POWER QUALITY MONITORING AND FAULT DETECTION

SYSTEM FOR SMART GRID USING LABVIEW

.

C.Indhumathi1, R.Kousalya

2, M.Ramya

3

U.G Student, Dept. Of. EEE, Mahendra Engineering College, Namakkal.

Dr.S.Umamaheshwari4, HOD/Dept.Of. EEE, Mahendra Engineering College, Namakkal.

B.S.Rajan5, Assistant Professor Department of EEE, Mahendra Engineering College, Namakkal

ABSTRACT

Design and implementation of Smart Grid with

power quality measurement and monitoring using

LabVIEW is designed. Various renewable sources

like thermal, solar and wind are integrated in this

Smart Grid. The extent of variation of the voltage,

current and frequency on the smart grid is monitored

here in this work. Power quality is ideally creates a

perfect power supply that is always available, has a

pure noise free sinusoidal waveform and always

within voltage and frequency tolerances. The best

way to detect and diagnose the problems in

electrical power system is called Power quality

monitoring. Fault of the system is controlled and

managed automatically using Lab VIEW platform.

Keywords— Smart Grid, Renewable Sources,

Lab VIEW , Arduino, RS232, Relay.

I.INTRODUCTION

Power Quality(PQ) in Smart Grids is a major issue

since the proliferation of smaller or larger renewable

energy generators in classic power distribution

networks. The main motto is to know the behavior of

electric parameters and to be able to monitor the

influence of power exchanges over the network[1].

Power quality is generally defined as the grid's

ability to supply a clean and stable power supply.

Any deviation from normal voltage source can be

classified as a power quality issue. On Smart Grid,

Monitoring Parameters are Voltage, Current,

Frequency, and Load etc[2]. Fault and power quality

of the system is controlled using LabVIEW and by

providing the automatic load management system,

the system is managed automatically to improve the

system efficiency [3]. The sensitivity of today’s

electronic equipment makes it susceptible to power

disturbances. For some devices, a momentary

disturbance can cause interrupted communications,

system crashes and equipment failure[4]. LabVIEW

continuously acquires the data of various parameters

used in smart grid. By this method, system efficiency

is increased by 5.3% [5] ie. higher than the existing

one which is of 72% which is due to the usage of

energy storage devices and automatic load

management system.

II.HARDWARE SYSTEM

A.ATMEL 328

In existing system SEMCE DAQ is used, which

aquires 8 channel only whereas here in this work

RS232 interface is used to acquire signals from 32

channels. In this system, the atmel 328 is used to

aquire all the input from sources and it is given to

the load. The high-performance, low-power Atmel 8-

bit AVR RISC-based microcontroller combines

16KB ISP flash memory, 1KB SRAM, 512B

EEPROM, an 8-channel/10-bit A/D converter (TQFP

and QFN/MLF), and debugWIRE for on-chip

debugging. The device supports a throughput of 20

MIPS at 20 MHz and operates between 2.7-5.5 volts.

By executing powerful instructions in a single clock

cycle, the device achieves throughputs approaching 1

MIPS per MHz, balancing power consumption and

processing speed.

B.RS232

The Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA)

standard RS-232-C [3] as of 1969 defines: Electrical

signal characteristics such as voltage levels, signaling

rate, timing and slew-rate of signals, voltage

withstand level, short-circuit behavior, maximum

stray capacitance and cable length which is used here

to interface the smart grid network to the LabVIEW

platform. In this work RS232 is used to interface the

hardware to the LabVIEW software.

C.Relay

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Current

flowing through the coil of the relay creates a

magnetic field which attracts a lever and changes the

switch contacts. The coil current can be on or off so

relays have two switch positions and they are double

throw (changeover) switches.

III.POWER QUALITY MONITORING AND

LOAD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

LabVIEW is a platform and development

environment for a visual programming language.

LabVIEW is commonly used for data acquisition,

instrument control, and industrial automation on a

variety of platforms including Microsoft Windows,

various flavors of UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X.

If any fault occur in this system, relay used in this

system automatically turn off the faulty part. Also

during one one of the plant malfunction, the

remaining power stored in the battery is used

depending upon the demand .

A.BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig.1 shows the block diagram of the proposed

system (Hydro, Solar, and Wind) in which the

parameters are continuously monitored and if any

lead-lag condition occurs in a system, it

automatically manages the load demand by using

energy storage devices.

Fig.1. Block diagram proposed system

B.CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig.2. Circuit diagram of proposed system

Arduino is receiving the signal generated power of

hydro, solar, wind and battery. The power is

receiving to the thyristor control, where the buck-

boost converter is adjusting the power according to

the load demand of the demand of the system

whereas the stored power will managed automatically

which is shown in figure 2.

The load management of the system is shown in

figure 5 which is in three dimensions. Load of the

system is acquired and processed using LabVIEW

and the load is managed automatically according to

the demand.

IV.SIMULATION OUTPUT

Fig.3. Simulation output

Fig.4. Output waveform of three sources

Fig.5. Load management in three dimensions

Fig.6. Load management in two dimensions

Fig.7. Efficiency of Existing System

Fig.8. Efficiency of proposed system

V. RESULT

The system is continuously monitored and if any

lead-lag conditions occur in a system, it

automatically manages the load demand by using

energy storage device. As per the load demand, the

remaining power is stored in energy storage devices.

The stored power is used according to the load

demand of the system which is continuously

monitored under LabVIEW. According to the

existing system SEMCE DAQ is used, which

configure with 8 channels only. To increase the

number of channels, Arduino is used in the proposed

system.

By providing Automatic Load management and

energy storage device, the system efficiency is

increased up to78%.

VI. CONCLUSION

Power quality monitoring is very essential to get

an uninterruptable and efficient power supply. In this

automated system using LabVIEW power quality is

accurately monitored. Power quality is ascertained to

be stable for all the parameters and the fault

diagnosing is seems to be simple. Future scope is to

develop and monitor through internet with accurate

security protocol. Also it can be developed for

consumer sector through SMPP (Short Message Peer

to Peer) and SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol).

Since it is On-line grid automatic management based

it becomes more reliable by detecting the fault on the

spot and providing automatic load management

system and the system efficiency is increase by 5.3%

by using energy storage devices.

VII. REFERENCES

[1] Power Quality Monitoring Systems For Smart

Grid Networks,S D Grigorescu & O M Ghita-IEEE

Conference in Electrical Engineering, May 2013.

[2] Power Quality Issues: Monitoring &Measurement

Arvind Dhingra & Ashwani Kumar Sharma-

International Journal of Electronic and Electrical

Engineering, 2014.

[3] Software for power quality monitoring in model

smart grid with using Lab VIEW, Michal Regula &

Roman Bodnar-IEEE Power Electrical System

Journal, 2016.

[4] Design and Implementation of Laboratory-Based

Smart Power System, Salehi V & Parra J –Energy

Systems Research Laboratory, 2015.

[5] Power Quality in DC power distribution system

and micro grids,Step hen Whaite & Brandon

Grainger –Energies 2015.

[6] Smart Fault Location for Smart Grids,Mladen

Kezunovic & Fellow IEEE Transactions of Smart

Grid-March2011.