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Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
UNIT-1
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Definition Of MIS
Right InformationTo the right personAt the right placeAt the right timeIn the right formAt the right cost
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Management Information Systems
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
– Support operation– Management and
control– Routine, normal
operations
Management Information Systems (MIS)
– Provide decision-making support for routine, structured decisions
– Closely linked to and fed by TPS
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Management information systems
• Provides information for the manager• Different types of reports include scheduled
reports, forecasting reports, on-demand reports and exception reports
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
• MICR (Magnetic ink character recognition): used by banks to read account numbers on cheques
• ATM (Automatic teller machine): banking terminal performing deposits and withdrawals
• Barcode readers: used in retail to collect product information
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Forms
• Document used to collect data from a person• Examples include sign-on sheet for payroll.• On-screen forms: populates fields in a database• Web forms: used to purchase items over the
internet
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
POS terminals are used by retail stores to sell goods and services. In large retail organizations, POS terminals send inventory data to a central computer (sale made). We as users become participants when we use these machines to purchase items from the store. The data is converted for easier transmission. Relevant information and the price are displayed using barcode readers.
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Credit card sales transactions can be done over the internet, at POS terminals or taking an impression of customer’s credit card. Both the POS system and the multi-page credit slip system rely on batch processing. We use them as an alternative to money, to pay for retail store purchases.
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
UNIT-2UNIT-2
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
System Development: Concept of a system
The term system is derived from the Greek word systema, which means an organized relationship among functioning unit’s components. A system exists because it is designed to achieve one or more objectives.
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Types of System
•Physical System•Abstract System•Open System•Closed System•Deterministic•Probabilistic
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Open System: An open system has many interfaces with its environment. It permits interaction across its boundary; it receives some inputs from and delivers outputs to the outside.
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Closed System:A closed system is isolated from environmental influences.
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
• The systems analyst is a key person analyzing the business, identifying opportunities for improvement, and designing information systems to implement these ideas.
• It is important to understand and develop through practice the skills needed to successfully design and implement new information systems.
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
THE SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLETHE SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Major Attributes of the Life Cycle
The project --– Moves systematically through phases where each
phase has a standard set of outputs– Produces project deliverables– Uses deliverables in implementation– Results in actual information system– Uses gradual refinement
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Project Phases
Planning (Why build the system? How should the team go about building it?)
Analysis (Who uses system, what will it do, where and when will the system be used?)
Design (How will the system work?)
Implementation (System delivery)
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
A simple process for making lunch
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
• Identifying business value
• Analyze feasibility
• Develop work plan
• Staff the project
• Control and direct project
Planning
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
• Analysis strategy• Gathering business requirements• Requirements definition use cases• Process modeling• Data modeling
Analysis
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
• Design selection• Architecture design• Interface design• Data storage design• Program design
Design
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Construction– Program building– Program and system testing
Installation– Conversion strategy– Training plan– Support plan
Implementation
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Processes and Deliverables
Process Product
Planning
Analysis
Design
Implementation
System RequestFeasibility Analysis
Workplan
System Proposal
System Specification
New System and Maintenance Plan
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGIESSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGIES
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
What Is a Methodology?
• A formalized approach to implementing the SDLC– A series of steps and deliverables
• Methodology Categories
Process-Centered
Data-CenteredObject-
Oriented
Structured DesignRapid Application
DevelopmentAgile Development
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Waterfall Development Methodology.
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Pros and Cons of the Waterfall Methodology
Pros Cons
Identifies systems requirements long before programming begins
Minimizes changes to requirements asproject progresses
Design must be specified on paper before programming begins
Long time between system proposal and delivery of new system
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Parallel Development Methodology
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Pros and Cons of Parallel Development Methodology
Pros Cons
Reduces Schedule Time
Less Chance ofRework
Still Uses PaperDocuments
Sub-projects May BeDifficult to Integrate
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Rapid Application Development
Incorporate special techniques and tools:– CASE tools– JAD sessions– Fourth generation/visualization programming
languages– Code generators
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Three RAD Categories
Phased development– A series of versions developed sequentially
Prototyping– System prototyping
Throw-away prototyping– Design prototyping
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Phased Development Methodology
Insert Figure 1-4 here
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Pros and Cons of Phased Development Methodology
Pros Cons
Users Get a SystemTo Use Quickly
Users Can IdentifyAdditional NeedsFor Later Versions
Users Work with aSystem that isIntentionally Incomplete
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
How Prototyping Works
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Pros and Cons of Prototyping Methodology
Pros Cons
Users Interact withPrototype Very Quickly
Users Can IdentifyNeeded ChangesAnd Refine RealRequirements
Tendency to doSuperficial Analysis
Initial Design Decisions May
Be Poor
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Throwaway Prototyping
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Pros and Cons of Throwaway Prototyping Methodology
Pros Cons
Risks are Minimized
Important Issues areUnderstood Before the
Real System is Built
May Take LongerThan Prototyping
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Agile Development: Extreme Programming
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Criteria for Selecting the Appropriate Methodology
• Clear user requirements• Familiarity with technology• Complexity of system• Reliability of system• Time schedule• Schedule visibility
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Information Systems Roles
• Business analyst• Systems analyst• Infrastructure analyst• Change management analyst• Project manager
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
• The Systems Development Lifecycle consists of four stages: Planning, Analysis, Design, and Implementation
• There are six major development methodologies: the waterfall method, the parallel development method, the phased development method, system prototyping, design prototyping, and agile development.
• There are five major team roles: business analyst, systems analyst, infrastructure analyst, change management analyst and project manager.
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
MIS Application in Business
Financial MIS– Will integrate information from multiple sources– Functions
• Costing• P&L reporting• Auditing• Funds management
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Manufacturing– Design and Engineering
– Master Production Scheduling
– Inventory Control
– Materials Planning
– Manufacturing and Process Control
– Quality Control
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
Marketing– Market research
• Web-based market research
– Pricing
Tecnia Institute of Advance Studies Senior Asst. Prof. Divya Goel
BBA-307 Management Information System
• Transportation and Logistics– Route and schedule optimization
• Human Resources• Accounting