PARTS OF SPEECH REVIEW Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives,
Adverbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Interjections Slide 2 NOUNS
Definition: A noun is a person (girl), place (house), thing
(apple), or idea (love) Nouns are broken up into different
categories such as, common and proper, concrete and abstract,
singular and plural, possessive, collective, and irregular Slide 3
A common noun names a general person, place, or thing. Examples: I
went to the city. The man was kind. Slide 4 A proper noun names a
specific person, place, or thing. Always capitalize the first
letter of a proper noun. Examples: I went to San Francisco. Mr.
Brown was kind. My new puppy, Perro, is playful Slide 5 A concrete
noun is a noun that is physical. It is something you can touch, or
pick up. Examples: desk, door, pencil, eraser An abstract noun is
not physical. It is still there, but you cant see it or feel it in
a physical way. Examples: love, kindness, sleep, day Slide 6 A
collective noun is a noun that names a group. Examples: club, herd,
army, troop It is one made up of many. Slide 7 Possessive nouns
show who or what owns something. Singular nouns are made possessive
by adding an apostrophe and then an s. Example: The girls kite flew
high in the sky. Slide 8 Plural possessive nouns are formed by
adding an apostrophe after the s. Example: The girls kite flew high
in the sky. When a plural noun does not end with an s, and
apostrophe and an s are added. Example: The mens truck was dirty.
Slide 9 Irregular nouns are usually plural nouns that dont follow
the rules. Sometimes you dont simply add s or es to make a noun
plural. Instead, you may have to change the spelling, add a
different suffix, or leave it alone. Examples: child becomes
children, mouse becomes mice, half becomes halves, sheep stays
sheep Slide 10 PRONOUNS A pronoun is a word that takes the place of
a noun. Example: John rode on Johns tractor. -OR- John rode on his
tractor. Common pronouns include: he, she, it, we, they, them, us,
our, his, her, and I. The noun that the pronoun refers to is called
its antecedent. Slide 11 A singular pronoun takes the place of a
singular noun. Example: The girl went to the store. She bought some
milk. A plural pronoun takes the place of a plural noun. Example:
The cats played with the yarn. I laughed at them. Slide 12
Possessive pronouns are used to show that something or someone
belongs to someone else. Example: Franks hamburger had mustard on
it. -OR- His hamburger had mustard on it. Slide 13 PRONOUNS I AND
ME The pronoun I is used in the subject of a sentence. The pronoun
me is used in the predicate of a sentence. Kim and (I, me) walked
to the deli. Kim went to the deli with (I, me). Slide 14 Personal
pronouns refer to the person speaking (first person), the person
spoken to (second person), or the person, place, or thing spoken
about (third person). Some first person examples include: I, me,
my, us, we Second person: you, your, yours Third person: he, him,
she, her, it, its, they, their Slide 15 A demonstrative pronoun
points out a specific person, place, or thing Examples: this, that,
these, those Interrogative pronouns are those that ask questions.
They do not have antecedents. Examples: what, which, who, whom,
whose Slide 16 Indefinite pronouns refer to a person, place, or
thing that is not specifically named Examples: both, few, many all,
any, more, some, none, everybody, anybody, something, someone Slide
17 VERBS A verb is a word that expresses action or a state of
being. An action verb tells what the subject of a sentence is
doing. Examples: jumped, walking, drinking, goes Marla goes to the
store. Slide 18 A linking or being verb joins the subject and
predicate of a sentence. Examples: am, is, are, was, were Matt was
at the store. Slide 19 To form the past tense of most verbs, add ed
Example: jump becomes jumped To form the present tense of most
verbs, add s Example: speak-speaks Slide 20 To form the future
tense of most verbs, add the helping verb will before the main verb
Example: fix becomes will fix Slide 21 Irregular verbs are a bit
more difficult because to form the past tense, you dont add ed. The
entire word will change. Examples: eat-ate Do-did Think-thought
Know-knew Slide 22 ADJECTIVES Adjectives modify or tell more about
nouns or pronouns. Examples: shiny spaceship Green alien Big eyes
Tiny hand Beautiful planet Slide 23 Positive adjectives are the
original form of the word Examples: old, good, interesting
Comparative adjectives compare two nouns or pronouns Examples:
older, better, more interesting Slide 24 Superlative adjectives
compare more than two nouns or pronouns Examples: oldest, best,
most interesting Slide 25 ADVERBS An adverb is a word that
describes a verb. An adverb tells how, when, or where the verb
happens. Many adverbs that tell how end with the letters ly.
Example: Joan painted slowly. Slowly describes the action painted.
Slide 26 When you compare two actions, the adverb will often end
with the letters er or est. Example: Birds fly higher than insects.
Higher describes the verb fly. Airplanes fly highest of all.
Highest describes the action fly. Slide 27 PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions show a relationship between one person, place, or
thing and another. Example: You are sitting in a seat in the
classroom. Your feet are on the floor. The preposition in each
sentence show where you are in relation to the seat and classroom
and where your feet are in relation to the floor. Slide 28 A
prepositional phrase must begin with a preposition and end with a
noun. In the same sentence, Your feet are on the floor, the
preposition is on and floor is the noun. The prepositional phrase
is on the floor. Slide 29 CONJUNCTIONS Conjunctions join words,
phrases, or clauses. They are often used to combine simple
sentences to make compound sentences. The three most common
conjunctions are: and, but, or. Slide 30 INTERJECTIONS
Interjections are feeling words. They show emotion in a sentence.
Interjections are always separated from the rest of the sentence
using a comma or exclamation point. Examples: Ouch! That really
hurt. Oh, are you okay? Slide 31 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT The subject
of a sentence must agree with the verb. Examples: Ben reads a book.
Ben and Sam read a book. How would we complete this sentence? Billy
(want, wants) to buy a new skateboard. Slide 32 RUN-ONS AND
FRAGMENTS A sentence that is not complete is called a fragment.
Example: Fell in the lake! A sentence that has more that one
complete thought is called a run-on. Example: He dribbled down the
floor his foot slipped on a wet spot. Slide 33 FRAGMENTS AND
RUN-ONS Which of the following sentences is complete, a fragment,
or a run-on? Burned out of control. Jerry crossed the finish line
one-tenth of a second ahead of Johnathan. My shoelace caught in the
escalator I didnt know what to do. Slide 34 SUBJECT AND PREDICATE
All complete sentences must have both a subject and a predicate.
The subject is what the sentence is about. Example: My closet has
lots of clothes in it. The predicate shows what the subject is
doing or being. Example: A buzzing bee looked for nectar in the
flower. Slide 35 SUBJECT AND PREDICATE The simple subject of a
sentence is just the noun or pronoun in the subject. The simple
predicate of a sentence is just the verb in the predicate. What is
the simple subject and simple predicate in this sentence? My
notebook is filled with stories that I wrote. Slide 36 FOUR KINDS
OF SENTENCES Each type of sentence has a certain job. A declarative
sentence is a basic statement. Example: Seven silly snails crawled
along the sidewalk. An imperative sentence makes a command or
demand. Example: Close the door. These types of sentences both end
with a period (.). Slide 37 FOUR KINDS OF SENTENCES An exclamatory
sentence shows emotion and uses an exclamation point. Example: How
big the monsters teeth are! An interrogative sentence asks a
question. Example: Did Susie leave for school yet?
