Parts of Speech

8 Key Terms

Parts of Speech

* Nouns * Adverbs

* Pronouns * Prepositions

* Verbs * Conjunctions

* Adjectives * Interjections

NOUNS A noun is a person, place, thing,

idea, or quality Common noun – any person, place,

thing, idea, or quality boy, school, book

Proper noun – a specific person, place, thing, idea, or quality Joey, SM South, To Kill a Mockingbird

NOUNS

Abstract nouns are nouns that cannot be detected by the five senses. ideas – love, peace, honor qualities – honesty, value, freedom

Concrete nouns are nouns that can be perceived by the five senses. persons, places, things

NOUNS Singular nouns deal with one of something Plural nouns deal with more than one Collective nouns refer to multiple objects

as a unit. They are singular nouns. class, team, herd, pride (of lions)

Compound nouns are two or more words joined together to form a noun. toothpaste, policeman, haircut, hot dog

PRONOUNS

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.

Remember – sometimes, pronouns can be used as adjectives – his shoe.

Many different types of pronouns – personal, reflexive, demonstrative, indefinite, and possessive.

PRONOUNS

2 Cases of Pronouns Subjective case – used as the subject

in a sentence. I, you, he, she, we, they, it

Objective case – used as a direct object, indirect object, or object of the preposition.

me, him, her, us, them, you

VERBS A word used to express action,

being, or state of being 3 Types

Action verbs – run, think, hit, throw, barf “Being” verbs – is, am, are, was, were,

be, being, been Helping verbs – “being” + has, have,

had, may, might, must, could, should, would, etc.

ADJECTIVES Describe or modify a noun or

pronoun 5 Questions

Which one? this book… What kind? A mean dog… Whose? My book… or Bill’s coat How much? some money… How many? Three little pigs…

“a, an, the” = articles = adjectives

ADVERBS Describe or modify a verb, adjective,

or another adverb 5 Questions

How? He drives carelessly. When? Janet arrives today. Where? He stepped backward. How often? She sneezed twice. To what extent? I am extremely

tired.

ADVERBS

The word “not” is an adverb even though it often appears between verbs in a verb phrase. Example: Mr. Williams will not accept messy homework.

Intensifiers are adverbs that modify other adverbs or adjectives. too, very, rather, quite, almost,

extremely

PREPOSITIONS

A preposition shows the relationship between its object (called the object of the prepositional phrase) and some other word in the sentence.

Example: The leader (of the group) spoke clearly and articulately.

CONJUNCTIONS Connects words or groups of words 3 Types

Coordinate conjunctions (FAN BOYS) For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So

Subordinate Conjunctions as, as if, because, before, if, since, that, till,

unless, then, where, whether Correlative Conjunctions (pairs)

neither/nor, either/or, both/and, not only/but also

INTERJECTIONS

Interjections express strong feelings or emotions.

They will end with a comma (,) or an exclamation point (!) depending upon the strength of the emotion.