Piping Arrangement Around Pump

What is pump? It is a device for moving a fluid place to another thru pipes and channels.

1 Types of pumps

a. Positive displacement-reciprocating-rotary

b. Kinetic-centrifugal pumps-special

2.Data Gathering

-Plot plan-Piping and Instrumentation diagram-Pump Vendor drawing-References and practices-Standards (supports, dimension)-Specification

3.Conceptual layout

-Perspective (isometric dwg.)-Plan view

4.Sketches in detail dimension

-Detail component-Verification and total dimension

5.Layout execution work flow, Pump arrangement

-Pump spacing-Pump foundation height & size-Pump maintenance / inspection space-Ditch

6.Line flow around pump, Piping arrangement

a.Suction Piping (Piping assembly):

-Straight run-Reducer-Strainer-Support-Valve-Drain

b.Discharge Piping (Piping assembly):

-Reducer-Discharge valve-Check valve-Drain-Support

c.Auxilliary piping

-Pump cooling piping-Vent and Drain piping-Mechanical seal piping-Flushing oil piping-Quenching steam piping

The following studies are conducted in the planning to establish piping around compressor

1. Layout

a. Layout philosophy

-The compressor should be laid out to minimize the pressure loss of the system on the suction side.-The compressor should be laid out to facilitate maintenance work.-As electrical and instrumentation cables are used for the compressor, this compressor should be laid out close to the control room and substation.

b. Basic layout

-A number of electric and instrumentation cables are used for the compressor. Also, the distance between this compressor and the control room/substationshould be as close as possible, in consideration of the operation of the compressor in case of an emergency.-In particular, care should be taken to prevent the compressor and other items of equipment, building, etc. from coming closer, and each foundation from combining, in order to avoid the transmission and effect of the vibration from the compressor.-Basically, sleeper piping should be adopted and the area for this piping should be secured, to provide measures for piping vibration-proofing.

c. Sleeper

-A compressor suction line and a discharge line are liable to suffer vibration. Therefore, these lines are arranged on the sleeper to facilitate the fixing of these lines.-The layout of sleepers should be studied to prevent vibration from directly transmitting the surrounding building, structure and equipment. The sleeper should be as close to the compressor as possible, considering the vibration of piping between the sleeper and compressor (a long line is liable to suffer vibration).

d. Installation height

The items to be studied in determining the installation height are as follows:

-The distance between the drain piping and operating floor level for the compressor snubber should be 150mm or larger.-The compressor should be installed at such a height that a pocket portion should not be produced in the process piping between the sleeper and compressor.

2. Piping arrangement

a. General items

-As piping handles gaseous liquid, a free drain line should be adopted to prevent the accumulation of gas condensate in the line. If a drain pocket should be produced in the piping

system, measures should be provided to allow drain to be completely drawn off.-The route of each line should be shortest. However, compressor outlet piping and steam piping connected to the turbine driver should be flexible enough not to cause a problem due to thermal expansion (effect on equipment nozzle).-The valves, instruments, etc. of the piping connected to the compressor should be installed to facilitate the operation of the switch-off operation of thecompressor.-Piping supports should preferably be provided on the ground to facilitate vibration measures. Therefore, lines should be arranged on the sleeper as far as possible.-If trench piping is adopted around the compressor, studies should be done on whether or not gas (especially propane gas which is heavier than air) accumulate within the trench and involves risk.-The piping route should be planned not to hinder the compressor operation and maintenance.

b. Detailed piping arrangement

After piping engineers understand the line flow, satisfy process requirements and know which line requires measures against vibration and thermal stress, in advance, they should arrange lines in detail and plan piping supports.

b1. Nozzle orientation

-As in the case of other rotary machinery, the installation point of each nozzle is automatically fixed from type and constructional viewpoints. Therefore, the manufacturer fixes the nozzle orientation, unless otherwise instructed.

b2. Suction piping

-Piping arrangement on the sleeper facilitates the installation of supports from the ground, which becomes advantageous for vibration-proofing measures. Also, the installation point of valves, instruments, etc. is not high, and these items can be operated from the access way for inspection, thereby allowing theeconomic design of the structure. This arrangement method is generally more used. In this method, the gas liquid handled does not condense with steam trace heating.-Valve layout: A suction valve is operated in connection with the operation of the startup and shutdown of the compressor. It is therefore preferable to lay out the valve as close to the compressor as possible.-Strainer: Fine mesh screens are generally used for the suction-line strainers in the process compressor during the initial startup operation. Also, it is preferable to install the strainer as close to the compressor nozzle as possible.

b3. Discharge piping

The discharge-piping route should be planned after studying the following items, bearing in mind the concurrent action of piping vibration due to liquid pulsation and piping stress due to piping thermal expansion arising from compressed heat.

-Piping arrangement aiming mainly at vibration-proofing. Unless there is no problem in the access, it is preferable to install ground piping (support) in view of vibration-proofing measure.

-Valve layout: The basic valve layout of the discharge line should be as in the case of the foregoing “Layout of Suction Valves”.

3. Support Plan

In order to satisfy these two contradictory conditions, support measures must be provided by fully considering these conditions. Piping supports must basically be planned, designed and selected according to the following pertinent standards. The following covers the considerations, etc. of layout and installation of support types (typical) for vibrating lines around the compressor.

a. Support type

-The types of supports can be identified by the difference in the hardware to be fixed to the top surface of the foundation. The major objective of the sleeper around the compressor is to arrange lines in a group, as in the case of normal sleepers.-Vibration-proofing supports are used as supports used exclusively for vibration proofing of piping, which vibrates along with thermal expansion.

b. Support installation clearance

The proper supporting clearance of supports is determined based on the vibration analysis results of the piping system.

c. Considerations in support installation

• U-bolts should not be used as far as possible. Instead, U-bands or straps should be used. (As U-bolts are in linear contact with the pipe in the axial direction,satisfactory constraint cannot be expected. Therefore, U-bolts should not used for large vibration load lines.).-Vibration-proofing supports of bolting construction should be of double-nut types.-If piping supports are installed directly from buildings, etc., the vibration of buildings, etc. should be studied.

Masalah instalasi di nozzle compressor