LABORATORIO Nº4 Y Nº5.doc

8/18/2019 LABORATORIO Nº4 Y Nº5.doc

1/37

INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM

ÍNDICE

1.- RESUMEN……………………………………………………..Pág. 3

2.- OBJETIVOS…………………………………………………...Pág. 3

3.- FUNDAMENTO TEORICO…………………………………..Pág. 4

4.- EUIPOS E INSTRUMENTOS A UTILI!AR………………Pág. 1"

5.- DATOS…………………………………………………………Pág. 1#

".- CALCULOS Y RESULTADOS………………………………Pág. 21

$.- CONCLUSIONES Y OBSERVACIONES……………….....Pág. 3$

#.- BIBLIO%RAFIA…………………………………………….....Pág. 3$

1&.- ANE'OS……………………………………………………..Pág. 3#

MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.2


2/37


INFORME TECNICO DEL CUARTO Y QUINTO

LABORATORIO

1.- RESUMEN:

E( )*+,++ /0*+ + (**/ * ,*+ +( +,6/ + (, )*á+*,

+0+7/8,9 ,: 7 + (, )+*/, +7á/7, ; +0/7/+7/ +7á/7 + (,

*+, + +7+/ )* 7 + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*, + +( * D/ + *+ + +( * D/+,+( P++* @MEC. C (, , +/,

+( (**/ ,+ 7(76(* )*á+*, (+, 7 +( 7,6 +,)+7:0/7 +(

76,/(+9 +( + +0+7/89 (, )+7/, +0+7/89 //7 ; +

)+*/, +7á/7, ; +á, ( +0/7/+7/ +7á/7 ; +0+7/8. T/> ,+

68/+* (, 76*8, 7*7+*:,/7, @)*á+*, +0+7/8, + 067/= +(

*>g/+ + 8+(7/. A7/67/ ,+ 06+* ( +(g:

+)(+9 ; ),+*/*++ ,+ ,** ; (/* (, *+,6(,

+/,.

2.-OBJETIVOS:

• D++*/* (, 76*8, 7*7+*:,/7, + (, *+, EC ; EC.

•

E,6/* ( /0(6+7/ +( *>g/+ + 8+(7/ +( * ,*+ (g/6 + (, )>*/, +7á/7, + (, *+, EC ; EC.

• D++*/* ( /0(6+7/ +( *>g/+ + 7*g ,*+ +( 7,6

+,)+7:0/7 + 76,/(+ + (, *+, EC ; EC.

• D++*/* ( 8*/7/= + ( +0/7/+7/ +7á/7 + 067/= +( *>g/+

+ 8+(7/ + +( * EC.



3/37


• D++*/* ( 8*/7/= + ( +0/7/+7/ +0+7/8 + 067/= +( *>g/+

+ 8+(7/ )* +( 7, +( * EC.

3.- FUNDAMENTO TEORICO:

CARACTERÍSTICAS EXTERNAS DE VELOCIDAD.S+ +/ ,: ( 8*/7/=9 + 067/= + ( 0*+76+7/ + *7/= n9 + (

)+7/ +0+7/8 N+9 + )* +0+7/8 M+9 +( 7,6


4/37


• Var&a)#% D#+#*'*"#%: E )*/+* (6g* +( 7,6 +,)+7:0/7 +

76,/(+ @g+ ;9 + ,+g6 (6g* +( 7,6 */, +7á/7,9 ,+ +(+8 7,/+*(+++ (, :/7+,

+ +?)(7/=. P* /g6(+, 7/7/+, + 067//+ +( *

/0+*++, 7*g, ; *+g:++, + 8+(7/9 + 7, + *+67/* (, )>*/,

+7á/7,9 +7*+7+ ( 7/ + 7(* *,// ( +/ *+0*/g+*+ ;

/,/6;+ ( /+,/ + (, )/+, 0*/77/+, +( *. S/+ +*+,

(, )>*/, )* 0*/77/= /,/6;+ (, )>*/, + )+7/ 7,6/ )*

77/* ( + 7+/+ ; +( 8+/(*9 ,: 7 +g6 (, /+,/+,

á?/, ; (, ,, +( 8+/(* ; (, ,, +( */*. C6 +*+,

,+ (, )>*/, )* 0*/77/= +* ,+*á +( +,g,+ + (, )*/7/)(+,

)/+, 0*/77/+,9 ,+*á ;* ( 8/ /( ; +* +( +* + 0((, +(

* 6*+ ,6 ,+*8/7/.

A )+,* +( 7,/+*(+ )*7+, (7 + ( 0*/77/= + *+,9 (,

8(*+, + N @)+7/ +7á/7 , *+(/8++ )+6+, + +( *>g/+

/( g++*(++ ,6)+*/*+, + &9$5-&9#& N?. A( /,/6/* ( 7*g +(

8(* + N. +7*+7+.

L g/6 + (, )>*/, )* 0*/77/= 6+ +0// )* ( ,6 +

7)++, 8/76(, 7 +( +,)(/+ *+(/8 + (, )/,+, ;

/((, + (, 7/(/*,9 + (, 6(+, + (, 7,6/((,9 + (, 7/g+(+, ; +(

á*( + (+8, + (, 7H/++,9 +( 6> ; (, 8á(86(, + (, g6:,9 ,: 7

(, /,/g/0/7+, )>*/, + 8+/(7/= 6+9 )*+7+ ( g/** +( 7/g+( ; +(

8(+ ; ,6 0*/77/= 7 +( /*+.



5/37


L, 7)++, + (, )>*/, )* */+ +)++ )7 + ( 7*g

,*+ (, +(++, +( +7/, )+* +)++ )*á7/7++ + +*

(/+( ( *>g/+ + 8+(7/ +( * 7*7+*/ )* ( 8+(7/ +/

+( )/,=.

L, 7)++, + (, )>*/, )* */+ (:/+ +)++

,6,7/(++ + ( 77/= + (, g,+, ; + +* +/ + (, 06+*,

/+*7/(+,.

L, )>*/, +7á/7, @+ )* /0+*++, *+,G

PERDIDAS E7+/

C


6/37


PRDIDAS POR FRICCIN

L 0*/77/= + (, */76(7/+, 7 (6*/77/= (:/+ )6++ 7*+7+*

/+,++ ( +(+8* (, 7*g,9 6+ +,á ++*/, )* ( )*+,/= +(

g, ; (, 06+*, + /+*7/.

L 77/= + +, (/ ,*+ (, )/+, +( g*6) )/,= 7/(/* ,+ *+8+(

(+H, + (, )6, 6+*,9 76 ( 06+* + ,6,+7/= + ( 76

(6*/7+ +, *+(/8++ g*+. E, 767+ 6+ +( 7,6 )* 0*/77/=

+)++ >/(++ + (, 06+*, + /+*7/.

C *+,6( + ( )++*7/= +( g, + +( +,)7/ +*+ (, *, ; (,

*6*, +( )/,= ,6*g+ 6 )*+,/= +/ )6+ 6+ 7 ,*+

/7*/, )* 0*/77/=. S+ +,6/ (, ),/(+, 8:,G

D/,/67/= +( á*+ + 77 G S+ 7* (, ,6)+*0/7/+, + (, 0(/((, +

(, )/,+, ; +( +* + /((, +( )/,=.

L +(//7/= + 6 /(( + 7 )/,= /,/6;+ ( )>*/ + 0*/77/= +

6 )*+/ + &9&12 M).

P+*0+77/= + ( 0* ; 7(/ +( 7 + ( ,6)+*0/7/+ + 77. E(

*+(/+8+ + ( *6g,/ + ( ,6)+*0/7/+ + 77 ++ ,+* =)/. S/ (

*6g,/ +, +?7+,/8 )6++ /7*++*,+ /(+*(+++ (, )*+,/+, +

77. A6+* +( +,)*+//+ +,)+7:0/7 + 7(* 6+ 767+

*,)6*, ; ( +,g,+ + (, /((, ; +( 7/(/*.

MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.$


7/37


M+H*/+ + ( 7(/ + (, (6*/7+, 6+ ,+ +)(+G L, )>*/,

+7á/7, + (, *+, +)++ + ( 8/,7,/ +( 7+/+. E

7/7/+, *+(+, + 067//+ 6+ +0// )* ,6 7*7+*:,/7 +

8/,77/-+)+*6*. L +)+*6* +( (6*/7+ /0(6;+

7,/+*(+++ + (, )>*/, )* 0*/77/=9 ,/+ :/, +*+ #& ;

K&C.

O)//7/= +( +, >*/7 +( *G E( +, >*/7 + (, ,6)+*0/7/+,

+ (, )/+, 6+ +0// )* ( 7*g9 )* +( *>g/+ + 8+(7/ +(

* ; )* ( /+,/ + ,6 *+0*/g+*7/=.

I7*++ + ( 7*gG A( 6+* ( 7*g9 ( +)+*6* + ( 7)

(6*/7+ ,+ +(+89 ( 6+ )+*/+ +0//* */, )*

0*/77/=.

PRDIDAS EN EL INTERCAMBIO DE ASES

E (, *+, *á)/, + 6=8/( ( )*+ + )>*/, 7**+,)/++ (

/+*7/ + g,+, )6++ 7,/6/* */, (+,. P* +, , + 76(/ (, *H, /*/g/, *+67/* (, )>*/, + +(

/+*7/ + g,+, /,/6;+ (, *+,/,+7/, +*/á/7, + (

/,/= ; +( +,7)+.

POTENCIA

A ( )+7/ +,**(( + +( /+*/* +( 7/(/* +,á )(/7

:+g*++ ( 7/g+(9 )6+, 6 )*+ + +(( +, ,*/ )* (,

*+,/,+7/, ),/8, @7(*9 */+9 +7. F6+(++ )+,

/,/g6/* 3 7(,+, + )+7/ + +( *G ( //79 ( +0+7/8 ; (

,*/ @ +7á/7.

L )*/+* )6++ 7(76(*,+ )*/+ +( 7/7( //79 76; á*+ +(

/g* *+)*+,+ +( *H *+(/ )* +( 7/(/* 6*+ +( 7/7(. L

)+7/ +0+7/8 ,+ /++ //+ 7 á6/, )*)/, +( *H 6+

MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.#


8/37


+,á +,**(( +( *. L )+7/ ,*/ +, ( /0+*+7/ +*+ (,

, +*/*+, 6+ )6++ ,+* +/, /> 7 +( *H +7+,*/ )*

, + ( )*+,/=

+/ //7 +( 7/7(.

Ni Pmi Vh n

= × ×

120

LA POTENCIA EFECTIVA

L )+7/ +0+7/8 +, g++* )* 6 )* @)(/7 ( /+( ; *,// (

7/g+( ; ,+ 77+ /> 7 )+7/ ( 0*+ ; 6+ ,+ /+

+)(+ 6 /,),//8 0*++9 6+ )(/7 ( +H+ +( *9 ,+ )+ (

)* * )+*//+ (++* ,6 8(*.

LA POTENCIA MECANICA

R+,6( /0:7/( + +/* ( /8+*,/ + (, 76,, + (, )>*/, )*

*/+ ; (, (+*7/+, + ,6 8(* ( 8*/* (, 7/7/+, +

067//+. P6++ ++*,+ ,6 8(* ( //+ ( )+7/ +0+7/8 ;*+, + ( //7. C + +,+ )*7+//+ *+,6( 7)(+H (

++*/7/= + ( )+7/ ,*/ ,6+(+ 7+*7*,+ (/g g/** (

* ,/ 6+ +,+ 067/+. M//+ ( )*)/ /+) ( )+7/ 6+ +,

+7+,*/ +)(+*.

Ne Ni Nm −=

MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.K

9550

n Me Ne

×=


9/37


P* )+*/, +7á/7, ,+ +/++ (, )+*/, */g/, )* ( 0*/77/=

+*+ (, )/+, +( *9 +( /+*7/ + g,+,9 +( 77//+ +

+7/,, 6?/(/*+, @, + g69 + 7+/+9 + 76,/(+9 8+/(*9

g++** ; +( 77//+ +( 7)*+,* @,)(*. E (, *+, D/+,+(

7 7á*, + 76,/= ,+)*,9 (, )+*/, +7á/7, ,+ ++

/> (, )+*/, g,/á/7, 76**/, ( ),* ( +7( *8>, +(

7( 6+ 76/7 ( 7á* 6?/(/* 7 ( 7á* )*/7/)( +( *.

P* (g: ( )*+,/= +/ //79 76 ,+ +,6/ (, )>*/,

+7á/7,9 78+7/(++9 ,+ /*67+ +( 77+) + )*+,/= +/ +

)>*/, +7á/7,9 ( 76( 6>*/7++ +, /g6( ( *H +,)+7:0/7 +

)>*/, + 6 7/7(. M+á/7++ ( )*+,/= +/ + )+*/,

+7á/7, ,+ *+)*+,+ +/+ ( ,/g6/++ +?)*+,/=G

P m = P fr + P i.g + P aux + P v!" + P #$m%

+G

P0* GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* 0*/77/=.

P/.g GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* /+*7/ +

g,+,.

P6? GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* 77//+

+ +7/,, 6?/(/*+,.

P8+ GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* 8+/(7/=.

P7) GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* 77//+

+( 7)*+,* )* +( 7, + *+, 7

,*+(/+7/= +7á/7.

L, ;*+, )>*/, +7á/7, ,+ ++ (, )>*/, )* 0*/77/= P 0* 9 6+

7,/6;+


10/37


METODOS PARA ALLAR LAS PRDIDAS MEC/NICAS

L ++*/7/= + (, )>*/, +7á/7, ,+ )6++ +0+76* )* (,

,/g6/++, >,G

- M> )* **,*+ @*+

- M> )* /g* I/7

- M> + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*,

- M> +):*/7.

M4"('( +(r Arra%"r#

E +,+ >9 +( * + +,6/ ,+ +76+* )g. O* *9 6+

+,*á 7)( /*+7++ ( +,;9 ,+*á 77/ + ( 0* 6+ ,+

)6+ +/* +( 8(* + ( )+7/ ( +H+ 7,6/ +


11/37


F&,ra 1: M4"('( '# M("(r#(

M4"('( '# D#%!(*#5&6* '# C&&*'r(%

E,+ > ,+ *+(/ + 6 * 6(/7/(:*/79 7 +( * F*9 + (

0* 6+ ,+ )6+ +,7+7* 7 6 + +((, )* ,+)* )* ,:

*/, +7á/7,.

C+ *+,(* 6+ +/+ +,+ > (, 8(*+, +/, /++ 6

)*7+H+ + +***9 +)+/+ >,+ + 8*/, 07*+, +( * + +,6/9

7 ,G /) + *9 ,/,+ + +7+/9 g* + +,g,+9 ,/,+ +

(/+7/= + 76,/(+9 +7.

E,+ )*7+H+ + +***9 ,+ ++ ( +,7+, + (, *+8(67/+, (

+,7+7* 6 7/(/*9 ,/+ 6+ + +,, +)++ /*+7++ (

)+7/9 7 ( 76( -7*/ 6 *+(7/= +á/7 /*+79 +*+ (

)+7/ +( * 7 7/(/*, 067/ ;9 7 -1 7/(/*, 067/.

S/ (, 7/7/+ +( * + +,6/9 , (, +H*+, +( 7, (, *+(7/+,

,+ )*á +0+76* ; (, 8(*+, + (, )+*/, +7á/7, +/, ,+*á

,+ )*?/,.

A 7/67/= ,+ +(( ( *+(7/= +á/7 )* ++* ( )+7/

+0+7/8 (G

9550

*n Me Ne =

4321 −−−−+++=

iiii N N N N Ni …. (1)



12/37


eeeeeem

i

eim

eeeei

eeeei

eeeei

eeeei

N N N N N N N N paratenemosecuacionlade y

N N N Además

F F Ln

N N N

F F Ln

N N N

F F Ln

N N N

F F Ln

N N N

−−−−−=

−=

−=−=

−=−=

−=−=

−=−=

−−−−

−−−

−−−

−−−

−−−

)4(:)1(

efectiva.Potencia: Ne

indicada.Potencia: Ni

mecánicas.Perdidas: Nm

:Donde

:

)(9550

*

)(

9550

*

)(9550

*

)(9550

*

4321

444

333

222

111

R+,(8/+ ++,G

)3(9550

*4321 −−−−

−−−−=eeeeem

F F F F F Ln

N

D+ 6: +*:, ( ,/g6/++ g*á0/7G

N

NA2



13/37


F&,ra 2: Var&a!&6* '# N7 #* r4,&7#* '# 8#(!&'a'

E,+ > + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*, +, 6/(/ + +( * P++*

+/9 6+ +( * P++* +, 7/(/*/79 ,( +, )(/7(+ *+,

7 (/)(+, 7/(/*, 7 + +( 7, +( * F*. P* +( 7, +

*+, 7/(/*/7, ,+ 6/(/ +( > +( **,*+9 7 6 * +(>7*/7

+ 7**/++ 7/6.

M4"('( E7+$r&!(

S+ +7/ +*/*++ 6+ +( #& + (, )+*/, +7á/7, ,

)+*/, )* 0*/77/= ; +* + +,, 6 5& 7**+,)+ )*?/++

(, )/+, +( g*6) 7/(/*-+(9 )* ( 76( ( )*+,/= +/ + )+*/,

+7á/7, ++7+ ( ,/g6/++ *+(7/= +):*/7G

Pm = A + B.V %

+G

A ; B GS 7+0/7/++, +):*/7, 6+ +)++ +( /) + *.

V) GV+(7/ +/ +( *.

M*

E.C A B M* EC A B

SD1 &.&5 &.&155

Cá* +

76,/=

,+)*

&.1&5 &.13#

SD1 &.&4 &.&135

Cá* +

76,/= &.1&5 &.1&2



14/37


,+/,+)*

; ,+)*

Ta)a B: Va(r#% '# A 9 B +ara M("(r#%

E.C 9 E.C.

E,+ > +, 6 0* )*7/7 + ++* (, )+*/, +7á/7, + 6

* ; ,+ /+,+( ,+ 6 * g,(/.

.- EQUIPOS E INSTRUMENTOS UTILI;ADOS:

4.1.- MOTOR ECG

• U 7 + )*6+, + 6 * D/


15/37


F&,ra 2: M("(r Da&


16/37


• U 7 + )*6+, + 6 * D/+,+( P++* @+ 1 7/(/*

F&,ra : T#r767#"r( a a #*"ra'a F&,ra ?: M("(r E4!"r&!(

'# &@&'( r#r&,#ra*"#

F&,ra : M("(r P#""#r =EC> F&,ra : D&*a767#"r(

?.- DATOS:

5.1.- PARA EL BANCO DE PRUEBAS DEL MOTOR ECG

MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.1$


17/37


N


18/37


P+* C(*:0/7G 42.5 MJQg

• E,)+7/0/77/+, +( *G

/ 3 7/(/*,L 32 7 @* +( /=+*

5.2.- PARA EL BANCO DE PRUEBAS DEL MOTOR ECG

N


19/37


2 5&& 25 43 3#

3 5&& 3& 41 33

4 5&& 4& 2K 22

5 5&& 5& 2" 13

" 5&& 5K 21 #

$ 5&& $& 1#.5 5

# 5&& $K 1" 3

Ta)a : M#%"ra (% 'a"(% '# a)(ra"(r&( N? a+&!a*'( # 74"('( '#7("(r#( +ara * ? r+7 =!"#>

N @*) TE@C F@N P7+/+@PSI

1 2&& #& 5 1

2 3&& #& 11 1

3 4&& #& 15 1

4 5&& #& 1K 2

5 "&& #& 2" 5

" $&& $K 31 1&

$ #&& $K 3$ 1"

# K&& $# 43 2&

K 1&&& $# 4K 25

1& 11&& $$ 54 2$

11 12&& $$ "& 32

12 13&& $" "4 35

13 14&& $" "" 3#

14 15&& $" "K 42

Ta)a : M#%"ra (% 'a"(% '# a)(ra"(r&( N? a+&!a*'( # 74"('( '#7("(r#( +ara * 8ar&a)#

• E,)+7/0/77/+, +( 76,/(+G

lt kg Diesel !94.0= ρ

• E,)+7/0/77/+, +( *G

/ 1 7/(/*

L 31& @* +( /=+*

L 23& @* + )+*/, +7á/7,

.- CALCULOS Y RESULTADOS:

".1.- MOTOR ECG

MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.2&


20/37


CALCULO DE LOS PARAMETROS EFECTIVOS

U,*+, ( ( 1. L, )*á+*, +0+7/8, 7(76(* ,G

• M+ E0+7/8 @N-G

L F Me ×=

F G F6+* )(/7 ,*+ +( /=+* @NL G B* +( 0*+ @&.32

• P+7/ E0+7/8 @QG

9550

n Me Ne

×=

M+ G M+ E0+7/8 @N-

G RPM

•

C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Q


21/37



1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 300020

40

60

M+@N-2

330

340

350

360

370

380

390

400

g+@g*Q


22/37


VARIACION DEL CONSUMO ESPECÍFICO DE COMBUSTIBLE EN

RIMEN DE CARA

U,*+, (, , + ( ( 2.

• C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Qg/+ + 7*gG



23/37



2 4 6 8 10 12 14300

400

500

600

700

800

900

N+ @Q

g+ @g*Q


24/37


CALCULO DE PERDIDAS MECANICAS

S+ 6, +( > + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*, )* ( 6+ 6,*+, (, ,

+ ( ( 3G

• P+7/ E0+7/8 @QG

9550

n Me Ne

×=

M+ G M+ E0+7/8 @N-

G RPM

• P+7/ + P+*/, M+7á/7, @QG

∑=

−−=3

1

2i

i Ne Ne Nm

N+ G P+7/ E0+7/8 @Q

/ G 6+* + 7/(/*,

• P+7/ I/7 @QG

Nm Ne Ni +=

N+ G P+7/ E0+7/8 @Q

N G P+7/ + P+*/, M+7á/7, @Q

• E0/7/+7/ M+7á/7

Ni

Nm

Ni

Nem

−== 1η

P* )+* )*+7/* ( ++7/ + +,, )*á+*, (, *+, + 6

(G

N @*) F+ F+-1 F+-2 F+-3 N+ N+-1 N+-2 N+-3

1 3&&& #.$ 4.1 3.K 3.K #.5$K4 4.&432 3.#45K 3.#45K

2 2$&& 1&.2 4.K 4.# 4." K.&52$ 4.34#K 4.2"&1 4."

3 24&& 11." 5.# " " K.1513 4.5$5$ 4.$335 4.$335

4 21&& 13.2 ".K $ $ K.111K 4.$"3& 4.#321 4.#321

5 1#&& 14.4 # $.K $.K #.52&2 4.$335 4."$43 4."$43

Ta)a 1: M#%"ra a% +("#*!&a% ##!"&8a% '# !a'a !&&*'r(



25/37


N @*) N+ N N/

1 3&&& #.5$K4 5.423$ 14.&&31 &."12$

2 2$&& K.&52$ 5.413K 14.4""" &."25#

3 24&& K.1513 4.2"&1 13.4115 &."#244 21&& K.111K 3.$K"" 12.K &.$&5K

5 1#&& #.52&2 2.K5#4 11.4$#" &.$423

Ta)a 11: M#%"ra a% +("#*!&a% ##!"&8a% '# +4r'&'a% 7#!0*&!a% #&*'&!a'a 9 a #&!*!&a 7#!0*&!a #* *!&6* '# a% r+7

CALCULO DE LA EFICIENCIA EFECTIVA

U,, (, , + ( ( 3G

• E0/7/+7/ E0+7/8G

ge Hue

×

×=

310".3η

6 G P+* C(*:0/7 +( 76,/(+ @42.5 MJQg

g+ G C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Q


26/37


MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.2$

1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 30000

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

N+9 N29 N/ @Q

Ne

Nm

Ni

1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 30000.6

0.62

0.64

0.66

0.68

0.7

0.72

0.74

0.76

@*)2

2

%RAFICA DE LAS POTENCIAS EFECTIVA9 INDICADA9 DE PERDIDAS MECANICAS Y DE LA EFICIENCIA MECANICA EN FUNCION DEL RE%IMEN DE VELOCIDAD

nm

Condiones de Trabajo:

a) n: variable (1800rpm - 3000rpm)

b) hc = 25% (cte)

c) Temperatura del motor: Te (cte)


27/37


MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.2#

1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 30000.2

0.21

0.22

0.23

0.24

0.25

0.26

0.27

@*)2

+

%RAFICA DE LA EFICIENCIA EFECTIVA EN FUNCION DEL RE%IMEN DE VELOCIDAD

datos

ne

Condiciones de trabajo:

a) n : variable (1800rpm - 3000rpm)b) hc = 25% (cte)

c) Temperatura del motor : Te (cte)


28/37


".2.- MOTOR ECG

CALCULO DE LOS PARAMETROS EFECTIVOS

U,*+, (, , + ( ( 4. L, )*á+*, +0+7/8, 7(76(* ,G

•

M+ E0+7/8 @N-G L F Me ×=

F G F6+* )(/7 ,*+ +( /=+* @N

L G B* +( 0*+ @&.31

• P+7/ E0+7/8 @QG

9550

n Me Ne

×=

M+ G M+ E0+7/8 @N-

G RPM

• C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Q


29/37


MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.3&

1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 200020

22

24

26

M+ @N-2

%RAFICA DE LOS PARAMETROS EFECTIVOS EN FUNCION DEL RE%IMEN DE VELOCIDAD

300

350

400

450

g+ @g*Q


30/37


VARIACION DEL CONSUMO ESPECÍFICO DE COMBUSTIBLE EN

RIMEN DE CARA

U,*+, (, , + ( ( 5.

• C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Q


31/37



2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5300

320

340

360

380

400

420

440

N+ @Q

g+ @g*Q


32/37


CALCULO DE PERDIDAS MECANICAS

P* +,+ 7á(76( ,+ )(/7 +( > + *+9 )* ( 6+ 6,*+, (,

(, " ; $. A7/67/ ,+ 7(76(* (, )+*/, +7á/7, )* (,

/0+*++, /), + *+g/++,G

a> S#,* a 8ar&a!&6* '# a T '# &@&'( r#r&,#ra*"#

S+ 68 + 76+ (, ,/g6/++, 7/7/+, + *HG

• L, *) ,+ 68 7,+ @ 5&& *)

• T+)+*6* +( * @+)+*6* ( +* +( (/6/

*+0*/g+*+G TE 8*/ +,+ 1K C


33/37



20 30 40 50 60 700.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

Te (ºC)

N2@Q

%RAFICA DE LAS PERDIDAS MECANICAS EN FUNCION DE LA VARIACION DE LA TEMPERATURA DEL LIUIDO REFRI%ERANTE

Nm

datos

Condiciones de Trabajo:

a) n = 500 rpm (cte)

b) Te : variable (19ºC - 79ºC)

c) hc = 15 mm (cte)


34/37


)> R4,&7#* '# V#(!&'a'

S+ 68 + 76+ (, ,/g6/++, 7/7/+, + *HG

• L, *) 8*/* +,+ 2&& *)


35/37


MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.3"

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

@*)2

N2@Q

%RAFICA DE LAS PERDIDAS MECANICAS EN FUNCION DEL RE%IMEN DE VELOCIDAD

Nm

datos

Condiciones de Trabajo:

a) n : variable (200rpm - 1500rpm)

b) Te : 78ºC (cte)

c) hc = 15 mm (cte)


36/37


.- CONCLUSIONES Y OBSERVACIONES:

• E( /) + *9 ,/,+ + +7+/9 g* + +,g,+9 ,/,+ +

(/+7/= + 76,/(+9 +7. , 07*+, )*+)+*+, +

8*/7/= + +( > + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*,9 ( 6+ (, )+*/, +7á/7, @)*

0*/77/= +, ,+ ++ 6+ 7*+7+ (, 06+*, + /+*7/ ; ( 8+(7/

*+(/8 + +,)(/+ + (, )/+,. C*+7+ /> ( +)+*6*

; H ( 8/,7,/ +( (6*/7+ (, 06+*, + */+ 6++/ (, 7*g, 7*+7/++, ,*+ (, )/+, + 77.

• E +( * EC9 (, )*á+*, +0+7/8, g6* ( ++7/ + (,

76*8, +=*/7,9 )* +H+)( ( )+7/ +0+7/8 7*+7+ 70*+

6+ (, *) ; (6+g ((+g ,6 )6 ?/ ; /,/6;+. E(

7,6 +,)+7:0/7 + 7/ )*/+* +7*+7+ ; (6+g 6+.

• E +( * EC )* 76/0/7* (, )+*/, +7á/7, ,+ 6, +(

/=+* 7 +( * + )+*/, @L &.23.• E +( * EC9 )* 7,/+** ( +)+*6* +( * ,+ ++*:

+/* ( +( 7+/+9 )+* )* *+67/* +( /+) ,+ ( +)+*6*

( +* +( (:6/ *+0*/g+*+.

• L, )+*/, +7á/7, + +( * EC /,/6;+ 70*+ 6+

( +)+*6* +( * 6 /, *)9 )* +( 7**/ ( )*+,/= +(

7+/+ /,/6;+. E 7/ + *>g/+ + 8+(7/ 6+ (,

)+*/, +7á/7, 7 +( 6+ + ( 8+(7/.

G.- BIBLIORAFIA:

• M*+, + A6=8/(9 J8H9 M.S.9 E/*/( MIR9 M,7 1K#2

• A)6+, + 7(,+ + +*: +( Ig. J6 L/*

• A)6+, + 7(,+ + (**/ +( Ig. J*g+ P7+

• .g+7//+,.7JAM4K+,/+?.


37/37


H.- ANEXOS:

Documents

LABORATORIO Nº4 Y Nº5.doc