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Brian Benito Jr. Senior Environmental Specialist

Kinder Morgan –Major Projects

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What are Ceremonial Stone Landscapes?

“whether these stone structures are massive or small structures, stacked, stone rows or effigies, these prayers in stone are often mistaken by archaeologists and State Historic Preservation Offices (SHPOs) as the efforts of farmers clearing stones for agricultural or wall building purposes” (USET Resolution No.2007:037)

“for thousands of years before the immigration of the Europeans, the pau waus or medicine people of today’s New England region used this sacred landscape to sustain the peoples’ reliance on Mother Earth and the spirit energies of balance and harmony” (USET Resolution No.2003:022)

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Examples include but are not limited too:• Perched stones• Split rocks• Effigies• Rows/Alignments• Chambers • Groupings• Sky watcher seats/Sitting stones

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Industry/Applicants Keys to Success:• Engage lead agency early• Work with archeological consultants familiar with

Tribal concerns in the region• Build respectful relationships with THPOs and

SHPOs• Have someone on the team that is experienced with

the process• Think outside the box

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Industry/Applicants Challenges:• Engaging tribes during planning process

– Govt. to Govt. process does not have a mechanism to begin prior to (pre) filing

• Avoidance difficult once route is finalized and engineering is complete

• Cultural properties may extend beyond LOD• SHPOs may not recognize features as

eligible • Schedule & costs