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PRESENTATION ON PRESENTATION ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT: DISASTER MANAGEMENT:
BY BY
BRIG (Dr) B.K. KHANNA, BRIG (Dr) B.K. KHANNA, SENIOR SPECIALIST (LCD) SENIOR SPECIALIST (LCD)
NATIONAL DISASTER NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITYMANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
PREVIEW
1. Disturbing Trends of Disasters and their Impact on India.
2. Factors Responsible for Increasing Number of Disasters.
3. Lessons Learnt from Recent Disasters.
4. Disaster Management Cycle.
5. Hazard Vulnerability of India.
6. Disaster Management Act, 2005.
7. Charter and Vision of NDMA.
8. Organisation of NDMA.
9. National Disaster Response Force.
10. Role of Armed Forces in Disaster Management.
11. Conclusion.
DISTURBING TRENDS OF DISASTERS
AND
THEIR IMPACT ON INDIA
INDIA
ALASKA
USACHINA
AREA-WISE EVENTS (1975-2001)
DISTRIBUTION OF NATURAL DISASTERS
INDONESIA
JAPAN
DISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED BY DISASTER (1975-2001)
INDIA
ALASKA
USACHINA
INDONESIA
JAPAN
IMPACT OF MITIGATION & PREPAREDNESS MEASURES
GLOBAL ECONOMIC LOSSES DUE TO DISASTERSGLOBAL ECONOMIC LOSSES DUE TO DISASTERS
1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s 1990’s
Note : 1. UN Declared the decade of 1990-1999 as International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction.
2. Losses 1995-1999 - Developed World – 2.5% of GDP. - Developing World – 13.4% of GDP.
*Source www.em-dat.net
Losses Losses in US $ in US $ BillionBillion
PERIODPERIOD
LOSSES DUE TO MAJOR EARTHQUAKESLOSSES DUE TO MAJOR EARTHQUAKES (>6 ON RICHTER SCALE) IN JAPAN & USA (>6 ON RICHTER SCALE) IN JAPAN & USA
(2003 - 2005)(2003 - 2005)
No of No of EarthquakesEarthquakes
KilledKilled InjuredInjured HousesHouses
DestroyedDestroyed DamagedDamaged
JAPANJAPAN
TenTen 3434 10481048 > 496> 496 >3553>3553
USAUSA
SevenSeven 0202 5959 >55>55 >235>235
MAJOR DISASTERS IN INDIA : 1990 - 2005MAJOR DISASTERS IN INDIA : 1990 - 2005YEAR PLACES & DISASTER LOSS OF LIVES
(APPROX)LOSS OF PROPERTY
( Rs Crore) (APPROX)
1991 Uttarkashi
Earthquake 2000 2000
1993 Latur Earthquake 9500 6000
1997 Jabalpur Earthquake 200 5000
1999 Chamoli Earthquake 2000 2000
1999 Orissa S Cyclone 9887 10000
2001 Bhuj Earthquake 14000 13400
2004 SE India Tsunami 15000 10000
2004 Assam & Bihar Floods 700 5000
2005 J&K Avalanche 350 100
2005 Mah, Guj, HP,
Karnataka, T’Nadu
Floods 1569 10300
2005 J&K Earthquakes 1336 1000
Total Losses of Major Disasters only 56542 64800
1. If Average Annual Lives Lost are Added, Figure Will go to More than2. Adding Average Annual Losses, the Figure Will be More than
INDIAINDIA ECONOMIC LOSSES DUE TO DISASTERSECONOMIC LOSSES DUE TO DISASTERS
PERIOD
Annual- Impact on People 1. Losses in lives - 4334.2. People affected - 30 Million.3. Houses lost - 2.34 Million.
36
54
86
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
91 - 95 96 - 00 '01 - 05
50 % 139 %
Losses in Losses in ThousanThousand Crores d Crores
Annual- Financial Losses Percentage of Central Revenue (for relief) – 12%.
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING NUMBER OF INCREASING NUMBER OF DISASTERSDISASTERS
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING NUMBER OF INCREASING NUMBER OF DISASTERSDISASTERS
Population Growth and Urban Development
Development Practices
Climatic changes
Effect of Environmental degradation
Population Growth and Urban Development
Development Practices
Climatic changes
Effect of Environmental degradation
POLAR ICE CAPS ARE MELTING FASTER THAN EVER…
MORE AND MORE LAND IS BEING DEVASTATED BY DROUGHT…
RISING WATERS ARE DROWNING LOW-LYING COMMUNITIES…
VICIOUS CYCLE
GLOBAL WARMING
INUNDATING LOW COASTAL AREAS
BURNING FOSSIL FUELS
AND BURNING FORESTS RELEASE
CARBON
REDUCES OXYGEN AND INCREASES
DROUGHT
MELTING POLAR ICE RAISES SEA
LEVELS
NOW IT IS VERY MUCH EVIDENT THAT CLIMATE DISRUPTIONS FEED OFF ONE ANOTHER IN
ACCELERATING SPIRALS OF DESTRUCTION.
LESSONS LEARNT FROM THE RECENT
DISASTERS
DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITYDIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITY “ “The country’s Emergency Operations awesome in their potential, are also The country’s Emergency Operations awesome in their potential, are also
frighteningly inter dependent. Locals are in charge till they get frighteningly inter dependent. Locals are in charge till they get overwhelmed. Then they cede control to Feds but not entirely. The Scarier overwhelmed. Then they cede control to Feds but not entirely. The Scarier things get, the fuzzier the lines of Authority become-------Uncertainty things get, the fuzzier the lines of Authority become-------Uncertainty develops at crucial moments-------Leaders are afraid to actually Lead.---”develops at crucial moments-------Leaders are afraid to actually Lead.---”
TIME, 19 September 2005TIME, 19 September 2005
Hurricane Impact(Law & Order)Loss of Property and Lives
State
Overwhelmed
Federal
CHAOS
48 72 24 96
Early warning
PreparednessFed + State Response (Fed + State )
Response
IN HURRICANE RITA THE FEDERAL GOVT GOT INVOLVED FROM THE WARNING STAGE.
HURRICANE KATRINA (US)
BANGLADESH - A SUCCESS STORY BANGLADESH - A SUCCESS STORY IN PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSEIN PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE
Losses of
Lives
Remarks1. Losses of lives shown for Cyclones with equal Intensity.2. Success as a result of well defined Responsibilities and Coordinated & Efficient Response
Mechanism.
CYCLONES – AREA – COX BAZAAR
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
450000
500000
138,000
127111
500,000
1970 1991 1994 1997
Even when Population had doubled
Existed on Paper But,Enforcement Lacking.Most Crucial Responder -NOT Formally Part of Response Plan.Technological Shortfall -Many Lives Could have Been Saved.
1.1. Mitigation Systems Require Manifold Improvement & should Mitigation Systems Require Manifold Improvement & should be be “Technology Driven”.“Technology Driven”.
2.2. Weakness in Weakness in “Early Warning Systems”“Early Warning Systems” and Dissemination and Dissemination of Information to Far Flung Areas.of Information to Far Flung Areas.
3.3. Decision to Provide Aid :-Decision to Provide Aid :-(a) (a) SlowSlow because of because of ProceduresProcedures..(b) Request from States not backed by (b) Request from States not backed by Proper Proper
Assessment. Assessment. 4.4. States Organizations – Not Geared to States Organizations – Not Geared to Guide Guide & & ReceiveReceive Aid. Aid. 5.5. Disaster Response Resources at State Level – Disaster Response Resources at State Level –
Very InadequateVery Inadequate. .
NATURAL DISASTERS – LESSONS LEARNT
6.6. Non Availability of Specialist EquipmentNon Availability of Specialist Equipment,,(Incl Mobile Field Hospitals).(Incl Mobile Field Hospitals).
7.7. Assistance from NGOs Assistance from NGOs NOT Coordinated & OptimisedNOT Coordinated & Optimised. . 8.8. People - People - Principal ActorsPrincipal Actors -- Focused Public -- Focused Public Awareness Awareness
CampaignCampaign a Must. a Must.9.9. Post Disaster Relief & Reconstruction - Post Disaster Relief & Reconstruction - Lot of GAPS.Lot of GAPS.
10.10. Positive LessonPositive Lesson -- Role of the Armed Forces -- Role of the Armed Forces
NATURAL DISASTERS – LESSONS LEARNT
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLEDISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
Emergency Response
Post-disaster: recovery
Preparedness
Prevention/ Mitigation
Reconstruction
Rehabilitation
Response/ Relief
Pre-disaster: risk reduction
Disaster
Emergency Response
Post-disaster: recovery
Preparedness
Prevention/ Mitigation
Reconstruction
Rehabilitation
Response/ Relief
Pre-disaster: risk reduction
Disaster
DISASTER is an event which is –
-generally unpredictable,
-happens instantly or without giving enough time to react
-affecting a large number of people,
-disrupting normal life and leading to a large scale devastation in terms of loss of life and property
-always finding the administration and affected people struggling to respond in the desired manner and
-leaving deep socio-psychological, political and economic after effects which persist for a long time to come.
WHAT IS A DISASTER?
CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERSCLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS Natural, Man-made & Human-Natural, Man-made & Human-
inducedinduced
Disasters occur in varied formsDisasters occur in varied forms Some are predictable in advanceSome are predictable in advance Some are annual or seasonal Some are annual or seasonal Some are sudden and unpredictableSome are sudden and unpredictable
Factors leading to a DisasterFactors leading to a Disaster Meteorological, Geological, Ecological or Meteorological, Geological, Ecological or
Environmental, Technological Etc.Environmental, Technological Etc.
NATURAL DISASTERSNATURAL DISASTERS
FloodsFloods EarthquakesEarthquakes CyclonesCyclones DroughtsDroughts Landslides, Pest Attacks, Forest Landslides, Pest Attacks, Forest
Fires, Avalanches etcFires, Avalanches etc
TIME DURATION OF NATURAL TIME DURATION OF NATURAL DISASTERSDISASTERS
Earthquakes -> Earthquakes -> Seconds/minutesSeconds/minutes
Cyclones Cyclones -> Days-> Days
Floods Floods -> Days-> Days
Droughts Droughts -> Months-> Months
PreventionRescue
Structural Measures
Warning and Evacuation
Non-Structural Measures
Planning of Disaster
Response
Reconstruct. &
Recovery
Risk Analysis
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
MITIGATION RESPONSE
Risk Assessment
Preparedness
Hazard Assessment
Vulnerability Analysis Relief
Rehab
LONG TERM MEASURES
Being done efficiently
Needs better PlanningNo Substantial Work
done so far
Note
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CONTINUUM
HAZARD VULNERABILITY
OF INDIA
EARTHQUAKE HAZARD ZONES 2002EARTHQUAKE HAZARD ZONES 2002
Zone V Zone V MM IX or more MM IX or more “ “ IV IV MM VIII MM VIII“ “ III MM VIIIII MM VII
Zone II MM VIZone II MM VI“ “ I MM V or less I MM V or less together now make together now make Zone II MM VI or lessZone II MM VI or lessArea under the zones Area under the zones V V 12% 12% IV IV 18% 18% IIIIII ~27%~27%Total damageable Total damageable
~ 57%~ 57%
V
V
III
V
III
IV
V
IV
WIND & WIND &
CYCLONE CYCLONE
HAZARD HAZARD
ZONES IN ZONES IN
INDIAINDIA
FLOOD FLOOD
HAZARD HAZARD
PRONE PRONE
AREAS AREAS
OF OF
INDIAINDIA
LANDSLIDES LANDSLIDES
ZONATION ZONATION
MAP MAP
OF OF
INDIAINDIA
Severe Risk AreaSevere Risk Area
High Risk AreaHigh Risk Area
Moderate Risk AreaModerate Risk Area
Unlikely OccurrenceUnlikely Occurrence
*Types:*Types: Earthquake,Earthquake, Cyclone,Cyclone, Tsunami,Tsunami, Flood,Flood, Drought &Drought & Landslide.Landslide.
1
4
10
17
*Even though affected only by Drought but suffers heavy *Even though affected only by Drought but suffers heavy Financial Losses averaging Financial Losses averaging Rs. 3 to 8 Thousand Crores,Rs. 3 to 8 Thousand Crores, Annually.Annually.
3
“In order to Coordinate Central Govt efforts in Preparedness, Prevention, Response, Mitigation, Relief and Rehabilitation and for adoption of a Holistic Pro-active Approach to Disaster Management, a NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY has come into being by an Act of Parliament in December 2005 under the Chairmanship of Prime Minister as the NODAL AGENCY for Disaster Management in the Country.”
DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT, 2005
CABINET COMMITTEE ON MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL
CALAMITIES
HIGH LEVEL COMMITTEE
CABINET COMMITTEE ON SECURITY
NATIONAL CRISIS MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE
NDMA / NEC
PLANNING COMMISSION
OTHER MINISTRIES/ DEPARTMENTS
ARMED FORCES
MHA
NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
GOVT OF INDIA
NATIONAL DISASTER MITIGATION RESOURCE CENTRE
STATES/ UTs GOVTs
SDMAs
STATE DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE
MINISTRIES/ DEPARTMENTS
DEPARTMENT OF HOME
HOME GUARD
CIVIL DEFENCE
POLICE
DISTRICTS
DEPARTMENTS HOME GUARD CIVIL DEFENCE POLICE & FIRE SERVICESDDMAs
LOCAL BODIES/ AUTHORITIES COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY
FIRE SERVICES
CHARTER – NDMA
AND
VISION
1.1. The ‘National Authority’ shall have the responsibility for The ‘National Authority’ shall have the responsibility for laying down Policies, Plans and Guidelines for Disaster laying down Policies, Plans and Guidelines for Disaster Management for ensuring Timely and Effective Management for ensuring Timely and Effective Response to disasters (Both Natural & Man Made).Response to disasters (Both Natural & Man Made).
2. Coordinate the Enforcement and Implementation of the 2. Coordinate the Enforcement and Implementation of the Policy and Plans for Disaster Management.Policy and Plans for Disaster Management.
3. 3. International Assistance and Cooperation. International Assistance and Cooperation.
PlanPlan ApprovApprovee
CoordCoord MonitoMonitorr
Ensure Ensure ImplementatioImplementationn
CHARTER
“The National Vision is, to build a Safer and Disaster Resilient India, by developing a Holistic, Proactive,
Multi-hazard and Technology-Driven Strategy for DM. This will be achieved through a Culture of Prevention,
Mitigation and Preparedness to generate, a prompt and efficient Response at the time of Disasters. The entire process will Centre-Stage the Community and will be
provided Momentum and Sustenance through Collective efforts of all Government Agencies and Non-
Governmental Organisations.
VISION
NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITYCHAIRMAN
(PRIME MINISTER)
VICE CHAIRMAN
CABINET COMMITTEE
ON SECURITYCABINET COMMITTEE ON MANAGEMENT OF
NATURAL CALAMITIES
POLICIES, PREVENTION, MITIGATION & PREPAREDNESSMR. K.M. SINGH
MEMBER
Mr B BHATTACHARJEE
MEMBER
LT. GEN. JRB
MEMBER
MR. M.K.
MEMBER
MR. M. S. REDDY
MEMBER
MR. NVC MENON
MEMBER
SECRETARY NDMA
CAPACITY BUILDING, COMMUNICATIONS & NEOC WING DISASTER MANAGEMENT WING
NATIONAL DISASTER MITIGATION RESOURCE CENTRES
NATIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Mrs. P.J RAO
MEMBER
DISASTER MANAGEMENT WING
Financial Advisor
International Cooperation
Mitigation & Preparedness
Policies & Plans
Media & Public Preparedness
PlansPoliciesAccounts & Audits
FinanceProject
Formulation & Preparedness
Project Monitoring
Media & Information
Community Preparedness
CAPACITY BUILDING, COMMUNICATIONS & NEOC
NEOC & CAPACITY BUILDING COMMUNICATIONS,SYS & KM
Operations & Logistics Systems & KMCommunicationsCapacity Building
Control Room Logistics
Coordination
Strategic Planning & Policy
Scenario Building
Operational Commns
Logistics Network
IT & Systems
Knowledge Management
& IDRN Network
NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE
NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE• NDRF consists of 8 battalions, with 144 self sustaining teams for rendering
effective response to any threatening disaster situation or disaster.
• Four battalions are for natural disasters and four for NBC.
• NBC battalions will also be trained in combating natural disasters.
• The force will be equipped with State of the Art equipment and will be deployed in anticipatory manner to provide instantaneous response.
• It will work under NDMA and will be located at nine vulnerable locations.
• They will maintain close liaison with the State Governments and will be available to them automatically, thus, avoiding long procedural delays.
• Four Training Centres have been set up by PMF to train their respective NDRF Battalions.
• They will also meet the requirement of States/ UTs.
• NDRF Battalions will impart basic training to State Disaster Response Force in their respective locations.
NDRF BNS – REGIONAL MITIGATION RESOURCE CENTRES (RMRCS) & TRAINING CENTRES
NDRF BNs/ RMRCs
TRAINING CENTRES
APEX TRAINING CENTRE
LEGEND
CHANDIGARH
GR. NOIDA
½Bn
Each
GANDHINAGAR
PUNE
BHUBANESHWAR
KOLKATA
GUWAHATIPATNA (SSB) ½ Bn
NAGPUR
LATUR
CHENNAI
HYDERABAD
CONSTITUTION OF SPECIALISED SEARCH
AND RESCUE TEAM
Team Commander (Inspector)
Tech. Support
(6)
Adm. Support Team(7)
2 IC/ Ops Officer(Sub Inspector)
Team B(6)
Team C(6)
Team D(6)
Dog Squad(3)
Medical Support
Team(3)
Team A(6)
Total – 45 Personnel
CONSTITUTION OF SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAM FOR NBC EMERGENCIES
Team Commander (Inspector)
Information Officer
(Sub Inspector)
SafetyOfficer
(Sub Inspector)
Dy Team Leader
(Sub Inspector)
Tech. Support
(4)
Detection & Assessment
CumEvacuation
Team (6)
RescueAnd
EvacuationTeam (6)
Rescue and
Evacuation Team (6)
Deconta-mination
Team(6)
Medical Unit
(6)
Adm. Support Team (7)
Total – 45 Personnel
“For Development to be Sustainable,
Disaster Mitigation Must be Built Into
The Planning Process”
“EVERY DISASTER
MUST BE TREATED
AS
AN OPPORTUNITY
TO BUILD BACK BETTER”
DON’T PASS IT
ON
TAKE IT ONTAKE IT ONTAKE IT ON
HAZARDHAZARD
A dangerous condition or events that threaten or have the potential for A dangerous condition or events that threaten or have the potential for causing injury to life or damage to property or the environment. causing injury to life or damage to property or the environment. Hazards are basically grouped in two broad headings:Hazards are basically grouped in two broad headings:
• Natural HazardsNatural Hazards (hazards with meteorological, geological or (hazards with meteorological, geological or biological origin)biological origin)
• Unnatural HazardsUnnatural Hazards (hazards with human-caused or technological (hazards with human-caused or technological origin)origin)
Natural phenomena are extreme Natural phenomena are extreme climatologicalclimatological, , hydrologicalhydrological, or , or geologicalgeological, processes. A massive earthquake in an unpopulated area, is , processes. A massive earthquake in an unpopulated area, is a natural phenomenon, a natural phenomenon, not a hazard. not a hazard. But when these natural But when these natural phenomena interact with the man made habitat, they may cause wide phenomena interact with the man made habitat, they may cause wide spread damage. Then, they become hazardspread damage. Then, they become hazard
VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY
Vulnerability is defined as Vulnerability is defined as "The extent to which a "The extent to which a community, structure, service, or geographic area is community, structure, service, or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of particular hazard, on account of particular hazard, on account of their naturetheir nature, , constructionconstruction and and proximity to hazardous terrainproximity to hazardous terrain or a or a disaster prone areadisaster prone area.“.“
• Physical vulnerabilityPhysical vulnerability – weak buildings, bridges, service – weak buildings, bridges, service lines, lifeline structures, production units etc.lines, lifeline structures, production units etc.
• Social & Economic vulnerabilitySocial & Economic vulnerability
Human losses in disasters in developing countries are Human losses in disasters in developing countries are seen to be higher when compared to developed countries.seen to be higher when compared to developed countries.
RISKRISK
Risk is a measure of the expected losses (deaths, injuries, Risk is a measure of the expected losses (deaths, injuries, property, economic activity etc) due to a property, economic activity etc) due to a hazardhazard of a of a particular particular magnitude or Intensitymagnitude or Intensity occurring in a given area occurring in a given area over a specific time period.over a specific time period.
• Exposure:Exposure: the value and importance of the various types of the value and importance of the various types of structures and lifeline systems (such as water-supply, structures and lifeline systems (such as water-supply, communication network, transportation network etc in the communication network, transportation network etc in the community serving the population)community serving the population)
HAZARD –VULNERABILITY-
RISK – DISASTER
LESSONS LEARNT – HURRICANE KATRINA
“ And any time you break that cycle of Preparing, Responding, Recovering and Mitigating, you are doomed to failure. And the policies and decision that were implemented by DHS put FEMA on a path to failure.”
-Michael Brown,Director,FEMA
General
1. The Foremost Lesson - all Facets of Disaster Cycle should be under one Agency and not split among Multi-facet Authorities.
Mitigation & Preparedness
2. State’s Sovereignty be maintained in all Phases of Disaster Cycle.
3. Creating Culture of Preparedness at Community level.
4. Integrated Approach (of the Civil and Military efforts) for Preparedness. Coopt
Armed Forces in Disaster Response Plan.
5. Removal of Red Tapism and Bureaucratic Approach. US National Response Plan is elaborate but Failed to Deliver. Need to Rewrite Rationale Response Plan to include, conduct of mock drills periodically, state-of-the-art system in supply chain management of relief supplies and inventory tracking.
6. Training and Equipping of Central Response Force duly backed by trained teams from Armed Forces
7. Safe Houses . Identify shelters, for accommodating evacuees, both in Govt and Private Sector, during Emergencies.
8. Establishment of a Homeland Security University. On the lines of National Defence University, for General Awareness, Training and Research.
9. Use of Experts to find solutions to disaster related issues.
Communications
10. Failure within the DHS and in Communicating Relevant Information to Public, for Early Warning, resulting in all available Federal Assets not being utilised. Need to develop a more Comprehensive Emergency Communication System, to ensure Survivability, Operability, Inter-Operability and Redundancy.
Response
11. Disaster Response Group at Central level to resolve disagreements on Employment of Resources. This Group should also act as Single Window Assistance Access for public.12. Security of Assets by employing Local Law Enforcing Force for Law and Order.
13. Coordination, between:
(a) Search & Rescue and Medical Teams.
(b) State and Central Response Teams
(c) Local (Distt), State and Central Response Teams, to have inter-operable Communication Network.
(d) At State level, Volunteer Coordinators in` State Emergency Operation Centre, for coordinating Volunteer Efforts, like Debris Clearance, etc.
(e) Integrated Command at field level – local Response Units (NationalGuards) and Active Duty Forces (ex Armed Forces) to work in tandem.Mobile Command Field Centre near disaster site (not 80 km away
in Baton Rouge like during Katrina).14. Need for National Emergency Operation Centre at DHS. DHS to have a National Emergency Operations Centre, in addition to White House Situation Room, regardless of whether President & the Secretary DHS are in same place, to maintain flow of information from one agency.15. Integrated Response. Civil and military assets to be combined and employed as one resource and NOT in a graduated manner.
STRATEGIES FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
1. Change of Focus from Relief Centric to Holistic Approach.
2. Mainstreaming Disaster Management into all National Developmental Programmes.
3. Empowerment of the Community to face the Disaster.
4. Emphasis on Training, Development of Human Capital and Capacity Building.
5. Key Role of Educational and Professional Institutions for Mass Education and Awareness.
6. Upgradation of the Key Responders.
STRATEGIES FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
7. Supporting and Enabling Mechanisms for the Districts and States.
8. Failsafe Early Warning & Communication Systems.
9. Coordinated, Timely and Effective Response.
10. Involvement of NGOs & Corporate Sectors.
11. Time Bound Action Plan for Earthquakes, Floods & Cyclones.
12. Pro-active Participation at the Regional and International Level.
1.1. Concerned Member of Authority.Concerned Member of Authority.2.2. Concerned Ministry – Representative. Concerned Ministry – Representative. 3.3. Lead/Nodal Organisations/Departments - Lead/Nodal Organisations/Departments - Representatives.Representatives.4.4. Project Team Project Team ((When Study ordered on the When Study ordered on the SubjectSubject).).5.5. Advisors/Experts.Advisors/Experts.6.6. Leading National (Academic – IITs) Leading National (Academic – IITs) Institutions.Institutions.
Secretarial SupportSecretarial Support7.7. Additional Secretary.Additional Secretary.8.8. Joint Secretary Planning.Joint Secretary Planning.
9.9. DDG Strategic Planning.DDG Strategic Planning.
POLICY FORMULATION POLICY FORMULATION TEAM COMPOSTIONTEAM COMPOSTION