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Medtronic CoreValve® System Summary of Clinical Experience
UC201402534 EE
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• Background on aortic stenosis (AS) and introduction to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)
• Overview of the CoreValve clinical portfolio
• CoreValve clinical performance– All-cause Survival– Efficacy– Other Outcomes
Agenda
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Background• Aortic Stenosis (AS) is the most prevalent native valve disease1
• More than 300,000 patients have severe AS worldwide
• The mortality rate for untreated severe AS is up to 50%-60% within 2 years of the onset of severe symptoms
1Carabello BA, et al. Lancet 2009; 373:956-66
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Treatment of Severe Aortic Stenosis
• Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is the gold standard for treatment of severe AS
• However, 33% of all patients ≥75 years of age with severe AS are declined for surgery1
• The mortality rate associated with SAVR increases substantially if certain comorbidities are present
– Left ventricular dysfunction
– Previous cardiac operations
– Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
– Liver or renal failure
– Frailty1lung B, et al. Eur Heart J. 2005; 26(24):2714-2720
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a viable treatment strategy for AS patients at high or extreme surgical risk
• TAVI has demonstrated significant survival improvements compared to medical management in inoperable patients in the PARTNER B trial1
• High risk patients receiving TAVI had similar survival rates to SAVR in the PARTNER A trial2
Treatment of Severe Aortic Stenosis
PARTNER B PARTNER A1Kapadia , et al., presented at TCT 2012 2Kodali S, et al., presented at ACC 2012
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
The Medtronic CoreValve System
• The Medtronic CoreValve® System has been implanted in more than 45,000 patients in more than 60 countries worldwide.
• Self-expanding nitinol frame• Tri-leaflet porcine pericardial tissue valve with supra-annular function• Four sizes (23, 26, 29, and 31 mm) to fit aortic annuli ranging from 18 to 29 mm • 18-Fr delivery catheter for all valve sizes• Delivery from a transfemoral, subclavian, or direct aortic approach
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
CoreValve® System Clinical ExperienceMedtronic CoreValve
Clinical Research Portfolio
Demonstrate Safety and Efficacy
Expand Access to New Populations and Markets
Confirm Efficacy and Optimize Practice
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
CoreValve® System Clinical ExperienceMedtronic CoreValve
Clinical Research Portfolio
References at end of presentation
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
CoreValve® System Clinical ExperienceNational CoreValve Registries
References at end of presentation
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
All-cause Survival
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• When comparing all-cause survival across data sets, it is important to remember that many variables can influence a given rate.
• Baseline characteristics, patient selection practices, operator experience, complication management techniques, and in the case of registries, reporting practices, all play a role.
• Comparisons across data sets should be used to convey general trends, not to derive specific conclusions regarding TAVI devices.
All-cause Survival
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
1Chiam, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013; 2Meredith, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 5Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013 4Rueck, et al., presented at London Valves 2012; 5Tamburino, et al., Circulation 2011; 123: 299-308; 6Moat, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58(20): 2130-38; 7Godino, et al., J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2010; 3: 1110-21; 8Avanzas, et al., Rev Esp Cardiol 2010; 63(2): 141-8; 9Bosmans, et al., ICVTS 2011; 12: 762-7; 10Gilard, et al. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1705-15
All-cause Survival │ 30-day National Registries and Medtronic Sponsored Studies
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
CoreValve
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
1Meredith, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 2Rueck, et al., presented at London Valves 2012; 3Tamburino, et al., Circulation 2011; 123: 299-308; 4Avanzas, et al., Rev Esp Cardiol 2010; 63(2): 141-8; 5Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 6Bosmans, et al., ICVTS 2011; 12: 762-7; 7Moat, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58(20): 2130-38; 8Gilard, et al. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1705-15
All-cause Survival │ 1 Year National Registries and Medtronic Sponsored Studies
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
CoreValve
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
All-cause Survival │ 1 Year Rigorous Industry-Sponsored TAVI Studies
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
All routes
1Meredith, et. al. presented at TCT 2012; 2Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 3Leon, et. al. presented at ACC 2013; 4Smith, et al. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 2187-98; 5Leon, et al. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1597-1607
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
All-cause Survival │ 1 Year Select Contemporary Data Sets
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
All routes
1Meredith, et. al. presented at TCT 2012; 2Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 3Windecker, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 4Leon, et. al. presented at ACC 2013; 5Smith, et al. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 2187-98; 6Leon, et al. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1597-1607
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
All-cause Survival │ 1 YearNational Registries and Post-Market Approval Studies
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
1Tamburino, et al., Circulation 2011; 123: 299-308; 2Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 3Windecker, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 4Moat, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58(20): 2130-38; 5Thomas, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 6Gilard, et al. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1705-15
All routes
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
The Italian registry1 and the Canadian registry2 have reported longer-term survival data on patient subsets
1Ussia, et al., Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 969-976; 2Rodes-Cabau, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60(19): 1864-75
All-cause Survival │ Longer-Term(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Efficacy• New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class status in the
ADVANCE study
• Health related quality of life (HRQoL) in the ADVANCE study
• Hemodynamics– 1-year CoreValve performance in the ADVANCE study– 3-year CoreValve performance in the Italian Registry
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Efficacy │ New York Heart Association Class (NYHA)
The ADVANCE study demonstrated significant improvement in functional status at 1 month post-TAVI, which was sustained to 1 year
1Linke et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013
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Efficacy │ Health Related Quality of Life6-month Outcomes from the ADVANCE Study
The ADVANCE study demonstrated significant improvements in post-TAVI quality of life using multiple measurement tools
1Bosmans, et al., presented at TCT 2012
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1Linke, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013
Hemodynamics │ CoreValve ADVANCE Study
The ADVANCE study has demonstrated that the CoreValve EOA and mean gradient remain stable out to 1 year
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Hemodynamics │ Italian CoreValve Registry
1Ussia, et al., Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 969-76
The Italian Registry has demonstrated that the CoreValve EOA and mean gradient remain stable out to 3 years
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Safety• Acute outcomes in the ADVANCE study
• Long term safety measures
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Safety │ Acute OutcomesThe ADVANCE Study
The ADVANCE study shows that procedural complications are rare during CoreValve implants
1Linke, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
a Change in NYHA function resulting from intrinsic valve abnormality resulting in stenosis or regurgitation.
Safety │ Long-Term OutcomesMedtronic Foundational Studies
Two foundational CoreValve studies report no unexpected valve malfunctions or structural deterioration out to 4 years after implant
1Gerckens, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2011; 2Gerckens, et al., presented at ESC 2011
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Procedural Success
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Procedural SuccessNational Registries and Medtronic Sponsored Studies
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
CoreValve
1Chiam, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013; 2Moat, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58(20): 2130-38; 3Meredith, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 4Avanzas, et al., Rev Esp Cardiol 2010; 63(2): 141-8; 5Bosmans, et al., ICVTS 2011; 12: 762-7; 6Gilard, et al. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1705-15; 7Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 8Rueck, et al., presented at London Valves 2012; 9Tamburino, et al., Circulation 2011; 123: 299-308;
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Major Vascular Complications• Definition
• Predictors
• Incidence
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• According to VARC 1, Major Vascular Complications include all complications that can be caused by a wire and/or are related to vascular access, which lead to death, need for significant blood transfusions, unplanned intervention, or irreversible end-organ damage:
• The VARC 2 definition2 downgraded unplanned intervention during the index procedure to a minor vascular complication, except if it was associated with qualifying consequences.
VARC 1 Definition1
• Ventricular perforation• Aortic dissection or
rupture• Iliofemoral dissection
or rupture• Pseudoaneurysms• Closure failure
1Leon, et al., J Am Coll Card 2011; 57 (3): 253-69; 2Kappetein, et al., J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60: 1438-54
Major Vascular Complications │ Definition
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• Femoral artery calcium score2, 4
• Female gender1
Patient-Related Factors
• Sheath to femoral artery ratio (SFAR)2
• Vessel tortuosity4
• Learning curve2
• Complication management3
• Percutaneous closure device failure5
• Patient selection3
Anatomical Factors Procedural Factors (Device / Operator)
1Genereux, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60(12): 1043-52; 2Hayashida, et al., J Am Coll Cardiol Cardiovasc Int 2011; 4(8): 851-8; 3Webb, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 4Vavuranakis, et al. Cardiovasc Ther 2013; epub; 5Cockburn, et al., Cath and Cardiovasc Interv 2012; 79: 143-49
Major Vascular Complications │ Predictors
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Major Vascular Complications │ Predictors
1Van Mieghem, et al., Am J Cardiol 2012; 110(9): 1361-7
Effect of sheath size: the PRAGMATIC initiative showed patients treated with a 22F or 24F delivery sheath had significantly more vascular complications than
patients treated with smaller caliber devices(green bar represents Sapien, yellow is a mixture of Sapien XT and CoreValve)
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
1Fearon, et al., presented at ACC 2013; 2Hayashida, JACC Card Int 2011; 4(8): 851-8; 3Nuis, Am J Cardiol 2011; 107: 1824-1829; 4Toggweiler, JACC 2012; 59(2): 113-8
Effect of learning curve: four studies confirm that increased operator experience decreases the incidence of major vascular complications
Major Vascular Complications │ Predictors(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• Major vascular complication rate can be impacted by variables unrelated to the TAVI device (e.g., patient selection practices, operator experience and technique, complication management strategy, percutaneous closure device function, reporting practices in the case of registries).
• Examining outcomes over the wider clinical experience may lessen the impact of any one of these variables and provide a sense of TAVI device performance.
• However, it is important to be mindful that all of these factors do contribute to the incidence of major vascular complications and should be considered when doing incidence comparisons across studies.
Major Vascular Complications │ Incidence
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
1Linke, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013; 2Gilard, et al. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1705-15; 3Meredith, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 4del Valle, et al., presented at London Valves 2012; 5Ussia, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2012
Major Vascular Complications │ IncidenceRegistry Data on CoreValve According to VARC 1
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
1Leon, et al., presented at ACC 2013; 2Fearon, et al., presented at ACC 2013; 3Sack, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 4Linke, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013; 5Treede, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013; 6Gilard, et al. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1705-15; 7Meredith, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 8del Valle, et al., presented at London Valves 2012; 9Ussia, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2012
Major Vascular Complications │ IncidenceSelect Data Sets Reporting According to VARC 1*
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Aortic Regurgitation (AR)• Definition
• Predictors
• Incidence– Select Studies– CoreValve ADVANCE Study Outcomes
• Clinical Impact
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• Aortic regurgitation (AR) can be transvalvular (central), paravalvular (PVL) or both.
Total AR = PVL + Transvalvular Leak
• What is clinically relevant is the total volume of flow through the valve
Image courtesy of Dr. J. Sinning, University of Bonn
Aortic Regurgitation │ Definition
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• Calcified annulus (commissures, cusps, landing zone)3,4
• Male gender2,3
• Renal failure2
• Peripheral vascular disease1
• NYHA Class IV3
Patient-Related Factors
• LVOT-AO angle1
• Large annulus2
• Elliptical annulus3
• LVOT diameter5
• Transfemoral approach9
• Implant depth1,5,8
• Learning curve6
• Cover index (patient-prosthesis mismatch)4,5,6,7
Anatomical Factors Procedural Factors (Device / Operator)
1 Sherif, et al., J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56: 1623-9 ; 2Abdel-Wahab, et al., Heart 2011; 97: 899-906; 3Unbehaun, et al., J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59: 211-21; 4Gripari, et al., Heart 2012; 98: 1229-1236; 5Italy: Petronio, et al. The Italian CoreValve Registry. TCT 2012; 6Detaint, et al., J Am Colll Cardiol Intv 2009; 8: 821-7; 7Santos, et al., Eur H J Cardiovasc Img 2012; 13: 931-37; 8Chorianopoulos, et al., J Interven Cardiol 2012; 25: 174-179; 9Van Belle, et. al. Peri-valvular Aortic Regurgitation in Balloon-expendable and Self-expendable TAVI procedures: Predictors and Impact on clinical outcome - Insights from the FRANCE2 Registry; TCT 2012
Aortic Regurgitation │ Predictors
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Effect of approach: FRANCE 21 and PARTNER2,3 demonstrate that the transfemoral approach (TF) results in approximately 50% more total AR
than the transapical (TA) approach
Aortic Regurgitation │ Predictors
1Van Belle, et. al., presented at TCT 2012; 2Kodali, et al., presented at TCT 2012;3Dewey, et. al., presented at TCT 2012;
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Images of increasing levels of valve calcification1
Mechanism of PVL in calcified valves2
Aortic Regurgitation │ PredictorsEffect of calcification: heavy calcification may prevent perfect
apposition to the native annulus, increasing the risk of PVL
1John, et al., J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2010; 3: 233-43; 2Sinning, et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59: 1134-41
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Mechanism of PVL in deep implant1
Mechanism of PVL in shallow implant1
Aortic Regurgitation │ PredictorsEffect of implant depth: appropriate implant depth minimizes potential flow
around the valve skirt. With CoreValve, a depth of 4-6 mm is currently recommended to minimize paravalvular leak.
1Sinning, et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59: 1134-41; 2Tchetche, et al., EuroIntervention 2012; epub
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CoreValve ADVANCE | Aortic Regurgitation
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CoreValve ADVANCE | Paravalvular Leak
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CoreValve ADVANCE | Transvalvular Regurgitation
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• ASE / ESC guidelines, which are also recommended by VARC, are typically used to grade the severity of AR using echo. – NOTE: Until VARC 2, there was no consensus for measuring paravalvular leak in transcatheter
valves.
• Standardized criteria can be open to interpretation. It is important to verify that the severity grading criteria are the same when comparing AR across studies. – Is “mild” AR included in the study-specific definition of “significant” AR?
• In addition to the semi-quantitative nature of AR grading, intraobserver variability and variable baseline and procedural characteristics make it very difficult to do a robust comparison of AR across studies.
• Medtronic- and Edwards-sponsored TAVI studies apply similar echo criteria to grade the severity of AR, making it reasonable to compare the outcomes of these studies.
• It is difficult to draw strong conclusions about a TAVI device by doing cross-study comparisons.
Aortic Regurgitation │ Incidence
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Aortic Regurgitation │ Incidence at 1 YearSelect Contemporary Data Sets
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
1Leon, et. al. presented at ACC 2013; 2Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 3Leon, et al. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1597-1607; 4Smith, et al. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 2187-98; 5Windecker, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Paravalvular Leak (PVL) │ Incidence at 1 YearSelect Contemporary Data Sets
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
1Leon, et. al. presented at ACC 2013; 2Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 3Leon, et al. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1597-1607; 4Smith, et al. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 2187-98; 5Windecker, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Paravalvular Leak (PVL) │ Incidence at 1 YearSelect Contemporary Data Sets—Transarterial Cohorts
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
1Leon, et. al. presented at ACC 2013; 2Kodali, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 3Linke, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 4Leon, et al. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1597-1607; 5Treede, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
*At discharge
Aortic Regurgitation* │ Clinical ImpactMedtronic CoreValve ADVANCE Study
1Linke, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013
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Stroke• Predictors
• Timing
• Incidence
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• History of CABG1
• History of stroke3,5
• Coronary artery disease3
• Peripheral vascular disease5
• Baseline NYHA class3
• Chronic atrial fibrillation5
Late Stroke (30 days to 1 year after TAVI)
• Female gender1
• Surgical cutdown for access1
• New onset atrial fibrillation2
• Baseline aortic regurgitation 3+2
• Smaller aortic valve area3
• COPD4
• BMI <25 kg/m4
• Multiple implant attempts4
• Valve dislodgement5
• Balloon post-dilatation5
Early Stroke (within 30 days of TAVI)
1 Bosmans, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013; 2Nuis, et al., Am J Cardiol 2012; 109: 1637-43; 3Miller, et al., J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;143(832-843): e13; 4Stortecky, et al., EuroIntervention 2012; 8: 62-70; 5Nombela-Franco, et al., Circulation 2012; 126(25): 3041-53
Stroke │ PredictorsRisk factors of early stroke tend to implicate embolization of annular debris,
while risk factors of late stroke point to comorbid conditions.
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Stroke │ Type and Timing
The ADVANCE study showed that most strokes fall within 30 days of TAVI. However, due to their multi-morbid conditions, TAVI patients remain at risk for stroke long after
their procedure.
1 Bosmans, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013
30-day Stroke Rate in ADVANCE: 3.0%
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In the ADVANCE study, the overall stroke rate was low and remained relatively stable over time
Stroke │ Rate over Time
1 Bosmans, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013
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Multicenter registry data on 4,563 patients indicate that CoreValve has a historically low stroke rate, staying below 4.5% for any given cohort. It appears there is minimal learning
curve effect for this outcome.
Arrows indicate implant period and the reported rate of total stroke for the CoreValve cohort
Stroke │ Learning Curve
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• Stroke rate is strongly impacted by patient comorbidities, and the timing of stroke events may indicate different mechanisms at play.
• When doing a comparison of stroke rate across studies, it is important to remember that the baseline patient characteristics can vary greatly.
• It is very difficult to draw conclusions about the performance of a particular TAVI device when comparing the incidence of stroke rate across studies.
Stroke │ Incidence
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Stroke │ Incidence at 30 DaysSelect Data Sets
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
1Leon, et al. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1597-1607; 2Smith, et al. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 2187-98; 3Thomas, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 4Leon, et al., presented at ACC 2013; 5Meredith, et al., presented at TCT 2012; 6Bosmans, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Permanent Pacemaker Implantation (PPI)• Predictors
• Incidence
• Clinical Impact– Post-TAVI PPI– Post-TAVI Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB)
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB)2,3,4,5,7
• Other pre-existing conduction disturbances3,4,8,9
• Male gender3
• Age > 75 years9
• Previous MI3
Patient-Related Factors
• Variations in location of LBBB exit point1
• Septum thickness1,6
• Thickness of the non-coronary cusp1
• Implant Depth2,3,7
• Application of PPI guidelines10
• Learning Curve11
• Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty8
• Radial force of the prosthesis3
Anatomical Factors Procedural Factors (Device / Operator)
More than 25 studies have been published on predictors of post-TAVI conduction disturbances (CDs) and permanent pacemaker implant (PPI)
1Jilaihawi, et al. Am Heart J 2009; 2Munoz-Garcıa, et. al. JACC CV 2012; 3Piazza et. al. EuroIntervention 2010; 4De Carlo , et. al. Am Heart J 2012; 5Calvi, et. al. JICE 2011; 6Saia, et. al. Cath Card Intv 2012; 7Fraccarao, et. al. Am J Card 2011; 8Khawaja, et. al. Circ 2011; 9Schroeter et. al. EuroPACE 2011; 10Wenaweser, et. al. presented at EuroPCR 2013; 11Meredith, et. al. presented at TCT 2012
Permanent Pacemaker Implantation │ Predictors
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
1Tchetche, et al. EuroIntervention 2012; 2Munoz-Garcıa, et. al. JACC CV 2012; 3Piazza et. al. EuroIntervention 2010; 4De Carlo , et. al. Am Heart J 2012; 5Calvi, et. al. JICE 2011; 6Saia, et. al. Cath Card Intv 2012; 7Fraccarao, et. al. Am J Card 2011; 8van der Boon, et. al. Int J Card 2013;
Effect of implant depth: data from independent studies plotted on the same graph show the strong relationship between PPI
rate and implant depth
Permanent Pacemaker Implantation │ Predictors
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
PPM rates in 6-mo blocks of pt enrollment, except most recent is 8-mo.
Enrolling centers: 6 9 10 10 10 10 10 10
Effect of learning curve: the rate of PPI in the CoreValve Australia-New Zealand Study decreased over time as operators gained experience
Permanent Pacemaker Implantation │ Predictors
1Muller, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013
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Effect of PPI guideline use: varying 30-day pacemaker rates across geographies in the ADVANCE study may reflect
differences in the application of PPI guidelines
Countries with less than 15 implants not shown
Permanent Pacemaker Implantation │ Predictors
1Wenaweser, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
• The permanent pacemaker implantation rate can be impacted by variables unrelated to the TAVI device (e.g., baseline conduction disturbances, anatomical differences, clinician preference for prophylactic pacemaker use, and operator experience).
• These factors should be kept in mind when comparing the incidence of permanent pacemaker implantation across studies.
Permanent Pacemaker Implantation │ Incidence
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
1Chiam, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013; 2Tamburino, et al., Circulation 2011; 123: 299-308; 3Brito, et.al., presented at TCT 2011; 4Gilard, et al. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1705-15; 5Moat, et al., J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58(20): 2130-38; 6del Valle, et al., presented at London Valves 2012; 7Wenaweser, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013; 8Muller, et al., presented at EuroPCR 2013
Permanent Pacemaker Implantation │ IncidenceCoreValve Outcomes in National Registries and Studies
(independent studies, not head-to-head comparisons)
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Both the ADVANCE study1 and the Australia-New Zealand Study2 showed no impact of a new permanent pacemaker implant on mortality
1Wenaweser, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013; 2Muller, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013
Permanent Pacemaker Implant │ Clinical Impact
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
LBBB Post-TAVI NO Mortality Impact
Houthuizen, et. al. Circulation 2012, (N=679)
Urena, et. al. JACC 2012, (N=202)
De Carlo, et. al. AHJ 2012, (N=275)
LBBB Post-TAVI Mortality Impact
Patients not receiving permanent pacemaker before discharge.
Muller, et. al. EuroPCR 2013, (N=200)
Current Research is Inconclusive Regarding Mortality Impact of LBBB Post –TAVI
Left Bundle Branch Block │ Clinical Impact
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Both the ADVANCE study1 and PARTNER2 showed no impact of a new LBBB on mortality
Left Bundle Branch Block │ Clinical Impact
1Wenaweser, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013; 2Nazif, et al. Presented at ACC 2013
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
Both the ADVANCE study1 and the Australia-New Zealand Study2 showed no significant adverse effect of a new LBBB at discharge on
the mean LV ejection fraction
1Wenaweser, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013; 2Muller, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013
Left Bundle Branch Block │ Clinical Impact
INTERNATIONAL. CAUTION—For distribution only in markets where CoreValve has been approved. Not approved in the USA or Japan. ©Medtronic, Inc. 2013. All Rights Reserved. Non destiné au marché français.
References for slides 8, 9, and 541. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT012409022. Buellesfeld L, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57: 1650-7.3. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01586910 4. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT016754405. Meredith IT, et al. Presented at TCT 20126. Medtronic CoreValve Japan Trial, protocol MDT-21117. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT015313748. Linke A, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2013.9. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0162487010. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0167672711. France II Registry. Eltchaninoff H, Presented at TVT 201312. Italian Registry. Ussia GP, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 201213. Italian Registry. Petronio AS, et al., Presented at TCT 2012.14. Israel Registry. Kornowski R, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2012.15. UK Registry. Moat NE, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58: 2130-8.16. UK Registry. Moat NE, et al. Presented at TCT 2012.17. Belgian Registry. Bosmans J, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 201218. Bosmans J, et al., Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2011; 12(5): 762-7.19. Brazilian Registry. Brito FS, et al. Presented at TCT 2011.20. Spanish Registry. Avanzas P, et al., Rev Esp Cardiol. 2010;63:141-8.21. Milan Registry. Buchanan GL, et al. Presented at EuroPCR 2012.22. Asia Registry. Chiam P, Presented at EuroPCR 2013.23. del Valle R, et al., Presented at PCR London Valves 201224. Ruck A, et al., Presented at PCR London Valves 201225. Figulla H, et al., Presented at TCT 201226. GARY, Mohr F, Presented at ACC 201327. German TAVI Registry: Sinning, et al., Am Heart J 2012; 164: 102-110.e1
CoreValve® is a registered trademark of Medtronic CV Luxembourg S.a.r.l.