LIST OF DESIGNATED HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES …

National Occupational Health and Safety Commission

LIST OF DESIGNATED HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

[NOHSC:10005(1999)]

April 1999

National Occupational Health and Safety Commission Sydney

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Commonwealth of Australia 1999 ISBN 0-642-37333-7 First Edition 1994 Second Edition 1999 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be produced by any process without written permission from the Commonwealth available from AusInfo. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Manager, Legislative Services, AusInfo, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601.

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Foreword

The National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (NOHSC) is a tripartite body established by the Commonwealth Government to lead and coordinate national efforts to prevent or reduce the incidence and severity of occupational injury and disease by providing healthy and safe working environments. In seeking to improve Australia’s occupational health and safety (OHS) performance, NOHSC works to: • support and add value to efforts in the jurisdictions to tailor

approaches to prevention improvement; • facilitate, through strategic alliances, the development and

implementation of better approaches to achieving improved prevention outcomes; and

• integrate the needs of small business into its work. NOHSC’s priorities, as endorsed by the Labour Ministers’ Council (LMC) at its meeting on 27 November 1998, are: • providing comprehensive and accurate national data, particularly to support LMC’s

comparative performance monitoring;

• facilitating and coordinating research efforts;

• developing and updating a nationally consistent standards framework (subject to LMC agreement);

• coordinating and disseminating information including industry specific practical guidance material; and

• developing a National OHS Improvement Strategy.

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Foreword iii

Preface vii

1. Introduction 1

2. Using the List 3

Using the List to classify pure substances 9

Using the List to classify mixtures 12

Referenced documents 20

Appendices

Appendix I Risk Phrases (Health Effects only) 21

Appendix II Risk Phrases (Physico-chemical and Environmental) 25

Appendix III Safety Phrases 26

Appendix IV Mixture Classification 29

List of Designated Hazardous Substances 37

Notes for this edition 38

Abbreviations and Notations 39

CAS Number Index (self-contained section-125p) Blue section

Alphabetical Index (self-contained section-134p) Buff Section How to use the List of Designated Hazardous Substances Fold-out at A Short Guide back of book

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Preface Under the National Commission's National Model Regulations for the Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1005(1994)]1 and the Commonwealth, State and Territory government regulations introduced in accordance with the national model regulations, manufacturers and importers of substances supplied for use at work are required to determine whether they are hazardous to health before supply. Labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are also required to be produced for all hazardous substances, with appropriate information about the hazards of these substances. In order to help manufacturers, importers and suppliers meet these responsibilities, the National Commission requested that a list be developed of the more commonly used workplace hazardous substances. This publication, the List of Designated Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:10005(1994 and 1999)], is designed as an advisory document providing the first reference point for suppliers determining if any substance they supply is hazardous and providing guidance on appropriate risk and safety information. This the second edition of the List of Designated Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:10005(1999)] is extensively updated with a completely new format for presentation of the classification data. This publication is one of six titles produced by the National Commission which were released together as part of its workplace hazardous substances regulatory package. The six titles that currently comprise the set (April 1999) are: • National Model Regulations for the Control of Workplace Hazardous

Substances [NOHSC:1005(1994)] (which is produced under the same cover as the national code of practice);

• National Code of Practice for the Control of Workplace Hazardous

Substances [NOHSC:2007(1994)];

• National Code of Practice for the Preparation of Material Safety Data Sheets [NOHSC:2011(1994)];

• National Code of Practice for the Labelling of Workplace Substances

[NOHSC:2012(1994)];

• Approved Criteria for Classifying Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1008(1999)]; and

• List of Designated Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:10005(1999)].

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These publications are supplemented by the following titles: • Guidance Note for the Assessment of Health Risks Arising from the Use of

Hazardous Substances in the Workplace [NOHSC:3017(1994)]; and

• Guidance Note for the Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances in the Retail Sector [NOHSC:3018(1994)].

As more information becomes available or practices and formats change, the National Commission maintains the regulatory package with reviews and updates of the individual titles from time to time. It is advisable to check the currency of a document prior to purchasing. Each of the above publications may be purchased separately through Commonwealth Government Info Shops. Telephone 132447 (Toll Free) or alternately may be viewed at the National Occupational Health and Safety Commission website at http://www.nohsc.gov.au

1. Introduction

1.1 Under the National Model Regulations for the Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1005(1994)]1 a 'hazardous substance' means a substance which:

(a) is listed on the National Commission's List of Designated

Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:10005(1999)] (the List); or

(b) has been classified as a hazardous substance by the manufacturer or importer, in accordance with the National Commission's Approved Criteria for Classifying Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1008(1999)]2 (the Approved Criteria).

1.2 The List and the Approved Criteria2 are intended for use by manufacturers and importers, not by employers and employees. Employers and employees using substances in the workplace will normally identify hazardous substances from the supplier's label and MSDS.

1.3 The List contains information about the more common workplace

hazardous substances. The List therefore provides an initial reference source for hazardous substance identification and classification.

1.4 Where a substance is on the List, it is a hazardous substance under the

National Model Regulations for the Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1005(1994)]1. If a substance does not appear on the List, it will be necessary to consider information on its health effects against the Approved Criteria2 in order to determine whether it is hazardous or not.

1.5 The Approved Criteria2 supersedes the National Commission's Guidance

Note for Determining and Classifying a Hazardous Substance [NOHSC:3011(1991)].

1.6 The Approved Criteria2 are cited in the National Model Regulations for

the Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1005(1994)]1 and are expected to be cited in Commonwealth, State and Territory legislation introduced in accordance with these national model regulations to provide the mandatory criteria for classifying hazardous substances. The Approved Criteria2 also provide examples showing how to apply the criteria to classify a hazardous substance as a single (pure) chemical and as a mixture.

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1.7 Both the List and Approved Criteria2 focus solely on hazards to health. Substances that are hazardous by virtue of their physicochemical properties only and those with nuisance dust and asphyxiant properties have been excluded from the List. Physicochemical hazards are addressed under the relevant dangerous goods legislation of the Commonwealth, State and Territory governments. Dangerous goods are defined in the Australian Code for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail (ADG Code)3.

1.8 The List currently contains about 2,300 substances (individual chemicals

and generic compounds), and was compiled from Annex 1 of the EEC Council Directive 67/548/EEC4 (as updated by EC Council Directive 96/54/EC8). EEC Council Directive 67/548/EEC deals with the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. The List has been supplemented, where not already included, from the National Commission's Adopted National Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants in the Occupational Environment [NOHSC:1003(1995)]5.

1.9 The National Commission will maintain the List and issue updates from

time to time to ensure that it remains a useful aid to manufacturers and importers. In general, the List reflects the status of Annex 1 of EEC Council Directive 67/548/EEC4 (as updated by EC Council Directive 96/54/EC8). This situation also reflects the status of the Approved Criteria2, which includes the classification criteria of EEC Council Directive 67/548/EEC 4.

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2. Using the List

2.1 The List is to be used as an aid in determining and classifying hazardous substances including single ingredients and mixtures.

2.2 Classification is the process whereby the hazards of a substance

are identified and categorised by reference to the Approved Criteria2. This process enables risk phrases to be selected and concentration cut-off levels determined. The majority of substances on the List have already had their hazards identified and concentration cut-off levels determined. Therefore the List provides a useful reference source for this informatio n.

2.3 While an entry in the List means that the substance is hazardous,

the absence of an entry is not an indication that the substance is not hazardous. Consequently, it is essential that all unlisted substances are assessed against the Approved Criteria2 to determine if they are hazardous.

2.4 If a substance is on the List, suitable risk phrases for labelling and

MSDS may be identified for that substance at any concentration by using the information provided in the List.

2.5 The information fields contained in the List are of different types:

Substance identification data (three fields):

§ substance name;

§ CAS Number; and

§ United Nations number.

Hazard classification data (three fields):

§ classification;

§ labelling; and

§ concentration cut-off levels.

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Source

Most entries are derived from European Union sources and are hence designated as EU. Other sources include ‘A’ for Australian Exposure Standard. For full details see the Abbreviations and Notations section preceding the alphabetical List.

2.6 The first six information fields are described in the following

sections, with guidance on how to use the List for determining and classifying hazardous substances.

Substance identification data 2.7 To enable the identification of a substance on the List, the List has

been sorted:

(a) numerically, by CAS Number (the 'CAS Number index'). (b) alphabetically, by the name of the substance (the

'alphabetical index'). 2.8 Both the CAS Number index and the alphabetical index contain

all six fields of information. However, no t all entries in the list will contain data in each of seven fields.

Substance name 2.9 Every entry contains information in this field. 2.10 The substance name may be the recognised chemical name, the

common name or, in some cases, a generic name. 2.11 Names in this field are those appearing in the sources used to

compile the List together with synonyms obtained from Australian reference publications. For this reason, substance names in the List may not necessarily accord with the recognised chemical names.

2.12 The listing of synonyms for a substance will not necessarily be

exhaustive.

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2.13 Synonyms contained in the List may be used in the preparation of substance labels and MSDS. Guidance for assigning preferred substance names in the preparation of labels is provided in the National Commission's National Code of Practice for the Labelling of Workplace Substances [NOHSC:2012(1994)]6. Guidance on MSDS is provided in the National Commission's National Code of Practice for the Preparation of Material Safety Data Sheets [NOHSC:2011(1994)]7.

Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number 2.14 A Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number (CAS Number) is

assigned to a single chemical by the Chemical Abstract Service, a referencing organisation based in the United States. Some mixtures, but not many, are assigned a CAS Number.

2.15 When the CAS Number for a substance is known, then it is easier

to search the CAS Number index as any synonyms for a substance will be grouped together. When only the chemical name is known, then the alphabetical index should be searched.

2.16 The List is a useful source of CAS Numbers for the preparation of

MSDS for hazardous substances. United Nations Number 2.17 The United Nations number (UN number) is a four digit

identification number developed by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. UN numbers may be assigned to a single substance or to a group of substances with similar characteristics or hazardous properties. For example:

• Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid, toxic -

UN number 3018. 2.18 The List is a useful source of UN numbers for the preparation of

labels and MSDS for hazardous substances. 2.19 Not all substances on the List have been allocated a UN number.

A numerical listing of UN numbers can be found in section 9.5 of the ADG Code3.

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2.20 Some substances on the List have more than one UN number listed. Different numbers are often used by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods to differentiate between:

• physical properties, for example, a solid or liquid

substance; and • levels of impurities or activity, for example, the available

chlorine or degree of hydration. Classification 2.21 The majority of substances on the List have been classified, that

is, given risk and safety phrases for each of the hazards and concentration cut-off levels. The classification information does include the details of the required health risk assessment as well as the physicochemical and environmental criteria which are supplied for information purposes only. For further clarification, see the Abbreviation and Notation section preceding the alphabetical List.

2.22 The source of this data is currently the European Communities

legislation on dangerous substances. The classification data in this edition reflects that given by the European Communities up to and including EC Council Directive 96/54/EC8 published in September 1996.

2.23 Where a substance is on the List without hazard classification

data, this does not mean that the substance has no hazardous properties: it simply means that the substance has not been classified by the European Communities or equivalent processes in Australia. The manufacturer or importer of a substance will have responsibilities to determine its hazards under Commonwealth, State and Territory government legislation introduced in accordance with the National Model Regulations for the Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1005(1994)]1.

2.24 Hazard classification data is essential for classifying mixtures of

hazardous ingredients as different concentration cut-off levels apply to different health hazards.

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Labelling 2.25 The labelling column includes a shortened repeat of the

classification data. This information does include the details of the required health risk assessment as well as the physicochemical and environmental criteria which are supplied for information purposes only.

2.26 Notes included in this column define the exact chemical conditions which apply to the classification and labelling of specific chemicals and must be referred to for accurate classification and labelling (see below for an introduction on the use of risk and safety phrases).

The Use of Risk and Safety Phrases 2.27 Risk phrases convey a general description of the physicochemical,

environmental and health hazards of a substance. Safety phrases provide information on safe storage, handling, disposal, personal protection and first aid.

2.28 For practical purposes, the National Commission directed that the

risk and safety phrases provided by the European Communities legislation on dangerous substances should be used in the List where they have been classified under that system.

2.29 Risk and safety phrases appear in the List as a series of numbers

coded according to the European Communities system4. A key to the numbers appearing in the List is provided at Appendices I to II of this technical report. For the purposes of the List, risk and safety phrases are expressed either as numbers separated by a space to denote separate statements or an oblique stroke (/) to denote a combined statement of the phrases involved.

2.30 Figures appearing in brackets after risk phrases R40, R45, R46,

R47 and R49 refer to the classification category, for example, R45(2) is a category 2 carcinogen. Because R40 can be used to denote either a category 3 carcinogen or mutagen, the convention in the List is to denote a mutagen classification as R40 This classification categorisation also applies to Toxic for Reproduction classifications (R60-R63).

2.31 The List contains suggested risk phrases for both health,

physicochemical and environmental hazards and therefore provides a useful source of risk and safety phrases when preparing labels and MSDS for hazardous substances. The health

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hazard risk phrases are the only ones required for health hazard assessment. The environmental and physico-chemical phrases are provided for information purposes only. For more details on the application of risk and safety phrases, refer to the National Commission's National Code of Practice for the Labelling of Workplace Substances [NOHSC:2012(1994)]6.

Concentration cut-off levels 2.32 A concentration cut-off level for a substance in the List represents

a level (expressed as a percentage on a weight/weight basis) at and above which that substance must be considered hazardous.

2.33 A mixture is classified as a hazardous substance if it contains at

least one ingredient at a concentration equal to or above the lowest concentration cut-off level given for that ingredient.

2.34 Concentration cut-off levels refer to health hazards only, and are

not associated with the physicochemical hazards of a substance. 2.35 The List contains five designations of concentration cut-off levels

which allow mixtures to be classified according to one or more of the following hazard categories:

• Harmful (Xn);

• Toxic (T);

• Very Toxic (T+);

• Irritant (Xi); and

• Corrosive (C).

2.36 Concentration cut-off levels are designed to provide a practical level of protection and should not be interpreted as a definitive level below which an effect cannot occur. In this regard, certain mixtures may be classified as hazardous substances despite containing hazardous ingredients at concentrations below their minimum concentration cut-off levels. This is because the health effects of certain types of hazardous substances are regarded as additive, for example, irritants and acutely toxic substances. Two corrosives in a mixture present below their individual cut-off points may be classified together as Corrosive when their effects are added. Appendix IV provides further information on this point.

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2.37 Concentration cut-off levels have been assigned in accordance with the Approved Criteria2 unless individually listed in Annex 1 of the European Communities legislation on dangerous substances4.

Using the List to classify pure substances 2.38 A pure substance is a unique or distinct chemical entity.

Impurities may be present generally up to a concentration of 0.1% before the substance should be considered a mixture and classified accordingly (see 'Using the List to classify mixtures').

2.39 All impurities should be checked against the List as a few

substances, notably carcinogens, have concentration cut-off levels below 0.1%.

2.40 All substances on the List have been determined as hazardous

according to the National Model Regulations for the Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1005(1994)]1.

2.41 For pure substances, the risk phrases given in the List will allow a

full classification of the hazardous substance with the appropriate hazard categories.

2.42 To extract this information from the List, the risk phrases along

with the respective hazard category or categories, are included in the classification, labelling, and cut-offs columns.

2.43 Table 1 has been prepared to assist with this process. The risk

phrases assigned in the List can simply be checked against Table 1 to determine the appropriate hazard category.

2.44 The full classification for a pure substance can then be prepared

by simply listing the hazard category or categories obtained, together with the relevant risk phrases.

2.45 It is the convention in classifying pure substances to list the

relevant hazard categories in the following order:

Very Toxic > Toxic > Harmful > Corrosive > Irritant > Carcinogen > Mutagen > Toxic to Reproduction.

2.46 For example, Ethylene oxide would be classified as follows:

Toxic R23 Irritant R36/37/38 Carcinogen (category 2) R45 Mutagen (category 2) R46

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2.47 Note that the most hazardous hazard category for the pure substance can be found in the top line of both the labelling and cut-offs column. This category will supersede the lesser categories but may diminish with dilution in mixture formulations. The hierarchy of classification is further explained in the Approved Criteria2.

2.48 A full classification of a substance is fundamental to the correct

assignment of concentration cut-off levels and is therefore important to manufactures and importers when formulating mixtures (see 'Using the List to classify mixtures').

2.49 The National Code of Practice for the Labelling of Workplace

Substances [NOHSC:2012(1994)]6 provides further guidance for assigning risk and safety phrases in the preparation of labels.

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Table 1

Classification index for pure hazardous substances Risk phrase(s) Health hazard category R20 and/or R21 and/or R22 Harmful R23 and/or R24 and/or R25 Toxic R26 and/or R27 and/or R28 Very Toxic R34 Corrosive R35 Corrosive R36 and/or R37 and/or R38 and/or R41 Irritant R39 plus R23 and/or R24 and/o r R25 Toxic R39 plus R26 and/or R27 and/or R28 Very Toxic R40 plus R20 and/or R21 and/or R22 Harmful R40(3) Carc. Cat. 3, Harmful R40(M3) Muta. Cat. 3, Harmful R42 Harmful R42/43 Harmful R43 Irritant R45(1) or R49(1) Carc. Cat. 1, Toxic R45(2) or R49(2) Carc. Cat. 2, Toxic R46(1) Muta. Cat. 1, Toxic R46 (2) Muta. Cat. 2, Toxic R48 plus R20 and/or R21 and/or R22 Harmful R48 plus R23 and/or R24 and/or R25

Toxic

R60(1) Repr-Fert. Cat. 1 Toxic R60(2) Repr-Fert. Cat. 2 Toxic R61(1) Repr-Devel.Cat. 1, Toxic R61(2) Repr-Devel. Cat. 2, Toxic R62(3) Repr-Fert Cat 3, Harmful R63(3) Repr-Devel Cat 3, Harmful R64 Harmful R65 Harmful

Cat. Category Carc. Carcinogen Muta. Mutagen Repr. Toxic to Reproduction Fert Fertility Devel Developmental

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Using the List to classify mixtures 2.50 A mixture is a physical combination of chemical substances

resulting from either the deliberate mixing of substances or from a chemical reaction.

2.51 A mixture may be determined to be a hazardous substance by

either:

(a) considering the health effects of the whole substance if the mixture has been tested as such; or

(b) by assessing the health effects of each ingredient if the mixture has not been tested.

2.52 To determine whether a mixture is a hazardous substance by

using the List, a two step process is followed:

Step A Identify each ingredient using one or more of the 'substance identification' information fields, that is, substance name, CAS Number or UN number.

Step B Determine whether the concentration of each ingredient

is above the minimum concentration cut-off level in the the bottom entry in the cut-offs column. If any ingredient is present above its minimum concentration cut-off level, then the mixture is determined to be Hazardous.

2.53 Should any ingredient in the mixture not appear on the List or be

listed without at least one concentration cut-off level, the Approved Criteria2 will need to be used in addition to the List to classify the mixture.

Note: If a mixture contains more than one ingredient that is on the List and all ingredient concentrations are below their respective minimum concentration cut-off levels (last entry cut-offs column), the mixture may still be considered hazardous if one or more of these ingredients exhibit Corrosive, Irritant or acute lethal effects. The formulae for classifying mixtures where individual ingredient concentrations do not exceed concentration cut-off levels are provided in Appendix IV.

2.54 If an ingredient is hazardous, the List can be used further to

classify the ingredient, that is, to assign hazard category and risk phrases, at the concentration at which it is present in the mixture.

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2.55 The process of classifying mixtures involves the identification of

hazard category and risk phrases for each hazardous ingredient (at specific concentrations) which are then combined to provide the overall hazard category and risk phrases for the mixture.

2.56 Classification of mixtures is important in preparing labels and

MSDS, particularly with respect to selecting appropriate risk phrases. For example, below a specified concentration, most Corrosive ingredients are only classified as Irritants.

2.57 The following steps show how the List can be used to classify

mixtures. In the case of a mixture containing a number of ingredients, it will be helpful to complete a classification table, such as Table 2, to record the information extracted from the List.

Table 2

Classification table for hazardous ingredient(s) Classification

Concentration limits HC Risk phrases Conc. > < Conc. < < Conc. < < Conc. < < Conc. <

HC Hazard category Conc. Concentration Step 1 Identify each ingredient using one or more of the 'substance

identification' information fields, that is, substance name, CAS Number or UN number.

Step 2 Determine whether the concentration of each ingredient is above

the minimum concentration cut-off level in last entry in the cut-offs column in the List. If any ingredient is present above its minimum concentration cut-off level, then the mixture is determined to be Hazardous.

Step 3 To classify a hazardous mixture, take each ingredient in turn and

using the cut-offs column transcribe the details from the line entry for the relevant concentration into the classification table (Table 3).

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Step 4 Read off the hazard category and risk phrases from the tables for each ingredient at the specific concentrations that each ingredient is present in the mixture.

Step 5 Determine the overall hazard category for the mixture by

combining all the hazard categories (for each ingredient) determined in Step 3. If more than one category from Harmful (Xn), Toxic (T) and Very Toxic (T+) apply, use only one category according to the priority order T+ > T > Xn. A mixture will only be classified as an Irritant (Xi) overall if it only contains hazardous ingredients classified by Xi.

Step 6 Combine all risk phrases for each ingredient (Step 3) to give the

risk phrases appropriate for the mixture. Certain risk phrases should not be used together (such as R20 and/or R21 and/or R22 with R23 and/or R24 and/or R25, or R36 and/or R37 and/or R38 with R34 or R35). In these cases the most severe risk phrase is used. For example, R26, Very Toxic by inhalation, supersedes R23, Toxic by inhalation, supersedes R20 Harmful by inhalation.

Note: The List also includes safety phrases for most substances. The identification of safety phrases is not an integral part of classification, but is important for the production of labels and MSDS. The selection of appropriate safety phrases for these purposes is discussed in the National Code of Practice for the Labelling of Workplace Substances [NOHSC:2012(1994]6 and the National Code of Practice for the Preparation of Material Safety Data Sheets [NOHSC:2011(1994)]7 respectively.

2.58 In the following examples, reference is made to the above

procedure (Steps 1 to 6) to illustrate how the List can be used to classify mixtures containing hazardous ingredients.

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Example 1 A mixture containing 2% Propylene imine Step 1 The only hazardous ingredient present in the mixture is

Propylene imine. It is identified in the alphabetical listing of substance names. The health hazard cut-off data for Propylene imine (from the alphabetical index part of the List) is as follows:

Table 3

Name Cas No Un No Cut-offs

Propylene imine 75-55-8 1921 Conc>10%: T+; R45; R26/27/28; R41 >7%Conc<10%: T+; R45; R26/27/28; R36 >5%Conc<7%: T; R45; R23/24/25; R36 >1%Conc<5%: T; R45; R23/24/25 >0.1%Conc<1%: T; R45; R20/21/22

Step 2 The 2% concentration is above the lowest concentration cut-off

level for Propylene imine (that is, 0.1%), so the mixture is determined to be Hazardous.

Step 3 The relevant line from the cut-off column: >1%Conc<5%: T; R45; R23/24/25, is inserted into the table. Step 4 Since there is only one ingredient, no further entries are needed Step 5 The hazard category is Toxic, R45; R23/24/25 Step 6 Since there is only one hazardous substance in the ingredients

no further classification is necessary. Note: R11 (which is found in the Classification column of the List for

propylene imine) is a physicochemical risk phrase (see Table 4). Such risk phrases are given in the List for completeness as they have been assigned in the European listing of classifications. Readers should refer to State and Territory dangerous goods legislation for criteria for identification of physicochemical hazards.

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Example 2 A mixture containing 0.5% Carbon tetrachloride, 15% Vinylidene chloride and 15% Propargyl alcohol; Step 1 All three ingredients Carbon tetrachlorid e, Vinylidene chloride

and Propargyl alcohol have entries in the List. They are identified from the alphabetical index part of the List as follows:

Table 4 Name Cas No UN No Cut-offs

TETRACHLOROMETHANE [CARBON TETRACHLORIDE]

56-23-5 1846 Conc>1%: T; R40; R23/24/25; R48/23 >0.2%Conc<1%: Xn; R20/21/22; R48/20

1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE [VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE]

75-35-4 1303 Conc>12.5%: Xn; R40; R20 >1%Conc<12.5%: Xn; R40

PROP-2-YN-1-OL [PROPARGYL ALCOHOL]

107-19-7 1986 Conc>25%: T; R23/24/25; R34 >10%Conc<25%: C; R34; R20/21/22 >5%Conc<10%: Xn; R20/21/22; R36/38 >3%Conc<5%: Xn; R20/21/22

Step 2 All three ingredients are present in the mixture at concentrations

exceeding the lowest concentration cut-off level. The mixture is therefore determined to be Hazardous.

Step 3 The relevant lines from the cut-off columns are inserted in the

table: That is: Carbon tetrachloride >0.2%Conc<1%: Xn; R20/21/22; R48/20, Vinylidene chloride Conc>12.5%: Xn; R40; R20 Propargyl alcohol >10%Conc<25%: C; R34; R20/21/22 are inserted into the table. Step 4 Appropriate risk phrases and classifications are then identified: From the extracts from the List in Table 4 it can be seen that For Carbon tetrachloride

From 1% to 100% classified as Toxic: Conc>1%: T; R40; R23/24/25; R48/23. From 0.2% up to 1% classified as Harmful: 0.2%Conc<1%: Xn; R20/21/22; R48/20

For Vinylidene chloride

From 12.5% to 100% classified as Harmful: Conc>12.5%: Xn; R40; R20 From 1% up to 12.5% classified as Harmful: >1%Conc<12.5% Xn; R40

For Propargyl alcohol From 25% to 100% classified as Toxic: Conc>25%: T; R23/24/25; R34 From 1% up to 12.5% classified as Harmful: >10%Conc<25%:C, R34; R20/21/22

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Note: R10 is a physicochemical risk phrase (see Table 6). Such risk phrases are given in the List for completeness as they have been assigned in the European listing of classifications. Readers should refer to State and Territory dangerous goods legislation for criteria for identification of physicochemical hazards.

Step 5 Apply the appropriate equations for risk classifications for mixtures which are

additive. For these calculations of mixtures refer to the Approved Criteria2 Chapter 6 for the appropriate equations to use.

For Toxic (T) mixtures with risk phrases (R23/24/25). In our example both carbon tetrachloride and propargyl alcohol are classifiable in the toxic category

Mixtures containing more than one Toxic (T) ingredient are classified as Toxic (R23/24/25) if:

where,

PT is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Toxic (R23, R24, R25) ingredient in the mixture.

LT is the Toxic (T) concentration cut-off level specified for each Toxic (R23, R24, R25) ingredient expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

=

= 0.5 + 0.67 = 1.17

Since the sum is greater than 1 the mixture is classified as Toxic and risk phrases R23/24/25 apply. Note: Since this classification is a more severe classification than

Harmful R20/21/22 no classification of harmful cut-offs needs to be performed as it would simply reiterate this result at a less hazardous level.

Σ( )≥1PT

LT

0.5 151.0 25+

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Other risk phrases and hazard classifications: From carbon tetrachloride R48/23 applies since R23 applies (above), From vinylidene chloride R40 applies From propargyl alcohol R34 applies, (Please note R34 asssumes R41 is included and should be added whenever R34/35 applies) Note none of these hazard classifications is additive or exclusive so therefore all apply. Steps 6 The hazard category(ies) and risk phrases for any mixture

containing these ingredients are obtained by combining the relevant information for each substance from the above, that is:

Conclusion:

For a mixture containing 0.5% carbon tetrachloride, 15% vinylidene chloride and 15% propargyl alcohol the final hazard/risk phrase classification is T (toxic), C (corrosive): R23/24/25, R34/41, R48/23, R40

2.59 It should be noted that where a mixture contains two or more

ingredients that are on the List but which are present in the mixture below their respective minimum concentration cut-off levels, the criteria and formulae in Appendix IV should be applied, provided no ingredients are present in the mixture above their maximum concentration cut-off levels.

2.60 If the above ingredients were present in another mixture all below

their respective minimum concentration cut-off levels, the mixture could still be designated as Hazardous overall (see below 2.60). Carbon tetrachloride and Propargyl alcohol are classified as Toxic ingredients (R23/24/25). Vinylidene chloride is classified as a Harmful ingredient (R20).

2.61 Mixtures containing more than one Very Toxic (T+), Toxic (T) or

Harmful (Xn) ingredient are classified as Harmful (R20, R21, R22) if:

Σ(PT

+

LXn)≥1PT

LXn+

PXn

LXn+

where,

PT+ is the percentage by weight or by volume of each

Very Toxic (R26, R27, R28) ingredient in the mixture.

19


PXn is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Harmful (R20, R21, R22) ingredient in the mixture.

LXn is the Harmful (Xn) concentration cut-off level specified for each Very Toxic (R26, R27, R28), Toxic (R23, R24, R25) or Harmful (R20, R21, R22) ingredient expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

2.62 Applying this formula to the following two examples:

(a) A mixture containing 0.1% Carbon tetrachloride, 0.5% Vinylidene chloride and 2% Propargyl alcohol:

= = 1.67

As the sum of the quotients is greater than 1, that is, 1.67, the above mixture is determined to be hazardous and should be classified as Harmful with risk phrase R20/21/22.

(b) A mixture containing 0.1% Carbon tetrachloride, 0.2%

Vinylidene chloride and 0.5% Propargyl alcohol: = = 0.87

As the sum of the quotients is less than 1, that is, 0.87, the above mixture is determined not to be hazardous.

0.1 0.5 2.0 0.2 1.0 3.0+ +

0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 1.0 3.0+ +

20

Referenced documents 1. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, 'National Model

Regulations for the Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances' [NOHSC:1005(1994)], in Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances: National Model Regulations and National Code of Practice, AusInfo, Canberra, 1994.

2. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, Approved Criteria

for Classifying Hazardous Substances [NOHSC:1008(1999)], AusInfo, Canberra, 1999.

3. Federal Office of Road Safety, Australian Code for the Transport of

Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail, 6th Edition, AusInfo, Canberra, 1998. 4. EEC Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws,

regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances, Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L196 (16 August 1967).

5. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, 'Adopted National

Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants in the Occupational Environment' [NOHSC:1003(1995)], in Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants in the Occupational Environment, AusInfo, Canberra, 1995.

6. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, National Code of

Practice for the Labelling of Workplace Substances [NOHSC:2012(1994)], AusInfo, Canberra, 1994.

7. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, National Code of

Practice for the Preparation of Material Safety Data Sheets [NOHSC:2011(1994)], AusInfo, Canberra, 1994.

8. EC Council Directive 96/54/EC adapting to technical progress for the

twenty-second time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances, Official Journal of the European Communities No. L248 (30 September 1996)

21

Appendix I

Key to relevant Risk Phrases (health effects only) Includes combination Risk Phrases

R20 Harmful by inhalation.

R21 Harmful in contact with skin.

R22 Harmful if swallowed.

R23 Toxic by inhalation.

R24 Toxic in contact with skin.

R25 Toxic if swallowed.

R26 Very toxic by inhalation.

R27 Very toxic in contact with skin.

R28 Very toxic if swallowed.

R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gas.

R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.

R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas.

R33 Danger of cumulative effects.

R34 Causes burns.

R35 Causes severe burns.

R36 Irritating to eyes.

R37 Irritating to respiratory system.

R38 Irritating to skin.

R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects.

R40 Possible risks of irreversible effects.

R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes.

R42 May cause sensitisation by inhalation.

R43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact.

R45 May cause cancer.

R46 May cause heritable genetic damage.

R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure.

R49 May cause cancer by inhalation.

R60 May impair fertility

22

Risk Phrases (continued) R61 May cause harm to the unborn child.

R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility.

R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.

R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies.

R65 Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed.

R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin.

R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.

R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin.

R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.

R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin.

R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.

R26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.

R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin.

R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.

R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and sk in.

R39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation.

R39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin.

R39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed.

R39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin.

R39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed.

R39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

23

Risk Phrases (continued)

R39/26 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation.

R39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin.

R39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed.

R39/26/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin.

R39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed.

R39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation.

R40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin.

R40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed.

R40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin.

R40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed.

R40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R42/43 May cause sensitisation by inhalation and skin contact.

R48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation.

R48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin.

R48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed.

R48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin.

R48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed.

R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

24

Risk Phrases (continued)

R48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation.

R48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin.

R48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed.

R48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin.

R48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed.

R48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed.

R48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

25

Appendix II Key to Non Health Effect Risk Phrases Physico-chemical (R1-19) and Environmental (R51-59)

R1 Explosive when dry - R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition - R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition - R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds - R5 Heating may cause an explosion - R6 Explosive with or without contact with air - R7 May cause fire - R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire - R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material - R10 Flammable - R11 Highly Flammable - R12 Extremely Flammable - R14 Reacts violently with water - R15 Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases - R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidising substances - R17 Spontaneously flammable in air - R18 In use may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture - R19 May form explosive peroxides R50: Very toxic to aquatic organisms R51: Toxic to aquatic organisms R52: Harmful to aquatic organisms R53: May cause long term adverse effects in the aquatic environment R54: Toxic to flora R55: Toxic to fauna R56: Toxic to soil organisms R57: Toxic to bees R58: May cause long term adverse effects in the environment R59: Dangerous for the ozone layer

26

Appendix III Key to safety phrases

S1 Keep locked up.

S2 Keep out of the reach of children.

S3 Keep in a cool place.

S4 Keep away from living quarters.

S5 Keep contents under ... (there follows the name of a liquid).

S6 Keep under ... (there follows the name of an inert gas).

S7 Keep container tightly closed.

S8 Keep container dry.

S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place.

S12 Do not keep the container sealed.

S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal foodstuffs.

S14 Keep away from ... (a list of incompatible materials will follow).

S15 Keep away from heat.

S16 Keep away from sources of ignition.

S17 Keep away from combustible material.

S18 Handle and open container with care.

S20 When using, do not eat or drink.

S21 When using do not smoke.

S22 Do not breathe dust.

S23 Do not breathe vapour.

S24 Avoid contact with skin.

S25 Avoid contact with eyes.

S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.

S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds.

S29 Do not empty into drains.

S30 Never add water to this product.

S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges.

S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way.

S36 Wear suitable protective clothing.

27

Safety Phrases (continued)

S37 Wear suitable gloves.

S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, Wear suitable respiratory equipment.

S39 Wear eye / face protection.

S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use .... (there follows suitable cleaning material).

S41 In case of fire and / or explosion do not breathe fumes.

S42 During fumigation / spraying wear suitable respiratory equipment.

S43 In case of fire use ... (there follows the type of fire-fighting equipment to be used.)

S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)

S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.

S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding...

S48 To be kept wet with (there follows a material name).

S49 Keep only in the original container.

S50 Do not mix with ...

S51 Use only in well ventilated areas.

S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas.

S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.

S56 Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point.

S57 Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination.

S59 Refer to manufacturer / supplier for information on recovery / recycling.

S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.

S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.

S62 If swallowed, do not induce vomiting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label

S1/2 Keep locked up and out of the reach of children - S3/7 Keep container tightly closed in a cool place - S3/9/14 Keep in a cool well ventilated place away from .... (incomapatible

materials to be indicated by manufacturer) -

28

Safety Phrases (continued) S3/9/14/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool well ventilated place

away from .... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer) -

S3/9/49 Keep only in the original container in a cool well ventilated place - S3/14 Keep in a cool place away from .... (incompatible materials to be

indicated by the manufacturer) - S7/47 Keep Container tightly closed and at a temperature not

exceeding...°C (to be specified by manufacturer) - S7/8 Keep container tightly closed and dry - S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well ventilated place - S20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke - S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes - S29/56 Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container

to hazardous or special waste collection point - S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves - S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection - S36/39 Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection - S37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection - S47/49 Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ....

°C (to be specified by manufacturer)

Note: There are no safety phrases S10, S11, S19, S31 or S32 in accordance with the National Commisson's National Code of Practice for the Labelling of Workplace Substances [NOHSC:2012(1994)]6.

29

Appendix IV Classification of mixtures where ingredients do not exceed the concentration cut-off levels

A1.1 For mixtures containing more than one hazardous substance in

individual concentrations below the relevant concentration cut-off levels, formulae are provided to determine if the mixture is a hazardous substance, and to classify the substance so that the proper risk phrases can be assigned.

A1.2 The formulae are applicable only for substances with either acute

lethal, corrosive or irritant effects. The concentration cut-off levels from Chapter 5 (Approved Criteria) are used in the formulae.

A1.3 These formulae provide a safeguard, as substances with similar

health effects can produce an additive effect greater than would be suggested by their individual concentrations.

A1.4 For calculating the additive effects of hazardous ingredients in

mixtures (at concentrations below their concentration cut-off levels) in order to determine the hazard classification of the mixture, the following procedure is used:

• Identify the ingredient classification in the first column of the

appropriate table in Chapter 5 (Approved Criteria).

• Compare the concentration of the ingredient in the mixture with the concentration cut-off levels in the table for the ingredient classification.

• Check to see if two or more ingredients are classified with acute lethal, corrosive or irritant effects.

• For each type of health effect (that is, acute lethal, corrosive or irritant effects) use the formulae listed below to classify the mixture, beginning with the most severe classification for each health effect. For example, determine whether the mixture is Very Toxic (T+) before determining whether it is Toxic.

• For each denominator in the equation, select the concentration cut-off level for the ingredient which is

30

appropriate for the mixture classification. For example, in the case of a Very Toxic (T+) ingredient, the concentration cut-off level (Table 1) is 7% for a Very Toxic (T+) mixture, 1% for a Toxic mixture and 0.1% for a Harmful mixture.

• Where a concentration range is indicated in the Approved

Criteria, use the lowest concentration cut-off level as the denominator in the equation, for example, use 3% if the range shown in Table 1 is 3% < conc < 25%.

Acute lethal effects

EXPLANATORY NOTES REGARDING APPLICATION OF FORMULAE

A1.5 Lethality resulting from different routes of exposure is considered to be additive for the purpose of applying the following formulae. The appropriate combination risk phrases is then assigned to the mixture.

Very Toxic (T+) mixtures (R26, R27, R28)

A1.6 Mixtures contain ing more than one Very Toxic (T+) ingredient are classified as Very Toxic (R26, R27, R28) if:

Σ(PT

+

LT+)≥1

where,

PT+ is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Very Toxic (R26, R27, R28) ingredient in the mixture.

LT+ is the Very Toxic (T+) concentration cut-off level specified for each Very Toxic (R26, R27, R28) ingredient expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

31

Toxic (T) mixtures (R23, R24, R25)

A1.7 Mixtures containing more than one Very Toxic (T+) or Toxic (T) ingredient are classified as Toxic (R23, R24, R25) if:

Σ(PT

+

LT)≥1PT

LT+

where,

PT+ is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Very Toxic

(R26, R27, R28) ingredient in the mixture.


LT is the Toxic (T) concentration cut-off level specified for each Very Toxic (R26, R27, R28) or Toxic (R23, R24, R25) ingredient expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

Harmful (Xn) mixtures (R20, R21, R22)

A1.8 Mixtures containing more than one Very Toxic (T+), Toxic (T) or Harmful (Xn) ingredient are classified as Harmful (R20, R21, R22) if:

Σ(PT

+

LXn)≥1PT

LXn+

PXn

LXn+

where,

PT+ is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Very Toxic

(R26, R27, R28) ingredient in the mixture.


PXn is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Harmful (R20, R21, R22) ingredient in the mixture.

LXn is the Harmful (Xn) concentration cut-off level specified for each Very Toxic (R26, R27, R28), Toxic (R23, R24, R25) or Harmful (R20, R21, R22) ingredient expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

32

Corrosive (C) effects (R34, R35) Corrosive mixtures (R35)

A1.09 Mixtures containing more than one Corrosive (R35) ingredient are classified as Corrosive (R35) if:

Σ(PC.R35)≥1

LC.R35

where,

PC.R35 is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Corrosive (R35) ingredient in the mixture.

LC.R35 is the Corrosive (R35) concentration cut-off level specified for each Corrosive ingredient with risk phrase R35 expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

Corrosive mixtures (R34)

A1.10 Mixtures containing more than one Corrosive (R34) ingredient are classified as Corrosive (R34) if:

Σ(PC.R35 )≥1

LC.R34+

PC.R34

LC.R34

where,

PC.R35 is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Corrosive ingredient with risk phrase R35 in the mixture.


LC.R34 is the Corrosive (R34) concentration cut-off level specified for each Corrosive ingredient with risk phrase R34 expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

33

Irritant (Xi) effects (R36, R37, R38, R41)

EXPLANATORY NOTES REGARDING APPLICATION OF FORMULAE

A1.11 Corrosive ingredients assigned risk phrases R35 or R34 are considered capable of causing serious eye damage and/or skin irritation. Consequently, these ingredients can contribute to the overall Irritant (R41/R38) classification of the mixture. (Refer to the Approved Criteria2.for further information.)

Irritant mixtures with risk of serious eye damage (R41)

A1.12 Mixtures containing more than one Corrosive or Irritant (Xi) ingredient with risk phrase R41 assigned are classified as Irritant (R41) if:

Σ( )≥1PXi.R41

LXi.R41 where,

PXi,R41 is the percentage by weight or by volume of each irritant ingredient with risk phrase R41 in the mixture.

.

LXi.R41 is the Irritant (Xi R41) concentration cut-off level for specified irritant ingredient which is assigned risk phrase R41 expressed as a percentage by weight.

Skin Irritant mixtures (R38)

A1.13 Mixtures containing more than one corrosive or Irritant (Xi) ingredient with risk phrase R38 assigned are classified as Irritants (R38) if:

Σ( )≥1+ +PC.R35

LXi.R38

PC.R34

LXi.R38

PXi.R38

LXi.R38

where,

34



PXi.R38 is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Irritant ingredient with risk phrase R38 in the mixture.

LXi.R38 is the Irritant (Xi) concentration cut-off level specified for each Corrosive ingredient assigned with risk phrase R35 or R34 or Irritant ingredient with risk phrase R38 expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

Eye Irritant mixtures (R36)

A1.14 Mixtures containing more than one eye irritant R36 (Xi) ingredient with risk phrases R35, R34, R41 or R36 assigned are classified as Irritants (R36) if:

Σ( )≥1PXi.R41

LXi.R36+

PXi.R36

LXi.R36

where,

PXi,R41 is the percentage by weight of each corrosive ingredient with risk phrase R35,R34 or R41 in the mixture.

PXi,R36 is the percentage by weight or by volume of each corrosive ingredient with risk phrases R36 in the mixture.

LXi.R36 is the Irritant (Xi) concentration cut-off level specified for each Corrosive ingredient with risk phrase R35, R34 or R41 or Irritant ingredient with risk phrase R36 expressed as a percentage by weight.

35

Respiratory Irritant mixtures (R37)

A1.15 Mixtures containing more than one Irritant (Xi) ingredient with risk phrase R37 assigned are classified as Irritants (R37) if:

Σ( )≥1PXi.R37

LXi.R37

where,

PXi.R37 is the percentage by weight or by volume of each Irritant ingredient with risk phrase R37 in the mixture.

LXi.R37 is the Irritant (Xi) concentration cut-off level specified for each Irritant ingredient with risk phrase R37 expressed as a percentage by weight or by volume.

36


LIST OF DESIGNATED HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

NOTES, ABBREVIATIONS AND NOTATIONS

CAS NUMBER INDEX (blue)

ALPHABETICAL INDEX

(buff)

List of Designated Hazardous Substances

38

Notes for this Edition:

Classification, Risk Phrase Selection Simply go to the cut-offs column choose the appropriate concentration and read off the result. No footnotes, no pages to turn. But REMEMBER ADDITIVE EFFECTS (see p12 and p26) Classification of substances with only A in the Source Column Substances listed in the Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants in the Occupational Environment [NOHSC:1003] are classified as Hazardous according to Worksafe Australia Criteria but this hazard is concerned with ATMOSPHERIC CONTAMINATION. That is, a solid or liquid substance does not necessarily present a hazard because of its listing in the Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants in the Occupational Environment. These standards for occupational exposure are concerned with concentrations of substances in the atmosphere of gases, vapours, fumes, mists, aerosols and the like. However processing (accidental or intentional) of such solids or liquids in the occupational environment may release atmospheric hazards. Classifiers must derive their own risk classification (Risk phrases, Safety phrases and any other pertinent advice) according to the Approved Criteria2. This List only provides required classification information for substances classified within the EU or Australian government agencies.

CHECK OUT THE SEARCH ENGINE FOR THE LIST AT http://www.nohsc.gov.au

LOOK UNDER CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT – HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES


39

Abbreviations and Notations Source Column A Listed in the Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants in the

Occupational Environment [NOHSC:1003(1995)] (and updates to 1998) P Australian Petroleum Institute EU Listed in the European Union Annex I of the EEC Council Directive

67/548/EEC (as updated by EC Council Directive 96/54/EC 8

N NICNAS-Australian Chemical Assessment Review R Under Review Classification and Labelling C Corrosive E Explosive F+ Extremely Flammable F Flammable N Dangerous for the Environment O Oxidizing T+ Very Toxic T Toxic Xn Harmful XI Irritant Labelling Column Notes NOTE A: The name of the substance should appear on the label in the form of one of the

designations given [under 'Name:' or 'Synonyms' in the Full Text field of the record.]. [Under 'Name:' or 'Synonyms' in the Full Text field] use is sometimes made of a general designation such as: "...compounds" or "...salts". In this case, the manufacturer or any other person who markets such a substance should state on the label the correct chemical name, Example: for BeC12: beryllium chloride

NOTE B: Some substances (acids, bases, etc) are placed on the market in aqueous

solutions at various concentrations and therefore require different labelling since the hazards vary. For aqueous solutions the label shown [under 'Labelling Information' in the Full Text field of the record] is for the highest concentration range given under the concentration limits which are shown [in fields CONC Concentrations, CN Concentration Notes and CF Concentration Footnotes]. For lower concentration ranges, safety phrases should be selected according to the normal rules for preparations.


40

[Under 'Name:' or 'Synonyms' in the Full Text field], a general designation of the following type is used: "...% nitric acid". In this case the manufacturer or any other person who markets such a substance should give on the label the percentage concentration of the solution. Example: 45% nitric acid Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that the percentage concentration is calculated on a weight/weight basis. The use of other data (eg specific gravity, degrees Baumé) or descriptive phrases (eg fuming or glacial) is permissible.

NOTE C: Some organic substances may be marketed either in a specific isomeric form

or as a mixture of several isomers. [Under 'Name:' or 'Synonyms' in the Full Text field], a general designatio n of the following type is sometimes used: "xylenol" In this case the manufacturer or any other person who markets such a substance should state on the label whether the substance is a specific isomer (a) or a mixture of isomers (b). Example: (a) 2,4-dime thylphenol (b) xylenol (mixture of isomers)

NOTE D: Certain substances which are susceptible to spontaneous polymerization or

decomposition are generally placed on the market in a stabilized form. This is the form that is listed in the database [under 'Name:' or 'Synonyms' in the Full Text field]. However, such substances are sometimes placed on the market in a non-stabilized form. In this case, the manufacturer or any person who places such a substance on the market should state on the label the name of the substance followed by the words "non-stabilized".

Example: methacrylic acid (non-stabilized).

NOTE E: For substances ascribed Note E the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24,

R25, R26, R27 and R28 and all combinations of these risk phrases should be preceded by the word "also". Examples: R23: "also toxic by inhalation". R27/28: "also very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed"

NOTE F: This substance may contain a stabilizer. If the stabilizer changes the

dangerous properties of the substance, as indicated by the label [under 'Labelling Information' in the Full Text field], a label should be provided in accordance with the rules for the labelling of dangerous preparations.


41

NOTE G: This substance may be marketed in an explosive form in which case it should be evaluated using the appropriate test methods and a label should be provided reflecting its explosive property.

NOTE H: The classification and label shown for this substance applies only to the

dangerous property (ies) indicated by the risk phrase(s) in combination with the categor(ies) of danger shown. The requirements of Article 6 of directive 67/548/EEC on manufacturers, distributors and importers of this substance apply to all other aspects of classification and labelling. The final label shall follow the requirements of section 7 of Annex VI of directive 67/548/EEC. This note applies only to certain coal- and oil-derived complex substances in Annex I.

NOTE J: The classification of a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the

substances contain less than 0.1% w/w benzene (EINECS no 200-753-7). This note only applies to certain complex coal- and oil- derived substances in Annex I.

NOTE K: The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the

substances contain less than 0.1% w/w 1,3 butadiene (EINECS no 203-450-8). If the substance is not classified as a carcinogen, at least the S-phrases (2-)9-16 should apply. This note only applies to certain complex oil-derived substances in Annex I.

NOTE L: The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the

substance contains less than 3% DMSO extract as measured by IP 346. This note only applies to certain complex oil-derived substances in Annex I.

NOTE M: The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the

substance contains less than 0.005 % w/w benzo[a]pyrene (EINECS no 200-028-5). This note only applies to certain complex coal-derived substances in Annex I.

NOTE N: The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if the full refining history is

known and it can be shown that the substance from which it is produced is not a carcinogen. This note only applies to certain complex oil-derived substances in Annex I.

NOTE P: The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the

substance contains less than 0.1 % w/w benzene (EINECS no 200-753-7). When the substance is classified as a carcinogen Note E shall also apply. When the substance is not classified as a carcinogen at least the S-phrases (2-)23-24-62 shall apply. This note only applies to certain complex oil-derived substances in Annex I.


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NOTE Q: The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the substance fulfils one of the following conditions: • a short-term biopersistence test by inhalation has shown that the fibres

longer than 0,00002 m have a weighted half life less than 10 days, or • a short-term biopersistence test by intratracheal instillation has shown

that the fibres longer than 0,00002 m have a weighted half life less than 40 days, or

• an appropriate intra-peritoneal test has shown no evidence of excess carcinogenicity, or

• absence of relevant pathogenicity or neoplastic changes in a suitable long term inhalation test.

NOTE R: The classification as a carcinogen need not apply to fibres with a length

weighted geometric mean diameter less two standard errors greater than 0,000006 m.

Documents

LIST OF DESIGNATED HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES …