M.tech Lab Manual

8/3/2019 M.tech Lab Manual

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1.Program to add two multibyte numbers.

mov r4,#0h ;move 00 to r4

mov r3,#0h ;move 00 to r3

mov dptr,#9000h ; Load 9000h into dptr register

movx a,@dptr ;move the data from memory location to a register

mov r0,a ;move the data from a to r0

inc dptr ;increment dptr

movx a,@dptr ;move the data from memory location to a

mov r1,a ;move the data from a register to r1


movx a,@dptr ;move the data from memory to a

mov r2,a ;move the data form a to r2


movx a,@dptr ; move the data from memory location to a registerclr c ;clear carry bit

add a,r1 ;add a and r1

jnc res ;if no carry, jump to label res

mov r3,a ;move data from a to r3

mov a,r0 ;move data from r0 to a

addc a,r2 ; add with carry and r2

jnc end1 ;if no carry, jump to label end1

inc r4 ;increment r4

ajmp end1 ;jump to label end1res:mov r3,a ; move data from a to r3

mov a,r0 ; move data from r0 to a


jnc end1 ; if no carry, jump to label end1


end1:mov r5,a ;move data from a to r5

mov dptr,#900ah ;load 9000h into dptr register


movx @dptr,a ;move data from a to memory location

mov a,r5 ;move data from r5 to ainc dptr ;increment dptr

movx @dptr,a ; move data from a to memory location


inc dptr ; increment dptr

movx @dptr,a ; move data from a to memory location

here: sjmp here


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end

Input Location:9000h,9001h,9002h,9003h

Output Location:900ah

Input Data: 1111 1111(hex)

Output : 2222h

2nd method

mov r1,#0ffh ;load r1 with immediate data

mov r2,#0ffh ; load r1 with immediate data



clr c ;Clear carry bit

mov a,r1 ;move data from r1 to aadd a,r4 ;add a and r4

mov 31h,a ;move data from a to internal RAM location 31h


addc a,r3 ;add with carry a and r3

mov 32h,a ; move data from a to internal RAM location 32h

mov a,#00 ;Clear a register

addc a,#00 ;add with carry and 0

mov 33h,a ; move data from a to internal RAM location 33h

here:sjmp here

end

2. Program to convert a BCD number to ASCII

To convert packed BCD to ASCII, it must first be converted to to unpacked

BCD. Then the unpacked BCD is tagged with 30h.

mov dptr,#9000h ;Load 9000h into dptr register

movx a,@dptr ;Move the content of location 9000h to a

mov r2,a ;Move the data from a to r2anl a,#0f0h ;And a with 0f0h

swap a ;Swap a

orl a,#30h ;Or a with 30h


movx @dptr,a ;move the data from a to memory location

mov a,r2 ; Move the data from r2 to a


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anl a,#0fh ; And a with 0fh

orl a,#30h ;Or a with 30h


movx @dptr,a ;move the data from a to memory location

here:sjmp here

end

Input: 45

Output:34 35

3;ASCII to BCD conversion

To convert ASCII to packed BCD, it is first converted to unpacked BCD(to

mask 3) and then combined to make packed BCD. For example, for 4 and 5

the keyboard gives 34 and 35, respectively. The goal is to produce 45h,

which is packed BCD.

;ASCII to packed BCD conversion

mov r0,#10h ;R0=10h,Internal memory adress

mov a,@r0 ;a=hex value of Ist ASCII number

anl a,#0fh ;mask upper nibble

swap a ;swap upper and lower nibble of a

mov b,a ;save the number in B

inc r0 ;Increment R0

mov a,@r0 ;Get the next number from memory

anl a,#0fh ;Mask Higher nibble

orl a,b ;Or a & B

inc r0 ;Increment memory address to store the result

mov @r0,a ;Move the content of A to internal RAM location

here:sjmp here

end

Input:35

Output:

4.Program to find the average of 10 numbers


clr a ;Clear a register

mov 0f0h,a ;move data from a to b

mov r1,#05h ;move 05 to r1 register


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up: movx a,@dptr ; ;move data from external memory location to a

add a,0f0h ;add a and b

mov 0f0h,a ;move the result to b

dec r1 ;decrement r1


cjne r1,#00h,up ;compare r1 with 0, if not equal, jump to label up

mov a,0f0h ;move data from b to a

mov 0f0h,#05h ;move 05h to b

div ab ;divide a by b


movx @dptr,a ;move data from a to external memory location

mov a,0f0h ;move data from b to a



here:sjmp hereend

5.To transfer a block of data from one memory location to another.

mov r2,#0ah ;Load r2 with immediate data 05h


mov r0,#0a0h ;Load r0 with immediate data 0a0h

mov r1,#00h ;Load r1 with immediate data 00h

mov a,#0h ; Load a with immediate data 00h

up:movx a,@dptr ;move data from external memory to a

push dph ;push dph on the stack

push dpl ;push dpl on the stack

mov dph,r0 ;move data from r0 to dph

mov dpl,r1 ;move data from r1 t dpl


pop dpl ;pop dpl from the stack

pop dph ;pop dph from the stack

inc dptr ;increment dptrinc r1 ;increment r1


cjne r2,#00,up ;compare r2 with 0, if not equal, jump to label up

here:sjmp here

end


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Output:

I block:9000h: 01 02 03 04 05

II block:a000h:01 02 03 04 05( after block transfer)

6. Program to convert a decimal number to hex number


movx a,@dptr ; move data from external memory location to a

mov r2,a ;move data from r2 to a

clr c ;clear carry bit

subb a,#0ah ;subtract with borrow, 0ah from a

jc over ;if carry, jump to label over


anl a,#0f0h ;and a with 0f0h

swap a ;swap a

mov b,#0ah ;move 0ah to b

mul ab ;multiply and b



anl a,#0fh ;move 0fh to a




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movx @dptr,a ; move data from a to external memory location

sjmp here

over:mov a,r2 ;move data from r2 to a



here:sjmp here

end

Input:99

Output:63

7. Program to generate Fibonacci series

mov r1,#0ah ;Load r1 with immediate data 0ah

mov dptr,#9000h ;load 9000h into dptr register





back:mov r2,a ;move data from a to r2




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mov r0,a ; move data from a to r0


djnz r1,back ;decrement r1, if not 0, jump to label back

here:sjmp here

end

Output:00 01 01 02 03 05 08 0bh, 15h, 22h

8.Program to find the GCF of two numbers



mov b,a ; move data from a to b



back:mov r1,b ;move data from b to r1


mov a,b ;move data from b to a

jz mess ;if a=0, jump to label mess


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jmp back ;jump to label back

mess:mov dptr,#9005h ;Load dptr with immediate data 9005h



here:sjmp here

end

Input: 05 02

Output:01

9.Program to convert hex number to ASCII number

mov dptr,#9000h ; Load dptr with immediate data 9005h

movx a,@dptr ; Load dptr with immediate data 9005h


subb a,#0ah ;subtract with borrow, 0ah from


jc down ;if carry, jump to label down

add a,#07h ;add 07 to a

down:add a,#30h ;add 30h to a



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here:sjmp here

end

Input:45

Output:34 35

10. Program to convert an 8 bit Hex number to decimal number


movx a,@dptr ;move data from external memory location to a




jc over ;if carry, jump to label over


subb a,#064h ;subtract with borrow, 64h from a

jc d1 ; if carry, jump to label d1


mov b,#64h ;move immediate data 64h to b




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movx @dptr,a ; move data from external memory location to a



clr c ; clear carry bit


jc d2 ;if carry, jump to label d2

mov b,#0ah ;Load b with immediate data 0ah








sjmp end1

d2:mov a,r3 ;move data from r3 to a



sjmp end1

d1:mov a,r2 ;move data from r2 to a


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mov b,#0ah ;load b with immediate data 0ah


inc dptr ; increment dptr





sjmp end1

over:mov a,r2 ;move data from r2 to a



here:sjmp here

end1:sjmp end1

end

Input: 0ffh

Output:02 05 05

11. Program to interchange two blocks of data


mov r0,#04h ;Move immediate data 04 to r0


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mov r1,#90h ;move immediate data 90h to r1

mov r2,#91h ;move immediate data 91h to r2

back:movx a,@dptr ;move data from external memory location to a





movx @dptr,a ;move data from external memory location to a






djnz r0,back ;decrement r0, if not equal to 0, jump to label back

here:sjmp here

end

12. Program to find the LCM of two numbers

mov dptr,#9000h ;Load dptr with immediate data 9000h



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mov b,r0 ;move data from r0 to b




l2:push 0e0h ;push a onto the stack


mov r1,b ;move data from b to r1

cjne r1,#00,l1 ;compare r1 with 0, if not equal, jump to label l1

pop 0e0h ;pop a from satck



sjmp here

l1:pop 0e0h ;pop a from stack



sjmp l2

here:sjmp here

end

Input: 05 02


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Output:0ah

13. Program to multiply 16 bit number by 8 bit number

mov r0,#11h ;load r0 with immediate data 11h







mov dptr,#9000h ;Load dptr with 9000h

movx @dptr,a ; move data from external memory location to a

mov r0,b ;move data from b to r0








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here:sjmp here

end

Input: 1122, 33

Output:369c6h

14. Program to search an element in an array

mov r0,#05h ;Load r0 with immediate data 05h

clr a ;clear a

mov dptr,#9000h ;load dptr with address 9000h

mov r1,#0ah ;load r1 with immediate data 0ah

l1:mov a,#0h ;load a with 00

movc a,@a+dptr ;move data from code memory location to a




cjne r2,#05h,l2 ;compare r2 with 05h, if not equal, jump to label l2

mov dptr,#900ah ;load dptr with immediate data 900ah


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mov a,#0ffh ;laod a with immediate data 0ffh


sjmp here

l2:cjne r1,#0h,l1 ; compare r1 with 0, if not equal, jump to label l1

mov dptr,#900ah ;load dptr with 900ah

mov a,#0h ;load a with 00h


here:sjmp here

end

Input:05,

9000h: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a

Output:0ff

15. Program to sort an array of 10 elements

mov r3,#0ah ;load r3 with immediate data 0ah


start:mov a,r3 ;move data from r3 to a


mov dptr,#9000h ;Load dptr with address 9000h


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l1:movx a,@dptr ;move data from external memory location to a





subb a,r1 ;subtract with borrow, r1 from a

jnc next ;if no carry, jump to label next





dec dpl ;decrement dpl




next:djnz r0,l1 ;decrement r0, if not equal to 0, jump to label next

djnz r3,start ;decrement r3, if not equal to 0, jump to label start

here:sjmp here

end

16. Program to divide an 8 bit no by another 8 bit number


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mov a,@r0 ;load a with data from internal RAM location(dividend)


mov b,@r0 ;move data from internal RAM location to b(divisor)



mov @r0,a ;load internal RAM location with data from a

inc r0 ; increment r0


mov @r0,b ;move data from b to internal RAM location

here:sjmp here

end

17. Program to count number of 1's in a given data byte

mov dptr,#9000h ;Load dptr with 9000h


mov r0,#0h ;load r0 with 0

mov r1,#8h ;load r1 with 8


up:rlc a ;rotate a left through carry


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jnc next ;if no carry, jump to label next


next:djnz r1,up ;decrement r1, and jump to label next, if r10




here:sjmp here

end

18. Program to find largest of n numbers

mov r0,#10h ;move immediate data 10h to r0.

mov a,@r0 ;move data from internal RAM location to a




mov a,@r0 ;move data from internal RAM location to a

l2:push 0e0h ;save the content of a on stack


subb a,@r0 ;subtract content of internal RAM location from a

jnc down ;if no carry, jump to label down

mov a,@r0 ; move data from internal RAM location to a


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sjmp d1 ;jump to location d1

down:pop 0e0h ;pop a from stack

d1:djnz r2,l2 ;decrement r2, if not zero, jump to location l2


mov @r0,a ;move data from a to internal RAM location

here:sjmp here

end

19. Program to convert ASCII to hex

ASCII codes 30 to 39 represent 0 to 9 in binary and 41 to 46 represent A to

F. Therefore

if the ASCII code is between 30-39h then 30h is subtracted from the code. If

the number

lies between A to F then 37h is subtracted from the code to get its binary

equivalent

mov dptr, #9000h ;load dptr with address 9000h




subb a,#40h ;subtract 40h from a

jc l2 ;jump to location l2, if carry




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sjmp here ;jump to location here

l2:mov a,r1 ;move data from r1 to a



here:inc dptr ;increment dptr


rep:sjmp rep

end

20. Program to check whether a 4th bit of a byte is 1, Store FFh if 1, else

store 00 in

the same location

mov dptr,#9000h


jnb 0e3h,down ;jump to location down, if 4th bit of a is set


mov a,#0ffh ;move 0ffh to a


sjmp last ;jump to location last

down:mov a,#0h ;move 00 to a



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last:sjmp last

end

21. Program to add two BCD numbers

mov dptr,#9000h ;move dptr with 9000h


mov b,a ;move data from a to b



add a,b ;add a and b

da a ;decimal adjust accumulator after addition

jc down ;if carry, jump to label down



sjmp last ;jump to label last

down:mov r2,a ;move data from a to r2

mov a,#01h ;move data 01h to a





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movx @dptr,a ;move data from external memory location to a

last:sjmp last

end

22.Program to find the square of an 8 bit number

mov dptr,#9000h ;load dptr with 9000h


mov b,a ;move data from a to b









here:sjmp here

end

23. Program to count from 0-9

here:mov a,#0h ;move 0 to a


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up:mov p0,a ;move data from a to port0

acall delay ;call delay routine

add a,#01 ;increment a

cjne a,#010,up ;compare a with 10, if not equal, jump to location up


;delay routine

delay:mov r1,#0ffh ;move 0ffh to r1

l3:mov r2,#0ffh ;move 0ffh to r2


l1:djnz r1,l1 ;decrement r1, repeat till r1=0

djnz r3,l2 ;decrement r3,repeat l2 till r3=0

djnz r2,l3 ;decrement r2, repeat l3 till r2=0

ret ;return

end

24. Program to implement BCD counter to count from 0-99

here:mov a,#0h ;move 0 to a

up:mov p0,a ;move data fr

acall delay ;call delay program

inc a ;increment a


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cjne a,#100,up ;compare a with 100, if not equal, jump to location up


delay routine

delay:mov r1,#0ffh ;move 0ffh to r1



l1:djnz r1,l1 ;decrement r1, repeat till r1=0

djnz r3,l2 ;decrement r3,repeat l2 till r3=0

djnz r2,l3 ;decrement r2, repeat l3 till r2=0

ret ;return

end

25;Program to implement BCD counter to count from 99-0

here:mov b,#99h ;move 99h to b

up:mov a,b ;move data from b to a

add a,#99h ;add 99h to a


mov b,a ;move data from b to a

mov p0,a ;move data from a to p0


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cjne a,#0ffh,up ;compare a with 0ffh, if not equal , jump to location up


delay routine:

delay:mov r1,#25h ;move 25h to r1



l1:djnz r3,l1 ;decrement r3, jump if not equal to 0 to l1

djnz r2,l2 ;decrement r2, jump if not equal to 0 to l2

djnz r1,l3 ; decrement r1, jump if not equal to 0 to l3

ret

end

26. Program to generate 50msec delay

mov tmod,#01 ;select timer 0

here:mov tl0,#0fdh ;load tl0 with 0fdh

mov th0,#4bh ;load th0 with 4bh

cpl p1.5 ;compliment p1.5



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sjmp here ;jump to here

delay:mov r1,#0c8h ;load r1 with data 0c8h

l1:setb tr0 ;set bit tr0

again:jnb tf0,again ;repeat till tf0=0

clr tr0 ;clear tr0

clr tf0 ;clear tf0

djnz r1,l1 ;decrement r1, jump to l1, if not equal to 0

ret

end

Part B: Interfacing programs

1.Write a C program to display the code of the key pressed

#include

#include "lcd.h"

unsigned char getkey();

void delay(unsigned int);

main()

{

unsigned char key;

InitLcd(); /* Initialise LCD */


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WriteString("Key Pressed="); /* Display msg on LCD */

while(1)

{

GotoXY(12,0); /* Set Cursor Position */

key = getkey(); /* Call Getkey method */

}

}

unsigned char getkey()

{

unsigned char i,j,k,indx,t;

P0=0x0ff;

P1=0x0ff;

P2 = 0x00; /* P2 as Output port */

indx = 0x00; /* Index for storing the first value of

scanline */

for(i=0x00E;i>=0x00B;i


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if(t>0) /* If key press is true */

{

delay(6000); /* Delay for bouncing */

for(j=0;j>=1;

if(t==0) /* if get pressed key*/

{

k = indx+j; /* Display that by converting to Ascii */

t = k>>4;

t +=0x30;

WriteChar(t); /* Write upper nibble */

t = k & 0x0f;

if(t > 9)

t+=0x37;

else

t+=0x30;

WriteChar(t); /* write lower nibble */

return(indx+j); /* Return index of the key pressed */

}


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}

}

indx += 8; /* If no key pressed increment index */

}

}

void delay(unsigned int x) /* Delay routine */

{

for(;x>0;x--);

}

2.Elevator Interface

#include

void delay(unsigned int);

main()

{

unsigned char Flr[9] = {0xff,0x00,0x03,0xff,0x06,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x09};

unsigned char FClr[9] =

{0xff,0x0E0,0x0D3,0xff,0x0B6,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x79};

unsigned char ReqFlr,CurFlr = 0x01,i,j;

P0 = 0x00;

P0 = 0x0f0;

while(1)


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{

P1 = 0x0f;

ReqFlr = P1 | 0x0f0;

while(ReqFlr == 0x0ff)

ReqFlr = P1 | 0x0f0; /* Read Request Floor from P1 */

ReqFlr = ~ReqFlr;

if(CurFlr == ReqFlr) /* If Request floor is equal to Current Floor */

{

P0 = FClr[CurFlr]; /* Clear Floor Indicator */

continue; /* Go up to read again */

}

else if(CurFlr > ReqFlr) /* If Current floor is > request floor */

{

i = Flr[CurFlr] - Flr[ReqFlr]; /* Get the no of floors to travel */

j = Flr[CurFlr];

for(;i>0;i--) /* Move the indicator down */

{

P0 = 0x0f0|j;

j--;

delay(25000);


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}

}

else /* If Current floor is < request floor */

{

i = Flr[ReqFlr] - Flr[CurFlr]; /* Get the no of floors to travel */

j = Flr[CurFlr];

for(;i>0;i--) /* Move the indicator Up */

{

P0 = 0x0f0 | j;

j++;

delay(25000);

}

}

CurFlr = ReqFlr; /* Update Current floor */

P0 = FClr[CurFlr]; /* Clear the indicator */

}

}

void delay(unsigned int x)

{

for(;x>0;x--);


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}

3.Stepper motor interface

#include

static bit Dir=0;

void delay(unsigned int x) /* Delay Routine */

{

for(;x>0;x--);

}

void ChangeDir(void) interrupt 0 /* Int Vector at 000BH, Reg Bank 1 */

{

Dir = ~Dir; /* Complement the Direction flag */

ClrLcd();

if(Dir)

delay(32000);

else

delay(32000);

}

main()

{

unsigned char Val,i;


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EA=0x1; /* Enable Interrupt flag and Interrupt 0 & Serial Interrupt */

EX0=0x1;

ES=0x1;

P0=0x00; /*since the monitor is using the serial interrupt it has to be

enabled*/

while(1)

{

if(Dir) /* If Dir Clockwise */

{

Val = 0x88;

for(i=0;i>1;

delay(575);

}

}

else /* AntiClockwise Direction */

{

Val = 0x11;


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for(i=0;i


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while(1){

i=0;

for(d=0;d


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}

delay(10000);

delay(10000);

}

}

}

void delay(int g)

{

int h;

for(h=0;h


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void delay(unsigned int x) /* delay routine */

{

for(;x>0;x--);

}

main()

{

unsigned char on = 0x7f,off=0x00;

unsigned int fre = 100;

InitLcd(); /* Initialize LCD */

WriteString("Squarewave"); /* Write to LCD */

while(1)

{

if(!Amp) /* if user choice is to change amplitude */

{

while(!Amp); /* wait for key release */

on+=0x08; /* Increase the amplitude */

}

if(!Fre) /* if user choice is to change frequency */

{

if(fre > 1000) /* if frequency exceeds 1000 reset to default */


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fre = 100;

while(!Fre); /* wait for key release */

fre += 50; /* Increase the frequency */

}

P0=on; /* write amplitude to port */

P1=on;

delay(fre);

P0 = off; /* clear port */

P1 = off;

delay(fre);

}

}

7. Dual DAC, triangle wave

#include

#include "lcd.h"

main()

{

unsigned char i=0;

InitLcd(); /* Initialise LCD */

WriteString("Triangular Wave"); /* Display on LCD */


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while(1)

{

for(i=0;i0x00;i--) /* Generate OFF pulse */

{P0 = i;

P1 = i;}

}

}

8. Dual DAC, RAMP wave

#include

main()

{

unsigned char i=0;


while(1)

{

for(i=0;i


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{

P1 = i;

P0 = i;

}

P0 = 0;

P1 =0;

}

}

Microcontroller Lab Question Bank

1. Write an ALP to add, subtract, multiply and divide 2 8 bit numbers

2. Write an ALP to transfer a block of data from one location to another

location

3. Write an ALP to exchange two blocks of data stored in memory.

4. Write an ALP to add/subtract 2 16 bit numbers

5. Write a program to add two BCD numbers

6. Write a program to count the number of 1s in a given data byte.

7. Write a program to check whether the 4th bit of a byte is 0. Store FF if it

1.Else

store 00 in the same location

1. Write an ALP to multiply a 16 bit number by an 8 bit number

2. Write a programto find the average of 10 numbers

3. Write an ALP to find the square of a given number

4. Write an ALP to find the cube of a given number5. Write an ALP to arrange a set of data in ascending/descending order

6. Write a program to find the GCF of two numbers

7. Write a program to generate Fibonacci series.

8. Write a program to find LCM of two numbers

9. Write a program to search an element in an array of N numbers

10. Write an ALP to find the largest of N numbers.


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11. Write an ALP to implement BCD counter to count from 0-9

12. Write a program to implement BCD counter to count from 9-0



15. Write a program to to convert a hexadecimal number to ASCII number

16. Write a program to convert hexadecimal number to a decimal number.

17. Write a program to convert an ASCII number to hexadecimal number

18. Write a program to convert a BCD to ASCII number.

19. Write a program to convert an ASCII number to BCD number

20. Write a program to generate a delay of 50ms.

21. Write a C program to interface Alphanumeric LCD panel and Hex

keypad input to 8051

22. Write a program to generate Square wave using DAC interface to 8051.

23. Write a program to generate Triangular wave using DAC interface to

8051.24. Write a program to generate Ramp wave using DAC interface to 8051.

25. Write a program to generate Sine wave using DAC interface to 8051.

26. Write a C program to rotate Stepper motor in clockwise direction.

27. Write a C program to rotate stepper motor in anticlockwise direction.

28. Write a C program to interface Elevator to 8051.

29. Write a C program to display a string on seven segment display

interface

Documents

M.tech Lab Manual