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Manual tank gauging for small tanks

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 Manual Tank Gauging

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For Small UndergroundStorage Tanks

Printed on Recycled Paper

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CONTENTS

Why You Should Read This Booklet 1

How oes !anual Tank "auging Work# $

o You Ha%e The Right &'uipment# (

Step 1 ) Find the Right Testing Period *

Step $ ) !easure the Tank+s ,ontents *

Step - ) o Some !ath .

Step ( ) Find the Right Test Standards .

Step * ) ,ompare Your !easurementsWith Test Standards /

Using Tank ,harts Without 1023nch ,on%ersions

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Why You Should Read This Booklet

Federal and state laws re'uire underground storagetanks 4USTs5 to ha%e leak detection6 7 lot o8 attention

has 9een 8ocused on large gasoline tanks: 9ut it is alsoimportant to detect leaks 8rom tanks $:;;; gallons orsmaller: which o8ten contain used oil6

38 your USTs do not ha%e leak detection: you can 9ecited 8or %iolations and <ned6 =eak detection%iolations can also keep you 8rom getting legally

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1

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re'uired insurance co%erage and reim9ursement 8orcleanup costs6 Without leak detection: you constantlyrisk disco%ering a leak only a8ter it 9ecomes a ma>or<nancial 9urden 8or yoursel8 and an en%ironmentalpro9lem 8or e%eryone6

Manual tank gauging is a unique leak detectionethod that can !e used only on tanks "#$$$gallons o% salle%&  38 this method is appropriate 8orany o8 your USTs: this 9ooklet can help you make sureyou do anual tank gauging correctly6

38 you need in8ormation on 8ederal leak detectionre'uirements and the %arious methods o8 leakdetection a%aila9le to you: see ?Straight Talk on

 Tanks6? ,all &P7@s toll28ree Hotline at ;; ($(2A-(.and order this 8ree pu9lication 9y num9er &P7*-;0UST2A;0;1$6

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$

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'o( )oes Manual Tank GaugingWo%k*

 This 9ooklet helps you use manual tank gauging to meet8ederal and state regulatory leak detection re'uirements9y showing you how to do three important tasks

  

"ood sticking

   "ood math

   "ood record2keeping

Without these three: you may 8ail to meet the leak

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detection re'uirements6 Steps 1 through * on the8ollowing pages show you how to per8orm manual tankgauging correctly6

Basically: manual tank gauging in%ol%es taking the

tank out o+ se%,ice e,e%y (eek +o% . hou%s whileyou measure the tank@s contents to see i8 changes in thetank@s %olume indicate a possi9le leak6

Manual tank gauging can !e used only on used oiltanks "#$$$ gallons o% salle%# and all othe%/ansas %egulated tanks 0$$$ gallons o% salle%& Be sure you read a9out se%eral important restrictions onthe use o8 manual tank gauging that are descri9ed on theneCt page6

To use MANUAL TANK  GAUGING correctly,

follow Steps 1—5 starting on

 page 5

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1lease note these i2o%tant %est%ictions on theuse o+ anual tank gauging3

  

Manual tank gauging can !e used only on used oiltanks "#$$$ gallons o% salle%&  4dditional 5n,ento%yCont%ol is not %equi%ed&

   Tanks 0#$$$ gallons o% salle% and not containingused oil can use this ethod as %elease detection  in/ansas& 5n,ento%y Cont%ol %eco%d kee2ing 5S also%equi%ed&

  

The use o+ anual tank gauging does not eet you%tank syste6s leak detection %equi%eents +o% 2i2ing&PressuriDed and some suction piping must use other methods o8 leak detection: such as interstitial monitoring6 4See ?Straight TalkEn Tanks6?5

5+ you don6t 2ay ca%e+ul attention to these%est%ictions# you (ill +ail to eet the leak detection %equi%eents&

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)o You 'a,e The Right Equi2ent*

Gauge Stick o% Othe% Gauges The gauge stick used to measure the depth o8 li'uid in anunderground tank must 9e marked or notched to the c inch:starting with Dero at the 9ottom end6 ,heck your stick to 9esure the end has not 9een worn or cut o and that the stick isnot warped6 The stick should 9e made o8 non2sparkingmaterial: such as wood: and %arnished to minimiDe thecreeping o8 8uel a9o%e the actual 8uel le%el in the tank63nstead o8 using a gauge stick: you may use a mechanical or

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electronic tank le%el monitor6 Whate%er measuring de%iceyou use must 9e capa9le o8 measuring the le%el o8 producto%er the 8ull range o8 the tank@s height to the nearest c inch6

7o%s

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T!e instructions in t!is "oo#let are #eye$ to t!e%M ANUAL  T  ANK   G AUGING  &'()&*% for+ ou will -n$ a-lle$.in sa+ple of t!is for+ on t!e last page of t!is"oo#let T!is sa+ple is on a perforate$ page, so tear it out an$ refer to it w!ile you rea$ t!roug! t!e

$irections t!at are #eye$ alp!a"etically to it Also,near t!e "ac# of t!e "oo#let, you will -n$ "lan# %+as.ters% you can copy repeate$ly to pro/i$e for+s for usein your recor$.#eeping If t!e %M ANUAL  T  ANK   G AUGING

&'()&*% is -lle$ out accor$ing to t!e instructions int!is "oo#let, you will "e in co+pliance wit! fe$eral regulations for +anual tan# gauging

Tan# (!art  A tan# c!art is a ta"le t!at con/erts t!e nu+"er of inc!es of li0ui$ in t!e tan# into t!e nu+"er of gallonsou nee$ a tan# c!art t!at eactly +atc!es your 

storage tan# 2tan# +anufacturers usually pro/i$ec!arts for t!eir tan#s3 If you !a/e +ore t!an onetan#, you will nee$ a c!art for eac! tan# unless t!etan#s are i$entical T!e tan# c!art +ust s!owcon/ersion to gallons for eac! c inc! stic# rea$ing If your tan# c!art $oes not con/ert eac! c inc! rea$inginto gallons, contact t!e tan# +anufacturer, or, if you!a/e a steel tan#, t!e Steel Tan# Association 246

 786.69:53 to get an appropriate c!art

ou always nee$ to con/ert inc!es into gallons inor$er to -ll out t!e for+ correctly an$ to $o t!enecessary +at! To con/ert inc!es into gallons, -n$ your stic#;s rea$ing to t!e nearest c inc! on t!e tan# c!art, an$ t!en si+ply rea$ across to t!e gallonscolu+n to -n$ t!e nu+"er of gallons If you cannot get a tan# c!art s!owing con/ersion to gallons for eac! c inc! rea$ing, you +ust $o t!e a$$itional +at!eplaine$ on page 6

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<in$ out if state or local re0uire+ents!a/e li+itations ont!e use of +anualtan# gauging or !a/ere0uire+ents $i=er.

ent t!an t!ose presente$ !ere oucan alsouse ot!er stan$ar$for+s, if t!ey s!owt!e infor+ation t!at state an$ fe$eral regulations re0uire

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Ste2 08/no( the Testing 1e%iod

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Use t!e sa+ple%MANUAL TANK  GAUGING &'()&*% ont!e last page of t!e"oo#let to see w!eryou put t!e

infor+ation fro+letters %A% t!roug!%M% in t!e following$irections

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)nce eac! wee# you +ust ta#e your tan# out of ser/ice for a testing perio$

Locate your tan# si>e an$ test $uration in t!e ta"le so you

will #now w!ic! you are using Use t!e for+ foun$ on t!e

last page of t!is "oo#let an$ locate your tan# on t!e ta"lein t!e upper left corner of t!e sa+ple for+ 2see t!e sectionla"ele$ %A%3 ou #now w!ic! testing perio$ you nee$ touse e/ery wee# "y loo#ing at t!e nu+"er in t!e %Mini+u+*uration of Test% colu+n net to t!e "o t!at +atc!es a $e.scription of your tan#*uring t!e test perio$ t!e tan# +ust re+ain out of ser/iceso t!at not!ing is put into t!e tan# an$ not!ing is ta#en out of it

Ste2 "8Measu%e the Tank6s Contents

E,e%y (eek : you must take li'uid le%el measurements twice 9e8oreand twice a8ter each out2o82ser%ice testing period6Fill in the identi8ying in8ormation at the top o8 the

?!7GU7= T7G  "7U"3G" R&,ER? 8orm6 You need a separate8orm 8or each tank using manual tank gauging6

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Ta#e your -rst stic# rea$ing using %goo$ stic#ing

 practices% note$ in t!e "o on t!e rig!t 'nter your rea$ing in t!e colu+n la"ele$ %<irst Initial Stic# &ea$ing%

?ipe t!e stic# $ry wit! a rag an$ ta#e a secon$ 

stic# rea$ing as you $i$ "efore 'nter t!e secon$ rea$ing in t!e colu+n la"ele$ %Secon$ Initial Stic# &ea$ing%

 After t!e rea$ings are ta#en, t!e tan# opening s!oul$ "eclose$ so t!at no li0ui$ can "e a$$e$ or re+o/e$ fro+ t!etan#

?!en t!e out.of.ser/ice testing perio$ is o/er,

ta#e two +ore stic# rea$ings in t!e sa+e way youtoo# t!e -rst two rea$ings 'nter t!e en$ingrea$ings in t!e colu+ns la"ele$ %<irst an$ Secon$ 'n$ Stic# &ea$ing%

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US' G))* STI(KIN@&A(TI('S Slowlylower t!e gauge stilet t!e stic# gently touc! "otto+, an$ 0uic#ly "ring it "acup &ea$ t!e $ept!t!e fuel in$icate$ "t!e wet +ar# on t!stic# to t!e nearest1B6 inc!

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Ste2 8)o Soe Math

E,e%y (eek  at the end o8 the test period: you must record somemath calculations6

7%erage the two initial stick readings to the nearest c

inch6 Ente% the %esult in the 94,e%age 5nitial Reading9

colun&

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 The a%erage stick reading o8 the tank@s contents will 9e

in inches6 You always need to con%ert inches  into gallonsin order to <ll out the 8orm completely and to calculate thechange in the tank %olume6 Find your stick@s reading on thetank chart to the nearest c inch: and then read across to thegallons column to <nd the num9er o8 gallons6 Ente% the%esult in the 95nitial Gallons9 colun& 

 Your tank chart should ha%e direct con%ersions 8rom c  inchstick readings to gallons6 38 you cannot get a tank chart withc inch con%ersions: do the additional math eCplained on page6

7%erage the two end stick readings to the nearest c

inch6 Ente% the %esult in the 94,e%age End Reading9colun6

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,on%ert the a%erage stick reading 8rom inches into

gallons 4as you did in item ?"? a9o%e5 and ente% the %esultin the 9End Gallons9 colun&

  Su9tract the ?&nd "allons? column 8rom the ?3nitial

"allons? column6  Ente% the %esult in the colun la!eled9Change in Tank :olue&9

  Ste2 ;87ind the Right Test Stan-da%ds

   The (eekly  and onthly test standards depend on

tank siDe6 To <nd your tank@s weekly and monthly teststandards: locate your tank on the ta9le in the upper le8t

corner o8 the sample !7GU7=  T7G   "7U"3G"  R&,ER  4see thesection la9eled ??56 You know which test standards apply toyour tank 9y looking at the gallon num9ers in the ?WeeklyStandard? and ?!onthly Standard? columns neCt to yourtank6Ci%cle the (eekly and onthly test standa%ds in theta!le that a22ly to you% tank so you (ill kno( (hichstanda%ds you% tank ust eet&

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Ste2 <8Co2a%e You%Measu%eents With

  Test Standa%ds

 You must compare your calculation o8 ?,hange in Tank Iolume? tothe weekly and monthly test standards 8or your tank6

E,e%y (eek : compare your ?,hange in Tank Iolume?

num9er to the weekly test standard6 For the purpose o8 this comparison: consider all num9ers to 9e positi%e 48oreCample: a 21. would 9ecome a J1.56 38 your ?,hange in

 Tank Iolume? num9er is not larger than the weekly teststandard: circle Y&S in the ?Tank Passes Test? column6 38 your ?,hange in Tank Iolume? num9er is larger than the

weekly test standard: circle GE6 5+ you ci%cle NO# youust also call you% %egulato%y agency to %e2o%t asus2ected leak as soon as 2ossi!le&

 

)nce a +ont!, a$$ up t!e 7 wee#ly %(!ange in

Tan# Colu+e% nu+"ers t!is ti+e pay careful attention to positi/e an$ negati/e nu+"ers to get an accurate total <or ea+ple, a$$ing D7 an$ D8an$ .9 an$ .1 s!oul$ e0ual D7 After you !a/e t!esu+ of t!e 7 wee#ly tests, $i/i$e "y 7 to get t!e+ont!ly test a/erage 'nter t!e result at t!e"otto+ of t!e %(!ange In Tan# Colu+e% colu+n

(o+pare your +ont!ly test a/erage to t!e +ont!ly test stan$ar$ for your tan# <or t!e purpose of t!isco+parison, again consi$er all nu+"ers to "e

 positi/e 2for ea+ple, a .1: woul$ "eco+e a D1:3If your %(!ange in Tan# Colu+e% nu+"er is not larger t!an t!e +ont!ly test stan$ar$, circle 'S int!e %Tan# @asses Test% colu+n If your +ont!ly a/erage %(!ange in Tan# Colu+e% is larger t!an t!e+ont!ly test stan$ar$, circle N)

If you circle N), you +ust also call your regulatory agency as soon as possi"le 2usually wit!in 97 !ours3to report a suspecte$ lea#

@lease call t!e appropriate K*E' $istrict oFce or UST progra+ sta= in Tope#a at 465 9:.6:1, 21644 991.895 toll free3 if you circle HN) for 9+ont!s in a row

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Keep your +anual tan# gaugingrecor$son -le for at least 1year

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=sing Tank Cha%ts Without 1/8 Inch 

Con,e%sions

38 your tank chart does not list direct con%ersions 8rom inches to

gallons 8or e%ery 10 inch: then you must do the additional athdesc%i!ed !elo( e,e%y tie you stick you% tank 6

 The easiest way to eCplain this procedure is with an eCample6 =et@ssay you ha%e a stick reading o8 $- -0 inches and you need to<gure how many gallons are in your tank6

16 =ook on your tank chart and <nd the inch measurementsthat are >ust a9o%e and 9elow your stick reading and writedown the num9er o8 gallons 8or these inch readings6Su9tract the gallon readings to <nd the dierence9etween the two readings

,hart reading at $( inches -$* gallons,hart reading at $- inches $A- gallons

2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222ierence -$ gallons

$6 i%iding -$ 9y will gi%e you the num9er o8 gallons 8oreach 10 inch: which is ( gallons6 4Round o the num9erto the nearest whole num9er65 Because your 8raction is-0: multiply ( gallons 9y -: which gi%es you 1$ gallons asthe %olume represented 9y -0 inch6

C4=T5ON3 The gallons %e2%esented !y each 0>? inch(ill ,a%y +%o to2 to !otto o+ the tank and ust!e calculated +o% each con,e%sion&

-6 Take the num9er o8 gallons you ha%e >ust calculated andadd it to the inch reading >ust 9elow your actual stickreading

,hart reading at $- inches $A- gallons

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"allons at d inch J 1$ gallons22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222Sum -;* gallons

 Thus: your stick reading o8 $- -0 inches con%erts to -;* gallons6

NOTE3  38 your tank chart is in hal8 or 'uarter inches: you must stilluse this procedure so that your gallon readings are accurate to 10inch6

4+te% all o+ this ath# you can see (hy it 2ays to ha,e theco%%ect tank cha%t that indicates gallons +o% each c inch&

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M4N=4@ T4N/ G4=G5NG RECOR)  Month AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA Yea% AAAAAAAAA

/)'E O(ne% 3 AAAAAAAAAAAA /)'E 7acility 3 AAAAAAAAAAAA Tank 5dentication AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

1e%son Co2leting 7o% AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA7acility NaeAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

Ci%cle you% tank siDe# test du%ation# and (eekly>onthly standa%ds in the ta!le !elo(3

Tank SiDe Mini-u)u%a-tion

O+ Test

WeeklyStanda%d0 testF

Monthly Stan-da%d

;-test a,e%-ageF

Co2a%e you% (eekly %eadings and the onthly a,e%age o+ the ;(eekly%eadings (ith the standa%ds sho(n in the ta!le on the le+t&

5+ the calculated change eceeds the (eekly standa%d# the =ST ayleaking& 4lso# the onthly a,e%age o+ the ; (eekly test %esults u!e co2a%ed tothe onthly standa%d in the sae (ay&

5+ eithe% the (eekly o% onthly standa%ds ha,e !een eceeded# the=ST ay !e leaking& 4s soon as 2ossi!le# call you% i2leentingagency to %e2o%t the sus2ected leak and get +u%the% inst%uctions&

H Tanks not containing (aste oil ust also 2e%+o% in,ento%y cont%

HH7o% Waste Oil tanks only& Othe% %egulated tanks o,e% 0$$$ gallonust use an a22%o,ed onthly onito%ing ethod&

000 u2 to <<$ gallons .hou%s

0$ gal-lons

< gallons

<<0-0#$$$ gallonsH .hou%s

0 gal-lons

I gallons

0#$$0-"#$$$ gallonsHH .hou%s

".gallons

0 gallons

Sta%tTest

onth#

day#

andtieF

7i%st5nitia

lStick Rea

ding

Second

5nitialStick Read-

ing

4,e%-age

5nitial

Rea

ding 

5nitialGallons con-,e%t inches to

gallonsFJaK

End Testonth#day# and

tieF

7i%stEndStick Re-adin

g

SecondEndStick 

Reading

4,e%ageEnd

Reading

EndGallons con,e%t inches to

gallonsFJ!K

Change5n

Tank :ol-

ue5n

Gallons

L o%8F

Ja8!K

Tan1ass

Te

 ci%

 YESNO

)ate3Tie37! 0 P!

)ate3Tie37! 0 P!

  Y

)ate3Tie37! 0 P!

)ate3Tie37! 0 P!

  Y

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)ate3Tie37! 0 P!

)ate3Tie37! 0 P!

  Y

)ate3Tie37! 0 P!

)ate3Tie37! 0 P!

  Y

/EE1 T'5S 15ECE O7 141ER ON 75@E 7OR 4T @E4ST 0YE4R 

To see ho( close you a%e to the onthly standa%d#di,ide the su o+ the ; (eekly %eadings !y ; and

ente% %esult he%e

 Y

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M4N=4@ T4N/ G4=G5NG RECOR)  S7!P=&  Month AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA Yea% AAAA-AAAAAA

/)'E O(ne% 3 AAA1;;;1AAAA /)'E 7acility 3 AA1;;;1AAAAATank 5dentication AAAAAUS& E3=AAAAA-U;;AAAAAAAAAA

1e%son Co2leting 7o% AAAAAA Kuan oeAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

Ci%cle you% tank siDe# test du%ation# and (eekly>onthly standa%ds in the ta!le !elo(3 7acility Nae AAAAAAAA =ast ,hance L$AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

 Tank SiDe !inimumurationE8 Test

WeeklyStandard41 test5

!onthly Stan2dard

4(2test a%erage5,ompare your weekly readings and the monthly a%erage o8 the ( weeklyreadings with the standards shown in the ta9le on the le8t6

38 the calculated change eCceeds the weekly standard: the UST may 9e leing6 7lso: the monthly a%erage o8 the ( weekly test results must 9e com2pared tothe monthly standard in the same way6

38 either the weekly or monthly standards ha%e 9een eCceeded: the UST m9e leaking6 7s soon as possi9le: call your implementing agency to report suspected leak and get 8urther instructions6

M Tanks not containing waste oil must also per8orm in%entory control6

MMFor Waste Eil tanks only6 Ether regulated tanks o%er 1;;; gallons mustuse an appro%ed monthly monitoring method6

111 up to **; gallons -. hours 1; gallons * gallons

**121:;;; gallonsM -. hours 1- gal2lons

/ gallons

1:;;12$:;;; gallonsMM -. hours $.gallons

1- gallons

Start Test4month: day:

and time5

First3nitialStick

Reading

Second3nitialStick

Reading

7%erage3nitial

Reading

 

3nitial"allons4con%ertinches togallons5

NaO

&nd Test4month: day: and

time5

First&ndStick

Reading

Second&ndStick

Reading

7%erage&nd

Reading

&nd"allons4con%ertinches togallons5

N9O

,hange3n TankIolume

3n "allonsJ or 4)5

Na)9O

 TankPasses

 4circ Y&S or

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  /EE1 T'5S 15ECE O7 141ER ON 75@E 7OR 4T @E4ST 0 YE4R 

 To see how close you are to themonthly standard: di%ide the sum o8 

the ( weekly readings 9y ( and enterresult here

1-0(-6$*

 Y

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M4N=4@ T4N/ G4=G5NG RECOR)  Month AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA Yea%AAAAAAAA/)'E O(ne% 3 AAAAAAAAAAAA /)'E 7acility 3 AAAAAAAAAAAA Tank 5dentication AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

1e%son Co2leting 7o% AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACi%cle you% tank siDe# test du%ation# and (eekly>onthly standa%ds in the ta!le !elo(3 7acility NaeAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

Tank SiDe Mini-u)u%a-tion

O+ Test

WeeklyStanda%d0 testF

Monthly Stan-da%d

;-test a,e%-ageF

Co2a%e you% (eekly %eadings and the onthly a,e%age o+ the ;(eekly%eadings (ith the standa%ds sho(n in the ta!le on the le+t&

5+ the calculated change eceeds the (eekly standa%d# the =ST !e leaking& 4lso# the onthly a,e%age o+ the ; (eekly test %esulust !e co2a%ed tothe onthly standa%d in the sae (ay&

5+ eithe% the (eekly o% onthly standa%ds ha,e !een eceeded# t=ST ay !e leaking& 4s soon as 2ossi!le# call you% i2leentingagency to %e2o%t the sus2ected leak and get +u%the% inst%uctions&

H Tanks not containing (aste oil ust also 2e%+o% in,ento%ycont%ol&

HH7o% Waste Oil tanks only& Othe% %egulated tanks o,e% 0$$$gallons ust use an a22%o,ed onthly onito%ing ethod&

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)ate3Tie3 7! 0P!

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  /EE1 T'5S 15ECE O7 141ER ON 75@E 7OR 4T @E4ST 0 YE4R 

To see ho( close you a%e tothe onthly standa%d# di,ide

the su o+ the ; (eekly%eadings !y ; andente% %esult he%e

 Y N

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*e/elope$ in cooperation wit!