Photochimie en orbite : Amino/UVolution/Process – 1/6

Réunion projets spatiaux du pôle système solaire de l'IPSL - 27 janvier 2010

Photochimie en orbite : Amino/UVolution/Process – 1/6

hv

hv

H. Cottin (1), P. Coll (1), M. Cloix (1), D. Coscia (2), N. Fray (1), Y.Y. Guan (1), F. Macari (1), F. Raulin (1), F. Stalport (1), C. Szopa (2), D. Chaput (3), M. Viso (3), M. Bertrand (4),

A. Chabin (4), F. Westall (4), A. Brack (4), J. Vergne (5), M.C. Maurel (5)(1) LISA, Université Paris 7 & Paris 12, UMR 7583 CNRS, Créteil, France

(2) LATMOS-IPSL, Verrières-le-Buisson, France(3) CNES, France (4) CBM, CNRS, Orléans, France, (5) Anbiophy, UPMC, Paris, France



hv

hv

ProductsAh

J

dIJ

absorptioncross section

(cm²)

photons flux(photon.cm-2.s-1)

Solar or lab.

photolysisquantum

yield

][][

AJdt

Ad

tJAA 0]ln[]ln[

First order decay 0 20 40 60 80 1000

1

2

3

4

5

ln (

A)

time (s)

slope : - J

t1/2 = ln 2 / J




BIOPAN (FOTON)

PROCESS, AMINO : International Space Station•PROCESS – Expose-E (Columbus) : Fev. 2008 – August 2009•AMINO - Expose-R (Zvezda) : Mars 2009 – Sept. 2010

UV-olution : FOTON-3M / BIOPAN 6 September 14-26, 2007

EXPOSE (ISS)



Origin of the distributed sources

Exogenous delivery

Cycle of organic matter in Titan

Stability of organic molecules at Mars surface

ARNstability



Réponse à l’AO ESA ILSRA 2009• Projet PSS : Photochemistry on the Space Station (LISA, LATMOS, CBM, Obs. Catania, Obs. Leiden, Nasa Ames) • Projet VITRINE (LISA, LATMOS, CBM, IAS, PIIM, ECP, LERMA, Obs. Catania, Obs. Leiden, Nasa Ames) : suivi in situ en orbite et extension à basse température

•R&T CNES sur VITRINE

2010 : • Analyse des échantillons PROCESS• Retour des échantillons AMINO

MoleculeJ measured in

space (s-1)J' measured in

the lab. (s-1)

J' extrapolated at 1 AU (s-1)

(lyman a )

Ratio (space/lab.) (lyman a )

J' extrapolated at 1 AU (s-1) (115-200 nm)

Ratio (space/lab.)

(115-200 nm)

glycine 1,0E-06 8,6 10-6 6E-09 167 1E-07 10

adenine < 1,9E-7 2,7 10-7 8E-10 < 238 1,5E-08 < 13

guanine < 1,9E-7 < 2,7 10-7 < 8,2 10-10 -- < 8,2 10-10 --

xanthine 5,0E-07 1,3 10-6 4E-09 125 7E-08 7

hypoxanthine < 1,9E-7 3,7 10-6 1,1E-08 < 17 2E-07 < 1

urea < 1,9E-7 < 2,7 10-7 < 8,2 10-10 -- < 8,2 10-10 --

C3O2 polymer(*) 1,3E-06 1,3 10-5 1,1E-08 118 2E-07 6,5

polyHCN 8,0E-07 2,0 10-6 2E-09 400 3,5E-08 23(*) CN band


Exploration in situ : prospective ILMA (astéroïde) – 1/6

ILMA: Ion Laser Mass Analyser, in-situ analysis of a carbonaceous asteroid for the MARCO POLO spatial mission.

Conception of a very high mass resolution mass spectrometer

H. Cottin(1), J.J. Berthelier (6), A. Bouabdellah (6), C. Briois(2), N. Carrasco(6), P. Gilbert (6), C. Engrand(3), N. Grand(1), P. Zapf (1), M. Hilchenbach(7), H. Krüger(7), A.

Makarov(8), P. Puget(5), B. Arezki (5), C. Szopa(6), L. Thirkell(2), A. Boukrara(2), and R. Thissen(4)

(1) LISA, Universités Paris 12, Paris 7, UMR 7583 CNRS, 94010 Créteil cedex, (2) LPC2E - UMR-CNRS 6115 , 45071 Orléans, France, (3) CSNSM, 91405 ORSAY Campus, France, (4) LPG, UMR 5109 CNRS - UJF, 38000 Grenoble,

France, (5) LAOG, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, UMR 5571, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France, (6) LATMOS, CNRS, UVSQ, UPMC, 91371 Verrières le Buisson Cedex, France, (7) MPI für Sonnensystemforschung,,

D-37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, (8)Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hanna-Kunath Str 11, 28199 Bremen, Germany



Ion trap

Laser Beam

Ion optic

Sample

Inner electrode

Signal FT Spectra

Outer electrode

Outer electrode

Desorbed Ions

Vacuum

SolidCollision cascade

Region of greatest damage

Region of least damage

LDIMS ProcessLaser shot

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

Mass: ~ 2.2 kg (with 20% margin)Volume: 15x15x5 cm3

Electronic unit : 15x10x3 cm3

Mean power: ~ 9 W Mass range: 1-30 / 25-750 amuMass resolution: 100,000 at 50% height

at 400 amu

Analyzed area: a few µm² to 1 mm²Data budget : 40 Mo per analysis (at least 2 analysis per sample).

Thanks to the high resolution

Analysis of Minerals& Organics


First publication Makarov, Anal Chem (2000)



100

80

60

40

20

0

x10

3

262.35262.30262.25262.20262.15262.10262.05262.00

150

100

50

0

x103

m/m = 3000

Example : mixture of complex high molecular weight organic compoundsm/z = 262

100

80

60

40

20

0

x10

3

262.35262.30262.25262.20262.15262.10262.05262.00

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

x103

m/m = 10 000100

80

60

40

20

0

x103

262.35262.30262.25262.20262.15262.10262.05262.00

100

80

60

40

20

0

x10

3

m/m = 100 000




Modules Instrument

LISAILMA PI/PMH. Cottin PIN. Grand PM

LPC2EIon GunL. Thirkell (PM)

ESADLR

CNES

LISA & sub-contractor

Electronic Box(ILMA/Lander interfaces)

LPC2E & sub-contractor

Integration/TestL. Thirkell (SE)

Lander Integration

Project Management and coordination

ARCIons SourceM. Tajmar (SE)

CoPIs :C. Briois (LPC2E)C. Engrand (CSNSM)

Co-Investigators -M. Aliman (Zeiss GmbH.), D. Bockelée-Morvan (Obs. Paris), J.R. Brucato (Florence Obs.), N. Carasco (LATMOS), M.Chaussidon (CRPG), S. Derenne (Paris), S. Erard (Obs. Paris), M. Fulchignoni (Obs. Paris), A. Glasmachers (U.Wuppertal), M. Hilchenbach (MPS Katlenburg-Lindau), R. Kallenbach (MPS Katlenburg-Lindau), A. Makarov(Thermofisher), P. Michel (Obs. Côte d’Azur), Tomoki Nakamura (Kyushu University), E. Quirico (LPG), S. Russell (NHMLondon), G. Strazzulla (Catania Obs.), C. Szopa (LATMOS), W. Steiger (ARC).

MPSLaser Source

H. Krüger (PM)

LPGIon Trap

R. Thissen (PM)

Documents

Photochimie en orbite : Amino/UVolution/Process – 1/6