Next Generation Wireless Systemswith SDR

IntroductionNational Instruments’ software defined radio platforms provide an integrated hardware and software solution for rapid prototyping high

performance wireless communication systems. Within this book, you will find individual use-cases where National Instruments’ hardware

and/or software was used as an integral tool to accelerate prototyping and design. This comprehensive look at the technology will offer

you a more compelling case while also providing perspective.

For additional information or questions, please feel free to contact me.

James Kimery

Director of RF & Communications

james.kimery@ni.com

Table of Contents

Cooperative Mimo: System Design And Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

WSComm: Wireless Spectrum Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Millimeter-Wave Cellular Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Timing and Carrier Synchronization for

Coordinated Multi-point Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

A New Separation Framework for Wireless Protocol Implementation . . . 14

FPGA Implementation of a Message-Passing OFDM

Receiver for Impulsive Noise Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Using USRP and LabVIEW™ for Satcom Teaching and Research . . . . . . . . 18

Microwave Research and Education at Texas Tech University . . . . . . . . . 20

Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing: A Prototype of Next

Generation Cellular PHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Large Scale MIMO Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Turbo Decoder Using NI LabVIEW™ Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

About the RF & Communications TeamNational Instruments established several lead user programs to facilitate next-generation research in areas including controls,

mechatronics, and robotics with a common goal of rapidly moving from theory to prototype. The lead user program was established in

2010 and currently includes 10 research institutions encompassing multiple 5G communications aspects. Many researchers around the

world are making significant contributions to 5G research based on the foundational work completed by the lead user program.

Milos JorgovanovicMilos Jorgovanovic received his Dipl. Ing. degree in Electrical Engineering from University of Belgrade, Serbia in 2007 and MSc degree

from University of California at Berkeley in 2010. He is currently working towards his Ph.D. degree at University of California at Berkeley

under guidance of Prof. Borivoje Nikolic.

He held internship positions with Kodak European Research Center in Cambridge, UK (2006), Technical University of Berlin, Germany (2009),

Samsung Mobile in Richardson, TX (2010) and Qualcomm Inc. (2012, 2013). His research interests include MIMO detection algorithms and

architectures, wireless communication systems design, signal processing for digital communications and digital integrated circuit design.

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Final Use of NI Platform

Current Implementation• 1x1x2 cooperative MIMO implemented with

mix of SW, HW• Currently not over-the-air (but coming soon!)

Joint Decoder: Block Diagram

Joint Decoder: SW to HW• Joint codes under development, so need

flexible decoder • SW simulation in C++• Serial HW architecture in Verilog• Use IP integration node to integrate into

LabVIEW™ FPGA

Joint Decoding• Run message passing algorithm on

joint graph • Q-nodes link corresponding relay and

source symbols• Complexity grows linearly with # relays

MIMO Detector• MMSE-SIC detector used for lower

complexity and to fit into DBLAST space-time scheme

• Uses square-root algorithm for calculating filter coeffs.

Simulation Results• Significant data rate increase with

multiple relays.

Simulation Scenarios

Relay Scheduling • Ideally optimize cut-set capacity as a fxn of

all relay listening times– Requires global channel knowledge at

each relay– Exponential feedback overhead• Instead, relays decide listening time based

on local knowledge

Coding Scheme • Use quantize-map-and-forward

cooperation scheme • Relays listen for fraction of time, then

quantize and re-encode their observations• Simple relay operations, but complex

processing at best.

Motivation• Increase spatial DOF by using other

terminals’ antennas• Higher spectral efficiency/data rate for users• Requires scheme for (half-duplex) terminals

to share data

COOPERATIVE MIMO: SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATIONMilos Jorgovanovic, Sameet Ramakrishnan, Kathy Sun, Matthew Weiner, David Tse, and Borivoje Nikolic

Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley

6www.ni.com/sdr

Daryl WasdenDaryl Wasden received his B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Utah in 2009 and is poised to receive his M.S. in Electrical

and Computer Engineering from the University of Utah in 2012. He is currently working toward his Ph.D. in Electrical and Computer

Engineering under the supervision of Dr. Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny at the University of Utah. He is a recipient of a National Science

Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship. His research interests include software defined radio implementation, cognitive radio,

filter bank multi-carrier communications, spread spectrum communications, and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection.

Since fall of 2010, University of Utah has been collaborating with Idaho National Laboratory (INL) under Dr. Hussein Moradi as the Principal

Investigator for the Filter Bank Multi-Carrier Spread Spectrum (FB-MC-SS) research and prototyping, using National Instruments Flex-

RIO SDR platform.

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“ Filter Bak Implementation of Multi-Carrier Spread Spectrum Systems”

Project objectives – how this work advances “state-of-the-art”:

Our approach uses Filter Bank Multi-Carrier Spread Spectrum (FB-MC-SS) technique that produces more localized spectra for each subcarrier than its counterpart OFDM-SS.

FB-MC-SS Technology Features:• Enables simultaneous “underlay communication channel” in an occupied spectrum delivering

low to medium data-rates.• Operates under harsh/jamming RF environments• Exhibits low probability of detection and interception• Resists high-energy narrow and/or wide-band interference• Performs robustly in high-speed mobility environments• Poses no taxation on an occupied spectrum• Can be deployed on any band of frequencies• Establishes a secure communication link when augmented with “key” generation feature• Enhances OFDMA when orthogonality is lost (overlay channel)• When used as an “underlay control channel”, creates a foundation to building an adaptive/

cognitive radio network that maximizes the use of the available white spaces, where high-data-rate “overlay channels” are dynamically negotiated.

WSCOMM: WIRELESS SPECTRUM COMMUNICATIONSFilter Bank–Multi-Carrier Spread Spectrum Technology | INL Wireless Communications/EW R&D Group

Idaho National Laboratories | Winner of 2012 R&D Magazine 100 Award

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Mathew SamimiMathew K. Samimi received his B.S. degree in Applied Physics from the Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science

of Columbia University in 2012. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering at the Polytechnic Institute of New

York University. He is working on developing 28 GHz statistical spatial channel models for next generation mobile cellular in dense

urban environments.

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Why Propagation at 28 and 73 GHz?

Greater Available Bandwidth (> 1 GHz)• 3G Cellular = 5 MHz BW• 4G LTE Cellular 20 MHz BW• 5G Predicted = 100 MHz to 1 GHz BW

Cellular Applications: Mobile and Backhaul• Small antenna form factor for smaller devices• Elimination of fiber optic cabling

Available Spectrum• LMDS/LMCS auctions for 28 GHz band• E-Band available for 73 GHz

Some Advantages of mm-waves• Cheap CMOS steerable on-chip antennas• Negligible environmental effects for short

range communications

Acknowledgements:This work was sponsored by National Instruments (NI), Nokia Siemens Network (NSN), the GAANN Fellowship Program, the National Science Foundation (NSF) Accelerating Innovative Research Program, Samsung Electronics and Intel Corporation. The authors wish to thank Ahsan Aziz of NI, Amitava Ghosh of NSN, George MacCartney, Shu Sun and Shuai Nie of NYU WIRELESS for their support and contribution to this project. Measurements recorded under U.S. FCC Experimental License 0040-EX-ML-2012.

MILLIMETER-WAVE CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS28 Ghz and 73 Ghz Ultra-Wideband Propagation Measurements and Channel Modeling In New York City

New York University | Mathew K. Samimi (MKS@nyu.edu), Professor Theodore S. Rappaport (TSR@nyu.edu)

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Malik Muhammad GulMalik Muhammad Gul received his B.E. and M.S. in electrical engineering from the National University of Sciences and Technology in

Pakistan in 2007 and 2009, respectively. From August 2008 to December 2009, he worked as a research engineer in the MIMO Research

Group at the IQRA University in Pakistan, where he was involved in the development of a MIMO-OFDM test-bed. He received a Fulbright

scholarship for doctoral studies in the U.S. and joined Georgia Tech in 2010.

His research interests include the design, analysis, and the implementation of detection, synchronization, and channel estimation

algorithms for wireless networks, such as LTE, IEEE 802.11ac, and low-power sensor networks.

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TIMING AND CARRIER SYNCHRONIZATION FORCOORDINATED MULTI-POINT TRANSMISSIONMalik Gul and Xiaoli Ma | Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

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Introduction and Motivation• OFDM –Key technology in 4G wireless systems (mobile WiMAX/LTE)• Physical layer synchronization is a key challenge –Signal Detection • In the presence of path-loss and multi-path fading –Frame synchronization • Time offsets due to random propagation delays and

sampling frequency mismatches • can result in inter symbol interference (ISI)• Carrier Synchronization – Carrier frequency offsets (CFOs) between the base-station (BS)

and mobile users (MUs) • destroy the orthogonality between the users and introduce • inter-carrier interference (ICI) • multi user interference (MUI)

Downlink Synchronization in LTE• A mobile user connected to one BS • Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) –BS detection, coarse time and carrier synchronization –Contains Zadoff-Chu sequences

‘u’ defines the root index or cell ID

Contributions• We have shown that – Correlation based time synchronization with ZC sequences is

dependent on CFOs [1] – Only certain root indices are suitable for time synchronization for

downlink transmissions [1] – Developed a Correlator bank based synchronization scheme of

LTE-Downlink

• Prototype with NI platform – Real-time FPGA implementation of the OFDM receiver • 20 MHz bandwidth • Time and Carrier synchronization • Channel estimation and equalization • Instantaneous and average BER calculations –Can serve as a starting point FPGA code for other lead-users

Contributions• Prototype with NI platform – Real-time FPGA implementation of two BSs

detection for a static user in COMP mode – tight synchronization among the BSs: achieved

through PXI back plane triggers – Static User: CFO is the same – Orthogonal pilots for channel estimation – SFBC transmission in COMP mode

SIMO-OFDM implementation – Real-time implementation of 1x2 OFDM system – will serve as the starting point for a full 2x2 OFDM

system and for COMP transmission with multiple antennas

Future Work• Preamble and algorithm design for – CFO estimation and compensation – Estimation and tracking of time offsets

for multiple BSs for a mobile user in COMP mode• Detailed implementation of a COMP system

Downlink Synchronization in COMP Transmission• Coordinated Multi-point: Transmissions mode in LTE-A• Mobile User connected with multiple BSs simultaneously – Increase through-put and cell edge reliability Synchronization challenges – Detection and parameter estimation for each BS on the

MU side – CFO can be assumed to be same for the static users – Timing and CFO tracking for multiple BS for mobile user

References:[1] 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation (Release 10) ,”3GPP TR 36.211, V10.3.0,, Sept. 2011[2] M. Gul, S. Lee, X. Ma, “Robust synchronization for OFDM employing Zadoff-Chu sequence”, in Proc. of 46th International Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS), March 21-23, 2012.

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Simon YauSimon graduated from Texas A&M University in 2010 with a B.S.

in Electrical Engineering and is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in

Computer Engineering at Texas A&M University. His research

area is the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer in wireless

networks, where he is working on a way to facilitate quick

implementation and testing of new policies on the MAC layer.

Liang GeLiang Ge is pursuing a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering at Texas

A&M University. His research interests include wireless

communication networks, design synergy of system protocols

and hardware. He is currently developing an IEEE 802.11 (WiFi)

physical layer implementation using LabVIEW™ FPGA.

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A NEW SEPARATION FRAMEWORK FOR WIRELESSPROTOCOL IMPLEMENTATIONSimon Yau, Liang Ge, P. R. Kumar, Shuguang Cui, I-Hong HouElectrical and Computer Engineering Department Texas A&M University

IntroductionWireless networks attract a lot of research interests from both industry and academia. To better understand wireless protocols, prototyping is very necessary and helpful. In Open System Interconnection (OSI) layering model, various wireless testbeds exist for transport layer, network layer and physical layer. However, for data link layer, especially its sublayer Media Access Control (MAC), it is still at generation 0. The problem is that existing tools can only support simple ALOHA-based control, and it is not feasible for testing sophisticated MAC that provide better QoS. One solution is to build an open testbed that can streamline research of protocols on MAC layer and support new features on physical layer. Thus we propose a new framework with MAC and PHY for wireless protocol implementation. To enable different MAC protocols, we apply the separation of Mechanism and Policy

The Principle of Mechanism/Policy Separation[3][4]

The principle of Mechanism/Policy Separation originates from operating system design in computer science. The goal of separation is to provide flexibility to a system. The mechanism specifies how an action is to be done, while the policy states what action to be done. Ideally different policies can be applied to a fixed mechanism. On the other hand, mechanism can be updated without the change of the policies.

Table 1. Examples for the Principle of Mechanism/Policy

Wireless Media Access Control (MAC)Wireless MAC is of fundamental significance for all wireless systems. The traditional centralized networks adopt FDMA, TDMA, CDMA. Some ad hoc wireless networks employ ALOHA, CSMA/CA and RTS/CTS. But the current MAC protocols are simple. They can not satisfy QoS requirements or adapt well to channel conditions. The flexibility provided by mechanism/policy separation can improve wireless MAC fundamentally.

Our Current StageTo start with our framework, we adopt IEEE 802.11 styled PHY. We separate two popular wireless MAC protocols: ALOHA and CSMA/CA. Mechanism and policy are modeled as finite state machines (FSM), and they interact with each other in a control loop. The flexibility of the separation echoes the design principles for control systems.

Even though our current framework implementation is based on WiFi, the separation of mechanism and policy can benefit generic wireless systems fundamentally.

AcknowledgementsWe thank National Instruments Lead User Program for their tremendous support in our collaboration. Software (LabVIEW™ State Diagram Toolkit) and NI PXI platform (PXIe-7965R, FlexRIO 5791 RF Transceiver) were provided for MAC and PHY prototyping.

References[1] Zheng Zeng, Yan Gao, P. R. Kumar and Kun Tan, “CHAIN:

Introducing Minimum Controlled Coordination into Random Access MAC.” pp. 2669-2677, IEEE INFOCOM 2011, Shanghai, April 10-15, 2011

[2] Zheng Zeng, Yan Gao, and P. R. Kumar, “SOFA: A Sleep-Optimal Fair-Attention scheduler for the Power-Saving Mode of WLANs.” International Conference On Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS 2011), June 21-24, 2011, Minneapolis.

[3] Alex C. Snoeren and Barath Raghavan, Decoupling Policy from Mechanism in Internet Routing, 2003

[4] R. Levin, E. Cohen, W. Corwin, F. Pollack, and W. Wulf. 1975. Policy/mechanism separation in Hydra. SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev. 9, 5 (November 1975), 132-140.

To find the mechanism block for ALOHA and CSMA/CA, we decompose both protocols into small functionality blocks, and combine all the important common blocks into mechanism part for our framework. So far, we have completed the policy FSM for ALOHA. Implementation of several other MAC protocols is still ongoing, such as CSMA/CA, CHAIN, SOFA.

Current MAC:SimplisticFixed QoS

NewImplementation Current MAC:

SophisticatedFlexible QoSAdaptive - QoS Requirements - Channel Condition - Application

Systems Mechanism(How it is done)

Policy(What is to be done)

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Karl NiemanKarl Nieman received his B.S. in Electrical Engineering Summa Cum Laude from the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology in

2009. He was appointed at Applied Research Laboratories upon joining The University of Texas at Austin and later became part of the

Wireless Networking and Communication Group (WNCG) in Fall 2010. He obtained his M.S. in 2011 and has since been pursuing his Ph.D.

in Electrical Engineering at the same university.

He has held several internships, most recently at Freescale Semiconductor and National Instruments where he has developed optimized

embedded signal processing algorithms for use in wireless and power line communication systems. His research interests include multi-

dimensional signal processing for high-speed, multi-antenna communication systems and physical modeling of array antenna systems.

He won the best paper award at the 2013 International Symposium on Powerline Communications and the best student paper in the

Architecture and Implementation Track at the 2013 Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers.

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FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF A MESSAGE-PASSINGOFDM RECEIVER FOR IMPULSIVE NOISE CHANNELSProf. Brian L. Evans, Wireless Networking and Communications Group, The University of Texas at AustinStudents: Mr. Karl Nieman, Mr. Marcel Nassar and Ms. Jing Lin

ObjectiveObjective: Implement a real-time OFDM receiver with impulsive noise mitigation for use in power line communications (PLC).

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Huyen Chi BuiHuyen Chi Bui received her Eng. degree in Telecommunications

and Networks from INPT/ENSEEIHT, France in 2009. In 2012,

she received her Ph.D. degree from Institut Supérieur de

l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE), Toulouse, France.

Since then, she has been a post-doc researcher at Télécom

Bretagne. Her current research interests include digital

communications;,satellite communications and software

defined radio.

Laurent FranckLaurent Franck graduated from Computer Science (1994)

and Social Sciences (1998) at Brussels University. In 2001, he

received a Ph.D. degree in telecommunications from Telecom

ParisTech and the Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches

from the Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse in 2009.

Since 2007 he is with Télécom Bretagne (Toulouse site) where

he teaches and conducts research on satellite communications.

His main research interests are in the development of satellite

based emergency communications. Laurent is an IEEE senior

member and is involved in ESTI standardization activities.

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USING USRP AND LABVIEW™ FOR SATCOM TEACHING AND RESEARCH Dr. Huyen Chi Bui & Prof. Laurent Franck | Télécom Bretagne, site of Toulouse

1. Real System 3. Emulation in Action

2. Emulated System

http://www.telecom-bretagne.eu/{Huyen.Bui,Laurent.Franck}@telecom-bretagne.eu

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Changzhi LiChangzhi Li received his B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, in 2004, and his Ph.D. degree in

Electrical Engineering from the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, in 2009.

Dr. Li worked at Alereon Inc. and Coherent Logix Inc. Austin, TX in the summers of 2007–2009, on ultrawideband (UWB) transceiver and

software defined radio. In August 2009, he joined Texas Tech University, Lubbock, as an assistant professor. His research interests include

biomedical applications of microwave/RF, wireless sensor, and RF/analog circuits.

He received the NSF Faculty Early CAREER award in 2013, the Texas Tech Alumni Association New Faculty Award in 2012, and the

IEEE MTT-S Graduate Fellowship Award in 2008. He was the finalist of the Vodafone Wireless Innovation Project competition in 2011.

He received seven best conference/student paper awards as author/advisor in the IEEE Radio and Wireless Week (RWW) and the IEEE

Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON). He served as the TPC co-chair for IEEE WAMICON 2012 and 2013.

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MICROWAVE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION AT TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY

RESEARCHSmart radar sensor for tumor tracking in cancer radiotherapy Lung cancer comprises 28 percent of all cancer deaths in the U.S. An increased radiation dose to the tumor will lead to improved local control and survival rates, however, because in many anatomic sites the tumors can move significantly with respiration, it is difficult to deliver a sufficient radiation dose directly to the tumor without the risk of damaging the surrounding healthy tissue. A technology known as respiratory gating or tumor tracking has been developed to overcome this problem. The technology is beneficial in that it locates tumors in real-time. However, current methods are either invasive to the patients or do not have sufficient accuracy. Dr. Changzhi Li’s research group at Texas Tech has developed a smart DC-coupled radar sensor technology to non-invasively track the tumor location and thus control the radiation beam during radiotherapy. This revolutionary new method, called Smart Radar, is non-invasive, has no side effects or discomfort, and links directly to chest motion. Dr. Li’s group designed the radar system using AWR and then created an electronic test bench based on NI’s LabVIEW™ and PXI RF instruments.

EDUCATIONMicrowave course development for students to have a more vivid and hands-on experience To inspire engineering students to choose microwave engineering over competing subjects such as computer programming and robot development within the EE program, a reengineered course in microwave solid-state circuit design was developed, for which AWR and NI partnered to provide the RF/microwave software and hardware, as well as tutorials and technical support to this course. The course objectives were to become familiar with the fundamentals of design and testing of microwave/RF circuits, the analysis of microwave circuits on the module/board level, transmission lines, S-parameters, Smith charts, and device modeling, and to design, simulate, and measure microwave circuits using the popular NI/AWR circuit design and measurement tools. The course attracted a record of more than 43 senior and graduate students in 2012. AWR’s Microwave Office greatly facilitated the instructor’s explanation of complex concepts such as impedance matching, Smith charts, and constant noise figure circles. Students not only learned the theory and solved classical problems, but also used modern RF/microwave tools to verify their analysis and optimized their design. Moreover, based on a series of homework exercises that combined theoretical analyses, designs using AWR tools, and lab experience with NI PXI/LabVIEW™, students were able to design, build, and characterize state-of-the-art microwave circuits and systems in their final project.

SUPPLEMENTARYQuotes from Changzhi Li“The combination of AWR software, LabVIEW™, and

PXI proved to be a key element in the successful

development of our Smart Radar technology. It was

also a good package to revitalize traditional RF/

microwave engineering courses at Texas Tech. The

ease of use of the tools offered a good way to explain

complex design concepts in a highly interactive

approach and student interest was greatly boosted.”

“AWR and NI tools provide many handy ways to

illustrate complicated microwave theories, which

was very difficult in the past. With these tools,

the interests from students were greatly inspired

from the beginning of the semester to the final

project. Students in the class gained not only

theoretical knowledge, but also many valuable

hands-on experiences in the design, fabrication,

and characterization of microwave circuits. It was

exciting to see students enjoyed the class and keep

working in the filed of microwave engineering after

they completed the course.”

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Ivan Simões GasparIvan Simões Gaspar received his BSSE and MSc on telecommunications degree from Inatel in 2003 and 2006, respectively. From 2003

to 2011 he was a technical supervisor and product manager in the department of research and development of Hitachi Kokusai Linear

Equipamentos Eletrônicos S/A. From 2008 to 2011 he collaborated as an auxiliary lecturer at INATEL. Since February 2012 he is a research

associate at the Vodafone Chair / TU Dresden working on Robust Non-Orthogonal Modulation schemes in the 5GNOW project and in the

RF lead user program with National Instruments.

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GENERALIZED FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING:A PROTOTYPE OF NEXT GENERATION CELLULAR PHYProf. Dr. Gerhard Fettweis | Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering

INTRODUCTIONWireless communications has enabled a variety of applications and services from 1G to 4G. Current trends point that with 5G on the horizon, the Internet of Things (IoT) will have enormous impact. While IoT itself is a very exhaustive field that covers many topics and research areas, we want to focus on machine-type communi cation (MTC) aspects and envision a ’Tactile Internet’ scenario as a new service and technology enabling ingredient. This scenario imposes strict requirements to latency and resilience of the transmission of short and asynchronous bursts of data. The use of Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM) has been already proposed for MTC and here we want to elaborate how the scheme can address the specific MTC requirements.

FURTHER READING

5G USE CASES APPROACHES WAVEFORM PROPERTIES IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS

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Harald HaasProfessor Haas holds the Chair of Mobile Communications at the University of Edinburgh and has pioneered and coined ‘Li-Fi’, listed

among the 50 best inventions in TIME Magazine 2011. Moreover, his work was covered in other international media such as the New York

Times, BBC, CNN International, Wired UK, within the last two years. Prof Haas was an invited speaker at TED Global 2011, and his talk has

been watched online more than 1.4 Million times.

He is co-founder and chief scientific officer (CSO) of pureLiFi Ltd. Professor Haas holds 26 patents and has more than 20 pending patent

applications. He has published 250 conference and journal papers including a paper in Science. He is the inventor of spatial modulation

a large scale energy efficient MIMO technique. He has written a textbook on Li-Fi soon to be published with Cambridge University

Press. He has been shortlisted for the World Technology Award for communications technology (individual) in 2011. He was recipient of

a best paper award at the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference in Las Vegas in 2013. In 2012, Prof. Haas was the only recipient of the

prestigious Established Career Fellowship from the EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) within Information

and Communications Technology in the UK. Haas is recipient of the Tam Dalyell Prize 2013 awarded by the University of Edinburgh for

excellence in engaging the public with science.

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LARGE SCALE MIMO LIGHT-FIDELITY (LI-FI) SYSTEMAbdelhamid Younis, Stefan Videv, Dobroslav Tsonev, and Harald Haas / The University of Edinburgh

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Swapnil MhaskeSwapnil Mhaske is a Ph.D. student at Rutgers University under the supervision of Prof. Predrag Spasojevic. His research interests broadly

lie in the area of wireless communications and information theory, with specific interest in error control coding and its implementation for

future wireless systems. His research is being supported by National Instruments Corporation. For the past two summers he has interned

with National Instruments, where he received hands-on experience on the implementation of wireless communication systems. He has

assisted in developing coursework on Software Defined Radio using the NI USRP in the Electrical and Computer Engineering department

at Rutgers, and prior to joining Rutgers, he worked with Siemens India in the R&D department for three years.

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TURBO DECODER USING NI LABVIEW™ TOOLSSwapnil Mhaske, Dr. Predrag Spasojevic, Rutgers UniversityDr. Hojin Kee, Dr. Tai Ly, Dr. Ahsan Aziz, National Instruments

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