POTENTIAL INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON ON ... INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON ON STEELHEAD SMOLTS IN PUGET SOUND Steelhead Management Meeting 2014 Matthew Klungle Clayton Kinsel Peter Topping

POTENTIAL INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON

ON STEELHEAD SMOLTS IN

PUGET SOUND

Steelhead Management Meeting 2014

Matthew Klungle

Clayton Kinsel

Peter Topping

Joseph Anderson

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ru1XQHYv0XVf9M&tbnid=CuMxEMvny0k6XM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.greenretreat.org/alaskan-salmon-evolve-to-cope-with-the-current-climate-change/&ei=4WKeUrjxPKf8iwK_t4CoBg&bvm=bv.57155469,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNH5HZX3a5o7McZ1PKNuunNTC3CjPQ&ust=1386198094010597

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ru1XQHYv0XVf9M&tbnid=CuMxEMvny0k6XM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.greenretreat.org/alaskan-salmon-evolve-to-cope-with-the-current-climate-change/&ei=4WKeUrjxPKf8iwK_t4CoBg&bvm=bv.57155469,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNH5HZX3a5o7McZ1PKNuunNTC3CjPQ&ust=1386198094010597


PUGET SOUND PINK SALMON

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

Escapem

ent

Year

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=g-apdNxnujFNxM&tbnid=7zDnGntOab0b2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.visualphotos.com/image/1x9120476/pink_salmon_oncorhynchus_gorbuscha_spawning_en&ei=Q22eUsjHCenSiwL3n4GIBw&bvm=bv.57155469,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNF9gZ3EI8HisXOYLVGXzy1wvmiiFw&ust=1386200717911523



PULSED RESOURCE SUBSIDY


http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=tKiuREWAbxYxeM&tbnid=RTL_k0o-Sdy4QM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.brandoncole.com/photos_pink_salmon.htm&ei=7GyeUorcL8HCigKz8YGYBg&bvm=bv.57155469,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEZ37UodBKK-HW0-8navsyfzeWEdg&ust=1386200651093739







Ruggeone and Nielsen 2004

- Puget Sound

Chinook

chum

INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTION

Michael 1995

Ward and Slaney 1988

- Salish Sea

coho

steelhead



What is the influence of pink salmon on steelhead in

Puget Sound?



HYPOTHESIZED THAT THE PINK SALMON RESOURCE SUBSIDY WOULD:

-INCREASE STEELHEAD SMOLT ABUNDANCE

- INCREASE MEAN SMOLT LENGTH

- SHIFT THE AGE STRUCTURE TO YOUNGER

- INCREASE MEAN SMOLT LENGTH AT AGE

- ADVANCE MEDIAN RUN TIMING


NISQUALLY RIVER


NISQUALLY RIVER

PINK SALMON

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

Escapem

ent

Year


NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT ABUNDANCE

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Abudance

Year


NISQUALLY RIVER


0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Abudance

Year


0

50

100

150

200

250

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT SIZE STRUCTURE


185

190

195

200

205

210

215

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

mean 195.3 209.0 195.2 209.8 199.5

S.D. 20.58 34.50 25.18 38.56 24.91


* *

*

** **


NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT AGE STRUCTURE

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

2011 2012 2013

Pro

port

ion

Year

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+


NISQUALLY RIVER


0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

2011 2012 2013

Pro

port

ion

Year

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+


NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT SIZE AT AGE STRUCTURE

0

50

100

150

200

250

2011 2012 2013

Fork

Len

gth

(m

m)

Year

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+


NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT SIZE AT AGE STRUCTURE

0

50

100

150

200

250

2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+


NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT RUN TIMING

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1/7 2/26 4/17 6/6 7/26 9/14

Pro

port

ion

Date

2010

2011

2012

2013


















PUGET SOUND


GREEN RIVER


&

PINK ESCAPEMENT

N/A


GREEN RIVER


0

50

100

150

200

250

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year


GREEN RIVER

STEELHEAD AGE STRUCTURE

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

2011 2012 2013

Pro

port

ion

Year

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+


GREEN RIVER

STEELHEAD SIZE AT AGE STRUCTURE

0

50

100

150

200

250

2011 2012 2013

Fo

rk L

ength

(m

m)

Year

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+


SKAGIT RIVER

PINK SALMON

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

Escapem

ent

Year


SKAGIT RIVER


N/A


SKAGIT RIVER


145

150

155

160

165

170

175

180

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year


SKAGIT RIVER


0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

2011 2012 2013

Pro

port

ion

Year

Age 4+

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+


SKAGIT RIVER


0

50

100

150

200

250

2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+

Age 4+


DUNGENESS RIVER

PINK ESCAPMENT

N/A

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Abundance

Year


DUNGENESS RIVER



DUNGENESS RIVER


0

50

100

150

200

250

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year


DUNGENESS RIVER


0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

2011 2012 2013

Pro

port

ion

Year

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+


DUNGENESS RIVER


0

50

100

150

200

250

2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+


DUNGENESS RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT RUN TIMING

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

12/29 2/17 4/8 5/28 7/17 9/5 10/25

Pro

port

ion

Date

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012


CONCLUSIONS

POOR RESOLUTION WITHIN PUGET SOUND

PULSED RESOURCE SUBSIDY INFLUENCE:

- LENGTH

- AGE STRUCTURE

- LENGTH AT AGE

- RUN TIMING


Ward and Slaney 1988

Tatara et al. yesterday

… size-dependent survival

VSP parameters

- Diversity

- Productivity

IMPLICATIONS


THANK YOU


185

190

195

200

205

210

215

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

NISQYALLY RIVER


* *

*

** **

+13.5 mm (6.9 %) on pink outmigration years


0

50

100

150

200

250

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

NISQUALLY RIVER


* * *** **

+13.5 mm (6.9 %) on pink outmigration years


Year Age-1 Age-2 Age-3 Age-4

2011 2.0% 88.0% 10.0% 0.0%

2012 0.0% 77.1% 22.9% 0.0%

2013 0.0% 56.9% 39.7% 3.4%

SKAGIT RIVER




2011 1.8% 88.6% 9.2% 0.4%

2012 3.4% 82.0% 14.6% 0.0%

2013 4.0% 85.9% 10.1% 0.0%

DUNGENESS RIVER



DUNGENESS RIVER



2011 152.3 (21.1) 168.9 (15.9) 193.1(15.0) 195.0 (12.5)

2012 147.8 (18.9) 169.7 (15.2) 195.5 (36.3) N/A

2013 170.5 (46.5) 168.2 (17.7) 189.5 (23.5) N/A



1983 16.6% 81.8% 1.6% 0.0%

1984 27.1% 71.2% 1.7% 0.0%

1985 35.2% 64.3% 0.5% 0.0%

1986 29.1% 69.8% 1.1% 0.0%

1987 No age data

1988 No age data

1989 18.3% 81.1% 0.6% 0.0%

1990 17.8% 81.1% 1.1% 0.0%

STEELHEAD AGE STRUCTUREfresh water ages from Nisqually River adult scales


SKAGIT RIVER



2011 N/A 172.9 (23.9) 182.8 (32.8) N/A

2012 N/A 173.3 (19.7) 184.4 (24.4) N/A

2013 N/A 167.2 (15.0) 183.6 (17.0) 184.0 (15.6)


VIABLE SALMONID POPULATION (VSP) CRITERIA:

ABUNDANCE – No

PRODUCTIVITY – Yes

DISTRIBUTION – Not measured

DIVERSITY – Yes

IMPLICATIONS


MANAGEMENT:pink fisheries

- recent commercial

- liberal sport creel

IMPLICATIONS


CONTINUE MONITORING

- 2014 pink outmigration

INCORPORATE ADULT AGE DATA

- biased

NEXT STEPS


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

James Losee

Neala Kendall

Joe Anderson

Pete Topping



WA-BC Annual General MeetingVancouver Convention Center

Vancouver, Washington

March 24 – 27, 2014

Call for Symposia and Abstracts

If interested in organizing a symposium please contact Matt Klungle at:

[email protected] or (360) 902-2742

Further details on symposia submissions can be found at (http://wabc-afs.org/)

Current Topics:

- social media and fisheries

- eulachon

- green sturgeon

- e-DNA

Continuing Education:

- Introduction to R for fisheries scientists

- social media and fisheries

mailto:[email protected]

http://wabc-afs.org/



0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

Escapem

ent

Year




PULSED RESOURCE SUBSIDIES

VIABLE SALMONID POPULATION (VSP) CRITERIA:

ABUNDANCE

PRODUCTIVITY

DISTRIBUTION

DIVERSITY


PULSED RESOURCE SUBSIDIES


INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONWhat is the influence of pink salmon on steelhead?

𝐻𝑜: 𝐹𝐿𝑝 > 𝐹𝐿𝑛𝑝

𝐻𝑎: 𝐹𝐿𝑝 = 𝐹𝐿𝑛𝑝

Something about younger fish as well?

Set this up as hypothesis driven based on

findings from Ward and Stanley (Keogh River)

-what was their percent increase in size?

- “ “ “ “ change in age?

- “ “ “ “ change in size at age?

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000E

scapem

ent

Year


NISQUALLY RIVER PINK SALMON

0

4,000,000

8,000,000

12,000,000

16,000,000

20,000,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Abudance

Year



0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Abudance

Year


NISQUALLY RIVER STEELHEAD

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Abudance

Year


NISQUALLY RIVER STEELHEAD


Quantiles

Year 1% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

2009 05/04 05/16 05/21 05/24 05/26 05/29 05/31 06/01 06/04 06/07 07/03

2010 04/15 05/02 05/08 05/11 05/13 05/15 05/17 05/20 05/23 05/27 06/13

2011 04/21 05/12 05/18 05/22 05/25 05/26 05/28 06/01 06/03 06/05 07/22

2012 04/05 05/02 05/09 05/15 05/23 05/28 05/31 06/03 06/08 06/14 07/06

2013 03/21 05/05 05/12 05/14 05/17 05/19 05/21 05/23 05/28 06/01 06/17

STEELHEAD RUN TIMING


185

190

195

200

205

210

215

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

STEELHEAD SIZE STRUCTURE

** **

*

**



1983 16.6% 81.8% 1.6% 0.0%

1984 27.1% 71.2% 1.7% 0.0%

1985 35.2% 64.3% 0.5% 0.0%

1986 29.1% 69.8% 1.1% 0.0%

1987 No age data

1988 No age data

1989 18.3% 81.1% 0.6% 0.0%

1990 17.8% 81.1% 1.1% 0.0%

AGE STRUCTUREfresh water ages from Nisqually River adult scales



2009 3.5% 77.8% 18.1% 0.6%

2010 2.2% 77.8% 20.0% 0.0%

2011 0.3% 76.6% 21.3% 1.8%

2012 3.4% 60.4% 34.1% 2.1%

AGE STRUCTUREAGE STRUCTUREfresh water ages from Skagit River adult scales


















0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

Escapem

ent

Year






0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000E

scapem

ent

Year

Data

Gap


0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

18,000,000

20,000,000

2009 2010 2012

Abudance

Year




0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000E

scapem

ent

Year


ABUNDANCE


185

190

195

200

205

210

215

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fork

Length

(m

m)

Year

dfSum of

Squares

Mean

SquareF-value p-value

Year 4 80,641 20,160.3 34.08 <0.001

Residuals 3,185 1,884,249 591.6

SIZE STRUCTURE


185

190

195

200

205

210

215

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fo

rk L

en

gth

(m

m)

Year

Difference (abs) Std. Error t-value p-value

2009-2010 13.7 1.38 9.902 <0.001

2009-2011 0.1 1.59 -0.042 1.00

2009-2012 14.6 2.17 6.702 <0.001

2009-2013 4.2 1.44 2.893 0.0288

2010-2011 13.8 1.97 -7.003 <0.001

2010-2012 0.8 2.46 0.340 0.9968

2010-2013 9.6 1.86 -5.149 <0.001

2011-2012 14.6 2.59 5.661 <0.001

2011-2013 4.2 2.01 2.110 0.2019

2012-2013 10.4 2.50 -4.159 <0.001

SIZE STRUCTURE


Difference

(abs)Std. Error t-value p-value

2009-2010 13.7 1.38 9.902 <0.001

2009-2011 0.1 1.59 -0.042 1.00

2009-2012 14.6 2.17 6.702 <0.001

2009-2013 4.2 1.44 2.893 0.0288

2010-2011 13.8 1.97 -7.003 <0.001

2010-2012 0.8 2.46 0.340 0.9968

2010-2013 9.6 1.86 -5.149 <0.001

2011-2012 14.6 2.59 5.661 <0.001

2011-2013 4.2 2.01 2.110 0.2019

2012-2013 10.4 2.50 -4.159 <0.001

Documents

POTENTIAL INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON ON ... INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON ON STEELHEAD SMOLTS IN PUGET SOUND Steelhead Management Meeting 2014 Matthew Klungle Clayton Kinsel Peter Topping