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FOOD BORNE ILLNESSES:CAMPYLOBACTOR INFECTION
Presented by: Ann Mugo
Walden University,PUBH-8165 ,Environmental Health
Instructor: Raymond Thron.Date: January 31st 2010
Introduction:
Food-borne illnesses are caused by the consumption of foods or drinks that are contaminated with disease causing bacteria. The most commonly recognized food-borne infections are those caused by the Campylobacter , Salmonella and Escherichia coli bacteria.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,(2005).Food-borne Illnesses. Retrieved January 23 rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/foodborneinfections_g.htm#mostcommon
Campylobacter Campylobacter is a bacteria that causes diarrhea related illness in humans. Commonly affects babies under one year old, teens, and young adultsThe bacteria may be present in our body without causing noticeable symptoms or illness.
Food safety and Inspection service. Foodborne Illness and Disease,(2006). Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.fsis.usda.gov/factsheets/Campylobacter_Questions_and_Answers/index.asp
Kidshealth(2010).Infections :Campylobacter Infections. Retrieved on January 23rd 2010 from http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/campylobacter.html
World Health Organization(2010).Campylobacter .Retrieved on January 23rd 2010 from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs255/en/
Campylobacter
Image retrieved from http://www.ars.usda.gov
Image retrieved from cdc.gov
Sources and Transmission of Campylobacter Infections
Campylobacter bacteria is commonly found in the intestines of wild and domestic animals .
People become infected through:Consumption of raw or undercooked meat from infected animals, drinking unpasteurized milk , drinking contaminated water ,consumption of dairy products made from unpasteurized milk such as cheesedirect contact with infected pets especially kittens and puppies.Domestic animals and birds.Direct contact an infected person
KidsHealth,(2010).Infections: Campylobacter Infections . Retrieved January 23rd2010 from http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/campylobacter.htmlVermont Department of Health(2005).Campylobacter .Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://healthvermont.gov/prevent/campylobacter/Campylobacter.aspx
Illustrations on how Campylobacter infection can be transmitted
What are the symptoms of Campylobacter infection:
watery or sticky diarrhea which may contain blood,fever , abdominal pain, tiredness , nausea , vomiting ,headaches ,muscle pain.
Altekruse , S, Stern ,N.J., Fields,P.I., & Swerdlow,D.L.,(2005). Campylobacter jejuni—An Emerging Foodborne Pathogen. Retrieved on January 23 rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no1/altekruse.htm
Centers for Disease Prevention and Control,(2008).Campylobacter. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/dfbmd/disease_listing/campylobacter_gi.html
Complications resulting from Campylobacter infection:
A campylobacter infection relapse may occur,reactive arthritis , hemolytic uremic syndrome, meningitis ,recurrent colitis , cholecystitis, urinary tract infections, Guillain-Barre syndrome,Death.
Food and Drug Administration,(2009).Bad Bug Book: Campylobacter Jejuni. Retrieved January 23rd 2009 from http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/FoodborneIllness/FoodborneIllnessFoodbornePathogensNaturalToxins/BadBugBook/ucm070024.htm
TreatmentMost campylobacter infected people recover without any specific treatment.Seek medical treatment if diarrhea persists or is bloody Diarrhea can cause dehydration. Drink more fluidsIn severe cases, antibiotics may be prescribed by healthcare providers.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,(2005).Food-borne Illnesses. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/foodborneinfections_g.htm#mostcommon
Treatment in illustration
Prevention:Campylobacter can be prevented by reducing the risks from an individual level.Hand washing is basic yet important .Meat should be thoroughly cooked.Avoid consumption of raw milk Avoid drinking contaminated waterPrevent cross-contamination in the kitchen
Altekruse , S, Stern ,N.J., Fields,P.I., & Swerdlow,D.L.,(2005). Campylobacter jejuni—An Emerging Foodborne Pathogen. Retrieved on January 23rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no1/altekruse.htm Centers for Disease Prevention and Control,(2008).Campylobacter. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/dfbmd/disease_listing/campylobacter_gi.htmlFood and Drug Administration(2009). Bad Bug Book - Campylobacter jejuni. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/FoodborneIllness/FoodborneIllnessFoodbornePathogensNaturalToxins/BadBugBook/ucm070024.htm
Prevention cont…..
Fruits and vegetables should be thoroughly washed if to be eaten raw . Peel them if possible.Frozen food should never be thawed at room temperature. Anyone infected with campylobacter should not work as a food handler until the infection is clear to avoid infecting others.
Professional or Domestic Food Handlers:Prevention should occur at all levels of the food chain.Hygienic conditions during the slaughtering process,Bactericidal treatment,Responsible Food handlers
Perko-Mäkelä,P .,Isohanni,P., Katzav,M.,Lund, M., Hänninen,M., & Lyhs,U.,(2009).A longitudinal study of Campylobacter distribution in a turkey production chain. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 51:18 doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-51-18
Measures in the United States to Protect the Public:
Good sanitary practices on farms.Drinking water standards.Federal Meat Inspection Act (FMIA). the Poultry Products Inspection Act (PPIA). Egg Products Inspection Act (EPIA).
Food Safety and Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture,(n.d).Improving Recalls At The Food Safety And Inspection Service http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/rdad/FRPubs/02-045N/Recall_Rpt.pdf
Environmental Protection Agency,(2009). Public Drinking Water Systems Programs .Retrieved January 23rd 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/safewater/pws/index.html
Sharing the responsibility:
What are Public Health Agencies doing to prevent and control Campylobacter ?
FoodNetThe United States Department of Agriculture The FDA’s Food Code for Restaurants ModelWorld Health
Centers for Disease Prevention and Control,(2008).Campylobacter. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/dfbmd/disease_listing/campylobacter_gi.html
Food and Drug Administration(2009). Bad Bug Book - Campylobacter jejuni. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/FoodborneIllness/FoodborneIllnessFoodbornePathogensNaturalToxins/BadBugBook/ucm070024.htm
World Health Organization(2010).Campylobacter .Retrieved on January 23rd 2010 from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs255/en/
ConclusionFood borne illnesses continue to occur in the world.
Community education results to population empowerment
It is everyone’s responsibility to prevent and control campylobacter and other food borne illnesses.
Centers for Disease Prevention and Control,(2008).Campylobacter. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/dfbmd/disease_listing/campylobacter_gi.html
ResourcesFor more information on Campylobacter infection , visit the following websites:
www.who.inthttp://www.cdc.gov/http://www.fda.gov/
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/
QUESTIONS? Feel free to ask a question(s) or add a
comment on your thoughts on Campylobacter infection
Thank-you.
REFERENCES: Altekruse , S, Stern ,N.J., Fields,P.I., & Swerdlow,D.L.,(2005). Campylobacter jejuni—An Emerging Foodborne Pathogen. Retrieved on January 23rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no1/altekruse.htm
Centers for Disease Prevention and Control,(2008).Campylobacter. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/dfbmd/disease_listing/campylobacter_gi.html
Food and Drug Administration(2009). Bad Bug Book - Campylobacter jejuni. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from
http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/FoodborneIllness/FoodborneIllnessFoodbornePathogensNatur alToxins/BadBugBook/ucm070024.htm
Food safety and Inspection service. Foodborne Illness and Disease,(2006). Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.fsis.usda.gov/factsheets/Campylobacter_Questions_and_Answers/index.asp
Environmental Protection Agency(2009). Public Drinking Water Systems Programs. Retrieved January 23rd 2010 from http://www.epa.gov/safewater/pws/index.html
REFERENCES: Kidshealth(2010).Infections :Campylobacter Infections. Retrieved on January 23rd 2010 from http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/campylobacter.html
Moeller, D.W. (2005). Environmental health (3rd ed.). Boston: Harvard University Press
National Library of Medicine and the National Institute of Health(2010).Campylobacter enteritis. Retrieved on January 23rd 2010 from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000224.htm
Perko-Mäkelä,P .,Isohanni,P., Katzav,M.,Lund, M., Hänninen,M., & Lyhs,U.,(2009).A longitudinal study of Campylobacter distribution in a turkey production chain. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 51:18 doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-51-18
World Health Organization(2010).Campylobacter .Retrieved on January 23rd
2010 from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs255/en/
Vermont Department of Health(2005).Campylobacter .Retrieved on January 23rd 2010 , from http://healthvermont.gov/prevent/campylobacter/Campylobacter.aspx
