Slide 1

Joints and bones of the head

2JointsJoints and their classificationbony jointsfibrous jointscartilaginous jointsSynovial joints

3Joints and Their ClassificationArthrology = study of the jointsKinesiology = study of musculoskeletal movementClassified by freedom of movementdiarthrosis (freely movable)amphiarthrosis (slightly movable)synarthrosis (little or no movement)Classified how adjacent bones are joined fibrous, cartilaginous, bony or synovial4Bony Joint (Synostosis)Gap between two bones ossifiesfrontal and mandibular bones in infantscranial sutures in elderlyattachment of first rib and sternumCan occur in either fibrous or cartilaginous joint

5Fibrous Joints (Synarthrosis)Collagen fibers span the space between bonessutures, gomphoses and syndesmoses

6Immovable fibrous jointsbind skull bones together

Lap - overlapping beveled edges

Plane - straight, nonoverlapping edgespalatine processes of the maxillaeFibrous Joint -- Sutures

7Types of Sutures

8Fibrous Joint -- GomphosesAttachment of a tooth to its socket Held in place by fibrous periodontal ligamentcollagen fibers attach tooth to jawboneSome movement while chewing

9First-Class LeverHas fulcrum in the middle between effort and resistanceAtlantooccipital joint lies between the muscles on the back of the neck and the weight of the faceloss of muscle tone occurs when you nod off in class

10Second-Class LeverResistance between fulcrum and effortResistance from the muscle tone of the temporalis muscle lies between the jaw joint and the pull of the diagastric muscle on the chin as it opens the mouth quickly

Temporomandibular Joint

TMJ syndrome caused by malocclusion & stressClicking sounds, headaches, vertigo, pain, or tinnitus