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Nature of the class Interactive Thoughtful Challenging Open Six discussion teams for case studies
Summary, lessons, application
Noble Thoughts
What is Public Administration? “PA may be defined as all processes,
organizations and individuals associated with carrying out laws and other rules adopted or issued by legislatures, executives and courts.” Inclusive definition: administrators are the
foremost, but not the only individuals in PA Gordon/Milakovich (authors)
Other definitions of PA
“Public administration is detailed and systematic execution of the law” Woodrow Wilson includes only the administrator excludes policy formulation as well as
elected officials
Still other definitions
“Whatever governments do for good or ill. It is public administration’s political context that makes it public--that distinguishes it from private or business administration.”
Shafritz and RussellBoth inclusive and confusing
Summary of the Most of the Definitions
Formulation and Implementation of
Public Policies
Follow order of Executive Branch of
Government
Implement laws made by Executive , Legislature and
Courts
What can we conclude about PA? in more Simple words :
It is conveys activity
Concerned with public service (what government can give to people)
Tends to be concentrated in the executive branch
Usually connected with implementing the law
PA is also a field of study
People take undergraduate and graduate courses to learn how to manage public programs and respond to public needs
Also learn how to operate in a public rather than a private environment
Evolution of Public Administration
Political Administration ( 1887)
Organizational Behaviors (1920 onwards)
Administrative Behavior by Simons 1940s : overall application
New Era of Public Administration
Science of Management (1900s)
Post War Development and Modernization in PA , Riggs
Major Themes of New Public Administration
Relevance
Values
Equity
Change
Relevance: It says that traditional Public Administration has little to say about contemporary problems.
Values: It says value-neutrality in Public Administration is an impossibility. It is less neutral and more normative.
Social Equity: Public Administration fails to work for changes which try to redress the deprivation of minorities;therefore, will likely be eventually used to repress those minorities.
Change: It attacks on the status quo and deep rooted power in permanent institutions. It requires positive, proactive and responsive administrators rather than authoritarian and ivory tower bureaucrats.
Equity: It focus more on democratic norms than operating in down top structure.
Involvement: Involving org’s members and its clients in decision making process.
Managerial View vs. Subject Matter View
POSDCoRB
Administrative Theory
& Applied
Administration
Idea By Luther Gulick
Idea By Walker
Punctuality, motivation, job security, team work, power ( public), high incentives( public)
Knowledge, work environment, political influence, qualifications, Corruption, Values
Scope of organization, Structure Hiring policies Check and balance Advance technology
How are Public and Private administration different?
How are Public and Private administration different?
•Goals•Incentives•Flexibility•Performance measures•Oversight•?•?•?•?•?•?
How to prepare a case write-up
Summary/Overview Lessons Connections
Bureaucracy What do you think of when you think of
bureaucracy?
Bureaucracy is a way of organizing to achieve work.
Bureaucracy is intended to maintain control and coordination of large groups
Max Weber (1864-1920)
German economist and social historian
Wrote essay on bureaucracy in 1911
Remains the most influential statement of what bureaucracy is, and what problems are
Major elements of a bureaucracy
Fixed authority and official jurisdictionspecialization
written, formal rules impersonal administration hierarchy of offices
chain of command career service with employment based
on qualifications
Negative consequences
Monopolize informationHard to destroyAmbivalent about democracyDehumanizing of the bureaucratAbility of anyone to controlPowerful
Thinking about bureaucracy
Do you agree with all, some or none of Weber’s negative consequences?
What examples do you have that support or refute his arguments?
Why have bureaucracies come to mean inefficient rather than efficient organizations?
Feed for the thoughts
What could be the role of a Good Administration in a State?
Do you think Public Administration is Science or Art?
