Upload
others
View
1
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
MefCO2 Final dissemination event
Thermo-economic and LCA analysisProf. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Görner – University of Duisburg-Essen
Prof. Dr. Loredana Magistri –University of Genoa
28th May, 2019
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
1. LCA analysis
UDE’s contribution to Work Package 2 and 3
• The tasks of UDE in the project MefCO2 are divided into three areas
Development of process
models in Aspen Plus
Support of the operation
of the electrolyzer (HYGS)
Development of
LCA models in GaBi
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
1. LCA analysis
Thermodynamic Analysis
Goal of the thermodynamic analysis
• The goal of the thermodynamic analysis is to identify optimal process parameters for the plant operation and provide data for the economic analysis and LCA analysis
PFR
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
1. LCA analysis
Thermodynamic Analysis
Results of the thermodynamic analysis
• Key results:
• Isothermal operation of the reactor is preferable to adiabatic operation
• High pressures and low temperatures result in higher methanol yields
• Adjusting the syngas composition can result in lower energy demand for the methanol synthesis and lower hydrogen consumption
SN = 𝑛𝐻2 − 𝑛𝐶𝑂2 𝑛𝐶𝑂 + 𝑛𝐶𝑂2
H2
CO2
CH3OH
Vent
PFR
Separator
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
1. LCA analysis
Environmental due diligence
Goal of the LCA analysis
• The goal of this study is to compare the environmental impacts of two pathways
• Methanol synthesised via a CCU route using CO2 captured from a power plant
• Conventional route using natural gas (SMR)
Power plantConventional
MeOH production
Power plant
(with CO2 capture)
CCU
MeOH production1
2
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
1. LCA analysis
Environmental due diligence
Key results of the LCA analysis
• The environmental impacts of the CCU process are highly dependent upon the electricity used
• GHG emissions were reduced by up to 90% by using electricity from either PV or Wind
• Electrolysis unit is the biggest consumer of electricity and consequently the main driver in terms of indirect global warming impacts
• The GHG emissions of the conventional route using natural gas is only modestly dependent upon the source of electricity
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
Grid mix (Germany)
PV
Wind
Greenhouse gas emissions (kg CO2 eq. / t MeOH)
Ele
ctr
icit
yS
cen
ari
os
CCU SMR1
2
Wind
PV
Grid mix
(Germany)
Ele
ctr
icit
yS
ce
na
rio
s
1 2
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
2. Thermo-economic
Main role of UNIGE in the MefCO2 project
The main role of UNIGE in the MefCO2 Project is to carry out a thermo-economic analysis in order to evaluate the system feasibility and the main parameters that affect the economy of the system
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
• Production of clean fuel by renewable sources
• Recycle of wasted CO2
• Storage of Energy for grid stabilisation
• Increase of Power Plant Flexibility
2. Thermo-economic analysis
Overall MefCO2 Concept layout
The MefCO2 concept can be considered for multiple purpose
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
Variables of the thermo-economic analysis
A number of variables affect the economic feasibility of the system
2. Thermo-economic
Technological parameter Economic parameter Environmental parameter
1. Energy consumption
2. Efficiency
3. Conversion
4. Flexibility
5. Energy availability
6. Operating Hours
1. Capital Cost
2. Economy of Scale
3. Cost of electrical energy
4. Methanol Market Price
5. Cost of CO2
6. Taxation
1. CO2 emission taxation
2. Incentive for the reduction of
Fossil Fuel Consumption
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
2. Thermo-economic analysis
Analysis of the effects with the Response Surface Methodology
The RSM approach allows to analysed and quantified the effect of different parameters and their interaction on the cost of methanol production.
The parameters investigated are:
A. Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE)
B. Purchasing Cost of CO2 (CO2 cost)
C. Eq. Operating hours (HEQ)
D. Percentage reduction of electrolyser Cap. Cost (PEM%RED)
The analysis showed as the most affecting parameters is the LCOE followed by the HEQ, the PEM%RED, and the CO2 cost.
Also the interaction AC between the cost of electricity and the operating hours resulted significant
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
2. Thermo-economic analysis
Annual Fixed Cost Breakdown
39%
31%
5%
24%
1%
54%
17%
13%
2%10%
0,6%4%
CAPEX and OPEX of the
electrolyser represent more than
70% of the fixed costs
Annual Fixed and Variable Cost Breakdown
Including the variable cost, the el.
Energy purchasing cost becomes the
most significant terms (>50%),
significantly reducing the weight of the
other termsMethanol production cost as function of the Eq. Operating Hours
and LCOE for medium (10MW) to large(100MW) size and
different PEM % reduction (0-50%)
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
2. Thermo-economic Analysis
Methanol Production Cost for Large Plant
Methanol production cost
[€/ton] as function of the
Eq. operating hours and
the LCOE
Methanol Cost [€/ton]
MefCO2 – Methanol fuel from CO2
Next Steps and Main Challenges
The thermo-economic analysis showed that the power to methanol system for energy conversion and CO2 recycle has a great
potential in the next future but some issues have to be overcome:
1. The main critical aspect is the capital cost: a further technological development and the growth in the diffusion can bring at a
significant reduction of costs and, as consequence, in the methanol production cost
2. So far, the resulting production cost of methanol is higher than the actual methanol market price.
3. Nevertheless, the production of methanol by the PtF technology allows for
• an avoided consumption of about 900 m3 of NG for each ton of produced methanol and the correlated CO2 emission
(about 2 tonCO2/tonMEOH)
• the recycle of about 1.3 ton of CO2 emitted by a fossil fuelled plant for each ton of produced methanol
• The methanol so produced can represent an alternative to the traditional fossil fuel for automotive transportation
(gasoline and diesel)
4. The establishment of government’s regulation is fundamental to encourage the diffusion of low environmental impact fuels.
2. Thermo-economic Analysis
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon
2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement
No 637016.
Thank you