These are notes created by Bhavna Chawla on Sandhi.

Notes- Sandhi

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संधि

संधि का अर्थ हैं मेल संधि दो शब्दों के बीच में होती हैं Rules of sandhi:

We need to know the last letter of the first word and the first letter of the second words

These two letters combines to form a new letter/letters

There may be change/no change in these two letters

There is no change in other letters

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अ/आ + अ/आ = आIf the last letter of the first word has a sound of अ or आ and the first letter of the second word is अ/आ then it gets converted into आ

अ + अ = आसूर्थ + अस्त = सूर्ाथस्त

अ + आ = आिमथ + आत्मा = िमाथत्मा

आ + अ = आविद्र्ा + अर्ी = विद्र्ार्ी

आ + आ = आ विद्र्ा + आलर् = विद्र्ालर्

स्िर संधि --दीर्थ संधि

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•

दीर्थ संधि इ/ई + इ/ई = ईIf the last letter of the first word has a sound of इ or ई and the first letter

of the second word is इ / ई then it gets converted into ई

इ + इ = ईरवि + इंद्र = रिींद्र

इ + ई = ईकवि + ईश = किीश

ई + इ = ईमही + इंद्र = महींद्र

ई + ई = ईसती + ईश = सतीश

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दीर्थ संधिउ/ ऊ + उ/ ऊ = ऊ

If the last letter of the first word has a sound of उ or ऊ and the first letter of the second word is उ/ऊ then it gets converted into ऊ

उ + उ = ऊभानु + उदर् = भानूदर्

उ + ऊ = ऊ

ऊ + उ = ऊगुरु + उपदेश = गुरूपदेश

ऊ + ऊ = ऊ भू + ऊर्ाथ = भूर्ाथ

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गुण संधि• अ/आ + इ/ई = ए

If the last letter of the first word has a sound of अ/आ and the first letter of the second word is इ/ई then it gets converted into ए

अ + इ = एदेि + इंद्र = देिेन्द्द्र

अ + ई = एपरम + ईश्िर = परमेश्िर

आ + इ = एमहा + इंद्र = महेंद्र

आ + ई = ए महा + ईश = महेश

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गुण संधि अ/आ + ओ/औ =औ

If the last letter of the first word has a sound of अ or आ and the first letter of the second word is ओ / औ then it gets converted into औ

अ + ओ = औिन + ओषधि = िनौषधि

आ +ओ = औ महा+ ओर्स्िी = महौर्स्िी

अ + औ = औपरम + औदार्थ = परमौदार्थ

आ + औ = औ महा + औषद = महौषद

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गुण संधि अ/आ +उ / ऊ = ओ

If the last letter of the first word has a sound of अ or आ and the first letter of the second word is उ /ऊ then it gets converted into ओ

अ + उ = ओसूर्थ + उदर् = सूर्ोदर्

आ + उ = ओमहा + उत्सि = महोत्सि

अ + ऊ = ओ

आ + ऊ = ओ

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िवृि संधि अ/आ + ए / ऐ = ऐ

If the last letter of the first word has a sound of अ or आ and the first letter of the second word is ए / ऐ then it gets converted into ऐ

अ + ए = ऐएक + एक = एकैक

आ + ए = ऐसदा + एि = सदैि

अ + ऐ = ऐमत + ऐक्र्ा = मतैक्र्

आ + ऐ = ऐमहा + ऐश्िर्थ = महैश्िर्थ

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र्ण संधि इ/ई + अ/आ =र्

If the last letter of the first word has a sound of इ or ई and the first letter of the second word is अ/आ then it gets converted into र् and the last letter of he first word becomes half

इ + अ = र् अतत + अधिक = अत्र्धिक अतत + अंत = अत्र्ंत

इ + आ = र्

इतत + आदद = इत्र्ादद

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र्ण संधि इ + उ = र्

उपरर + र्ुक्त उपर्ुथक्त

इ + ऊ = र्ूवि + ऊह = व्र्ूह

इ + ए = रे् प्रतत + एक = प्रत्रे्क

ई + ऐ = र्ै देिी + एश्िर्थ = देिैश्िर्थ

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र्ण संधि उ + अ = ि

सु + अच्छ = स्िच्छ

उ + आ = िासु + आगत = स्िागत

उ + ए = िेअनु + एषण = अन्द्िेषण

उ + इ = विअनु + इतत = अन्न्द्ितत

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विसगथ संधि If the first letter of the second word contains त or स

then it becomes half स

नमः + ते = नमस्ते

तनः + संतान = तनस्संतान

तनः + तेर् = तनस्तेर्

द:ु + साहस = दसु्साहस

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विसगथ संधि If the first letter is तन: and the first letter of second

word is र then it gets replaced by नी

तन: + रोग = नीरोग

तनः + रस = नीरस

तनः + रि = नीरि

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विसगथ संधि• If any of क,ख, प फ is the first letter of second word

then there is no change

प्रातः + काल = प्रातःकाल

अंत:+ करण = अंत:करण

अि: + पतन = अि:पतन

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विसगथ संधि If the letter before visarg contains इ/उ and the first letter of the second word is

either क,ख, ट,ठ, प, फ then विसगथ becomes half ष

तन: + कलंक=तनष्कलंक

तन: + फल = तनष्फल

द:ु+ कमथ = दषु्कमथ

तन:+ पाप=तनष्पाप

बदह + कार = बदहष्कार

द:ु + कर = दषु्कर

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विसगथ संधि If the letter before visarg contains इ/उ/ई then विसगथ becomes half r

तन: + आशा = तनराशा

तन:+ आहार = तनराहार

बदह: + मखु = बदहमुथख

द:ु + लभ = दलुथभ

तन: + िन = तनिथन

आशी: + िाद = आशीिाथद

द:ु + उपर्ोग = दरुुपर्ोग

तन: + गुण = तनगुथण

द:ु + र्न = दरु्थन

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विसगथ संधि If the first letter of the second word is च or छ then it

becomes half श

तन:+ चल = तनश्चल

तन : + छल = तनश्छल

अत: + एि = अतएि

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व्र्ंर्न संधि If ‘ ल’ comes after त र्ा द then it becomes half ल

उत + लेख = उल्लेख

उत + लास= उल्लास

शरद + लास= शरल्लास

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व्र्ंर्न संधि If र्/झ comes after त र्ा द then it becomes ज्र्

सत + र्न = सज्र्न

उत + ज्िल = उज्र्िल

उद + झदटका = उज्झदटकाBhavna Classes - Copyright

व्र्ंर्न संधिIf the last letter of the first word is त/द and the first letter of the second word

is च/छ then त/द becomes च and श becomes छ

उत + चारण = उच्चारण

सत + चररत्र = सच्चररत्र

उत + श्िास = उच्छिास

उत + शशष्ट = उन्च्छष्ट

तत + शशि = तन्च्छि

सद + शास्त्र = सच्छस्त्र

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व्र्ंर्न संधि• If the first letter of the second word is छ then it becomes च्छ

अनु + छेद = अनुच्छेद

छत्र + छार्ा = छत्रच्छार्ा

आ+ छादन = आच्छादन

परर + छेद = पररच्छेद

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व्र्ंर्न संधि If the last letter of the first word is म ्then it becomes अनुस्िार

सम ्+ गम = संगम

सम ्+ चर् = संचर्

सम ्+ तोष = संतोष

सम ्+ बंि = संबंि

सम ्+ कल्प = संकल्प

सम ्+ लाप = संलाप

सम+् िाद = संिाद

अहम ्+ कार = अहंकार

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व्र्ंर्न संधि• If the first letter of second word is स then it becomes ष

अशभ + सेक = अशभषेक

तन + सेि = तनषेि

वि + सम= विषम

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व्र्ंर्न संधि If the first letter of second word is either म or न

then the last letter of the first word becomes the last word of series

र्गत + नार् = र्गन्द्नार्सत + मागथ = सन्द्मागथधचत + मर् = धचन्द्मर्उत + मत = उन्द्मत

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व्र्ंर्न संधि• The न of the second word becomes ण

राम + आर्न =रामार्ण

परर + नाम = पररणाम

मर + अन = मरण

प्र + मान = प्रमाण

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व्र्ंर्न संधि If the second letter of the first word is त/द and the

first letter of the second word is र्/झ then त/दbecomes half र्

सत + र्न = सज्र्न

उद + झदटका = उज्ज्झादटका

उत + ज्िल = उज्र्िल

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व्र्ंर्न संधि If the second letter of the first word is त/द and the first letter of the

second word is ट / ड then त/द becomes half त or half ड तत + टीका = तट्टीका बहृत ्+ टीका = बहृट्टीका If the second letter of the first word is त/द and the first letter of the

second word is च/छ then त/द becomes half च उत + चारण = उच्चारण सत + चररत्र = सच्चररत्र

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व्र्ंर्न संधिHere the second letter of the first word becomes third

letterof that series

क -> गत -> द

ददक् + गर् = ददग्गर्ददक् + अम्बर = ददगंबरिाक्+ ईश = िागीशसत + गतत = सद्गततसत + गतत = सद्गततसत + िाणी = सद्िाणी

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Some exceptions

नर्न = ने + अन

पिन = पो + अन

नार्क = नै + अक

नाविक= नौ + इक

पािक = पौ + अक

भािुक = भौ + उक

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