region FAASTeam Date: September 14, 2015 Federal Aviation Administration FAASTeamFAASTeam

Presented By: Great Lakes Region FAASTeam

Date: April 21, 2023

Federal AviationAdministration

FAASTeamFAASTeamFAASTeamFAASTeam

2012 Safety Stand Down – Don’t Be Surprised…Be Prepared2Federal Aviation

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• What else could have the airman done to increase their chances for a safe return?

• Airspeed – more is not always the best• Move ballast further aft - In some instances,

airman have moved passengers

further aft to assist in the nose heavy situation.

Example: Nose gear fail scenario


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• Aircraft Maintenance History– Check with Maintenance facility or owner– Check with other pilots who have flown– If no records, treat as if first time– Preflight as if for night flight

• CRM – Crew Resource Management– Working with what you’ve got– Working with who is available

• ATC

• Passengers

• Another Pilot

Before and During Flight Thoughts:_________


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• Upset or Scenario based training– Understand and practice

• No flap or partial flap landings• Slips and or Skids • Minimum Control Airspeeds and maneuvers• Trim Runaway • Stuck Ailerons or Elevator• Power configuration scenarios – partial or full power

– Understand and utilize all control surfaces including:• Doors and windows• Spoilers and flaps• Landing Gear• Carburetor Heat and Magnetos

Practice, Practice, Practice:_____________


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• The three P’s – PerceivePerceive – What is your situation and how does this

effect me and the aircraft, how serious is this event– ProcessProcess – Work the issue, evaluate.– PerformPerform – Make a decision weather to proceed,

Land as soon as practical or as soon as possible.

You must always do one thing first…


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Advanced Preflight Program– Basic rules to live by;

• Get to know your mechanic;– Safe practices, thorough, conscious, responsible

• Areas in particular;– Items not always covered in an AD or Service Bulletin

• Never assume the aircraft is ready to go;– Re-inspect oil filler caps

– Re-inspect fuel caps secure

– Re-inspect doors are secure if

assisted in loading


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This inspection is likely your last chance to determine the safe

operational condition before flight.


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After the Records Review:________

• Advanced Preflight Program – Basic rules to live by;

• Look – does the item being inspected look right or move in the correct direction?;

• Listen – does the item make noise, is that normal?

• Feel – is the control moving smoothly, sticky, or jerky?

“With control surfaces, you’ll want to apply movement with pressure against hinge points while looking for cracks, feeling for looseness or binding,

and listening for any abnormal sounds”.


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Manufacturers Checklist is only the beginning:– Checklists do not cover every item necessary for a

thorough preflight:• Fuel tank repair – ensure fuel is no longer leaking

– Fuel cap seals

• Buckling or cracked paint – may reveal a failing part• Wheel brakes – sufficient pad remaining?• Tire pressure – Proper inflation? • Aircraft skin damage due to collision (air/ground)• De-Ice/Anti-Ice Equipment Condition• Survival Equipment• Go Kit? (Spare bulbs, Igniters, Tire, Oil, etc.)


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About Tires:____________________

Mounted Tube-Type Tires

A tube-type tire that has been freshly mounted and installed should be closely monitored during the first

week of operation, ideally before every takeoff. Air trapped between the tire and the tube at the time of

mounting will seep out under the beads, through sidewall vents or around the valve stem, resulting in an underinflated assembly.


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Mounted Tubeless TiresA slight amount of gas diffusion through the liner material and casing of tubeless tires is normal. Thesidewalls are purposely vented in the lower sidewall area to bleed off trapped gases, preventing separationor blisters. A tire/wheel assembly can lose as much as five percent (5%) of the inflation pressure in a24-hour period and still be considered normal. If a soap solution is used to check leaks, it is normal forsmall amounts of bubbles to be observed coming from the vent holes.


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Acceptable?...or…Not Acceptable?


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For information on tire care:______

http://www.goodyearaviation.com/resources/pdf/aircraftmanual.pdf


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Inspection & Maintenance Guidelines for Flush-Mounted Fuel Caps.

• Background: The Canadian Transportation Safety Board (TSB) Aviation Safety Information Letter A08W0197-D1-L1, identifies a lack of specific original equipment manufacturer (OEM) inspection and maintenance guidelines for flush-mounted fuel caps.

• Fuel caps from an accident aircraft were tested to simulate the fuel pressure within an aircraft fuel tank. No leakage is considered permissible. The fuel caps leaked by the axle and handle assembly with a minimum pressure of 0.5 psi. Following disassembly and inspection, O-rings on the axle shaft were found cracked and broken. The corrosion on the axle shafts indicated long-term exposure to moisture. (see attached photo).


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FAA Advisory Circular AC 20-125 (AC) is a good source of information regarding water contamination in aviation gasoline and jet fuel. The AC references 114 aircraft accidents due to the infiltration of water in the fuel supply. The probable cause in 85 of those accidents was due to inadequate preflight checks.


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Think Twice about Circuit Breakers:_


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On a flight in the accident airplane, the day before an accident, a pilot had a weather radar failure and

a burning smell in the airplane. In response, the pilot turned off the weather radar and manually

pulled the related circuit breaker. The burning smell went away according to the pilot’s entry in the

airplane’s maintenance discrepancy binder. The pilot continued the flight with the circuit breaker

pulled for another hour.

Why we do what is necessary:____


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Why we do what is necessary:____

The next day it is likely the pilots reset the weather radar C/B, restoring power to the weather radarsystem wiring. This is consistent with routine or the “Before Starting Engines” checklist. Then 10minutes after takeoff, they announced a problem and crashed about two minutes later. The NationalTransportation Safety Board (NTSB) determined that the most likely failure was from the weatherradar and its associated wiring, which would be possible only if that crew reset the weather radarcircuit breaker.


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We recommend that all airplane owners and operators do the following:

• 1. Mark those essential for safety in flight.


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• 2. “Essential” C/Bs should be reset in flight only once if:

a. after at least one minute; and

b. there is no remaining smoke or “burning smell”; and

c. the affected system and equipment is needed for the operational environment.

• 3. Do not reset any non-essential C/Bs in flight.



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• 4. Revise the preflight checklist to delete “Circuit breakers-In” if applicable and insert: “Check circuit breakers and if a circuit breaker is not set, do not reset the circuit breaker if there is a related maintenance malfunction.”


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Remember:___________________

• There is more than one type of circuit breaker, some even look like switches.

• Circuit Breaker (CB’s)

• CB Switches


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Loss of Control Video_____________


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•www.faa.gov

•www.faasafety.gov/standdown

•http://1.usa.gov/faasteam

•www.safepilot.org

•www.richstowell.com

•www.masterinstructor.org


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Safety Program Managers for North Dakota:

Jay M FlowersFAASTeam Program Manager

Operations, North [email protected]

Fargo FSDO (701) 492-5809

Gary KwasniewskiFAASTeam Program Manager

Airworthiness, North Dakota and South [email protected]

Fargo FSDO

(701) 492-5819


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The Great Lakes Region FAA Safety Team (FAASTeam) values your input.

We would appreciate your feedback using the following link:

http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/stakeholder_feedback/

afs/field/


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FLIGHT STANDARDS DISTRICT OFFICE, FARGO ND

4620 Amber Valley Parkway

Fargo, ND 58104


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Recognizes outstanding individuals in their field roles of promoting aviation safety, education and professionalism


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Winners will be recognized:

Locally Regionally

Nationally.

National winners will be recognized during:

EAA AirVenture in OshkoshWinners will receive gifts and merchandise

provided by sponsors and contributors.


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Contact your local FAASTeam Program Manageror Flight Standards District Office

for further information.

Jay M. Flower FAASTeam, OPS 701-492-5809

Or Garry Kwasniewski FAASTeam, AWS

701-492-5819Or

FLIGHT STANDARDS DISTRICT OFFICEFargo, North Dakota / 4620 Amber Valley Parkway

Fargo, ND 581041

701-492-5800


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This Years Sponsors:__________

• Aircraft Electronics Association• Aviation Maintenance Technician Society• Aircraft Owners and Pilot’s Association• Aeronautical Repair Station Association• Experimental Aircraft Association• Federal Aviation Administration• General Aviation Manufacturers Association• National Business Aviation Association• National Association of State Aviation Officials• Society of Aviation & Flight Educators• Professional Aviation Maintenance Association• Women in Aviation International


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Applications are available at:____

www.generalaviationawards.org

- and -

www.faasafety.gov

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Presented By: Great Lakes Region FAASTeam Date: September 14, 2015 Federal Aviation Administration FAASTeamFAASTeam