Novasil, Mycotoxin Binder

8/19/2019 Novasil, Mycotoxin Binder

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MycotoxinsMycotoxins andandAnimal NutritionAnimal Nutrition

TrouwTrouw Nutrition HifeedNutrition Hifeed

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ApakahApakah mycotoxinsmycotoxins ??

Mycotoxins adalah racun , sisa metabolite jamur

Fungispores


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ApakahApakah mycotoxinsmycotoxins ??

•Bijian•Jagung•Kacang tanah

•Bahan baku dari tumbuhan yg lain

Mudah terinfeksi jamur.

Kelembaban dan panas mempengaruhi pertumbuhan jamuryg memperoduksi mikotoksin

Silo – silo di daerah tropis memiliki mikroklimate yang idealuntuk pertumbuhan jamur, karena adanya proseskondensasi yang diakibatkan oleh tingginya fluktuasitemperatur sepanjang hari.


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FungiFungi growthgrowth in silo’sin silo’s

3. Jamur tumbuhkarena akumulasikelambaban padabagian atas.

Distribusi kelembabandalam Silo :

1. Evaporasi padasiang hari (saattemperatur tinggi )

2. Kondensasi saat

malam hari saattemperatur rendah

2.

1.

3.


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JenisJenis mycotoxinsmycotoxins

Terdapat spesies jamur yang berbeda , yg menghasilkan 5group mikotoksin.

•Aflatoxins

•Zearalenone

•Trichothecenes•Fumonisins

•Ochatroxin A


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EffekEffek masuknya mycotoxinmasuknya mycotoxin

Mikotoksin menghambat berbagai efek biologisMikotoksin menghambat berbagai efek biologis

dalam tubuh hewan setelah ia masuk :dalam tubuh hewan setelah ia masuk :

•• Keracunan hati dan ginjalKeracunan hati dan ginjal

•• Kegagalan system syaraf utamaKegagalan system syaraf utama

•• Menyebabkan problem fertilitas dan reproduksiMenyebabkan problem fertilitas dan reproduksi

Efek biologis terlihat dalam berbagai tingkatanEfek biologis terlihat dalam berbagai tingkatantergantung padatergantung pada

Jumlah mikotoksin yang masukJumlah mikotoksin yang masuk


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EffekEffek dari keracunandari keracunan

Kerugian

Pada ternak

Phase 4: Kematian

Tingkat kontaminasi mikotoksin

Phase 1: Penurunan produktivitas; pertum

Buhan lambat, penurunan produksi,

Immune suppression.

Phase 2: Kejadian penyakit meningkat

(secondary infections) karena immune

suppresion

Phase 3: Gejala klinis kerusakan

terget organ yg spesifik dengan

type mikotoksin yg mengkontaminasi

0


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SOLUSI :SOLUSI : DetoxifikasiDetoxifikasi

Terdapat 2 prinsipTerdapat 2 prinsip detoxifikasi:detoxifikasi:

1.1. ToxinToxin--bindingbinding

2.2. EnzymaticEnzymatic breakdownbreakdown

Keduanya diterapkan untuk mikotoksinKeduanya diterapkan untuk mikotoksin

yang berbeda.yang berbeda.


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1.1. ToxinToxin--bindingbinding

•• Didasarkan pada polaritas elektrik toksin.Didasarkan pada polaritas elektrik toksin.

•• ToxinToxin akan diikat oleh toxinakan diikat oleh toxin bindersbinders untukuntuk

mencegah absorbsi yg dilakukan oleh saluranmencegah absorbsi yg dilakukan oleh salurancerna.cerna.

TOX.


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2.2. EnzymaticEnzymatic breakdownbreakdown

•• Berdasarkan konversi enzimatik toksinBerdasarkan konversi enzimatik toksin

TOX.

TOX.

ENZYME

TOX.

TOX.


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Kapan dan harus menggunakanKapan dan harus menggunakan

apa..???apa..???

Dua prinsip detoksifikasi seharusnya digunakanDua prinsip detoksifikasi seharusnya digunakan

pada situasi yang benar.pada situasi yang benar.

Binding/ Pengikatan :Binding/ Pengikatan :

•• Digunakan untukDigunakan untuk AflatoxinsAflatoxins andand OchratoxinOchratoxin A,A,

karena sifatkarena sifat electricelectric polarity toksinpolarity toksin

EnzymaticEnzymatic breakdown:breakdown:

•• Digunakan untuk mykotoksin yg lain.Digunakan untuk mykotoksin yg lain.

((ZearalenoneZearalenone,, TrichothecenesTrichothecenes,, FumonisinsFumonisins))


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PresencePresence ofof toxinstoxins in thein the worldworld

OthersAflatoxins


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What products canWhat products can TrouwTrouw

NutritionNutrition offeroffer youyou??

Mengatasi aflatoxinsMengatasi aflatoxins dan ochratoxinsdan ochratoxins::

Mengatasi semua Mycotoksin :Mengatasi semua Mycotoksin :


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WhatWhat isis ??

•• NamaNama Generic Hydrated Sodium CalciumGeneric Hydrated Sodium Calcium

AluminosilicateAluminosilicate (HSCAS)(HSCAS)

•• LebihLebih spesifikspesifik ,, dikenaldikenal sebagaisebagai CalciumCalciumMontmorilloniteMontmorillonite

•• SumberSumber mineralmineral alamialami ;; MenggunakanMenggunakanteknologiteknologi ygyg tepattepat,, ketersediaanketersediaan,,

ditambangditambang,, diprosesdiproses dgndgn telititeliti

•• ProdukProduk akhirakhir memilikimemiliki luasluas permukaanpermukaaninternal > 1,000 meterinternal > 1,000 meter--persegipersegi per gramper gram

y


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How doesHow does NovasilplusNovasilplus work?work?

•• When it’s in solution; I.e.When it’s in solution; I.e.when taken in by thewhen taken in by theanimalanimal

•• (left picture)(left picture) ScanningScanningelectron micrograph ofelectron micrograph ofproductproduct (a(a spongelikespongelike PSC thatPSC thatbindsbinds aflatoxinsaflatoxins in the GI tract ofin the GI tract ofanimals) 4,500 xanimals) 4,500 x

•• The interaction withThe interaction withCalcium (metal ion) in theCalcium (metal ion) in theinterlamellarinterlamellar region,region,being the major part ofbeing the major part of

the adsorption ofthe adsorption ofmycotoxinsmycotoxins to theto theNovasilplusNovasilplus formationformationof aof a chelatechelate

y


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SITES OF AfB1 ADSORPTION TO1

NOVASILPLUS

Edge site

Edge site

Interlayer

surface

Basal surface

y

DOCKING AND CHELATION OF AFB AT


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DOCKING AND CHELATION OF AFB1

METAL EDGE SITES IN NOVASILPLUS

1 AT

Chelation of metal ions in Novasil

by the β -dicarbonyl moiety in AfB 1

Aflatoxin B1

O

O

O

O CH3O

O

M

H

H

Chemical structure

Novasilplus

AfB1

MOLECULAR VISUALIZATION OF PROPOSED EDGE SITE MECHANISM

y


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KenapaKenapa ??

Penelitian independent telahPenelitian independent telah

membuktikan bahwa NovaSil plus adalahmembuktikan bahwa NovaSil plus adalah

binder aflatoxin terbaik di dunia...binder aflatoxin terbaik di dunia...

y


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Novasil/NovasilplusNovasil/Novasilplus ResearchesResearches (1)(1)

AnimalAnimal

TypeTypeMycotoxinMycotoxin Research TypeResearch Type Who did itWho did it WhatWhat

PublicationPublication

ChickensChickens AflatoxinAflatoxin B1,B1,

up to 3.5ppmup to 3.5ppm

&& OchratoxinOchratoxinA1 up to 2ppmA1 up to 2ppm

In Vivo USDA/UniversityIn Vivo USDA/University

trialstrialsDr. TD PhillipsDr. TD Phillips –– TAMUTAMU

Dr. LFDr. LF KubenaKubena, Dr. RB, Dr. RB

Harvey & Dr. WE HuffHarvey & Dr. WE Huff–– USDAUSDA

1992 Poultry1992 Poultry

Science 71; 64Science 71; 64--

6969



& DAS up to& DAS up to

5ppm5ppm


trialstrialsDr. TD PhillipsDr. TD Phillips –– TAMUTAMU

Dr. LFDr. LF KubenaKubena et alet al ––

USDAUSDA

Dr. GEDr. GE RottinghausRottinghaus ––University of MissouriUniversity of Missouri



5959

ChickensChickens NoNo mycotoxinmycotoxin

contaminationcontaminationIn Vivo University trials;In Vivo University trials;

check if any negativecheck if any negative

effects from addition ofeffects from addition of

Novasil to dietsNovasil to diets

Dr. DH Baker & Dr. TKDr. DH Baker & Dr. TK

ChungChung –– University ofUniversity of

IllinoisIllinois

J.J. AnimAnim.. SciSci..

1990; 68: 19921990; 68: 1992--

19981998

ChickensChickens AflatoxinAflatoxin B1 upB1 upto 3.5ppmto 3.5ppm

In Vivo USDA/UniversityIn Vivo USDA/Universitytrials; also to check iftrials; also to check if

any negative effects fromany negative effects from

addition of Novasil toaddition of Novasil to

diets withdiets with VirginiamycinVirginiamycin

Dr. TD PhillipsDr. TD Phillips –– TAMUTAMU


USDAUSDA

1995 Poultry1995 PoultryScience 74; 626Science 74; 626--

632632

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AnimalAnimal

TypeType

MycotoxinMycotoxin ResearchResearchTypeType

Who did itWho did it What PublicationWhat Publication

Studies InStudies In

Vitro &Vitro &

then Inthen In

VivoVivostudiesstudies

withwith

ChickensChickens

AlfatoxinAlfatoxin B1,B1,

up to 7.5ppmup to 7.5ppmRadioactivityRadioactivity

labeledlabeled

markers formarkers for

adsorptionadsorptiontests; in vitrotests; in vitro

(TLC) and in(TLC) and in

vivovivo

Dr. Timothy PhillipsDr. Timothy Phillips

–– TAMUTAMU

Dr.LeonDr.Leon KubenaKubena &&

Dr. Roger HarveyDr. Roger Harvey ––USDAUSDA

!988 Poultry Science 67;!988 Poultry Science 67;

243243--247247

Vet. HumVet. Hum ToxicolToxicol 3232

(Supplement) 1990; 15(Supplement) 1990; 15--1919Natural Toxins 3; 204Natural Toxins 3; 204--213213

(1995)(1995)

The Toxicology ofThe Toxicology of AflatoxinsAflatoxins;;

383383--406406

ChickensChickens AflatoxinAflatoxin B1 upB1 upto 7.5ppmto 7.5ppm

In Vivo USDA/In Vivo USDA/UniversityUniversity

trialstrials

Dr. Timothy Phillips,Dr. Timothy Phillips,Dr. DEDr. DE CorrierCorrier & Dr.& Dr.

WE HuffWE Huff –– TAMUTAMU

Dr. LFDr. LF KubenaKubena & Dr.& Dr.

RB HarveyRB Harvey –– USDAUSDA

1990 Poultry Science 69;1990 Poultry Science 69;727727--735735

ChickensChickens AflatoxinAflatoxin B1 upB1 up

to 5ppmto 5ppm

In Vivo USDA/In Vivo USDA/

UniversityUniversitytrialstrials

Dr. TD Phillips & Dr.Dr. TD Phillips & Dr.

BA ClementBA Clement –– TAMUTAMUDr. LFDr. LF KubenaKubena & Dr.& Dr.

RB HarveyRB Harvey –– USDAUSDA

1993 Poultry Science 72;1993 Poultry Science 72;

651651--657657

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AnimalAnimal

TypeTypeMycotoxinMycotoxin Research TypeResearch Type Who did itWho did it WhatWhat

PublicationPublication



& T& T--2 toxin (T2 toxin (T--

2) up to 8ppm2) up to 8ppm


trialstrialsDr. TD PhillipsDr. TD Phillips ––

TAMUTAMU


USDAUSDA

Dr. GEDr. GE RottinghausRottinghaus ––

University of MissouriUniversity of Missouri



10861086

TurkeysTurkeys AflatoxinAflatoxin, up to, up to

1ppm1ppmIn Vivo USDA/UniversityIn Vivo USDA/University

trialstrialsDr. TD PhillipsDr. TD Phillips ––

TAMUTAMU

Dr. LFDr. LF KubenaKubena et alet al ––USDAUSDA



18301830

MinkMink ZearalenoneZearalenone

up to 20ppmup to 20ppmIn Vivo University trialsIn Vivo University trials SJSJ BusianBusian, RJ, RJ

AulerichAulerich, JK Cameron,, JK Cameron,

NK Ames & BANK Ames & BA

SteficekSteficek –– MichiganMichigan

State UniversityState University

Journal of AppliedJournal of Applied

Toxicology, Vol.Toxicology, Vol.

12(2); 8512(2); 85--9090

(1990)(1990)

LambsLambs AflatoxinAflatoxin up toup to

2.6ppm2.6ppmIn Vivo USDA/UniversityIn Vivo USDA/University

trialstrialsDr. TD Phillips et alDr. TD Phillips et al ––

TAMUTAMU


USDAUSDA

American JournalAmerican Journal

of Veterinaryof Veterinary

Research, Vol. 52,Research, Vol. 52,

No. 1; 152No. 1; 152--156156

(January 1991)(January 1991)

ny


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UnmatchedUnmatched bindingbinding capacitycapacity

Publicated by

Dr. Pimdukdee

of the

Khon Kaen

University

Thailand in

“Thailand Feed

and Livestock”

December 2003

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There are too many products in theThere are too many products in the


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compan There are too many products in theThere are too many products in the

market, how to make a good choice?market, how to make a good choice?

•• What’s the material;What’s the material;

Kaolin,Kaolin, ZeoliteZeolite, Sodium, Sodium

BentoniteBentonite or Calciumor Calcium

MontmorilloniteMontmorillonite??•• Is the mine(s) andIs the mine(s) and

processing plant(s)processing plant(s)

known?known?

•• How much researches,How much researches,

especially Inespecially In--Vivo ones,Vivo ones,

had been done?had been done?

•• How much have theHow much have theproducts passed experts’products passed experts’

previews?previews? –– What JournalWhat Journal

Publications?Publications?

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O O O O CPREVENTION OF HEPATOTOXICITY


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PREVENTION OF HEPATOTOXICITY

IN CHICKS BY HSCAS

PREVENTION OF HEPATOTOXICITY

IN CHICKS BY HSCAS

AfB 1 + 0.5% HSCAS AfB 1 (7.5 ppm)

MECHANISM OF ACTION:

Adsorption of aflatoxins in the gastrointestinal tractand decrease in bioavailability to the blood and

tissues.

References: Phillips, T.D. et al. (1988). Poult. Sci. 67:243-247.

Phillips, T.D. et al. (1994). Toxicology of Aflatoxins, Academic Press, pp. 383-406.

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AFLATOXIN-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITYAFLATOXIN-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY


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compan AFLATOXIN INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY

IN PIGS: PROTECTION WITH HSCAS

AFLATOXIN INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY

IN PIGS: PROTECTION WITH HSCAS

Aflatoxin Control AfL + 0.5% HSCAS

PHOTOMICROGRAPHS OF LIVER PHOTOMICROGRAPHS OF LIVER

Hepatic portal triad

showing fibrosis (Left)

and protection (Right)

References: Harvey et al. (1989). Am. J. Vet. Res. 50:416-420.

Harvey et al. (1994). J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 6:88-92.

ny EFFECTS OF AFLATOXIN AND SORBENTSEFFECTS OF AFLATOXIN AND SORBENTS


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Experimental Treatments

0

20

40

60

80

100

% R e

s o r p t i o n s

Untreated HSCAS + Corn OilZeo + Corn Oil

AFB1 HSCAS + AFB1 Zeo + AFB!

EFFECTS OF AFLATOXIN AND SORBENTS

ON EMBRYOLETHALITYON EMBRYOLETHALITY

Control A HSCAS/A Zeo/A

A - Aflatoxin B1

Zeo - Zeolite (clinoptilolite)

HSCAS - NovaSil

Reference: Mayura et al. (1998). Toxicol. Sci. 41:175-182.

any TAMU Studies show Novasil &TAMU Studies show Novasil & NovasilplusNovasilplus


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compa TAMU Studies show Novasil &TAMU Studies show Novasil & NovasilplusNovasilplus

do not bind away nutrients (Vit A)do not bind away nutrients (Vit A)

any

h dU h d bi dibi di ii


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UnmatchedUnmatched bindingbinding capacitycapacity

any

A Look at a CrossA Look at a Cross--Section of a MineSection of a Mine


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compa A Look at a CrossA Look at a Cross Section of a MineSection of a Mine

Picture taken from Feed Mix Magazine,Vol.8 No.1Picture taken from Feed Mix Magazine,Vol.8 No.1 -- 20002000

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I l i tI l i t d t td t t ltlt


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Inclusion ratesInclusion rates and testand test resultsresults

any


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Novasil, Mycotoxin Binder