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SRE Seminar:
OTCTraffic Engineering Workshop
‘The Safer Roads Strategy’
Jesse HopkinsVice President
Safe Roads Engineering
Safer Roads Strategy
• Brief MASH Review• Specification Updates• Upcoming MASH Hardware• MTO Roadside Design Manual• Road Safety Hardware Deficiency• Industry Training Needs• Design, Install/Maintenance, Inspection
TOPICS:
‘Objects at Rest, Stay at Rest - Objects in Motion, Stay in Motion’Newton’s First Law of Motion
Safer Roads Strategy
Stopping a Vehicle is Easy
Safer Roads Strategy
Minimizing occupant risk is the challenge.
Safer Roads Strategy
There was a time when knowing everything about Guide Rail was easy…
End Terminals were made of very generic components
Things Have Changed !
MASH - (Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware)
o Developed in 2009 (Updated in 2016)
o Uniform guidelines for crash testing permanent and temporary highway safety products.
o Current Provincial Crash Test Guidelines
Crash Testing Guidelines
Safer Roads Strategy
What Does MASH Test?
o Longitudinal Barrierso Guide Rail, Cable Guide Rail, Barrier
o Crash Cushionso Re-directive and Non Re-Directive
o End Terminalso Shoulder and Median
o Work Zone Attenuation & Channelizationo Truck Mounted Attenuators (TMA)
o Support Structureso Breakaway Signs, Light Poles,
Work Zone Traffic Devices
Safer Roads Strategy
Safer Roads Strategy
Evolution of Standards: Factors Driving Change
HRCS 482: One Page Document, specified vehicle mass, impact speed,
and approach angle
NCHRP Report 153: 16 Page Document, introduced angles (IN SERVICE PERFORMANCE)
NCHRP Report 230: 36 Page Document, added a light car category (VEHICLE UPDATE)
NCHRP Report 350:Introduced pickup truck (VEHICLE UPDATE)
MASH 2009: Critical Update to NCHRP 350
Recently Updated to MASH 2016 (VEHICLE UPDATE & IN SERVICE
PERFORMANCE)
1962
1973 1980
1993
2009
Safer Roads Strategy
Factors Driving Evolution: Vehicle Update
Weight: 2000kg (4409lbs) Weight: 2270kg (5000lbs)
Weight: 820kg (1807lbs) Weight: 1100kg (2420lbs)
Safer Roads Strategy
Specification Updates: Why Update Test Vehicles?
Safer Roads Strategy
Factors Driving Evolution: In-Service Performance1993 NCHRP Report 350 End Terminal Crash Testing Matrix Below:
W4
Safer Roads Strategy
Factors Driving Evolution: In-Service Performance2009 MASH End Terminal Crash Testing Matrix Below:
Safer Roads Strategy
Factors Driving Evolution: In-Service PerformanceTesting Shallow Angle Impact with NCHRP 350 Products
Safer Roads Strategy
Factors Driving Evolution: In-Service PerformanceTesting Shallow Angle Impact with MASH Product
Safety Standards Have Evolved
Safer Roads Strategy
So Has Technology
Safer Roads Strategy
Also Building Code
Safer Roads Strategy
Safer Roads Strategy
Replace in Kind vs Update to Current Standards
Provincial and Municipal Changes
Steel Beam Guide Rail
MASH Exclusive (Type M20 & Type M30)OPSD 912.185 – 912.189Steel Post OnlyReduced Deflection = Decrease Post SpacingOptions available for 2-1 Slope InstallationsGuidance when connecting to NCHRP 350 Guide Rail and Terminals
Specification Updates
Safer Roads Strategy
Steel Beam Guide Rail
No Longer Specifying:- 31” High Guide Rail with Channel- 27-3/4” High Guide Rail with Wood Post- 27-3/4” High Guide Rail with Steel Posts- Guide Rail Spliced at Post
Steel Beam Guide Rail
Currently Specifying:- Type M20: 31” High Guide Rail with Steel Post & 8” Offset Block- Type M30: 31” High Guide Rail with Steel Post & 12” Offset Block- Guide Rail Spliced Mid-Span- Shallow Culvert, Reduced Deflection, & Slope Options
Steel Beam Guide Rail
Steel Post Median Guide Rail:- 31” High Guide Rail- MASH Approved- Contain and Redirect
Steel Beam Guide Rail
Steel Post Median Guide Rail:- 27” High Guide Rail - NCHRP 350 Approved- Does Not Contain and Redirect
MASH Pickup Truck
Steel Beam Guide Rail
Innovation Through Crash Worthy Equivalence
(All Tested to MASH TL3)
Provincial and Municipal Changes
End Terminals
MASH ExclusiveOPSD 922.165 – MASH Soft StopOPSD 922.186 – MASH SKTOPSD 922.171 – MASH Max TensionAn Update to NCHRP 350 TerminalsGuidance available when connecting to NCHRP 350 Guide Rail
Specification Updates
Safer Roads Strategy
End Terminal
ET Plus X-LiteSKT 350
No Longer Specifying:- ET Plus (Wood or Steel Post)- SKT (Wood or Steel Post)- X-Lite- CCAT 350- Limit Private Entrance Use(OPSD 912.531)
End Terminal
Eccentric Loader Private Entrance Treatment
No Longer Specifying:- ET Plus (Wood or Steel Post)- SKT (Wood or Steel Post)- X-Lite- CCAT 350- Limit Private Entrance Use (OPSD 912.531)
End Terminal
No Longer Specifying:- ET Plus (Wood or Steel Post)- SKT (Wood or Steel Post)- X-Lite- CCAT 350- Limit Private Entrance Use (OPSD 912.531)
Attempted Update to the Eccentric Loader
System
End Terminal
Currently Specifying:- MASH SoftStop Terminal- MASH Sequential Kinking Terminal (MSKT)- MASH Max Tension Terminal
MASH SKTMASH SoftStop MASH Max Tension
End Terminal
Currently Specifying:- MASH SoftStop- MASH Sequential Kinking Terminal (MSKT)- MASH Max Tension Terminal
MASH Sequential Kinking Terminal (SKT)
End Terminal
Currently Specifying:- MASH SoftStop- MASH Sequential Kinking Terminal (MSKT)- MASH Max Tension Terminal
MASH SoftStop
Provincial and Municipal ChangesTemporary Concrete Barrier TCB To Concrete Transition
Temporary Construction Barrier - Special Provision
Eliminated I-Lock Barrier
Type T and Type J (Type J – Modified)
Type X – Unanchored Reduced Deflection
Steel Barrier
Specification Updates
Safer Roads Strategy 2019
Temporary Construction BarrierMTO Special Provision 741S03:
MTO Special Provision 741S03:
MTO Special Provision Requires CDED B741 2019 –Deflection Category Breakdown
Temporary Construction Barrier
No Longer Specifying:- I-Lock Temporary Concrete Barrier- I-Lock Barrier Tapered Ends
Temporary Construction Barrier
No Longer Specifying:- I-Lock Temporary Concrete Barrier- I-Lock Barrier Tapered Ends
Temporary Construction Barrier
Provincial and Municipal Changes
Cable Guide Rail
MASH ExclusiveOPSD 913.220 – 913.255Steel Post System with ¾” CableReduced Deflection = Decrease Post SpacingOptions available for 2-1 Slope InstallationsTreated/Anchored with NCHRP 350 End Terminals
Specification Updates
Safer Roads Strategy
Cable Guide Rail
No Longer Specifying:- Cedar Post Cable Guide Rail
Cable Guide Rail:Ontario 3 Cable Guide Rail Crash Test
Cable Guide Rail
Currently Specifying:- Gregory Safence High Tension Cable Guide Rail- Gregory Safence High Tension Cable Guide Rail
End Terminal
Cable Guide Rail
Currently Specifying:- Gregory Safence High Tension Cable Guide Rail- Gregory Safence High Tension Cable Guide Rail
End Terminal
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency ReviewOverview
• There is a need for objective, quantitative criteria in the form of guidelines for assessing damage and deterioration and also determining when a longitudinal barrier requires repair or can remain in service.
• Example: Snowplows often bend steel beam guide rail and sometimes bend or break posts along with it. How are we currently assessing this damage and do we have guidance, research, or testing behind it?
Damage or deterioration may compromise road safety hardware structural integrity and overall crash worthiness
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency ReviewAt SRE,
We utilize a tiered severity index to inspect road side safety hardware that is based on crash testing, lab reports, in-service performance evaluation, computer simulation, and our industry experience.
• High Priority: (Non-Functional) System is completely compromised and a secondary impact will likely lead to unacceptable barrier performance.
• Medium Priority: (Compromised) The damage is less likely to result in an unacceptable barrier performance than High Priority.
• Low Priority: (Minor Damage) Should not impair the systems performance.
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Leaning Guide Rail
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Leaning Guide Rail(18 Degree Incline)
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Leaning Guide Rail(9 Degree Incline)
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Low Guide Rail
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Low Guide Rail(23 Inch Mounting Height)
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
MASH Guide Rail(31 Inch Mounting Height)
Mounting Height Reflective of MASH Testing
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Low Guide Rail(27-3/4” Inch Mounting Height)
Mounting Height Reflective of NCHRP 350 Testing
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Butt End Structure ConnectionPost Spacing
Rectangular Washers
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Dated Structure Connection Crash Test
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Low Cable Height (12” Top of Cable)
Note: Granular Sealing
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Cable Outside of Sag ToleranceSlope must be 3:1 or Flatter
Cable Guide Rail:Weak Post Cable – Slope = 1.5:1
Cable Guide Rail:Weak Post Cable – Slope = 1.5:1
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Radius Guide Rail (Driveway Wrap)
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Guide Rail Driveway Wrap Crash Test
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Guide Rail Driveway Wrap Crash Test
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Hazard Within Working Width- Non Breakaway
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Breakaway Light Pole Within Guide Rail Working Width
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Breakaway Light Pole Within Guide Rail Working Width
Safer Roads Strategy
Road Safety Hardware: Deficiency Review
Cable DetachedLag Screw Failure
High Foundation Tube
Safer Roads Strategy
Industry Training NeedsOverview
• Currently, in Ontario, there are no guidelines or requirements regarding minimum road side safety hardware training for installation, maintenance, and inspection.
• Throughout the US, Department of Transportation Agencies are all working towards setting a baseline training requirement for all employees installing, repairing, and inspecting roadside hardware.
We are working with sophisticated, engineered, crash tested product…We have raised the bar with MASH, is it not time to also raise the bar
with respect to training and product knowledge?
Designer Training
Installation/Maintenance Training
Inspection Training
SRE Roadside Safety Training:We have created Three separate training sessions that can be delivered to a broad
spectrum of road safety professionals.
Safer Roads Strategy
SRE Roadside Safety Training:We have created Three separate training sessions that can be delivered to a broad
spectrum of road safety professionals.
Designer Training
• Review crash tested products and their design principles• Understanding design parameters from the updated Roadside Design Manual• Hazard assessment and mitigation• Understanding the Clear Zone Concept
Safer Roads Strategy
SRE Roadside Safety Training:We have created Three separate training sessions that can be delivered to a broad
spectrum of road safety professionals.
• Individual sessions based on longitudinal barrier and high tension cable • Review installation procedures for end treatments and crash cushions• MASH and NCHRP Report 350 Guidelines• Review safe installation practices for road side safety devices
Installation / Maintenance
Training
Safer Roads Strategy
SRE Roadside Safety Training:We have created Three separate training sessions that can be delivered to a broad
spectrum of road safety professionals.
• Enhanced product knowledge sessions• Review best practices with regards to repair vs replace vs leave in situ• MASH and NCHRP Report 350 Guidelines• Proper damage/repair assessment techniques• Best practices – Road Safety Hardware Damage/Repair Documentation
Inspection Training
Safer Roads Strategy
SRE Roadside Safety Credentials:
Manufacturer Delivered Train the Trainer Sessions
SRE Roadside Safety Credentials:
Manufacturer Delivered Train the Trainer Sessions
SRE Roadside Safety Credentials:
Manufacturer Delivered Train the Trainer Sessions
SRE Roadside Safety Credentials:
Manufacturer Delivered Train the Trainer Sessions
SRE Roadside Safety Credentials:
Manufacturer Delivered Train the Trainer Sessions
Safer Roads Strategy
Roadside Crashes are Chaotic Events
Dodge Charger Crash at OPC- 140 km/hr- Head On- 24m Concrete Barrier
Safer Roads Strategy
Our Goal is to Decrease Their Frequency and Severity Through the Safer Roads Strategy
Safer Roads
Strategy
Vision / Knowledge
Training
Design
Installation/Maintenance
Inspection
ImprovedDocumentation
In Summary
SRE is able to assist any agency in their goal towards a Safer Roads
Strategy through the elements we have discussed in this module
Please do not hesitate to contact our group for more information
regarding training, crash worthiness, stamped drawings,
asset assessments, and inspections
Safer Roads Strategy
Jesse HopkinsVice President
Safe Roads Engineering
OTC Traffic Engineering Workshop
The Safer Roads Strategy – End Module