P 3 =Plagiarism, Publications, and Professional Service Mark S. Daskin Dept. of IE/MS, Northwestern University Evanston, IL 60208 Spring, 2006

P3=Plagiarism, Publications, and Professional Service

Mark S. DaskinDept. of IE/MS, Northwestern University

Evanston, IL 60208

Spring, 2006

May 2006 M. S. Daskin, IE/MS, Northwestern U. 2

Why me in bio-ethics?

“You don’t know anything about bio-ethics!” – Babette R. Levy, 5/10/06

“She’s right!”Editor-in-chief of 2 major journals (8 years)VP publications, INFORMS (4 years)President, INFORMSKnow something about publications overall.

Want to learn about pubs in your field.

Plagiarism, Publications, Professional Service


What is plagiarism?

“If you steal from one author, it’s plagiarism; if you steal from many, it’s research.” • Wilson Mizner (1876–1933), U.S. dramatist,

wit. Quoted in The Legendary Mizners, ch. 4, Alva Johnson (1953). http://www.bartleby.com/66/65/40065.html



What is plagiarism?

Northwestern UniversityPrinciples Regarding Academic Integrity

“submitting material that in part or whole is not entirely one's own work without attributing those same portions to their correct source.”

http://www.northwestern.edu/uacc/uniprin.html

Material to be cited• Quoted Material and

Unusual Opinion or Knowledge

• Interpretation• Paraphrased Material• Using Other Authors'

Examples• Using Other Authors'

Charts and Graphs• Using Class Notes• Debatable Facts• Unusual Facts



What is plagiarism?

“Plagiarism is passing off a source's information, ideas, or words as your own by omitting to cite them

Plagiarism usually takes one of these forms • An uncited idea

• An uncited structure or organizing strategy

• Uncited information or data from a source

• A verbatim phrase or passage that isn't quoted” http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~expos/sources/chap3.html



Publishing and Reviewing – AVOID Plagiarism

Plagiarizing others• Avoid at all costs

• Reference heavily – always better to cite someone than not

Self plagiarism• Failure to adequately

cite related work

• Copying sections, figures, tables from other papers

• Citing your thesis for multiple publications is NOT adequate

You WILL get caught Small world You CAN be banned

from publishing in journals



What is self-plagiarism

“Publication of what is essentially the same paper in more than one journal, but without any indication that the paper has been published elsewhere

Partitioning of a large study which should have been reported in a single paper into smaller published studies

Copyright infringement Practice of text recycling.”

http://facpub.stjohns.edu/~roigm/plagiarism/Self%20plagiarism.html



Impact of self-plagiarism

From letter from MSD to a junior faculty member who submitted very similar papers to IIE Transactions and EJOR. Neither paper cited the other, but both cited his dissertation.• “The editorial board of IIE Transactions has determined that

your submission of a substantially similar paper and your failure to reference the earlier EJOR paper constitute a serious breach of editorial standards. … As a result of this editorial breach, we are prohibiting you from submitting any publications to IIE Transactions for a period of four years beginning August 1, 2003.”

Even self-plagiarism is a great way to ruin your career.



Q: What is this?

You WILL get caught Small world You CAN be banned

from publishing in journals

A: Someone who submitted the same paper to two journals (parallel submission or dual submission)



Dual or parallel submissions andself-plagiarism

“I certify that the manuscript I am submitting for review and publication is not under review at any other journal, will not be submitted for review at another journal until IIE Transactions makes an editorial decision regarding the paper, and has not been published in any other journal.”• You must click that you have read this to

submit a paper to IIE Transactions



Bottom line

Attribute everything whenever you are in doubt

Avoid self plagiarismThou shalt not dual submitCultural differences are not an excuse

and do not matter!!

You will get caught!!



If in doubt?

Reference and cite original

sources!!



Sources – thanks to Wally Hopp!

http://www.writing.northwestern.edu/avoiding_plagiarism.html http://www.northwestern.edu/uacc/plagiar.html http://www.georgetown.edu/honor/plagiarism.html http://www.engineering.uiowa.edu/~ctc/docs/ctc_guides/

ctc_guide_avoiding_plagiarism.html http://www.princeton.edu/pr/pub/integrity/pages/plagiarism.html http://www.depts.drew.edu/composition/Avoiding_Plagiarism.htm



Another Issue – Refereeing

Everyone has a role• Editor

• Department Editor

• Referee

• Author

Author in writing the paper• This paper makes the

following N contributions:

• Contribution should not be 1/15th of your tenure case



Refereeing

Editor• Does the paper conform to

the editorial mission of the journal adequately?

• Reject inappropriate papers quickly

• When communicating back to the author, clearly identify comments that must be responded to

• Take (prudent) risks

Department editor• Is the claimed

contribution important for the field?

• If not, reject quickly



Refereeing

Referee• Does the paper make the

claimed contribution?

• How can the paper be improved?

• Find what is good in the paper – be constructive

• Not to reject everything

• Not to decide if the paper is appropriate for the journal

• It is not your paper.

Author• Respond to comments

• Identify changes in the text (highlight)

• Be timely in your response

• If you submit and expect 3 reviews, you owe the system 3 reviews (divided by number of authors in your paper)



Refereeing

All in the process• Never use material from a paper that you

referee• Don’t drag out refereeing process



Peer Review

Under attack in this country. I don’t know what a good publication is, but I think I know

it when I see it.• “I shall not today attempt further to define the kinds of material

but I know it when I see it.” Justice Potter Stewart (referring to pornography)http://en.thinkexist.com/quotes/Potter_Stewart/

Worst of all systems until you consider the alternatives• “It has been said that democracy is the worst form of government

except all the others that have been tried.” – Winston Churchill http://en.thinkexist.com/quotation/it_has_been_said_that_democracy_is_the_worst_form/15815.html



Service to profession and society

You have been given much• Owe something in

return to Profession Society Country

Crisis in science and math education in US• Find some way

To give back To ensure that others

can follow you


You will get more back than you put in!


Questions – for me? for discussion?

Who should be an author? First author? Corresponding author? Last author? Order of authors?

What is enough for a paper? How long should a paper be under review? How

many times should it be cycled? Do you think peer review will persist? What can you do to avert the national shortage in

math and science students – national crisis?

Documents

P 3 =Plagiarism, Publications, and Professional Service Mark S. Daskin Dept. of IE/MS, Northwestern University Evanston, IL 60208 Spring, 2006