Upload
others
View
4
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
EXPERIMENT MODULE
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION LABORATORY
PUMP ARRANGEMENT
(POM)
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG
2018
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 2
Contributor:
Dr. Tirto Prakoso, Meiti Pratiwi, S.T, M.T., Dr. Ardiyan Harimawan, Listiani Artha, Kevin
Timothius C, Dr. Pramujo Widiatmoko
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 3
TABLE OF CONTENT
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................................................. 3
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... 4
LIST OF TABLE ....................................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER II PURPOSE AND TARGET OF EXPERIMENT ................................................ 7
I. Purpose ............................................................................................................................ 7
II. Target .......................................................................................................................... 7
CHAPTER III EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ............................................................................. 8
I. Experimental Tool Scheme ............................................................................................. 8
II. Tools and Experimental Support Materials ................................................................. 8
CHAPTER IV WORK PROCEDURES .................................................................................... 9
I. Experiment steps ............................................................................................................. 9
II. Measurement Method ................................................................................................ 10
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................... 11
APPENDIX A TABLE OF RAW DATA ................................................................................ 12
APPENDIX B CALCULATION PROCEDURES .................................................................. 13
APPENDIX C JSA CONTROL SHEET ................................................................................. 15
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 4
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Experimental tool scheme arrangement ..................................................................... 8
Figure 2. Experimental flow diagram POM module .................................................................. 9
Figure 3. QH performance curve ............................................................................................. 14
Figure 4. Efficiency curve ........................................................................................................ 14
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 5
LIST OF TABLE
Table I. Examples of observational data .................................................................................. 12
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 6
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Pumps are very commonly used process instruments, not even in factories, pumps are
also familiar in homes. Pumps have two main uses, which is moving fluids from one
place to another (e.g. water from underground aquifers to a water storage tank), and
circulating fluids around the system (e.g. cooling water or lubricants passing through
machines and equipment).
Based on the work principles, pump is divided into two, which is the centrifugal pump
and positive displacement pump. Centrifugal pump is the most widely used type of pump
in the world. The popularity of centrifugal pumps is due to its simple, clear, and tested
working principle, strong, effective, and relatively inexpensive in production. Centrifugal
pumps are suitable for liquids that have low viscosity and for high flow rates. In addition,
this type of pump has been widely used for various purposes, both in housing, industry,
urban, and others.
There are various variations of centrifugal pumps consisting of the same basic hydraulic
component. Among them are end suction pump, in-line pump, double suction pump,
submersible pump, axial-flow pump, and so on.
Centrifugal pump work by transferring mechanical energy from the electric motor to the
fluid through a rotating propeller. Some energy is converted into kinetic energy in the
form of fluid motion, and partly into potential energy, in the form of fluid pressure, or by
passing fluid against gravity to higher altitudes. Pump are one of the most common
equipment in all chemical plants. Therefore, knowledge of these instrument is very
important for chemical engineers. By carrying out this practicum, practitioner will
understand how the centrifugal pump works, how to assess pump performance, and how
the pump arrangement is suitable for a particular purpose.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 7
CHAPTER II
PURPOSE AND TARGET OF EXPERIMENT
I. Purpose
The purpose of pump arrangement module implementation is :
1. Practitioner knows how to measure pump performance
2. Practitioner can determine when the best time to use an arrangement of pumps in
single, series, or parallel.
II. Target
Practitioner is expected to construct the centrifugal pump performance curves that are single,
series, and parallel.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 8
CHAPTER III
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
I. Experimental Tool Scheme
The Pump arrangement module experiment scheme is as follows.
Toren
Pump A Pump B
Flow
meter
PI
PI
1
2
3
Figure 1. Experimental tool scheme arrangement
II. Tools and Experimental Support Materials
a. Devices and Measurements
1. Toren
2. Centrifugal Pump
3. PVC pipe
4. Fitting
5. Ball Valve
6. Screw valve
7. kWh meter
8. Suction pressure gauge
9. Discharge pressure gauge
10. Flow meter
b. Bahan/Zat Kimia
1. Water
2. Bayclin/Calcium hypochlorite
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 9
CHAPTER IV
WORK PROCEDURE
I. Experiment steps
Fill toren with water to a minimum water level
as high as suction pipe
Connect the pump with the power
source
Make sure the ball valve opening is in
accordance with the pump to be used
Turn on the pump
Observe suction pressure, discharge pressure, flow rate,
and power used
Mix water with bayclin / calcium
hypochlorite
Adjust the screw valve opening to
the desired variation
Suction pressure
Discharge pressure
Flow rate
Power
Still need to do
variat ions of screw
valve openings
Still need to do variat ion
of pump arrangment used
Turn off the pump
Finish
Start
Yes
No
Yes
No
Figure 2. Experimental flow diagram POM module
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 10
II. Measurement Method
From the experimental results of this pump arrangment module, the data obtained are the
value of suction pressure, discharge pressure, flow rate, and power. These data are obtained
by varying the screw valve opening so that there is a change of pressure on the pressure
gauge. The other data is also obtained by measuring the time taken for 1 round kWh meter
and 5 full rotation (Volume 5 Liter).
The variations done in this experiment are::
1. Valve Opening.
The valve openings are varied at least 6 openings.
2. Arrangement of Pump Used.
The pump arrangement used in this experiment is single pump A, single pump B,
series pump arrangement, and parallel pump arrangement.
i) The ball valve opening for a single pump flow A is by opening only valve 1 (the
screw tap must always be opened)
ii) The ball valve opening for a single pump flow B is by opening only valve 3
iii) The ball valve opening for series pump flow is by opening only valve 2.
iv) The ball valve opening for parallel pump flow is by opening only valve 1 and 3.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 11
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Jacobsen, Christian Brix. The Centrifugal Pump. Grundfos.
2. http://www.pumpscout.com/all-pump-types/centrifugal-pumps-ptid108.html (Accessed 8
October 2012)
3. http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/centrifugal-pumps-d_54.html (Accessed 8 October
2012)
http://www.energyefficiencyasia.org/docs/ee_modules/indo/Chapter%20-
%20Pumps%20and%20pumping%20systems%20(Bahasa%20Indonesia).pdf (Accessed 8
October 2012)
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 12
APPENDIX A
RAW DATA TABLE
Examples of observational data tables can be seen in the table as follows.
Table I. Examples of observational data
Pump
Arrangement
Single (Pump A)
No Opening
variance
(%)
Suction
pressure
(kgf/cm2)
Discharge
pressure
(kgf/cm2)
Flow rate
(l/s)
Power (W)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 13
APPENDIX B
CALCULATION PROCEDURE
B.1. Calculation
a) Pressure difference calculation (∆P)
Di mana
Pdischarge = Pump outlet pressure (Pa)
Psuction = Pump inlet pressure (Pa)
b) Head pump calculation (h)
Di mana
= density (kg/m3)
G = gravity (m/s2)
c) Total pump efficiency calculatin
Where,
Phydraulic = Power is transferred from the pump to the fluid (W)
Pelectric = Power from a power source (W)
Q = Water debit (m3/s)
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 14
B.2. Data processing
From the data that has been obtained, it can be arranged to be the pump curve. The types of
pumps to be used in this practicum are the QH curves (head-flow rate) and the efficiency curve
(flow-rate efficiency).
a) Head-flow rate curve
The QH curve shows the effect of the flow rate on the pump head. Figure 3 shows the
common head-flow curve shape
Figure 3. QH performance curve
The efficiency curve shows the effect of the flow rate on pump efficiency. Figure 4 shows the
general shape of the efficiency curve.
Figure 4. Efficiency curve
By compiling these two curves, it can be compared between the performance of pump A,
pump B, series pump arrangement, and parallel pump arrangement.
INSTRUCTIONAL LABORATORY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPT.
FTI - ITB
PUMP ARRANGEMENT MODULE (POM)
POM – 2018/PW 15
APPENDIX C
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS CONTROL SHEET
Assistant Advisor Lab TK coordinator
Work description Potential hazard Prevention act
Put water into toren 1. Slip in stagnant water
2. Water spilled onto an
uncovered electrical circuit
1. Be careful in pouring
water into toren, do not let
the water stagnant.
2. Be careful in pouring
water, closing / protecting
open electrical circuits
Turn on and operate the pump 1. The water level in toren is
too low causing pump
cavitation
2. Incorrect at opening /
closing the valve so as to
overload the pump
3. The body part is exposed
to electric shock from an
open electrical circuit
1. Ensure that the water level
at toren is high enough to
prevent cavitation on the
pump.
2. Make sure valve is opened
and closed is in
accordance with the flow
of pump water used
3. covering/ protecting open
electrical circuits