Plant Unit: Roots, Stems, and Plant Unit: Roots, Stems, and LeavesLeaves

                                                                  

What are Xylem and Phloem?What are Xylem and Phloem?

►Transport SystemTransport System►Similar to our veins and arteriesSimilar to our veins and arteries►Xylem – moves water from roots to Xylem – moves water from roots to

leavesleaves►Phloem – Transport nutrients and Phloem – Transport nutrients and

products of Photosynthesis throughout products of Photosynthesis throughout the plant. the plant.

XylemXylem

►Move water and other minerals from Move water and other minerals from roots to all other parts of plant.roots to all other parts of plant.

PhloemPhloem

►Moves the products of photosynthesis Moves the products of photosynthesis (sugar) from the leaf throughout the (sugar) from the leaf throughout the plant.plant.

Roots: Taproots and Fibrous Roots: Taproots and Fibrous

►Designed to anchor plant to ground.Designed to anchor plant to ground.►Absorbs water, oxygen, and other Absorbs water, oxygen, and other

dissolved minerals from soil.dissolved minerals from soil.►Stores some of the materials produced Stores some of the materials produced

by the plant.by the plant.

TaprootsTaproots►Described as central fleshy rootDescribed as central fleshy root►Taproot = main root of a plant.Taproot = main root of a plant.

Fibrous RootFibrous Root►Many fibrous roots are present at Many fibrous roots are present at

the same time. All branching from the same time. All branching from main plant.main plant.

►Grasses are an example of a Grasses are an example of a fibrous root system.fibrous root system.

Root TissuesRoot Tissues

►Roots are made of different tissues.Roots are made of different tissues.►EpidermisEpidermis►CortexCortex►Vascular TissuesVascular Tissues

Cross Sections Of RootsCross Sections Of Roots

Ranunculus root @ 40 XRanunculus root @ 40 XRanunculus root @ 100 X

Stems:Stems:

►Hold Leaves up in SunlightHold Leaves up in Sunlight►Transport water and minerals Transport water and minerals

between Leaves and Rootsbetween Leaves and Roots►Stem Parts: Stem Parts:

Epidermis Epidermis Cortex Cortex Vascular TissueVascular Tissue

Stems: WoodyStems: Woody

►Three major zones.Three major zones.

►XylemXylem►Bark Bark ►Vascular CambiumVascular Cambium

Cross Sections of StemsCross Sections of Stems

►Alfalfa stem @ 100 X Alfalfa stem @ 100 X

Corn Corn stem @ 100 X stem @ 100 X

Leaves: TissuesLeaves: Tissues

1. Cuticle1. Cuticle2. Epidermis2. Epidermis- Both Sides Both Sides

(Upper/Lower)(Upper/Lower)- StomataStomata- Guard CellsGuard Cells

2. Palisade Layer2. Palisade Layer3. Spongy Mesophyll3. Spongy Mesophyll4. Vascular Bundles4. Vascular Bundles

Plant DiagramPlant Diagram

Flower PartsFlower Parts

►Reproduction (sexual) takes place in Reproduction (sexual) takes place in the flower.the flower.

►Stamen=male reproductive systemStamen=male reproductive system►Pistil=female reproductive systemPistil=female reproductive system►Petals=color to attract pollinatorsPetals=color to attract pollinators►Sepals=outer part of flower; provides Sepals=outer part of flower; provides

protection to the ovary/ovule.protection to the ovary/ovule.

StamenStamen

► Consists of:Consists of: Anther=where the Anther=where the

pollen is made and pollen is made and stored.stored.

Pollen=contains Pollen=contains sperm cells.sperm cells.

Filament=supports Filament=supports the antherthe anther

PistilPistil

►Consists of:Consists of: Stigma=sticky surface for pollen to land onStigma=sticky surface for pollen to land on Style=connects stigma to ovaryStyle=connects stigma to ovary Ovary=contains ovules with egg—becomes the fruit Ovary=contains ovules with egg—becomes the fruit

we eat!we eat! Ovule=contains ONE egg—will become the seed!Ovule=contains ONE egg—will become the seed!

Flowers DiagramFlowers Diagram