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PEAR PRODUCTION COSTS IN ITALY
RECENT TRENDS AND COMPARISON WITH THE
MAIN EUROPEAN GROWING COUNTRIES
Interpera 2016, - Allée Bleue, Franschhoek (RSA) 16-18 november 2016
CARLO PIRAZZOLI
ALESSANDRO PALMIERI
LUCIANO TRENTINI
Department of Agricultural
Sciences
Alma Mater Studiorum -
University of Bologna 16-18 november
SURVEYED AREA
EMILIA-ROMAGNA TOTAL PRODUCTION: • 1,5 MILLION OF TONS (AVERAGE 2013/15) • 68% OF TOTAL ITALIAN PRODUCTION
PROVINCE OF FORLI’-CESENA: 2% E.R. PRODUCTION (ORGANIC PRODUCTION AREA)
PROVINCE OF FERRARA 42% E.R. PRODUCTION
PROVINCE OF MODENA: 31% E.R. PRODUCTION
SURVEYED CULTIVARS
CARMEN
SANTA MARIA
WILLIAM
CONFERENCE
ABATE FÉTEL
KAISER
MODENA FERRARA FORLI'-CESENA AREA
COSTS REPORTED >> YEAR 2015
EXPECTED FOR 2016 Fertilizers, +5% Pesticides, -3% Fuels, energy, +6%
METHODOLOGY:
MAIN ASPECTS
COMPOSITION OF COST LEVELS
Included optional, - - Not included
ITEMS FARM FULL
COST
TOTAL
PRODUCTION
COSTS
Raw materials
Salary (Paid Manpower) ♦
Production insurance
Annual orchard depreciation
Land capital maintenance
Machineries fixed costs
Admnistrative costs
Management ♦
Social security (farmer)
Taxes
Family labour (Opportunity cost) --
Interest on imprest capital --
Interest on fitting operations --
Interests on machine equipments --
Land rent --
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
ton
s/h
a
plant duration (years)
Average yield of full production period
Average annual
yield considered
FULL PRODUCTION YEARS
AVERAGE ANNUAL
PRODUCTION COST
AND YIELD
Carlo Pirazzoli, Alessandro Palmieri, Luciano Trentini
Pear production costs in Italy: recent trends and comparison with the main Europea growing countries
ANNUAL PRODUCTION COST (€/Ha):
SUMMER CULTIVARS
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
16.000
18.000
20.000
22.000
Modena Modena Forlì-Cesena Modena Ferrara Forlì-Cesena
Eu
ro/h
a
FULL COST TOTAL COST
Carmen WilliamS.MariaCarmen
(bio)William
William
(bio)
ANNUAL PRODUCTION COST (€/Ha):
AUTUMN CULTIVARS
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
16.000
18.000
20.000
22.000
Modena Ferrara Forlì-Cesena Modena Ferrara Modena
Eu
ro/h
a
FULL COST TOTAL COST
Abate F. Abate F.Abate F.
(Bio)Conference Conference Kaiser
AVERAGE ANNUAL YIELD (Tons/Ha):
SUMMER CULTIVARS
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Modena Modena Forlì-Cesena Modena Ferrara Forlì-Cesena
To
nn
ella
te/h
a
Carmen WilliamS.MariaCarmen
(bio)William
William
(bio)
AVERAGE ANNUAL YIELD (Tons/Ha):
AUTUMN CULTIVARS
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Modena Ferrara Forlì-Cesena Modena Ferrara Modena
To
nn
ella
te/h
a
Abate F. Abate F.Abate F.
(Bio)Conference Conference Kaiser
HIGH QUALITY
LEVEL PRODUCTION
27-28 tons/ha
OLD PLANTS
LOW YIELDS
26-27 tons/ha
ANNUAL PRODUCTION COST (€/Kg):
SUMMER CULTIVARS
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
0,50
0,55
0,60
0,65
0,70
0,75
Modena Modena Forlì-Cesena Modena Ferrara Forlì-Cesena
Eu
ro/K
g
FULL COST TOTAL COST
Kpi
Carmen WilliamS.MariaCarmen
(bio)William
William
(bio)
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
0,50
0,55
0,60
0,65
0,70
0,75
Modena Ferrara Forlì-Cesena Modena Ferrara Modena
Eu
ro/K
g
FULL COST TOTAL COST
Abate F. Abate F.Abate F.
(Bio)Conference Conference Kaiser
ANNUAL PRODUCTION COST (€/Kg):
AUTUMN CULTIVARS
PRODUCTION COST RESUME (€/Kg)
0,00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70
William (MODENA)
William (FERRARA)
S. Maria (MODENA)
William organic (FORLI'-CESENA)
Kaiser (MODENA)
Carmen (MODENA)
Abate F. (MODENA)
Carmen organic (FORLI'-CESENA)
Conference (MODENA)
Abate F. (FERRARA)
Conference (FERRARA)
Abate F. organic (FORLI'-CESENA)
Euro/Kg
FULL COST
TOTAL COST
ABATE FÉTEL: HIGH YIELD
OR HIGH QUALITY (SIZE)?
0,660
0,621
0,5630,534
0,502
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
0,50
0,55
0,60
0,65
0,70
0,75
28 30 32 34 36
Tota
l pro
du
ctio
n c
ost
(Eu
ro/K
g)
Average yield (tons/ha)
REGULAR THINNING LIGHT THINNING NO THINNING
SIZE AND PRODUCER PRICES (INDEX NUMBERS BASED ON 2009/2016 ANALISYS)
136 136 134
121
104100
70
39
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
90+ 85/90 80/85 75/80 70/75 Average 1stquality
65/70 60/65
Ind
ex n
um
be
r o
f p
rod
uce
r p
rice
Fruit size (mm.)
INDEX=100
COMPARISON WITH THE
MAIN EUROPEAN
COUNTRIES
based on 2010 Report:
COSTI, PREZZI E COMPETITIVITÀ NELLA
FILIERA PERO: UN’ANALISI DEI MAGGIORI
SISTEMI PRODUTTIVI EUROPEI
published by Centro Servizi Ortofrutticoli, Ferrara (Italy)
Carlo Pirazzoli, Alessandro Palmieri, Luciano Trentini
Pear production costs in Italy: recent trends and comparison with the main Europea growing countries
REPORT 2010:
COMPARED AREAS
ITALY
SPAIN
FRANCE
Emilia-Romagna
Catalunya
PORTUGAL Cadaval
Bouches du Rhône
Loiret
NETHERLANDS Betuwe
BELGIUM Limburg
TOTAL PRODUCTION COST: INDEX NUMBERS FOR
SUMMER CULTIVARS
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
PT-Rocha
FR-William
ES-Limonera
IT(MO)-William
IT(FE)-William
FR-Guyot
IT-S. Maria
INDEX= 100
TOTAL PRODUCTION COST: INDEX NUMBERS FOR
AUTUMN CULTIVARS
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
BE-Conference
NL-Conference
FR-Conference
ES-Conference
IT(MO)-Conference
IT(FE)-Conference
IT(FE)-Abate F.
IT(MO)-Abate F.
INDEX= 100
FINAL
REMARKS
Carlo Pirazzoli, Alessandro Palmieri, Luciano Trentini
Pear production costs in Italy: recent trends and comparison with the main Europea growing countries
FINAL REMARKS
LONG TIME EVIDENCE: STRONG INCREASE IN RAW MATERIALS
COST >> MODERATE INCREASE IN LABOR COST;
TWO STRATEGIES:
LOW PRODUCTION COST >> LOW
PRICES
HIGH QUALITY AND PRODUCT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT >> HIGHER PRICES (?)
CRITICAL POINTS:
decrease of consumption in the long time period;
historical low export propensity;
high quality >> very high financial investments required.
STAYING COMPETITIVE:
production cost control;
high yield level and product quality;
increasing export toward new markets (consumer’s education);
supply planning according to the market demand;
product value enhancement and acknowledgement.
THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION
PEAR PRODUCTION COSTS IN ITALY: RECENT TRENDS AND COMPARISON WITH THE
MAIN EUROPEAN GROWING COUNTRIES
Interpera 2016, - Allée Bleue, Franschhoek (RSA) 16-18 november 2016
