Man Turbo thm Gas turbine

8/17/2019 Man Turbo thm Gas turbine

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MAN Turbo AG GF14 16-Jun-09 < >1

MAN TurboProduct Training

Gas Generator

Power Turbine


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THM 1304

Gas generator / Power turbine

Core components

gas generator and

power turbine(LP turbine).

Combined = bare turbine

Mounted on a baseframe


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THM gas turbine

Principle of function

Two shaft gas turbine

Operation

with combustion at

constant pressure

adiabatic

compression of air in

an axial-centrifugalcompressor.

combustion in two

combustion

chambers mixture of air and

fuel

(liquid fuel or gas)


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THM gas turbine

Principle of function

Operation

first expansion of the

pressurized hot gasescoming in

two-stage backpressure

turbine: high-pressure

turbine (HP turbine)

to drive the axial-

centrifugal compressor

second expansion in a

second backpressure

turbine: low-pressureturbine (LP turbine).

to drive a processing

machine (e.g. pipeline

compressor or electricgenerator)


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THM gas turbine

Pressure and temperature curve

inside gas turbine

3 41 5

2

pressure curve temperature curve

1 GG compressor 2 combustion chamber 3 HP turbine

4 LP turbine 5 processing machine


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Gas generator

GG: modular structure

Modular structure of THM 1304 with

standard combustion chambers

Allows to exchange all modules insidethe sound cover without the request for

much equipment.

Main components of the gas generator

compressor

combustion chamber area

HP turbine.

1..Gas Generator

2..combustion chamber

3..burner can

4 HP1 stator blade carrier

5 HP turbine rotor

6 HP2 stator blade carrier


7/51MAN Turbo AG GF14 16-Jun-09 < >7

Gas generatorFunctional description

GG generates the energy required for

driving the power turbine

Compression combustion chambers V shaped

mixed up and burnt with the fuel

with water in units with water

injection gas collector ducts the waste gases

get into the

two-stage HP turbine driving the

compressor of the gas generator. surplus waste gas energy is

transferred further to the power

turbine (LP turbine).



Gas generatorFunctional description

part of the compressed air

used for cooling of the

combustion chambers andturbines.

Ignition by two igniters

operating independently

from each other. Subsequently, combustion is

self-sustaining.

Fuel supply via fuel control

valve with regard to therequired power



Gas generatorCompressor inlet case

Single-part casing with

Four hollow struts

connecting the inner andouter casing

Accommodates the GG

front bearing for

supporting the rotor.

18 inlet guide vanes (IGV)

and

Corresponding mechanismfor their adjustment



Compressor inlet case

1 strut

2 stator blade

positioning mechanism

3 bore for passage

of the instrument cables

4 adjustable stator blades

5 front GG bearing

Gas generatorCompressor inlet case



Gas generatorIGV

First stator blade row

adjustable

To allow control of theair volume

startup

rundown

turndown

For optimum efficiency

over the total speed

range.Stator blade positioning

1 actuating ring 2 inlet case 3 lifting rod Closing direction of blades



Gas generatorIGV

Actuation

by the GT

control systemand depending

on the GG

speed

by means of anelectrically

operated

stepping motor.

! Warning This adjustment

shall only be

changed by

MAN Turbo AG.

Stator blade positioning

1 actuating ring 2 inlet case 3 lifting rod Closing direction of blades



Gas generatorPlanetary gear unit

Installed in the compressor inlet

case

Description

positive locking planetary gear

unit

not engaging and disengaging

provides two transmissions

step-down ratio of 4.1.

Function

to transfer torque to auxiliarygear unit required for mechanical

drive of a lubricating oil pump.

high speed of the GG rotor max.

11,800 1/min-1

is reduced toapprox. 2,850 1/min-1 .1..gear shaft (82 teeth) 2..gear wheels (3 off) 3 gear shaft (20 teeth)



Gas generatorCompressor description

Supplies air for

combustion and/or

Cooling

10-stage axial

compressor with

One centrifugalstage.

Stage 000 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

rotor blade stator blade

1 annular channel stage 3 2 annular channel stage 6

smoothin chamber



Gas generatorCompressor components

Main casing

(2 parts)

Stator bladecarrier (2 parts)

Axial rotor

1 centrifugal stage 2 HP turbine 3 axial compressor

GG rotor



CompressorFunction

Compression also

increases temperature.

Radial flow impeller

deflects the air jet by

90° and

directs it over a diffuser

into the smoothingchamber

Diffuser initiates a

reduction of the flow speed

Smoothing chamber

between

compressor stator blade

carrier casing and

GG main casing.

1 centrifugal stage 2 HP turbine 3 axial compressor

GG rotor



CompressorFunction

Larger part of the air is transferred

via two elbows into the combustion

chambers. Remaining air is passed on via

channels and bores for cooling of

the HP turbine that drives the

compressor rotor.



CompressorBlades design

Stages 000, 00 and 0

added through increase

of THM 1304 capacity Coating on all

compressor blades as

protection against

corrosion,

Stage 000 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

rotor blade stator blade1 annular channel stage 3 2 annular channel stage 6

smoothing chamber



CompressorRotor design

Teflon segments are screwed to

the tips of the stator blades of

stages 000, 00, 0, 1 and 2. labyrinth strips at the rotor

discs of the compressor rotor

penetrate the Teflon in the

first operating hours. This kind of sealing keeps

the clearances and thus the

performance and/or

efficiency losses low.

Discs with dovetail slots

00 0 1 2 3 4

smoothin chamber



CompressorRotor design

13 tie rods keep

together

rotor discs, radial flow impeller

shaft ends of the

rotor

Stage 000 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7



smoothin chamber



CompressorNumber of Blades

Stage 000 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7



smoothing chamber



CompressorBlow-off and cooling air system.

To avoid surging of the compressor during

certain operating situations.

Radially running grooves at compressorstator blade carrier

between 2nd and 3rd and

between 5th and 6th stage

Through which compressor air is routedinto two annular channels

Blow-off valves of lower stages

two or three depending on the type of

machine

installed on top of the GG main casing.

Blow-off valves of last stage

one or two, depending on the machine

type

installed on the lower GG main casing

half

Stage 000 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7



smoothin chamber



Combustion ChamberComponents

Two combustion chambers

V-shaped on the upper GG

main casing half

Components

casing with inlet elbow

burner igniter

injector nozzle

1 fuel nozzle 2 igniter

3 elbow 4 burner can



1 fuel nozzle 2 igniter

3 elbow 4 burner can

Combustion ChamberFunction

Compressed air gets into

the combustion chamber

casing via smoothing chamber

and

elbow.

Through slots and boresin the burner can the

compressed air gets into

the combustion

compartment where it is Mixed up with fuel and

Ignited via an igniter.



Gas collectorFunction

Guides the hot waste

gases

from combustionchamber

into HP turbine.

Cooled from outside

with air

routed before

over smoothing

chamber

into combustionchambers for

cooling of burner

cans.

Lower section withdrainage connection

1 Gas collector 2 Drainage connection



HP TurbineComponents

Axial-flow two-stage

backpressure turbine

HP1 stator blade carrier

HP turbine rotor

HP2 stator blade carrier

in 2 parts,

vertical split joint


1 HP2 stator blade carrier casing 2 HP1 stator blade carrier

3 HP2 stator blade 4 HP turbine rotor


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HP TurbineHP1 stator blade carrier

Single-part

Centered via 8 pins on the

GG main casing

Components

one inner and

one outer carrier ring

32 stator blades

Location

inner ring is screwed to

the gas collector outer ring to the GG

main casing





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HP TurbineHP turbine rotor

Components

two discs with

70 rotor blades each,

inserted in fir-tree-

shaped grooves.

Location

pair of discs is

connected to the rear

shaft end of the

compressor rotor

by four centering pins

and four screws





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HP TurbineHP turbine Sealing

By honeycomb seals.

Labyrinth strips mounted

on the rotor blades and

on the turbine disc

Penetrate into the

honeycomb seals.

Keeps the clearances

Very low performance and

efficiency losses.





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HP TurbineHP turbine inspection

Inspection of the hot gas parts,

one carrier half can be

removed after having shifted apart the

gas generator and the power

turbine


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HP TurbineNumber of blades


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Bearings of the GG rotor

Function

Two bearings

hydrodynamic

tilting pad sleeve.

Rotary movement of the GG rotor

generates required lubricating oil

pressure

With increasing speed, more and

more oil is transferred from the

contact surface of the shaft into

the lubricating gap.

Oil pressure in the lubricating

gap increases

Until the shaft floats on the

lubricating oil film. 1 thrust bearing 2 oil supply 3 carrier for labyrinth / floating ring seal 4 stop 5 GG shaft 6 contact face for a sealing ring 7 oil return 8 bearing support 9 sleeve bearing

10 backpressure bearing


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Front bearing GG rotor

Function

Axial thrust,

Axial backpressure and

Radial bearing.

Function

absorbs during startup the

axial force at higher speeds rotor is

pressed against the thrust

bearing in flow direction

1 thrust bearing 2 oil supply 3 carrier for labyrinth / floating ring seal

4 stop 5 GG shaft 6 contact face for a sealing ring

7 oil return 8 bearing support 9 sleeve bearing



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Front bearing GG rotorSealing

To the compressor room on

the rear side

via a floating ring slidingon the shaft end of the

GG rotor and

via a labyrinth seal.

Seal air required routed from the inner

area of the compressor

rotor

to the labyrinth sealthrough bores.






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Front bearing GG rotorTilting pads

12 tilting pads each

supported on bearings for

thrust and backpressure bearing

5 tilting pads for

sleeve bearing serving

for absorption of theradially acting forces






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Rear bearing GG rotor

Function

In two parts,

Sleeve bearing

Sealing

on both sides of the bearing

via floating rings and

labyrinth seals. Seal air is

routed through the inner area

of the compressor rotor and

through bores to the labyrinthseals.


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Front bearing GG rotor

Lube oil supply

Through line connected to

the GG inlet casing.

Through internal channelsand lines,

Into the annulus of the

bearing and

Injected through five

bores located between the

tilting pads of the radial

bearing.

Return by gravitational

force

over the lower strut of

the GG inlet casing

into the oil tank.

oil supply oil return

GG


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Rear bearing GG rotor

Lube oil supply

Through line connected to

the lower GG main casing

half in the rear area. Injected just like on the GG

front bearing

through a hose and

inner channels insidethe gas generator.

Return by gravitational

force

into a collectingchamber and

through a internal hose

back into oil tank


P t bi


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Power turbineDesign, Function

Axial-flow

Two-stage

Backpressure turbine

Transforms the waste

gas energy into a rotary

movement and

Transfers it to the

processing machine

with the drive coupling

P t bi


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Power turbineComponents

LP1 stator blade carrier

LP2 stator blade carrier

in 2 parts

vertical split joint

LP turbine rotor

Main casing Exhaust gas bend

1 LP1 stator blade carrier

2 LP2 stator blade carrier

3 LP turbine rotor

4 LP turbine shaft

5 LP main casing

P t bi


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Power turbineNumber of blades

LP1 St t bl d i i


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LP1 Stator blade carrier casing

Number

Connection between

GG and power

turbine Accommodates 8 T4

thermocouples for

power turbine inlet

temperature 42 stator blades.

1 T4 thermocouple

2 LP1 stator blade carrier casing

3 LP1 stator blade

LP2 St t bl d i i


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LP2 Stator blade carrier casing

Description

Two-part LP2 stator blade

carrier.

54 stator blades

For inspection of the hot gas

parts, one carrier half can be

removed

after having shifted apartthe GG and the power

turbine

LP T bi t


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LP Turbine rotor

Description

Two discs with

58 rotor blades each,

Inserted in fir-tree-

shaped grooves.

Connected to the LP

shaft via 4 stud bolts and

four screws.

Connected to the output

coupling that transfers

the torque to the

processing machine.

1 LP2 stator blade carrier 2 LP turbine rotor with shaft 3 LP2 stator blade

LP T rbine rotor


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LP Turbine rotor

Sealing

Honeycomb seals.

In the first operating hours

the labyrinth stripsmounted

on the rotor blades and

on turbine disc

Penetrate into the

honeycomb seals.

Keeps the clearances

Very low performance andefficiency losses.

1 LP2 stator blade carrier 2 LP turbine rotor with shaft 3 LP2 stator blade

LP Main casing


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LP Main casingDescription

Conical design

Internal and external

casing connected to each

other via four struts.

Internal casing: two

bearings

External casing:

connection to baseframe

three bottom mount

pins

1 front bearing 2 strut 3 rear bearing4 LP shaft 5 LP main casing 6 exhaust gas bend

LP Main casing


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LP Main casingFunction

Acts like a diffuser and

Reduces velocity of the

waste gas nearlywithout losses.

Directs the waste

gases through the

waste gas elbow to the waste gas

stack or

directly to heat

recovery system.

1 front bearing 2 strut 3 rear bearing4 LP shaft 5 LP main casing 6 exhaust gas bend

Bearings LP turbine rotor


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Description

Two hydrodynamic

Tilting pad

Sleeve bearings

Design and

functioning similar to

GG bearings

Contrary to GG rotor,

the axial thrust,

axial backpressure

and radial bearingarranged at rear

shaft end




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Sealing

LP front bearing

on the front side floating

ring sliding on the shaftend and

via a labyrinth seal.

no sealing on the rear

side seal air for the labyrinth

seal: cooling air from the

space between the two

LP turbine discs is. LP rear bearing

No floating ring and

no labyrinth seal

installed

Rear Bearing Power Turbine

1 Bearing casing 2

Oil supply 3Trust bearing

4

Backpressure bearing 5 Sleeve type radial

bearing

6

LP shaft 7oil supply

connection

8

Oil supply line to LP front bearing



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Lube oil supply

Through line

connected to the LP

rear bearing casing. Part of the oil flows

directly into the LP

rear bearing

Part to the LP frontbearing through an

internal line

connecting the two

bearings Injection into the

bearing like on the

GG bearings.




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Lube oil return

By gravitational

force into the

internal casing ofthe LP main casing.

Approx. half of the

oil from the LP rear

bearing flows intothe internal casing

Rest into the

coupling guard.

Through the lineconnected to the

internal casing or

To the coupling

guard into thelubricating oil tank


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Man Turbo thm Gas turbine