PHARMACOGENOMIC APPROACH; PAVING THE WAY FOR PERSONALISED DRUGS FOR ASTHMA

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PHARMACOGENOMIC APPROACH;

PAVING THE WAY FOR

PERSONALISED DRUGSFOR ASTHMA

BYSAHITHI . GADDE

K.V.S.R.SIDDARTHA COLLEGE OF PHARMACEUTICALSCIENCES ,

VIJAYAWADA.


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DEFINITION OF ASTHMA

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways ofthe lungs.

Many cells and cellular elements including mast cells,eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophills andepithelial cells are involved in the process.

It affects nearly 155 million individuals across the world.

In India 10-15% of the population particularly women andchildren were found to be affected by atopic asthma.


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CLASSIFICATION It is classified as;

1. Atopic (symptoms are precipitated

by allergens)2. Non-atopic (symptoms are not

precipitated by allergens)


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SYMPTOMS

Wheezing(high pitched whistling soundswhen breathing out-especially in children)

Breathlessness Chest tightness

Coughing

- these symptoms are particularlyobserved in night and in early mornings.


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Causes for asthma The infiltration of leukocytes

particularly eosionphils in to the

lungs and release of vaso activemediators from mast cells set thestage for asthamatic inflammation.


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Two functional alterations aretypically associated with

asthma; These include variable air way obstruction of

bronchial hyper responsiveness. The narrowingof the airways is associated with smooth muscle

contraction, airway wall thickening, edema andincreased mucus secretion.

Along with these there is a denudation of theair way epithelium and collagen deposition

beneath the basement membrane.


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BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYSINVOLVED IN THE

PATHOGENESIS OF ASTHMA


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Studies over last 25 years have clearlydemonstrated that both genetic andenvironmental factorsdetermine the

phenotypic expression of asthma.


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Asthma is a complex disorder of multi

factorial origin. Atopic asthma in children is found to be

strongly familial and genetic basis.

In addition to genes of asthmaenvironmental factors such as allergens,food, childhood viral infection, alsoplays a significant role in causingasthma.


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Genes contributing to asthma


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CURRENT MODE OF

ASTHMA THERAPY Large number of drugs are available for

the treatment of asthma.

Theanti-leukotrienes

are the newest class ofanti asthmatic drugs available. They helpto control symptoms of asthma.

Corticosteroidsare the anti inflammatory

drugs of choice.


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FUTURE PERSPECTIVE


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT A.PRAMEELA RANI

N.KANAKA DURGA DEVI

K.NAVEEN BABU

KVSR SIDDARTHA COLLEGE OF PHARMACEUTICALSCIENCES,

VIJAYAWADA.


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PHARMACOGENOMIC APPROACH; PAVING THE WAY FOR PERSONALISED DRUGS FOR ASTHMA