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Managing Public Enterprises First session [email protected]

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Managing Public Enterprises

First session

[email protected]

Nature of the class Interactive Thoughtful Challenging Open Six discussion teams for case studies

Summary, lessons, application

Noble Thoughts

What is Public Administration? “PA may be defined as all processes,

organizations and individuals associated with carrying out laws and other rules adopted or issued by legislatures, executives and courts.” Inclusive definition: administrators are the

foremost, but not the only individuals in PA Gordon/Milakovich (authors)

Other definitions of PA

“Public administration is detailed and systematic execution of the law” Woodrow Wilson includes only the administrator excludes policy formulation as well as

elected officials

Still other definitions

“Whatever governments do for good or ill. It is public administration’s political context that makes it public--that distinguishes it from private or business administration.”

Shafritz and RussellBoth inclusive and confusing

Summary of the Most of the Definitions

Formulation and Implementation of

Public Policies

Follow order of Executive Branch of

Government

Implement laws made by Executive , Legislature and

Courts

What can we conclude about PA? in more Simple words :

It is conveys activity

Concerned with public service (what government can give to people)

Tends to be concentrated in the executive branch

Usually connected with implementing the law

PA is also a field of study

People take undergraduate and graduate courses to learn how to manage public programs and respond to public needs

Also learn how to operate in a public rather than a private environment

Evolution of Public Administration

Political Administration ( 1887)

Organizational Behaviors (1920 onwards)

Administrative Behavior by Simons 1940s : overall application

New Era of Public Administration

Science of Management (1900s)

Post War Development and Modernization in PA , Riggs

Major Themes of New Public Administration

Relevance

Values

Equity

Change

Relevance: It says that traditional Public Administration has little to say about contemporary problems.

Values: It says value-neutrality in Public Administration is an impossibility. It is less neutral and more normative.

Social Equity: Public Administration fails to work for changes which try to redress the deprivation of minorities;therefore, will likely be eventually used to repress those minorities.

Change: It attacks on the status quo and deep rooted power in permanent institutions. It requires positive, proactive and responsive administrators rather than authoritarian and ivory tower bureaucrats.

Equity: It focus more on democratic norms than operating in down top structure.

Involvement: Involving org’s members and its clients in decision making process.

Managerial View vs. Subject Matter View

POSDCoRB

Administrative Theory

& Applied

Administration

Idea By Luther Gulick

Idea By Walker

Punctuality, motivation, job security, team work, power ( public), high incentives( public)

Knowledge, work environment, political influence, qualifications, Corruption, Values

Scope of organization, Structure Hiring policies Check and balance Advance technology

How are Public and Private administration different?

How are Public and Private administration different?

•Goals•Incentives•Flexibility•Performance measures•Oversight•?•?•?•?•?•?

How to prepare a case write-up

Summary/Overview Lessons Connections

Bureaucracy What do you think of when you think of

bureaucracy?

Bureaucracy is a way of organizing to achieve work.

Bureaucracy is intended to maintain control and coordination of large groups

Max Weber (1864-1920)

German economist and social historian

Wrote essay on bureaucracy in 1911

Remains the most influential statement of what bureaucracy is, and what problems are

Major elements of a bureaucracy

Fixed authority and official jurisdictionspecialization

written, formal rules impersonal administration hierarchy of offices

chain of command career service with employment based

on qualifications

Negative consequences

Monopolize informationHard to destroyAmbivalent about democracyDehumanizing of the bureaucratAbility of anyone to controlPowerful

Thinking about bureaucracy

Do you agree with all, some or none of Weber’s negative consequences?

What examples do you have that support or refute his arguments?

Why have bureaucracies come to mean inefficient rather than efficient organizations?

Feed for the thoughts

What could be the role of a Good Administration in a State?

Do you think Public Administration is Science or Art?