COMPUTER PROGRAMMING UNIT 1 Lecture 1

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

Subject Code IB3

Lecture 01

Prepared By Mr. V. S. Patil Dept (CSE)/AEC

Unit 1 Problem SolvingSyllabus


3

2

1 Understand functional parts of computers

Understand Characteristics of computer

Understand the basics of computing

Objectives

Computer…

Comes from the word “compute”

Compute means “to calculate”

So Computer is calculating device

Perform calculations at enormous speed

Computer is device that operates upon “Data” or

“Information”

e.g. preparing results, calculations, transactions,

scientific work etc

4Prepared By Mr. V. S. Patil Dept (CSE)/AEC

Computer…

Computer can input “Data”

Computer can process “Data”

Computer can store “Data”

Computer can retrieve “Data”

Finally…

Computer can be termed as “Data Processor”

5Prepared By Mr. V. S. Patil Dept (CSE)/AEC

Characteristics of Computer


Characteristics of Computer

1. Speed

2. Accuracy

3. Diligence

4. Versatility

5. Power of remembering

6. No I.Q

7. No Feelings


...Characteristics of Computer...

Speed... Fast device

Work done as anormous speed as compare

to human beings

Speed of Computer is meaured in term

microseconds,nanoseconds,and ever

picoseconds



Accuracy...

Work with the higgest

Accuracy

Accuracy depends upon the

"Design of Computer"

Human Errors are like wrong

command, inaccurate data

input etc



Diligence...

Free from "monotony"

Free from "Tiredness"

Free from Lack of

"Consentration"



Versatility...

• Can perform all kind of job

simultaneously

• Can do diverse nature of

works like

calculations,graphics

work,searching etc at the

same time



Power of Remembering...

• Unlike human being Computer can store huge amount of data

• Doesn't differentiate "Important" & "Not Important"

• Loss or Deletion of data is done by User



No IQ...

• Not a thinking machine

• Not Intelligent

• Never does a task as it own

• Follow human Instuctions



No Feeling...

• Follow Human Instructions

• Never decides at its own will

• No taste

• No emotions

• No knowledge


Memory Unit

Input UnitOutput

Unit

Register

ALUControl Unit

Fig. Block Diagram of Computer System

• Computers need to receive data and instruction in order to

solve any problem.

• Accept the data and instructions from the outside world.

• Convert it to a form that the computer can understand.

• Supply the converted data to the computer system for further

processing.

• Keyboard is the one of the most commonly used input device.

• Example:

mouse, Scanner, Light Pen, Joystick, Touch Screen etc.

Input Unit


•The storage unit of the computer holds data and

instructions that are entered through the input unit, before

they are processed.

• It stores the intermediate and final results before these

are sent to the output devices.

•It also saves the data for the later use.

•The various storage devices of a computer system are

divided into two categories.

Storage Unit….


1. Primary Storage:

•Stores and provides very fast.

• The primary memory is temporary in nature. The data is

lost, when the computer is switched off.

•Ex.RAM.

2. Secondary Storage:

•Secondary storage is used like an archive.

•It stores several programs, documents, data bases etc.

•Some of the commonly used secondary memory

devices are Hard disk, CD, etc.,

Storage Unit….

Output Unit

•The output unit of a computer provides the information and

results of a computation to outside world.

• Ex. Printers, Visual Display Unit (VDU) are the commonly

used output devices.

•Other commonly used output devices are Monitor,

Speaker, Plotter.


The control unit and ALU of the computer are together

known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU).

The CPU is like brain performs the following functions:

• It performs all calculations.

• It takes all decisions.

• It controls all units of the computer.

Central Processing Unit


• Arithmetic Logical Unit:

The Arithmetic unit can perform basic arithmetic

operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication,

division, etc

• And Logical unit can perform basic operations viz, >, <, =,

‘etc..

CPU can be divided in to following


Control Unit:

It controls all other units in the computer.

It fetches the instruction from memory which is to be Executed

It instructs the input unit, where to store the data after receiving

it from the user.

It controls the flow of data and instructions from the storage unit

to ALU.

It also controls the flow of results from the ALU to the storage

unit.

The control unit is generally referred as the central nervous

system of the computer that control and synchronizes its

working.

Continue..

Question Bank

1.Differentiate data & information.

2.Explain the Characteristics of computer.

3.Define computer.

4.Define i) Software ii) Program iii) ALU

iv) Compiler v) Hardware

1.Explain the working of computer.

2.Explain organization of computers.


Engineering

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING UNIT 1 Lecture 1