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Unit-1 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) & C++

Course : MCA

Semester : II

Subject Code : MC 0066A

Subject Name : OOPS Using C++Unit Number : 1

Unit Title : Introduction to Object Oriented

Programming OOP) & C++

Lecture Number : 1Lecture Title : Introduction & Programming

Methodologies

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Introduction & ProgrammingMethodologies

Objectives:

To understand the evolution of various

programming methodologies

To understand Object Oriented Programming OOP and its basic

features

To know the basic components of a C++ program and program

structure

To know how to compile and execute a C++ program

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Unit-1 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) & C++

Topics Covered:

Introduction

Evolution of Programming Methodologies

Introduction & ProgrammingMethodologies

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Machine Language

A system of instructions and data directly executed by a

computers central processing unit

Machine language is represented by bits (binary digits) i.e. 0sand 1s.

Example: 00111010

Introduction

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Unit-1 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) & C++

Assembly Language

More readable version of machine language

Uses mnemonic codes to refer to machine code instructions

Example:

INC A (Increment Register A), DEC B (Decrement Register B)

Introduction

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Structured Programming

Step by Step execution of instructions

Not very flexible

Examples: Basic, Fortran, Cobol

Evolution of ProgrammingMethodologies

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Unit-1 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) & C++

Procedural Programming

Breaking programs into functions / procedures / modules

More emphasis is given to functions rather than data

Example: C

Evolution of ProgrammingMethodologies

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Unit-1 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) & C++

The shift in programming paradigm is categorized into the

following:

Monolithic Programming

Procedural Programming

Structured Programming

Object Oriented Programming

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Unit-1 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) & C++

Programming Style Abstraction Employed

Procedure-oriented

Object-oriented

Logic-oriented

Rule-oriented

Constraint-oriented

Algorithms

Classes and Objects

Goals, often expressed as predicatecalculus

If-then-else rules

Invariant relationship

Evolution of ProgrammingMethodologies

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Monolithic Programming

1

2

goto 100

goto 55

goto 3

100

Global Data

Examples:

Assembly language and BASIC

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Unit-1 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) & C++

Procedural Programming

Global Data

Examples:

FORTRAN and COBOL

Subprogram-1

SubprogramsSubprogram-2 Subprogram-3 Subprogram-4

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Structured Programming

Global Data

Examples:

Pascal and C

Subprograms

Module 1 Module 2 Module 3

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Unit-1 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP) & C++

Object Oriented Programming

Examples:

C++, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Java, etc.

Object-A

Object-B

Object-C

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