MOODMOOD

Indicative (Interrogative) Imperative, Indicative (Interrogative) Imperative, and Subjunctive (Conditional) and Subjunctive (Conditional)

What is mood?What is mood? GENERAL DEFINITIONGENERAL DEFINITION

How you are feeling at a given timeHow you are feeling at a given time

LITERARY DEFINITIONLITERARY DEFINITION The reader’s emotional responseThe reader’s emotional response The atmosphere of a storyThe atmosphere of a story

GRAMMATICAL DEFINITIONGRAMMATICAL DEFINITION The form the verb takes to indicate the attitude of The form the verb takes to indicate the attitude of

the speaker/writer using the verbthe speaker/writer using the verb

All Verbs have 3 All Verbs have 3 characteristics: Tense, Voice, characteristics: Tense, Voice, MoodMood

TENSE – shows TENSE – shows timetime (past, present, (past, present, future) and action (simple, progressive, future) and action (simple, progressive, perfect)perfect)

VOICE – shows who’s doing an action or VOICE – shows who’s doing an action or having action done to themhaving action done to them

MOOD – shows attitude (telling a fact, MOOD – shows attitude (telling a fact, giving a command, expressing a wish)giving a command, expressing a wish)

Indicative MoodIndicative Mood Express a fact or opinion (a reality)Express a fact or opinion (a reality) Most verbs we use are in the indicative mood.Most verbs we use are in the indicative mood.

1.1.It is 84 degrees in here.It is 84 degrees in here.

2.2.I think I am going to pass out.I think I am going to pass out.

3.3.Her grandpa collects empty shampoo bottles.Her grandpa collects empty shampoo bottles.

Write one sentence in indicative mood.Write one sentence in indicative mood.

Indicative Mood Indicative Mood (Interrogative)(Interrogative)

This is a subset of the indicative mood.This is a subset of the indicative mood. It is used to ask a question.It is used to ask a question.

1.1.Do you have any notebook paper left?Do you have any notebook paper left?

2.2.Who ate the last piece of pie?Who ate the last piece of pie?

3.3.Why do we have to know this?Why do we have to know this?

Write a sentence in the interrogative mood.Write a sentence in the interrogative mood.

Imperative MoodImperative Mood

Direct command or requestDirect command or request

1.1.Show me the money.Show me the money.

2.2.Now give me the money.Now give me the money.

3.3.Don’t call the police.Don’t call the police.

Write one sentence in IMPERATIVE mood.Write one sentence in IMPERATIVE mood.

Subjunctive MoodSubjunctive MoodThere are two ways to use the subjunctive.There are two ways to use the subjunctive.

1. To express an 1. To express an untrue conditionuntrue condition, or a , or a wish or desirewish or desire..If I If I werewere a billionaire, I would end world hunger. a billionaire, I would end world hunger.If they If they werewere nicer, they would have more friends. nicer, they would have more friends.I wish you I wish you werewere here. here. It frequently follows the word “if” in the dependent clause and is It frequently follows the word “if” in the dependent clause and is ALWAYS expressed as “were” in the past no matter what the subject is.ALWAYS expressed as “were” in the past no matter what the subject is.

SUBJUNCTIVE:SUBJUNCTIVE:To express a To express a suggestionsuggestion, a , a necessitynecessity, or an , or an indirectindirect command/ordercommand/order

SubjunctiveSubjunctive2. The second way to use the subjunctive is to 2. The second way to use the subjunctive is to indicate a formal request, demand, indicate a formal request, demand, requirement or order.requirement or order.My mother My mother insistsinsists that I that I bebe home by 9:00. home by 9:00.I I demanddemand that he that he leaveleave immediately. immediately.Father Father requiresrequires that she that she eateat her vegetables. her vegetables.

The verb in the The verb in the dependent clause dependent clause is in the is in the subjunctive. If it sounds unnatural imagine subjunctive. If it sounds unnatural imagine that verb has the word MUST in front of it. that verb has the word MUST in front of it.

The presence of the one of The presence of the one of the following verbs in the the following verbs in the independent clause may independent clause may indicate that you should use indicate that you should use the subjunctive mood in the the subjunctive mood in the dependent clause.dependent clause.

ask, demand, insist, move, order, ask, demand, insist, move, order, pray, prefer, recommend, regret,pray, prefer, recommend, regret, request, require, suggest,request, require, suggest, and and wish. wish.

What does the What does the subjunctive mood look subjunctive mood look like?like?

Subjunctive indicating a requirement:Subjunctive indicating a requirement:

The teacher recommended that I The teacher recommended that I be be in her in her class.class.

I recommend that you I recommend that you bebe on time the rest on time the rest of the year.of the year.

The judge suggested that we The judge suggested that we bebe given first given first prize.prize.

Subjunctive continuedSubjunctive continued I demand that he I demand that he dodo the assignment. the assignment.

Her mom insisted that she not Her mom insisted that she not playplay tomorrow night.tomorrow night.

I insist that Michael I insist that Michael comecome early. early.

I strongly suggest that he I strongly suggest that he cooperatecooperate with with the police.the police.

SUBJUNCTIVE indicating a wish or SUBJUNCTIVE indicating a wish or something contrary to reality.something contrary to reality.

I wish you I wish you werewere in my English class. in my English class.

I wish Ms. Ortega I wish Ms. Ortega weren’tweren’t so awesome. so awesome.

If I If I werewere Ms. Baker, I wouldn’t do that. Ms. Baker, I wouldn’t do that.

Write one using each form of the Write one using each form of the subjunctive. subjunctive.

What mood? Indicative, What mood? Indicative, Imperative, Subjunctive?Imperative, Subjunctive?

1.1. Maria translates articles into Spanish.Maria translates articles into Spanish.

2.2. I wish Ms. Hurt were here.I wish Ms. Hurt were here.

3.3. Bring me the towels.Bring me the towels.

4.4. I suggest that you be quiet now.I suggest that you be quiet now.

5.5. Please be quiet.Please be quiet.

6.6. Coach Black asked that each player practice Coach Black asked that each player practice twice each day.twice each day.

7.7. Coach Hooley wishes the rugby team were Coach Hooley wishes the rugby team were more motivatedmore motivated..

Closely related to the Closely related to the subjunctive mood is the subjunctive mood is the conditionalconditional. . WOULD SHOULD COULDWOULD SHOULD COULD MIGHTMIGHT

These auxiliary verbs are frequently used in These auxiliary verbs are frequently used in the independent clause following a the independent clause following a dependent clause using “If” and the dependent clause using “If” and the subjunctive.subjunctive.

If it were sunny, we could have our picnic.If it were sunny, we could have our picnic.

There is usually a condition expressed in the There is usually a condition expressed in the sentence.sentence.

I might go if she agrees to stay away.I might go if she agrees to stay away.