Presentation - IXP - A Context of Bangladesh

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Md. Shakilur Rahman North South University

Muhtashim Iqbal North South University

Dr. Nova Ahmed Assistant Professor

EECS DepartmentNorth South University



What is an IXP?

y An IXP is a network infrastructure that connects

local or regional ISPs internally, typically in a startopology



Current Internet Scenario

y At present, number of internet users is in excess of 1.5 million

y Number of registered ISPs in the country is around 350

y ISPs buy international bandwidth from International InternetGateways (IIG)

y Most of the popular sites even government pages are hostedabroad

y High BW rates, low grade service end users are not satisfiedand the ISPs do not care

y BDIX is there, which started operating in August 2004



Current Int

erne

t Sce

nario

y BDIX has 26 members whereas ISPAB has 74,

y BDIX only operates in case of mail servers and selected web

servers, hosted in BD

y The ccTLD .bd does not necessarily signify a local hosting

y A call for National Internet Exchange (NIX) was circulatedin late 2008, but nobody applied for a license.



The Problems at Hand

y Constraints on internet growth

y Lack of local hosting and contents

y Lack of a nationwide strong backbone network



Const

raints on int

erne

t growth

y International bandwidth is expensive

y Most traffic is outbound, using the international

bandwidth

y 1 Mbps costs around BDT 13,500 from IIGs

y High BW charges are born mainly by the end users in

exchange for an unsatisfactory service

y Latency is very high, resulting into horrible user experience



Lack of Local Hosting

y Most of the popular local sites are hosted abroad

y The amount of local hosting and content services is very insignificant

y The internet revenues are mostly earned by foreigncompanies



Lack of Strong Backbone Network

y Security of data is fragile

y Frequent network downtimes

y Very unreliable network

y Insufficient infrastructure to attract investors

y In essence, technological advancement is restrained



Data analysis

The whole Data Analysis process was divided into 3 parts:

y Tracing: To determine the average Response & Round Trip

Times (RTT) for sites hosted both locally and offshore.

y MR TG: Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG) to analysethe ever growing Bandwidth consumption trend

y Cost Benef it A naly sis: To calculate the total cost for bothtransit and peering using appropriate formulas



Tracing

y As shown in the demo, we used a freeware NeoTrace Pro forthe purpose of tracing

y This software is capable of identifying all the nodes aquery/request goes through and shows individual responsetimes along with the identity of the nodes



Tracing

Site Through IX Hosted in Total Nodes Avg. RT Total RT

www.dsebd.org Yes BD 10 69.4 ms 501 ms

www.dsebd.org No BD 10 180.2 ms 1216 ms

Side by side tracing comparison for www.dsebd.org using Qubee WiMax & BTCLBroadband internet connection:

W iMax BTCL Broadband



Tracing

Fig: Avg. Response Time (RT) per node in ms for sites according to their

hosting location

( m s )



The Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG)

y The Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG) is a tool used for monitoring thetraffic load on networks

y Bangladesh Internet Exchange (BDIX) currently uses The Multi Router TrafficGrapher (MRTG) to monitor its traffic through the individual switches

Max Average

Current

In 73.1 Mb/s (73.1%) 44.4 Mb/s (44.4%) 44.4 Mb/s (44.4%)Out 63.1 Mb/s (63.1%) 37.0 Mb/s (37.0%) 30.5 Mb/s (30.5%)




Fig : Daily Bandwidth of BDCOM Ltd. as of May, 2005

Fig : Daily Bandwidth of BDCOM Ltd. as of July ,2011




Fig : Total Bandwidth of Bangladesh Internet Exchange in July, 2011

Fig : Total Bandwidth of Bangladesh Internet Exchange in May, 2005




y Graphical Representation of the growing trend of local bandwidth overthe last few years:

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

A v e r a g e L o

c a l B a n d w i d t h

i n M b p s

BDIX

BDCOM Ltd.



Cost Benefit Analysis

y Determining the cost of transit and peering:

y Transitper Mb/s = cost of transit per Mb/s + (cost of circuit to connectto transit provider) + (cost of interface card required to plug in thatcircuit / months of amortization)

y Peering per Mb/s = (Cost of peering port + cost of circuit to get toexchange point + (cost of equipment / months of amortization) + cost

of labour at exchange point)



Cost Benefit Analysis

y Cisco Ethernet Switch with 16 ports costs: BDT 25,000 (one time)

y Circuit to get to exchange point or transit: BDT 40,000 (one time)

y Transit per Mb/s = 12,000 + (40,000+25,000)/36 = BDT 13805

y Monthly Transit cost = (13805 x 44.4) + %15 VAT = BDT 6,98,533

y Peering per Mb/s = (25,000 + 40,000)/36 = BDT 2805

y Monthly Peering cost = 2805x 44.4 = BDT 1,24,566

y Total Monthly Saving = 6,98,533- 1,24,566 1 = BDT 5,47,128

Max Average Current

In 73.1 Mb/s (73.1%) 44.4 Mb/s (44.4%) 44.4 Mb/s (44.4%)

Out 63.1 Mb/s (63.1%) 37.0 Mb/s (37.0%) 30.5 Mb/s (30.5%)



Inter

ne

t Exchang

ePoint (IXP) as a Sol

ution

Some key advantages that IXP provides:

y Peering among the ISPs

y A strong Backbone network

y Numerous VAS potential



Peer

ingy When ISPs can share their traffic through an IXP without

paying money for the transit, it is called peering

y Local traffic stays local

y International BW cost comes down



An Integrated Backbone Network through an IXP

y Central interconnection strong network for ISPs

y Data monitoring and implementation of security measures

y New horizon for hosting and content based services



Possible VAS with an IXP in the Middle

y Web hosting, FTP Mirrors, AS112, NTP etc.

y Even with IIG or submarine cable troubles, the nationalnetwork would still be up and running

y Appropriate materials - increasing the penetration ratesand teledensity

y Web hosting and server management services, ERP etc.



Possible VAS with an IXP in the Middle

y E-commerce

y E-governance

y An evolved multi-purpose network



What can be

done

?y The present establishment of BDIX can be utilized to make

a fully functional IXP

y All ISPs can be mandated by BTRC to connect to the IXP by any possible mean

y With proper initiative from the government the IXP canserve as the centre of a strong & sustainable data network

and intranet

y This network can be further strengthened to integrateE-governance and other facilities



Technical Solutionsy A single router is not capable of all local routings

y Also a looking glass is necessary to monitor the IXP traffic

y A ccTLD server is needed to handle the .bd domain

y Route server and root server necessary for both local andinternational routing (a F: root server is already implemented in BDIX)

y A layer-2 switch will be connecting all the ISPs together

yThere will be at least one router, connecting to theinternational internet gateways (IIGs)



ISP 1

IIG 2

ISP NISP 2

IIG 1

To end user sTo end user sTo end user s

Mango Teleservices

BTCL

BDIX

Present Network Design



Recommended Network Design

ISP 1

IXP

IIG 2

ISP NISP 2

IIG 1

To end user sTo end user sTo end user s



Looking Glass

ccTLD Server

Route server

Root Server

NTP server

IIGs

Layer 2 Switch

Administrator ISP 1

ISP 2

ISP 3

ISP 4

ISP N

Block Diagram of the Recommended Network



Network Design



Block Diagram of the Recommended Network



Recommendationsy Points of Presence (PoPs) around the country

y E-governance

y Administrative paperwork can be converted into digital ones

y Judiciary records and paperwork

y The administrative offices can be connected through the IXP

y E-commerce

y Thana/Upazilla level offices can be connected



Rollout plan for the Nationwide Network



Rollout plan for the Nationwide Network



Conclusiony The establishment of an IXP is of utmost

importance for the foreseeable future

y The growth of the internet industry can bedrastically improved with a functional IXP

y Not just for the internet industry, but for theoverall betterment of the internal network

sustainability



The End

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Presentation - IXP - A Context of Bangladesh