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f EOf PAOCKLI IAHCTUTVT,,J osaH I_[nuj nh" CAHyI4HCTI4TYT 34 HOBIIJY I4CTOPI4JY CPEI4JE

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IIOIyHABJLEVI IIOCABWHA CPEI,IJE y IIO3HOM CPEAIbEM BEKy.I4CTOPI4JCKO-IEO| PAOCKI{ ACIIEKTII TICTPAXI4BAIbA-

Aucrparcr: llepuo4 rz:vefy Kocoscre 6rmrce (1389) r.r $opnarzpana EyAuMcKor(1541) u Teuururapcror (1552) eja,'rera o6erexes je npo.{opoNa Ocrr,ran,rrzja yllo4yuan,'re u rrlrxoBoM 6op6orra ca Cp6ujoru (ao 1459; u Vrapcxor,r 3a oBna.qa-

Barle oBr4M npocropoM. To je yje4no cpeArloBeKoBno pa:4o6,ne naj6orarujeH3BopuMa 3a npoyqaBabe ApyrrrrBeHe r.r nprrBpeAHe rcropuje vt rzcropujcxe re-orpaSuje cpncKor lo4ynanna u flocasuHe. V paay he 6nrra Aar nperneA Ao-caAarxrbr.rx ucrpax{rrBarba oee npo6reMaruKe, yra:ahe ce Ha uraBHe ucroprljcxeH3Bope n npo6levre roje onu nocraa:rajy npeA r.rcrpar{rrBaqe u 6uhe npuxa:aHuHajHowrjn Hayr{H[ pe3ynrarrr, AenoM npoucreKJrrr u r{3 Haru[x lrcrpilKr,rBarLa.

K.rryuHe peun: llo4yuaBJ'be, flocaBuua, Cp6uja. cpeArbu ner, ucropnjcra re-orpa$rzja

llo4yHae,re H flocaBnHa Cpduje cy y rro3HoM cpeArr,eM BeKy rrpeAcra-BJ'buIJ'rr{ rorpaHrrrHa rrorpyqja npeMa Vrapcrcoj, xoja je jour o4 rcpaja 12. rexaynopHo Hacroja:ra Aa ycflocraBr v 3app)Kv cBoje BojHo H norr,rrnrrKo [pncy-crBojyxHo oA Case u lyuaza. Jour oA BpeMeHa Kpiuba Vpoura I (1243-1216),rra cBe Ao BpeMeHa Hue:a Jla:apa (1371-1389), cpncxa Ap)r(aBa r.i rleHrl Bra-AapH Hacroj anh cy Aa ApxaBHe rpaHr.rUe ycrane sa o6a,raua Case H [yHana,cyxo6ranajyhr.r ce ca Br4rrre HJrr.r Mart'e ycnexa ca yrapcKoM. llepr.ro4 u:naefyKocoscxe 6urxe (1389) r.r Sopurapama EyAnnacxor (1541) u Tevzursapcxor(1552) ejanera o6eleNeH je npo4opona Ocuan:ruja y llo4yHaBrbe H bHXoBoM6op6ou ca Cp6njou (ao 1459) n Vrapcrov 3a oBnaAaBabe oBrrM rrpocropoM.floveuyre repnropraje cy y Ha3HaqeHoM nepuoAy HMane roroBo HerrpeKr{AHoynory rpajutltra H 6ule nonpu[rre paroBarla u qeroBarra.rToxou ror 6ypnor

PagjerracraoyornupynpojexraC'pegrboleKolHecptcKe3e.u.'te(13 l5.eexa):uoxuwuvKu.upusfeg-Hu, gpyutaleHu u upastru upo4ecu (OLl 171029) roju Qunanu.rpa Muuncrapcreo rpocBere, HayKe urexHorrorrrror pasnoja Peny6,ruxe Cp6uje.

flper,reE pi:LrHHx n r]olrrruqKr{x goralana y llogynae,'sy u:nrefy 1389. n 1541. rolr.tre: K. Jrzpeuex,I4ctuopuja CpSa I Eeorpa4, I 988, crp. 327 420; A.Ilvnh, I4curopuja Cp6a y Bojsoguttu og HctjctuapuiuxtpeveHa go outueatba uotuucKGuo.uopuaKe lpaHwle ( 1703), Ilosu Cat, 1929, crp. 7- I 5 5; I4cittopuja

23

KPCI''JI] Il On y' H.4 |t.t L E t1 Il O ( A B It H 1 y I I ()3 I IOM C ptrrltn [M B E Ky

pa3ro6,'ba oA oKo l60. rogr.rua Aecr4ne cy ce rr3y3erHo r(py[He r]oJu.irt4 qKe, eKo-HOMCKe' rrrrBunH3aunjcKe. reMofpa$crce H erHnqKe [poMeHe y ilonyHaBcKr,rMr [ocaBcKr'rM KpajeBr'iMa cp6uje, a,rn u jyNue yrapcrce. froeoLrHa oKoJ,rHocr3a r'cropr4rJape je ro uro je oBo npenoMHo pa3Ao6Jbe, o6erexeH0 HecraHKoMcpncKe cpeAH,OBer(oBHe rpxaBe H ycfrocraBoM OCMaHCKe 40nrr.*raqnje y floay_HaB,'by' penarr.rBHo 60raro r43BOpnMa pa3rrHrrr4Tor Kaparilepa, nopannu. 3anpa_Bo, paAI'I ce o nepHoAy xojH je HeyrropelHBo 6orarnjl.r n3BopuMa 3a ApyrrrrBeHyu rprzBperHy lrcropr.rjy z rzcroprzjcxy reorpaQnjy cpeaner floAyuaerba uerorxro cy to 6utu frperxoAHr4 BeKoBr. 360r rora je-moryhe Ha penar.uBHo qBpcryocHoBy [ocraBI'ITIJ I'l3yqaBaH,e MHorlrx BaxHux rnrarba, Kao rrlTo cy: Tepr.rro-pnjanua lr ylpaBHa opraHu::aquja, erHr.rrtKH H BepcKr,r o!HocH, ruurpaq,je - Ha-ceJbaBabe H paceJ'baBabe cpfrcKor r.r .qpyfof craHoBHHrurBa Ha repHropujanaaoro Caee u flynaza, aenony,raqvja ycne, parHux pa3aparba, peKoHcrpy'ca*eMpe)Ke HaceJ'ba H H,nxoBof pa:noja, yp6anr.'3aqr.rja, frpr,rBpeAHa Kperarba, Kon-HSHta w BoAeHr.{ cao6pahaj.

flocrojn BH.ue pa3nora rojz cy ycnoB,nil nocrojarue penar,BHor- MHo-lxrBa r4cropnjcrrx r.r3Bopa Heor]xorHr{x 3a [poyqaBarbe HaBeAeHrrx rrHTarba.flo:Hocpe4rroBeKoBHH nepHoA 14Haqe KapaKreprirxe reha npogyx tlwja uor{yBa_Hocr roKyMeHrapHe rpaf e, a:rr.r y c,ryvajy rlo4yHanra nocroje, noie6Hz pa:-Jro3r{ 3a ony nojany. C je4ue crpaHe, parHr4 cy*o6n cy oBo noapy"j" craBJbanH yxr'rlKy HHTepeco Bart'a caBpeMeH nxa. C .4pyfe crpaHe, IIoM eparbe craH oB H r.rur_Ba' Kao H cpeAl4ura cpncKe ,qpxaBe Ha ceBep ycnen flpon]iparba ocuau,rr'jaycnoB'nh cy 60,ry HaceJbeHocl sehu rpueperHn u rror'r,Tr.rtrK, :Hauaj no4y-HaBCKT4X ll rocaBcKr.rx llpeAena. CauHnr rHM, OBH rcpajesn cy froc,ranH r.rHTepe_caHruvjn 3a Ay6poea'{Ke rproBrle, o unjoj AenarHocrr{ y cpflcr(oM fro4ynae,ryuMa MHoto Buue apxuBoror varepnjana Hero paurje. OH rrnje AparoueH caMo3a yfro3HaBarbe frpeAy3erHHrrKe reJ'rarHocru ly6poBqaHa y cpncroj .qpxaBli,Vrapcroj n 6a,rxaucxnnr npoanHqnjanaa OcuaHcKor uapcrBa y 15. wnpaoj no_,rroBr..rHH 16. eexa. eeh je u on orpoMHor:uavaja 3a nprBpenHy ,.roprjy

"uu"_A.HHX rpajena. {y6poaaurca apxrzBcKa rpaf a ca4pNr4 BerrHKH 6poj apuio,r""r*froAaraKa o Hace,'br4 Ma, rparoBr,rMa u rpfoBHMa y flo4yHaary'w-Irocasnuuz yut,po*o je xopu'rheHa y paroB,na 6pojHr,x cprcKHX Mer,eB,cra xojr.r cy ce

2

cp"Kol Hapogo (:ncil) 1/. Beorparr. 19ti r : c'p. 47-gg,2o5-2r7 (c. huproeHh, J. Kurnh), crp. 2Ig229' 211 267 ,289-313 (M. CnpevHh), crp. 3 i+ 329, 373-389. 43 1 490 (c. TrHproeuh); HCH IIt r ,1??]' ttp

))7 ,)17 (P cavappnh); Hcwoptla ot.nuuu xoi \upt.w6(1, ilprlpexvo eivr"ri"", beorpa,,r,2002' crp. 62 133. 172 I 83: il. porau, :. R"p.. T. fla,r, A. Kacan, fitaopuin un6r,1rui {":r-r, pa:r, 2002,crp l3l l'{0' 150-200:.r.Karuh-Mujyrr.*osnr't,Eeoipog.t)Lpegbevcan,, Beorpag, r967,crp.t2 26g;o lia6nH'ep. Mexueg ocoujaq u H'eioso goda, Hosn'iag, crp. l96g; o. :upoje""t,'Typctrt e.jrrct1'pefcn,e .t' CpSulu t159 I6s-r-,.s9orna1, t"9z+,

"tp. 29 87; F. Szak6ly, .,phases''o1.Turco-Hungarian

warfare betbre the Batlle of Mollics 1t:os lszo;", Actd orientalia Aiudeniae Scientiurtun Hunedri-ute'33 (1979), str' 65-lr0; M. cnpevHh,Jcctnnt h;.,pal Epuuxocuh u rrcioeo go6a. Eeorpa;r, Iuu+.,4y6poriavra rpalla sa oraj nepuo.l je cavo .le,rulruvuo o5jau,,r,eua: .r. (ielcich - L. Thailciczy, Drirlomalariunr ralurionent reipublicae'-Rugusun.te clrm ,egnro'Hungtriuc, Budapcst, rggT; K. Jnpever,,,CttouenurlucpncKu",('iavatrux, ll(1g92),crp.2t Oi; J.patonuh,nt(tpolotrKo.rKluaLrurx;e.tel,Eeorpal, 19l4J.Ta.quh,4.r'6pocuuxuapxuecxaipafiaoEeoipag-i,/. Eeorpag, 1950; M. flutruh,fpulla3a

.!r,!1trUi1 lyotpogo .t ( peghc.tt ecxy l l, ticor.pa.'1, 1 95 8; A. [""eru"o"uR, 41 ApnonQu Ma,to nehao Cp6u.lu ( I I I 5. I 160), Eeorpal, 199i.

24

Y

I,,ICTOPI,IJA H f EoI-PAOHJA

Ha oBaj nnlr oHaj HarrHH 6aeu,'rrl r.rcropujov cpncKor flo4yHae,'sa y cpeArbeMeexy: M. fiunuha, 14. Eoxnha, C. hnpxoar.rha, J. Ka,rrlh, M. Cnpenauha, t.Koeaqeenh-Kojnh, !. finHrah-KHexeeuh, E. Xpa6axa, A. Bece,ruHonuha, M.tr4ca[,roer.rh u gpyrlrx.3 HaeeAeHrl 14 Apyn4 HcrpaxnBar]Ii nocBerlrJ'rn cy tro-cnenH,nx 4erleHnja:HavajHy na)KFby npoyqaBan,y cpncl{I4x rpanoBa, rproBa H

npo6neva yp6aHn:aqujc Ha npocropy cpncKrlx 3eMaJ.ba y cpeArbeM nercy. Pe-

3ynrarr{ ruHoro6poju14x paAoBa Be3aHHX 3a HaBeneHe reMe cyMr.rpa+b. cy HeraB-uo y JIarccurcouv tpagoea tr u.tploea cpegLbo+(Koeuu.r cpucrcux te.vaha. y KoMe

cy o6paleuu u cpncxu yrnpf eHn rparoBri H rproBr.r y flo4yrran,ry n flocarnHr(Eeorpa4, Cve,lepeno, Pynuuna, Xe,re3Hux, XpHoe, Mauna, Entsa, 3acloulUla6au), Ba,'reno, lo,ry6au, EpaHnveao).4

Cpncrca r43BopHa rpafa roja ce oAHoo{ ua rcpajeee flogyuanrsa n [Io-caBr4He y rpoyqaBaHon pa:go6"'by je penarr4BHo ocKyrHa. Csera HeKoJIIlKo

caqyBaHux rroBeJ'ba H3 Apyre noiroBnHe 14. n npne [oJroBIlHe 15. eexas unaKje ol uenpouelbuBor :Hauaja ]a peKoHcrpyruujy rpaHnua repnropujarHnxH y[paBHHX rIenHHa (xyna, 3eMaibo u e,nactuu). Belnxn Hanpe.qaK Ha nJ'raHy

ncropujcre reorpa$uje Hacrao je percoHcrpyrlcarbeM npocropHe I4 ynpaBHeopraHv:arlnje cpncKHX 3eMa,'ba y cpeArbeM BeKy H npeuu3upalr'eM 3Haqerl'a

ogpeleunx nojvoea. Taro ce Aottlno Ao ca3Harba aa je seu,oa y cperru'oBeKoB-uoj Cp6ujn 6v,ra eeha repuropnja,rHa il ynpaBHa jeguHuqa, xoja je o6yxnara,raBHue N(yna u xoja je o6nvHo oAroBapana AyxoBHoM no4pyvjy je4He enucro-nuje, o4HocHo Mr4rpono:ruje.6 Ha noapyujy ceBepHe Cp6nje, y llocaeuHn ce

36or orpaHuucHor rrpocropa, rranerrrhevo cauo HeKe o.l pe.reBaurHHr uouorpaQu.ja, :6opnrxa u u:ta-

rraxa: M. J\wtuh,Cltutxa3a..u"ba.t'(laghe.v aerg',6corplu, 1978;14. l>oNnh,lr6poctrur;uTyptray11.u 15. aci.r',Beorpag, 1952;J.Ka"ruh-MHjyrrrroauh. Beotltugl'q)egH,e.rr acn'; J.Ka"nuh, EcpotlttuCpStr; t'ltegtuu ccr, Beot pa1, 2006; M. Clnpcvuh, /ccrlow Typal1 Epotu<tcuft; ncru, ,.Cpegn'ooexon-HH p)-lHHutl H Ipr uRH ecBcp()railil.tHe (p6Hjc". B,i.r',a,, u(ttLuailLtK tt.t'cudt tfLtgtKut (ltt'lJtltttwtt.Ila:reno, 199'{, crp. 93-ll0; A. Becc,rurronuh, ,,CeseporcrouHa Cp6Hja y cpe.qmeM zcxy", ITcwo-puj(Ktt L'tdcuu:, I 2 ( 1 987), c.rp. .13-73; uctu, fiptt'aea .pucKux gecuowa, Eeolpa,'1, 2006r; A. Kosa-veanh-Kojnh,fpugt'xu)tueowrCpSujuuliocrru(11 l5.ai4erl,Eeorpag,2007;4.lnnult-KrreNe-euh, fit(tpoetrurt u Viapt'ra y (pegH,ev acl')i, HoBH C+r, 1986; C. RHprtxr.rh, Pa(totuuu4tr. c'tjnrrtltt,gvxosHutlt.t. gpvltrun.t ('pcgtboeeKosuol \ulrurru, Beorpa,q, 1997; E. Xpa6ax, ,,CpenmoneroattH lpr'n pyilrrulr Py,'tHrrrla 116,'q Arattov", loguLun,urlpag(1 Ee.)tpog.t (-ffl;),3 (1956), crp.99-105; ncru,,,.1{y6poauaHr.r y Vrapcxoj H rbHXoBc ec:e ca lieorpalov u Cp6uiou (1300-1541)', ff\ 27 (1980),crp. 57 69; M. lJcau-rrosuh, Ba.teco u oxo.tue o(t.tut'ruu ):.peEba.v eerl', Barleeo, 1989.

"llextuxou lpagocat lt rullloea ,pegt|'ULtKU6Mtx q)t:tLt;ux 3L:va-bu-- tpe)n iu&llrlt-ll Ll3sopt!-vd, pq\,C. Muruuh, Beorpa.q,20l0: Eeorpa.q, crp.36':ll (M. AHloHoaHh); Bareno, crp.67 (B. llcrponuh);Bursa, crp. .15 .:16; Bparrnveso, 5,1 56, l-otry6aq, 83-ll7; Xc;rc:lHr.rx, 108; Xplron, 109 ll0; ]ac:tou,111 112; Kyrnv, l6l-162; Mauna, 171 119' I'y,'tHrrrla,2.{5; CNresepeno,26l-2.12: Xpav,3l2 314(A. Kpcrnh).

A. M,ralcHoenh, Iktee-ue nrcsa Jlct.::u1tu: lueK(ru, Ko.treHmupu, (uu.vtlu, I;eorpail, 2003, crp. 28 33,52 55,91 95, 180 181; uctu, flot:a.re u {tuc.v(l gecuotuu Ctue(nrn: weKcm, Ko.veHwapu, (Hu.rttlu.

Beorpal, 2007, crp. 351 353; A. Bece:rHuoeuh, ,Tpu noee,'re H: XV scxa 3a N{anacrupe Tucuteuau Bornrta itecnola ClerfaHa n: l'106; xpa.na Xnruyn,ra H: 11129;.larjra Xyri'a,tuja u: 1.144",('ruaptt cprlr'xu o1txue,8 (2009), crp. 183 203; ,rb. CroiaHoeuh, ,,Crapu cpncru xpucoByrr,H, aKIH,SuolpacfH.fe, Jre'r'onHcH, ru[uqr.J. noMcrruuu, 3anr]cu il )\p.", Cuo.uerrux CKA,3 (ltl90), crp. 3J;M. Lascaris,.,Actes serbes de Vatopddi", B-,-zantinoslavica,6 (1915 1936), str. 183 18,1; F. Radki,

,,l'rilozi za sbirku srbskih i bosanskih listina", Rad JAZU, I (1867), str. 156*158.

C. MHrrruh,,,3elr:ra y:lpxauu Uevan uha", foguulrtax lo gpr,uttu6eH),ut'woptriv,lV/2-3 (1997), crp.I i3- I '+6.

25

a-

KPC]TIJN IIOTVHABJ'6E L'I ilOCAB]4HA Y NO3HOM CPEAIbEM BEKY

HArra3r4ra 3eMJba Mavea, a y flo4yHaBJby 3eMJba Kyueno n Bpaun.reao. oeeo6nacrvt cycrriuane cy ce Ha noapyvjy Eeorpa4a. Honnjurr,r Hcrpaxr{BaH,rMa[peur.r3r4paHe cy tpaHHrre HaBeAeHr{x o6:racru r{ orKJrobeHapauuja [ofpelxHacxBararLa o rpocrr.{parby ympcKe Bracrrr y ceBepo3arraaHoj cp6nj14 y rro3HoMcpeArbeM BeKy, Hacrana ycneA ntje4uavaaama nojlroea 3eMfte Maqee lI ymp-cxe MaqeaHcrce 6aHosr,rue. [lupemeM cprrcKe BJracrrr roKoM 14. eerca y flo-caBr4Hrr, Ha repr.{Toplrjn :enr,.r'e Mavne, yrapcKa Ma.{saHcKa 6aHOSnHa 6\raJe y Benr.rKoJ Mepr4 otpaHHqeHa Ha ycKo florpyqje fropeA case ca HeKoJrr4Koreplara rr TIHXoBHX rr4crpuKara - )Kyna (Mavna, Eursa u 6ersr.ru). llpolreuovy yfapcKo-cprrcKHM OAHOCHMa rroqerKoM 15. croneha, oru xpajear4 cy cBe AoocMaHcKor ocnajama 6ulu yrc,nyveHr.r y oKBHpe cpncKe ApNare.T Kyueeo, rcojece npocrrrprl'ro ll:lrefy Berure Mopane, [ynaaa Ao r43a lpoqrce, Ana,re, Ko-crraaja, o6poHaxa rrJraHr4He K,.beuffarnqe H peKe JaceHl.rqe, y ynpaBHoM rrorJre-ay je aocra paHo yje4urreHo ca 3eMJ'boM BpaHnveeo, atu je rorco, 14. u 15.BeKa orrcraJro xao noce6au, y Hajnaarry pyKy reorpascrv nojanr.s Ha npocropyBpaHnuescne 3eMJbe Mo)Ke ce u4eHrn$urcoBarn HeKoJ,rHKo cpeArboBeKoBHr{x)Kyna: Epauzueno, llex, 3euNg, XoMo[e, a BepoBarHo rz X4pe,ro H pecasa.e

. y cKno[y Hil3a Mepa sa javarse o46panr6eHe cnoco6Hocru seu,re xojeJe cnpoBoAr{o recrror creQaH, roqerKoM 15. sera y cpncxoj Ap)KaBu yBeAeHje u Hon yrpaBHr4 cucreM, raKo3BaHe enacruu, ca nojaoganaa Ha qery. dojnoaecy pe3rrAr4pale y yrepleHHM fpaAoBLrMa v y cnojnnr pyKaMa cy o6je4nnubaBa-ne qr.rBrrnHy r.r sojHy Bnacr HaA tpaAoM r{ tr,eMy florqr.rrbeHou repnropnjotr.r0ocxyAun r.r3BopHr.r [oAarrn HHcy Ao3Bonvnu ra ce Ao raHac y qexr4Hr.r peKoH-crpyr4ue Mpexa enacruu Ha repHropuju 4ecnoroBe Ap)KaBe. y llo4ynar,rycy nocrojare c.tregepeecrca, fonyucKa, H BepoBarHo jox] uerce e,tacwu. o no-crojan'y Eeolpagcrce eracLuu 3a BpeMe Aecnora Cre0ana HeMa Al{peKrHr{x tlo-iluraKa, HaKo H3Bopr4 yryhyjy Ha npr4cycrBo nojso4e y rpaly.llo4pyvje noj"jeo6yxaara,ra cuegepeecrca enacu,t 6r.rno je nroryhe oApeAr{ru, na je raro ycra-HoBJbeHo 4aje oHa o6yxearala nehu Aeo Ky.reea.rl

Apyre epcre 4oruah,X ,3Bopa caAp)Ke 3HarHo Ma*'e no.4araKa 3a r.rcro-

I C.hupxoauh,,,'IJpHaIbpa'Hnpo6,lelrcpncKo-yt-apcxorrparrurrHornoapyuja,,,Baaeeo uocutaHaKu ycuoH IpagcKoi cpeguutua (:Ba,'r,ero), Ba,'seno, 199;1, crp. 59 77; uctu,,,3elr,,ra Mauoa H rpagMavua", flpu,tosu:ta KJI4@,74ll--1 (2008), crp. 7-16; M. B.rarojeanh,,,Hace,ray Maqsu H nura6,acpncKo-yrapcxe rpaHurle", Baterso, crp. 78 92; ucrn, ,,O npe4aju Eeorpaga Kpirrby Xurvyuqy l,+27.ro4uHe", 3Sopuux Mawu4e cpucKe 30 ucniopui! (:3MCI{),82 (2010), crp. 14 16.

8 A. Kpcruh, ,,Kyueno u xeregHr.rx y cBerny ocMaHcKux ,1etfrepa", I4cltopujcxu qacofiuc (-r4rr'),19 (2002), crp. 139 16l; acru,,,cuegepeacxu Kpaj y npyroj no.rroBuHrr 15., no""r*or, 16. sera..,C-uegepeecrcu z6opuux,2 (2009), crp. 45J6; c. Muurnh, ,ifepnroprjanua oprauu:auuja EpaHnvena(12 15. nen)", Epanttueoo xpot aojuy u Krjiavpil), ucruopui) Cp6uje, I 3, iloNapenau, 2b00, crp.ll-17.

9 A. Kpcruh, ,,flpuH ocvaHcru gerprepu Kao u3Bop :a ucropnjcr.y reorpa$ujy cpeAr*oBe*oBHorEpaHuvena", Epuruueecxu LracHuK,3/4 (2006), crp. 95 I l3; E. Mn,'r,rcoeuh-- A.'itpciuh, Epauuueeoy 15. cerg:. Ucutopuj.'Ko-Ieolpa(tcxa ctuyguja, floxapeeaq,2007, crp. l3_2g.

10 M. lnuuh,,,B:racru y BpeMe AecnoroBr.rHe.., 3(xtpuurc @u:rotorpcrcol rfary,rtuemo,l0_l (196g), crp.237-214.

ll A' Kpcruh, Kyueeo u 2{ercsnux, 149 150; E. Mu.nr<osuh - A. Kpcruh, Epauuueeo y 15. eerr-, crp.21 22,27 28.Vrr.u:A.Kpcruh,,,lpa.qHehyg'Ntullexy4uucxarrucr.,irI,55(2007),crp.99-11i.

26

11C'fOP'J.IA H fEOf PAO}JJA

pnjcxo-reorpaScxa r4crpa)KtrBan,L arrv HV oHa Hncy 6es sHavaja. Tarco cy yxnrujutta, poAocnoBr,tMa, JlerofluclrMa,3aIIUCL{Ma:/ Harf|?l)t/iMa qecro caqyBa-HH AparolleHlr iloAarrn 3a flpoyqaBame r-lpKBeHe reorpaSrlje vrrv Becrrr o par-Hr4M pa3aparburraa roja cy ycr'toBJbaBzl'la Mr{tpaur.rje.l2 lloHeurro ce o rrHTaBr4Manr c0epe ucropnjcxe reorpaQr.rje MolKe 3aKJbytrvrvt t43 HaparlrBHr{x rr3Bopa,MaxoM orrHca [yrHuKa noJu cy npona3finn npeKo cpncKot flo4yHaarsa roKoMno3Hor cpeArber aexa. MefyruM, ocrrM 6ypryH4crcor nyronr.rcua Eeprpau4oHa4e na Eporujepa, roju je oauna xpajeeuua npotuao 1433. rotnHe, sBa ocraJracBeAoqaHcrBa flornr]y r.r3 Apyre [oJroBr,rHe 16. seKa.l3 Bpe4Hocr rryrorrr4ca 3aucropujcxo-reorpaocxa r4crpaxr4Barba je pa:nr.ruilra: AoK cy HeKr4 rryrHr{rlHrroKy[raBzunr rc pjy orr4ce oHora turo cy Ha rryry Br.rAerr], Apyrn cy ocra-Br{Jil4 3HarHO Cyvapnraje, r{ crofa MaBe BpenHe [oAarKe. llopea rofa, ofrr{coHora ruro ce BHAI4 c ,rafe unu l_lapurpancKor ApyMa xojuu npona:e sojcre uIrocJraHcrBa He Mopa oAroBaparH cralr,y y rcpajeenrr,ra yIa,,E eHnM o4 cao6pahaj-Huqa.ra VonurreHe, aJrH 3aHHMJ.bnne reorpa$cKe orruce onux npajena Aajy jourHeKr.r nl{cur4, Kao [rro cy 6uorpaS Aecrora CreSaHa Jla:apewrha KoucraH-ruu KocreHevxlr (orco 143 1),rs ynqulbcKr.{ 6ucrcyn Mapruu Cerou (rcpajerr.l 15.eexa),16 Kao ,r ocMaHcKlr xpoHnuapu Aurlrxnarxa3aAe u {ypcyH-6eq rojrz cyrr4r{Ho yqecrBoBaj'rra y ocnajamy Cp6nje noqerxoM Apyrc rronoBuue 15. BeKa.rT

leQrepu - ocMaHcKe rotrncHe Krbute, npe4cranrajy jegau oA ocHoB-Hux 14 Haj:HavajHujnx lrcroprjcKux li3Bopa noce6no BaxHnx 3a rpoyrraBarbezcropr.rje HapoAa H 3eMaJba Ha4 xojuua ce npocrrrpaJra BJracr ocuascrorrlapcrBa. Hacra,ra npeBacxoAHo s6or norpe6e o6e:6elerua ycraHoBJbeHorHaqr4Ha QyHxqnoHllcaH,a ocMaHcKe Ap)r(aBe, :a rcojy je nprarcynrsatte flope3a

12 Jb. CrojarronHh, Cutape cpfit'rce uose,,be u uuc-va I/l 2, Beorpag - Cpeucxu Kap:ronqu, 1929 1931;uclu,Cwapu cptcKu 3atucu u uauuucu I VI, Eeorpag, 1902,1926;ucru,Cruapu cpuc'Klt pogoc.rosuu ieutotuclt, Beorpag Cpeucxn Kaplonqu, I 927.

Beprpau,lon ge ra liporujep, Ilytuoean e upeKo.vopa, BeorpaA, I 950; P. Matkovii, ,,putovanja po Bal-kanskompoluotokuXVlvieka", RadJAZU,:+9(1879); 7l (188,{);84(1887);100(1890); ll2(1892);ll4 (1893); ll6 (1893); 129 (1896); 130 (1897); M. B.,ranuaq,,,tr4r nyroruca Xauca lepHunauaI553-l555. rognHe", Epactueo,2l \1927), crp. 56 I0zl; P. Cauapunh, Eeolpag u Cpd4ja 1'cuu(.u-vorlpau4vcxuxcael)aveHuKul6. l7.eexa,Eeorpa,q,l96l;O.3upojeenh,,,pajHo,,r4Jly6enayoBeorpagyu Cp6uju 1587. rosuHe", ffE, 13 (1966), crp. 49 {3; J. Novakovii-LopuSina, Sr6i i.jugoisto[naEvropa u nizozenskim izvorima do 1918, Beograd, 1999.

Vn. J. Ka,rnh...l:epuncxu nytunHculj u beurpaly". 6cotlrug y gt'.tu.vd (6poucRux a).nouut.a4d.Iieorpa,l, 2003, crp. 9 16, xao H Apyre paroBe y oeou r6opHr.rry. o nopefeny n:neurraja ilyToilucaca noAauHMa H3 ocMaHcKe apxilBcKe rpale angerl.r Ha np.: o. Zirojevii, ,,Putopisi u ogledalu defiera",Prilozi za orij entalnu./il ol ogiiu, 1 6 1 7 ( I 966-l 967), str. I 25-l 3,{.

Koncranruu Ouro:o$, ,,Xuoor CreQaHa Jlasapenuha", lnacnux Cpucxol yueuol gpyaiilca, 12(1875),yp.B.Jaruh,crp.223 32[3((rororHrcxor{3Aarbe:yp.1).TpnQynoauh,l-.MrnaHooau2004);uajHougjr.r npenoq I- JoeaHosuh: KoncraHrHH (Du,ro:orf, )Kueotu CuteQaua Jlazapeeulta g{uotuacpucKola, Beoryag, 2009.

Martino Segono di Novo Brdo vest ovo di Dulcigno. IJn untanista serbo-dalnata del tarclo Quattrcr:en-to. Vito e opere, e<1. A. Pertusi, Rorna, 1981.

f. E,!e:osuh,,ilypcxu'3Bopn 3a Hcropujy Jyroc,roreua. laa'rypcxa xpoHlrqapa u: 15. nexa.,,Epacuteo,26 (1932), crp. 5l-125. Vn. A. Kpcrnh, ,,llal Cp6rde u: yr:ra oceajava: Arunxnaura:aAe n!ypcyH-6er", Ilag Cput:xe gectowosuHe I 459. Ioguue,:6opuax pa4ona ca HayqHor cryna CAH! yp.M. Cnpevuh, Cnegepero Ecorparl, 201 l, crp. 303 320.

l3

t7

t1

l5

l6

2l

KP(]T11T noJyHA816E tl ilOCABIlHA y no3ltOM CPEIIbEM ltEKy

H HaMera oA craHoBHurrrrBa ocBojeHrzx repHTopr4ja 6u,ro je4an oA ocHoB_HI{x lz3Bopa ApxaBHI{x rlpl{xoAa, oBa Bpcra apxl4BcKr{x AoKyMeHara rro MHorovevy je cnequsnuHa.r8 lesrep, cy rrpBeHcrBeHo noroAH, :a ncropr.rjcKo-re-orpascrca, 4erraorpa$cxa H r.rcrpal*uBatba nprrBperHe ncropuje r<pileea rolacy AocrrenH noA ocMaHcrcy Aracr. In Ko,rNro je senuxrz FbHXoB tnauaj r, ,arb-pujcxo-reorpaQcxa rrpoyqaBa*a fro4yHan,'ri u flocaeHHe y ro3HoM cpeArbeMnexy uaj60,'r'e cBeAoqe rBa rrpnMepa. Ee: yBl'rra y rpBe ocMaHcKe 4eQrepec'e,lepencxor caHuaKa r.r3 rpyre [o,roBr4He 15. r.r noqerxa 16. BeKa, y ncro-pHorpa$lrju je enne og je4uor BeKa BJraAaJraza6tytao reorpaQcno, nono_xaJy cpeArboBeKoBHor Kyuena. Terc je Ha ocHoBy rrpBr{x ocMaHcKr{x florncacnegepencxor caHuaKa wz 14i 6lil . roAriHe r.r I 5 i 6. ioarne rocraJro jacHo aace cperrboBeKOBHO KyUeao Hnje Halasnr'ro r{crorrHo o4 EpaHuveBa, y [JraHr4H_cKr4M [pe,qerHva KyuajcKHX [,raHHHa. rae je caAauFba onurr{Ha Kyueao. aeh3a[aAHo OA H,era, ua,reeoj o6a,ru Be,rurce Mopaee.2, c 4pyre crpaHe, H nopeAnocrojama conr4rHe H3BopHe rpaf e xoja ocBerJ,baBa cpert[ oBeKOBHy npotxnocrEeorpa4a,2r Ao ocMaHcKr4x norrrica u:l rpehe geqeHr.rje 16. eera Huje'cavynanHUje4au noAaraK o ceocKr4M HaCeJbr4Ma y oKonr4Hr4 AaHaurbe cpncKe Merpo-no,re. ocvaHcKr{ tlonilcH norca:yjy fycry Mpe)Ky HaceJ-ba y oKonr4Hlr BeorpaAa,xojaje r3BecHo nocroja,ra, paunje, roKoM 15. aerca. flpocrpaua Eeorpa4cxanaxwja' Qopur'rpaua HaKoH ognajarra Eeorpa4a 1521. roauHe, rrpeMa ror,cynz 1528/30. ronrHe fiMara 159 ce,ra. Msora HaceJba xoja nocroje H AaHac HareprzropzjH Eeorpa4a :a6elexeHa cy v y npBrM 4"qe""jura 16. eexa.22

flopefe*eM rroAaraKa o HaceJr,nua roje rpyxaJy cpncKe rroBeJbe carpalon LI3 ocMaHcKrx aeOrepa Moxe ce crehn npeactu"u o rbr4xoBoM KoHTr4-Hyr'rrery H AHcKOHTT'rHynrery, rxro frocperHo yxa:yje Ha Aenony!'raqr.rjy roxon,|nepuoAa paroBarba xoj.u je AoBeo Ao nporracrn cprrcKe apNaue. Taxso [crpa_xhBaH,e 6n,ro je noryhe_u:npurrfi [pBeHcrBeHo :a nogpyvje EpaHl.rvena, caxora je ro3Har uajnehn 6poj cpe4rroBeKoBHr,rx HaceJba. oa io: nocBeAoqeHacperFloBel(oBHa ceocKa HaceJ'ba, no3Hara H3 IIoBeJba u ApyrHX I43Bopa, cBera82 cy y ocMaHcKoM flon'cy wz 146]. rorliHe y6eneNeHa'ca crarycoM cera,a 23 rcao Me3pe' lox 58 unje yonrure yHero y ae$rep. To sHaqa ga je 50,3%IO3HATI,IX CPCArLOBCKOBH}{X HACCJ'bA Y EPAUT VCBY HACTABHJIO TA XI,IBI,I II IIOCJIEocMaHcKor ocnajana 1458159. roAHHe, aaje I 4,lyo wanyutreHo, arr ce oqyBao

l8 o,1c(rTepHva yrr. E. Mu:rxoeHh-Eo.januh, CxegeTteecrut cauyax (r176 t560). .)e.v,.ta. Ha.e.au.('wuuoeruruwt:o, Eeorpaa, 200:1, crp. 29 35, ca piHujov .!fireparypou.I 9 onurupHH qerfTep Clre,lepcBcKor caHuaKa n 1116. ro4urre: Baqbakanlrk Argivi, Tapu tahrir delierteri(:IIBA TTD), No. l6; Onurnpun,le$.rep Cuc;lepencrcor caHUaKa H: 1516. ro;1uHe: BBA TTD, No.

1 007; OnruHpHn geQrep Cve,lepeBcKor caHUaKa n: 1 528/30. ro,qHlrc: BBA TTO, Nu. VZS; OrrurHpHn'qeQrep nn"'rajcra SpaHnveno ut 1467. ro,,ruHe: M. Stojakovii, Braniievski telier, Beograd,. 19g7;,teroon ge$repa H-; I 528, I 530, I 536. r'oguHe xojH cc o.lHoce Ha oKonuuy Eeorpa;1a: X. Illa6alroshh,Tvpcru usco|tLt sa uttuopr.tjl' Eeo4)dgo I -1, xuutatwuptlilt uotu.u Eeoipaga u o*o,rr,,o 1176. 1 566,6e o|par, 1 96'{, crp. 5J r r ; cyuapH n nor nrc 3oopHuvxor caH uaKa u: r 533. ro,luHe: A. Handi.ic, Dvaprt'apopisazvornit'kogsundiaka(izr5r9.it533.gortine),Sara.ie'o,r9g6,str.792il.

20 A. Kpcruh, .,Kyuero H ){{e:re:Hnx,., crp. l.{2-1,17.21 Yn. .1. Kalrh-M{ymroeHh, Eeolpug 1,(.pegH>e:t aery,, Beorpax, 1967.22 X. IIla6arroeHh, Tvpcru uscopu. crp. l.{2 2.12.

28

---r-

IIC I OPI4JA I,,I IEOI- PAOI4.IA

rpar rbuxoBor nocrojau,a, a !.aje Heurro Br{ue oA 35,604 HaceJba Hecrano.floroenua 6paHuuencxr4x ceJra je. aan,re. nornyHo ocraJla 6er ceojr.rx xrreJbaroKoM ocMaHcKor rroKopaBarba Cp6raje. Bes noAarara o craHoBH14lrlrBy r.r 6pojyrcyha no ceJrHMa n3 cpeAlr,oBeKoBHHX r43Bopa Mo)r(e ce cauo uaralaru Ao KaK-

arax je [poMeHa notrrno y oHrlM HaceJ'br{Ma xoja cy yc[ena .qa npe)Kt{Be Aona-rar Typarca.ii C,ruqHo ilcrpa)r(ilBaFbe rcoje je ra noapyuje Bynoeote xynaHujey Cperuy Bprxuo uafapcr<u Hcropflqap fl. Esrel rIoKa3aJIo je joLl paropuujy4enony,raqujy Ha roM rrpocropy y fleplioAy ocMaHcKux nycrolrle*a o4 r<paja

14. go npnnx 4erleHr.rja 16. eeKa. Ipeua H,eroBlIM pe3ynraruMa, y jyNHov (no-caacron) 4e:ry Byrcoacrce xynaHuje \arc'70o cpeArboBeKoBHr4x ceJla 6uno yapyroj rroJroBr.rHr4 16. eercaHeHace,'beHo,a6ap 800%craporcraHoBHHuIrBaHec-ralo. V ceBepHoM Aeny xyraHnje crpaga,ro je orco J4oh ceta.2a

flopeleme [oAaraKa cpeAIr,oBeKoBHLIX L'r ocMaHcKux tl3Bopa rarcofe jerroKa3ano ceojeepcrau KoHrHHyr4rer eKoHoMcKrix cpeAfiilra na npocropy Bpa-HuqeBa. Taxo cy cpeAH,oBeKoBHr4 rproBr4 Ha oBoM nogpyujy. flo cBoM KapaK-

Tepy MaxoM ceocKa HaceJba, uajnehnu AenoM u nocre 1459. roaraHe HacraBfi-nr{ Aa Bprue ceojy nprlapegHy Qyuxqrajy xao ocMaHcKu na:apu.25

Ocnaucrn norrucHu geSrepn Aajy qe,roeury cJ'rHKy cralr,a y jeaHoj o6-nacrr4 y je4uov rpeHyrKy. Ha ocHony rrux n,toryhe je nope4nru pa3nflqurenojane Ha HHBoy HaceJba r4Jrr4 MarbHX o6,racru (uaxraja uJlr.l FbHXoBr.rx 4e,rom)yHyrap je4He nehe aAMlrHncrparriBHe rreJluHe - caHuaKa. Tarcole, I4cra y[o-pelerua Mory ce Bprrrnrrz n Ha Hr.rBoy caMr.rx caHuaKa. AHa,rHsa [oAaraKa Bhlrley3acronHux trorrnca ovoryhaaa npaherse npoMeHa y jeaHoj o6,racrn roKoM

BpeMeHa.3aro je BeJ'ruKa rurera tlrro 3a flepuoA oA qnraBHX 40 ro4tlua, n:uefy1416117 . n 1516. roAriHe, Hrje cauyeaH (n,rra no:uar) uuje4au AeQrep CnaeAe-

peBcKor caHuaKa.

feQrepra rpeA Hcrpa)KuBaqe nocranrsajy ogpeleue MeroAoJIotrIKe

npo6,renae, floqeB or rIl{TaH,a rpaHcKpr4nrluje c,roeeucKlix rortoHl4rua (u,rro je6nrHo KaAa ce fiopeAe [oAaIIn o HaceJ'br4Ma u3 cpeAruoBeKoBHor It ocMaHcKornepuo4a),26 Ao MHoro rcpynHr.rjux IHralba Be3aHux 3a Haq[H Bpluerba trontica.Hanue, apyraur.rje [oAarKe npyNajy cyMapHH, a gpyrauHje onuHpHH nonncHHge$repu. Onn rpen caApxe rorrnc Hacer'ba ca 6pojeu xyha u yKyraH H3Hoc

AaN6nHa xoje ce oA rlr.rx y:umajy, AoK cy y ApyrHMa y6elexeuu u crapeut{He

23 A. KpcrHh,,,OcvaHcxo rpo.qr4pa6e u gerrorpa$crce rrpoNreHe y BpaHHueey (13U9 1,159)", Epauuueeo

!- ucmopLtiu CpSuje, t6opnnx pa,qoBa ca ltelyHaportuor ltayqnor cxyrra, Iloxapeeaq-Bcorpa.q, 2008,

crp. 195 207.

24 l). [.ingel, ,,A tdrdk dukisok hatrisa a ndpcssdgre: Valkcl megye p6ld6ya", Szazudok, 134/2 (2000), str.

267-321.

A. Kpcruh, ,,Clpegu,oeexosulr rproBu H oclraHcKil lla3apn y EpaHuueey - KoHrurryxrel H npoNreHe",

Mopaecxa Cpdu ja: ut-uto1tuja. xy:tl4pa. )'.vewHocm. r6opuux pagoea, Kpyuresau, 2007, crp. 95 I 13.

l4cnpaexc y qfiTarby ncr.je.,tuHHx rorroHnN{a il3 norruca EpaHuvcecne o6racrH 1467. ro,rHHe noKa3ara

cy KoHlhHyHrer nocrojau,a HeKux cpc.qrboBeKoBrnlx HaceJba, aju.{ u onycrenocr HeKil:Ilpyr'il\. K(r-ia

cy no .!,onacKy Typara rrocla,ra -vezpe (cetunra, o.qHocHo ceja,uula): M. Stojakovii, Braniiet,.skitefier, Ileograd, 1987; A. Kpcruh, ,,flpo6,rerrru ybnrarlnje cpeirrr,oBeKoBHux Hacerba y lipauuveny",:6opHux pagona lipauuueso Kf B s(iH) tt tit'.rut)'!lHy trcutopu.h Cpdu.je II, floxapenaq,2007, crp,65;F,. MH:sroeuh - A. Kpcruh, 6pauuuceo f 15. rsexl', crp. l0zl. passirn.

25

26

29

KPCTI,T h IIO:IVHABJbE 14 IIOCABUHA Y NO3HOM CPEITbEM tsEKY

AoMahr.rHcraBa rr ,'axoBu o,,pacnu Myrx*r.r cpolHxqr.r (6paha, cuHorz), xao uyAoBr{qKe ryhe. Ha ocHoBy rora Mory ce Bpurrr4 caMo rrpoqeHe yKynHe rro-yi1lljr' roje :aezce oA^-r4crp'r(r4Baqa, oAHocHo AeMorpaQcrcnx MoAena 3aKoJn ce oHu o[peAeoyjy.t' Tarcofe, He caMo rrrro cBn npncrynaqH n ,oilvcvtHr'rcy caqyBaH, y ueJ'rr,rHh Hero unje yrer curypHo Hu Ia cy cen c,rojenn cra_HOBHr{rrrBa o6yxeahenz noje4nulru non""rru.r* tr4narc, "',.rtp", HaBeAeHhxorpaHr'rqelba, npeAuocr

''o[r.rca y oAHOCy Ha HeKe Apyfe Bpcre rpale je cBaKa_Ko y roMe ruro npyNajy naoryhnocr xnaHrzsn*uu"j., .tutr.rrun" o6paae.flaAona Cp6nje (145.9), rroAyHaBcKo-nocaBcKa rpaHr{ua n:uely Vrap_cre u oclraucKor rlapcrBa je y c,reaehnx ocalr4eceraK foArrHa rr,craJra MecroKoHrHHyupaHzx cyxo6a.4eejy :apaheHax rpxaBa,

'rro je cHa)KHo yrr.lqar,ro HaMurpal(r4oHa u aelrorpa$cKa Kperaba y oBoM a rrupeM noapyvjy. 36or ocrr.ras_cKfix nycrorreH,a iv1"; lrapcxe, Vrapr,

"y nu"rolun, tu'ipi'r^r(oM parHr{xonepaqrzja y cenepnoj Cp6nju u y EocHz npuruenyje Hcry raKruKy, MacoBHooAsoreha cpncKo craHoBHlrurBo H HaceJ,ba^ ajyhu'ia

"u *o1oj-ra puropuju.2,)Karo ce oBaKBa eojuo-no,rurr{qKa cilryaqr.rja"oapaNa"unu ,'u Lu" eJba A cra_HOBHLIIITTBo ua no4pyvjy jyxHo o4 caee w lynana MOXe ce crehu c,urca naocHoBy tlpBof caqyBaH0t rypcKof rrorrHca crr.regepencror caHuaKa uz 1476171.roAfiHe. Y naxujn Kyveno nonncauo je ra,.a 135 ie,ra a t o cenrru' a. Maxo je y[r'rraby 3HaraH 6poj cena, HaceJ'beHocr Kyveea noqerKoM rrocneAFbe qerBprr.l_

ne-l5' croreha nuje 6uta BeJruKa: jeana rpehz"u ""nu

,ruru";a ,ou"a oA nerrcyha' cauo oxo l0% ceJla [Mano jeLn're oa 20 aouahr,rHcraBa, 4on je Br4ure oA30 rcyha 6n'ro y cBera rpr'r ceJ'ra y nolruHu Be,rnxe Mopane. osaxea penaruBHoHHCKa HaceJ'beHocr nocre4r.rua je KaKO yrapcKo-TypcKor paroBarsa ,, qeroBar'a

27 Ilexu ucrpaxueauu pavyHajy.qa oApac,rlr Myr,,*apqfi c.rapuja og l4 ro,.sHa y6e-re)fieHl y ocMaHcxrJMronilchMa vuue rpehnuy ylrynHe ronynaqH.ic (J. c. Russ"i, ,,Late M.Ji"""i g"l'd.'una ariu turino.Popu lation". Journu! t,l r he Econonic Lna SiriU Airio,y-q/. !h:.O.1.kfi, UI ( I 969 ), p. 265 ), sori 4pyrucuarpajy aa je npocc(jra roDoalirla uMana n.r unu"o"u iT. IL Hollingsworti, air','rr'rirrio"mography,NewYork'lq6q.pp 326-l:7).flucroje;";r',";;;;j.yHauHrrrpa.jenrMrn(,,ucvaHcKovu,rarrhy

onaj 6poj eehn., qax r'r rBocrpy*o. Taxo, Ha np"r"p,'4.-io.lusuh r,rHoxu nor.yHa 4ovahHucrea ca g,yroBuuxa ca 4' ri H'uxosou:6upy:ro.ra-ie 6poj n"n^**"""*_ (rlciaopuja au*u t,'i"i,lgg3, crp.108; uc rr Me'ro! npr4Mer+'v'e u M. sto;akov ti,hr"rii"rtii ,elier, str.l2). guuu ce aa je xoe*uur,jenr5 ulan pea**tju u rrpHxBarr'r,rrB,.-iu ra rraure ,.purrn", no* 6u ,a yAoBfiqKe xyhe oH u:uocr.ro 2,5: o.3upo.ieruh, ,,,rlecronaq u lberoBa Haxuja og l+jS. ao 16g3. .o,rrrH".,, J7"" Ko6a,lKu t6opuux,23 (lgg3),crp ll5; M Bacnh, o 3Hpojeanh, A. croJaHoecxr,,,,nour" Hururor KaAfiny*a uz 11gg.roruHe..,( utt'trcuux' l3l' be.rpa-r' Iqql' crp' 9s. M. pur"out'r...r1""urpo,p.*a npH.r.{Ke H e raHoBHrraBo,.,Hace't'a u (:tuailo'Huurueo odtacirtu *por*ouuno iii'i."{ugrn", }reorpatl, 200 r, crp. 425-,130, sa,ra_)fie ce 3a xoeQnqu.jeHre 4,4 :a nouyHa u 2,5 :a yzloeulxa;lovahuucrna.

To eax, npBcHcrBeHo ra ,'pHBH-rcroBaHe c,rojeee craHoBHurrrBa xo.jH cy npunara,rr eo.jurrrolrcranexy n rojr Hrcy n,raharrr pajuHote ^rari6uue. no.craHoBHrnrrBa ca noce6nHv .

noce6uese*rep;;;;l;;;;,:ilU'*J".###fi;&,-",ff j]#j|},1,fr#+f'#:ffi :JcraHoBHr'rrrrrBo ca Bnarr*uM crarycoM norrrcasarro je nu.a6"o, *uru n"oo"lruja ;;;;

'.nfic, Kaoruro .ie ro c:ryva.j ca rofirrcoM Cnegepeacxor. "uuuui.u

,, -is

I o. roAuHe, ,e-no je crehu npaay c,raryuyxynHoj.rrony,rauu.jH osc npu"""ur1.. Vrr. A. Kpcrnh.,.C"na*u Hacc,bay lloalHaa,,sy H floeag[Hu( p6nje H jyxHe vr apcne y r 5. ri npeoj r pehHuH r n ""null.

lzv. 52 r2005 r. cr p.l";;"i;iACH 11,385-387, 433434, !:t452: 159460 (C. huproaHh); ucru, ,,Ceo6e cpncxor HapoAa yKpa,'r,ennny Vrapcrry y 14. n 15. sery.",-Ceole ,par*ot ,rlupogo

-og 14. go 20. eexa,36opuux paloeanocseheH rpncraroAuurbrrqu ceo6e ip6a, Beorpaa, rSOO,'1..p.:z +0.

28

29

30

IICTOPI{JA 14 f EOTPAOI,IJA

y roM norpaHrzr{HoM noApyqjy, yK,'byr{yjyhu v pa^t v3 1476. xojuje nperxo4rzorrorrr4cy, raKo u 4enonynarlr.rje HacraJle ycneA parHr4x pa3aparba lr po6rema,enr.r4evuja u rJraAHr{x roAr,rHa y BpeMeHy npe 1459, roKoM 4erleHuja o46paHeCp6nje oA ocMaHcKe Hajesge.3o

Ilpeva rroAauuMa rpBHX ocMaHcKr{x rorruca, y Bpauraueay je 1467.6r.rno 304, a l4l6. roAHHe eeh 368 ceJra, o.q rora AeBer 6eg craHoeHuxa. Ha-ceJr,aBarbe rrperxoAHo 3arrycrennx Hacer'ba, a BepoBarHo a Soplrraparre HoBr,rx,rpneno je 3HarHHM AenoM craHoBHHnrrBoM ca B!'rauKr4M crarycou.3l Kaxo no-xa:yjy rroAaqr4 4eQrepa uz 1476, qerBprr4Ha ceocKt4x HaceJba uMaJra je trarreoA ner ryha, cna4ajyhn raHo y xareroprajy raryJbacrnx HaceJba. Ceera 22yocena yrr4caHux y onoj o6,racrn r4MaJro je nuure oa 30 xyha. Burue ol90o/o sa-cersa 6rano je cMelrreHo Ha HaAMopcrcoj sncnnu Ao 300 nrerapa.l2

floAaqn r<oje npyNajy Ae$repr.r u: rpehe r4 qerBpre AeueHuje 16. nera,HacraJrv nocJre ocMaHcKor oceajarua AenoBa ceBepHe H ceBepo3arra4He Cp6njenoA ympcKorr,r alaurhy (6eorpa4crca n [la6aqxa 6aHomua) 152 1. ro4nue, ra-role noxasyjy Benr{K}r 6poj nace,'ra ca penarnBHo MaJrr,rM 6pojer'l craHoBHr4Ka.lo4nHe 1528130. y Eeorpa4cnoj Haxraju rorncaHe cy 2.142 craperxuHe Ao-N,rahuncrasa y 159 cena, raKo Aa je npoceuua BeJrr{rrr{Ha cena y oeoj Haxrzjnr:uocnra je 13,5 xyha. 9ax 89 ceJra r.{MaJro je uan e o4 l0 ryha, a errtre oA 30ryha 6r.rno je carr.ro y Mnpujenqy, AaHaubeu 6eorpa4cKoM HaceJby Mupuje-so.33 V Hcro BpeMe, y cyce4uoj Ba;seecrcoj uaxuju y6e,rexeuo je 216 ceJra cayKyrrHo 2.391 Aouahr{HcrBoM. Og rora, 45o/o lr'acer,,a nMaro je ao l0 xyha, acaMo cy rpr{ ce,ra 6pojana Br4ue oA 30 xyha.3a Y tlla6aurcoj naxujuje 1533.og 64 ceta caMo br4x qerr,rpn [MaJro Br4ue oA 30 AonrahrzncraBa, a y cyceA-unu Haxujaua loma n lopma Ma.{sa nr.rje nocrojano uuje4uo ceJ'ro ca Burueo4 30 rcyha.3s flpanrnuHo qlrraBo xpuurhaucxo craHoBHr.turBo ceBepo3a[aAHeCp6lrje, pauraje Llla6aqrce u Eeorpagcxe 6aHoerHe, HaKoH Typcxor ocaaja*aonnx rpajeea r4MaJro je nnaurHn craryc H Kao raKBo :a6e,reNeHo y norrlacy r{31528. roallHe. To yxasyje la je BeJrr4KnM Ae,loM y nnraH,y neh nocrojehe cra-

30 A. Kpcruh,,,Kyveao u Xe,rc':Hurc...", crp. 150-153; ucru,,,Cuegepencna xpaj...", crp.46 54.

il O Haee,'uaearsy B,raxa crovapa. xuic ocuaHcxe a,racrr rperupajy Hfi(JbyqilBo nuo couHjaIH;rareropu.jy, eugeru: ,I[. Bo.fauuh-Jlyxav,,,B,racu y cesepuoj Cp6ujr.r n uHXoBH rrpBrl xaaynn,,I4V,l8(1971),crp.255 268; B.Djurdjev,,,OnaseljavanjuVlaha-stodarausjevernuSrbijuudrugojpolo-vini XV vijeka" , Godiinjak druitva istoriioro BIH,35 ( I 984), str. 9-34; ll. Mu,rxosuh - A. Kpcruh,Epauuueeo y 15. cexy, crp.47-50, 62 63, 94-98. O npo6trelry B,raxa noa ocMaHcKoM o,rauhy yn. H:Uctuopujd Hopoga Jv-tctctaeuje II, Eeorpag, 1960, crp. 80-84 (E. I)yp!ea); Ilcwopuja cpucKor HdpogoIII/ I , Beorpal, 1 993, clp. 65-8 I (P CaMapurh); O. 3upojcnuh, Typcxo eo.j uo ypefien,e, clp. 110-17 6,E. Mrl,rxoeuh-E o.iauuh, C t e g ep es c Ku caHU a K..., crp. 229 233.

32 E. Ma,rroeuh A. Kpcruh, Epanuaeeo y I 5. eexy, crp. 90 98.

33 X. lUa6anosuh, Typcrcu useopu..., ctp. 142-242; A. KpcrHh, ,,Ceocxa HacerRa y llogynae,ry uIlocaouHu", clp. I 8l-182.

34 BBATTD, No.978; E. MH,tKoeuh, Beu,eecxu xpaj y npau.u ge4euujcLua LuypcKe sracutu, Barr,eno,crp. I 53.

35 A. HandZi6, Dva prva popisa zvorniiktg sandiaka, crp. 106 199; ucru, ,,Llla6aq n rberoBa oKorruHay 16. eujexy", IlJadatl y upoul,tocwu 1, IIIa6aq, 1970, crp. 174-243; A. Kpcruh, ,,Ceocra Hacerba yflo.lyuan,'ry u llocaaunn", crp. 178.

3t

KPC t tl'h Nq'I\/HAB.I6L U TlOC)B]II]A Y NO3HOM CPHIIIbEM IJIKY

HoBHHrrrrBo rcoje je Ao6u,ro BrauKr4 craryc r.r yKJbyr{eHo y Bna[Ky KHe)Ku HcKyopraHu:aqrajy, a He caMo AoceJ'beHo BJra[IKO CTaHOBHT4TUTSO. crauosHt4Lu.tMauonoocnojeHHx n0fpaHnqsnx o6lacrr.r Aar je s,rarurcn craryc il ca rt,uMe I]o-Be3aHe Ogroeapajyhe $ucrca:rue IlotoAHocrr..r, KaKo 6u ce cnpeuu!,ro H,r.rxoBo6eNarue ca 3eMJ'be t4 oHH Be3aJru 3a ocMaHcKy Ap)KaBy. c,ruqno je 6r.r,ro n ycpeuy rocne ocMaHcKor 3ay3r4Maba re o6lacru 1526. roarzue, na cy craHoB-Huqn cpeucKor- caHuaKa roKoM 16. sera ranofe n,raha,ru gax6nHe no BJrau-xona o6r.ruajy, AaKre .[yKar no xyhu, a He xapaq no vylrxoj rraBn Kao paja.,,,Beh oxo 1530. e,rautxo craHoBHr4urrBo cprrcKe flocasnHe u llo4ynaarsa iy6uceoj non,rauheHn craryc u 6vea cBeAeHo Ha no,roNaj paje.

Z nope4 peJrarr4BHe 6pojHocru flficaHr4x H3Bopa, npoyqaBarbe rpaAcKr.rxH ceocKllx HaCeJba. rvarepuja,rr-re Kynrype u yruuaja npHpo^tHe cpcnHHe Ha)Kr{BOre Jbyru y oBoM cneur4(ruvuou BpeMeHy H flpocropy urje rr,roryhe 6e:yBVAa y pe3ynrare ao xojnx je,qouna apxeonoruja. Apxeo,rourKa zcKorraBabarro3HocpellboBeKoBHr4x HaCeJba y [perenuMa y: casy u fiyaan, HaKo Hr4cycrroBeAeHa y norpe6uona o6nnay, AoHena cy BeoMa BpeAHa Ca3HaH,a O HaBe-4eHOj npO6,reuartqu.rT Ha ocuony ctlpoBeAeHlIX apxeonolxKHX hcTpa)Kr.rBatbaMoxe ce pehn aa cy Ha ro-tpy.rjy,aaHaurue Bojso:nue. Kao n y rpajeenvajyxlo oA Case n lyuana, flpeoBnaAaBaJra ceocKa HaceJ.ba :6rajeHor runa. Celacy-6nta [orr{r'Hyra yrnaBHoM y AOnUHaMa IOTOKa n Marbux peKa HnH [opeAo6ara fyHaea u cage, n 6pojnux 6apa rcoje cy ce npore3ane Ay)K meHux o6a-la. MelJy ceocKr,M xyhava Ha oBrM rrpocrop,Ma npeoe,rafyjy ronyyKorraHxo6jexl.r (no,rysemyHnUe), Aox ce HaA3eMHe xyhe o.q 14. u 15. serca jan,,rajy cneveuhe, n ro rr.rry o4roaapajy 6pnuapaua n,'ru 6oH4pyqapaMa. lpeo rz ,pyrunaKr4 Marepnja,rn npeaacxonHo cy xopnurheHLT v 3a r.r3t-paArby .puaanr* *yhu.

o4cycrno ogronapajyhux Aonaahr.rx cpenrboBer(oBHr,x r43Bopa oHeMo-ryhaea Hac Aa 4era,'r'Hnje cal'reraMo xnBor Ha ceny H noJborrpr.rBpeAHe aK-rr4BHocrr4. Tr.rnre je :Havaj paHlrx ocMaHcKxx georepa joru u nehn, florrrro oHr4oc,rnnanajy He caMo npr4Bpe,xHy crpyKrypy rpyre ronoBuHe 15. n noqerrca 16.cro,reha seh r.r exoHoMr.rKy rrperxoAHor pa3.lo6,na. Xneor o6uquor qoBeKa Hace,ry ogsnjao ce y ycraJ'beHHM oKBLrpfiMa, ycrrocraBJbeHl{M TOKOM llperxorHr.txBeKoBa. OnmnpHu neOrepil .qoHoce ronarKe tto craBKaMa o rax6nuanaa rcojecy Har,rahunaHe y cBaKoM Hace,'by, ruro ouoryh aBa yBun y rpr.rBpeAHy Aenar-

36 ltaop4iu rrapoqa Jvktt;taeuie II. crp. 171-179 (6. 1-rypllca); A. Kpcr'h,,,Bpenre rypcxe Bnacrn yCpervry", Cpe.v xpot ea*tce: c.tojeou Kr,.llutpo <Dp1,arc tope u Cpi.uu,:6opulr pa,roea,6eor.pag_Eeoquu, 2007. crp.76.

37 I'lr o6trvue apxeonoltKe -rll{reparype ongc heuo HaBecrH caNro Heno.rrlKo lrorrorpa4n-ja, r6opHnra nqJraHaKa o cpe.qbotseKoBHuN! rpa.qcKfiN,r H ceocKHNl nace,rbilN{ay cpncKoN{ Ilo,tysae,ry: J. Hcurxosuh,C-uegepeccru ryrag, Crrerepeeo, 1975; D. Minii, ,,Le site d'habitation m6didval de Madvanska Mirrovica", 'Srrilllrr, ll (1980); S. Iirccgovii-Pavlor.ii,,,Les ndcropoles remaines ct rrddicvales deMadvanska Mitrovica", Sirmium, l2 (1930); lit:itoplrja Beorpagu 1, [ieorpa,1, 197;t, crp. 296_]17(M. 6a.ja.roaHh Xagu-[Ieuuh, f. MapjaHonuh-Byjoouh, M. hononuh); M. rorroeuh,

'Eeolpagcru

tu'pl1aca. licorpa,l.2006r; M. llonosuh B. 14saHuures'h,,,l par Eparrn.reoo y cpeg*eu nCxy,,,('utctptrttttp, IIC 39 (198U), clp. 125 179; fl Mu,rorrresuh. Cluttnoauil,o ,, ,lrorlnou"*,r*rtj (.pdtiju,Eeorpa,r, 1997: M. QH'ax, C-uegaTrcccxa wcpllaeu, rtoeuju ucmpa.xuein,i. Cue,,repeeo, 1998.Pery,rralu apxeonouKt'tx fictpil(ntsarba npHo6a-ra ,l(yuaea non,raaJr,eHor H3rpajtHrou T)ep,ta1cr<exHilpoe"reK r paHe o6.iae-lserru cy y qacorlHcy C.iuultu uu p, 33 14 ( l gg2_1 9g3 ).

32

i

i

' tlcToPt4JA t4 fEOf PAOI4.rA

Hocr, trpe cBera flo,'bonp[BpeAHy npor.r3BoArby. To, nrefyrrav, Ba)Kr.r caMo 3aoHa govahnucrea xoja cy r,rahala yo6nuajeHe pajuucxe 4ax6uHc u 3a oHe Bp-cre ttpoH3BoAa xoje cy onope3uBaHe. Taxo ce, Ha trpnMep, Mo)Ke yrepararn 6pojcBhba H oBaua 3a cBaKo cero. ann He N 6poj KpyrHe croKe u xilBHHe. roja unjeonope3oBaHa. leorepu orvroryhaeajy Aa ce creKHe penarr4BHo rpeqr.r3Ha cJruKao cparnepuoj 3acrynJbeHocrn nojeanuilx parapcKux r(ynrypa y yr<ynuoj npo-H3BOArbfi. Ha OCUOny rofa ce Mo)Ke flpr4Meruru Ia je oA cBr4x )Kuraptlua najerz-rue y:rajaua flueHuua (oxo 357o), 3ar[M jeuav, pa)K, rrpoco, ro6. Oa ocraJrr..rxKynrypa, flopeA y:rajan a soha tr noepha, 3arr.{M J'raHa u KoHorr,rbe, yr]raBHoM 3acorrcrBeHe norpe6e, y BennKoM o6uuy rajena je BHHoBa,to3a.i8

llpu npoqerufl BaFby npH Hoca noje.1uHr.rx floJborp14Bpe.qHHX KyJtrypa uc-rpaxuBar{ ce cycpehe ca fll{rarbeM KoJlHKo cy peanHH floAaurl xoje 4oHoce geQ-repn. tr4aro ce yrnaBHoM cMarpa ga 4eQreplr :6or ceoje Sncna,rue nprpoAe yrrphHrrr.rrry npnxa:yjy peanHy cJrLrKy crarba ua repeHy,s'r aHarrv3a no4araxa xojeoHH AoHoce HeKaA AoBoArr Ao retuKo o6jarttrrunnx pe3ynrara. Taxo 6u, npztre-papa4u, Ha ocHoBy ronaraKa y Ae$repr4Ma o AecelrHu(vwypy) nojy je y3uMaocnaxraja rpe6a,ro ga 6yae uoryhe flpoueHnrn 14 KonHqr4Hy npon3BeAeHHX )KH-rapuqa Ha jeauou no,rpyujy. V.yp, rcoju je:aje4uo cacanapujo.u uzuocmo llJutu l18 JrerilHe, o6pauyHanau je y cpncrov lloayHanloy y.r).KHu.\ta.ar]4je onao6pauyucxa Mepa uMara pa3nr.rLrr.{Ty re)KHHy og o6,racrn Ao o6,racrn. JeAsonyKHo y Spaur.ruencxou eulajery reNulo j e 1461 . roAuHe 92,36 w, a y Cve4e-peBcKoM caHuaKy 1528. roanne 119,592 xr.ao Aro ce y3Me, AaKrre, ga je yxynur.lpol1 HeKe )Kurapnue ceAaM nyra aehn oA Korr4rruHe xoja ce gaje Ha r.{Me yuypa,r.i aKo ce raj pog noAenn ca yKyrrHr4M 6pojeu rcyha, npoucruqe Aa cy Ao6r.rjeHeKoJruqhHe xr4rapuqa no 4onahnucrBy y Haxrzja ller y Epaunveey i46'1 . rolu-He H3Hocr4J're 1,7 roHa, a y cyceaHoj Haxuju Jlyvraqa 2,5 roue. Mefyruu, ucruMeroA npnMerbeH ua Eeorpa4cxy naxujy 1528130. roAnHe noxa:yje 4ajejeguanopoAr{qa rpoceqHo rpotr3BoAnna 5,2 roHe )r(rirapr4rla. I4axo cy y Eeorpa4crojHaxrlju xpajena rpehe aeqeunje 16. BeKa rrpere)r(Ho npucyrHe 3aApy)KHe, AaKJreBeJrr4Ke rropoAurre BnalxKor craHoBHulxrna xoje je ca crouapcrea eeh yBenHKoflpetxno Ha 3eMJbopaAby, noAarlr4 o oBaKo BtrcoKr.rM npt4HocilMa He ql4He ceMHOTO IOfl{qHlIM HH BepoBaTHHM.

V oclaaHucrzuil cy qfiFbeHil noryLuajn -ta ce nphMeHoM MoAepHHx eKo-HoMcKr{x MeroAa npoqeHr.r yKyrrHa npou3Bor}ba xpaHe y flogyuas,ny Ha ocHo-By noAaraKa 4e$repa fl3 rpyre ttoJ]oBHHe 16. eera,al trrro Moxe 6url nyrorat

E. Mu;rronuh-EojaHHh, ,,Ceocra npgBpeAa y Cue;lepeocxo\,r caHuakJ (1476 1560)., Aq, $(2001), crp. I l7 136; E. Mn,rxosuh A. Kpcruh, \puuuuetn y 15. eexy,ctp.229-237; A. Kpcruh,,,Cuerlepeecxu xpa.i...", crp. 59 6I.B. McGorvan, ,,Food Supply and raxation on the Middle Danube (l56ll-1579\", Archivunr olona-nicunt l, p. 140, rlcrHve.la.ic o.l iaenocru noilarara nonHca 3aBHcHJro rfyuruuoHHcaH,e ocN{aHcKe.qplKaRe, o/lHocHo upt{KynJbame cpeucraBa la orpxaeabe ec.rlrre crraxl-jcre BoicKe.

llpopauyuaeama cy H3BpueHa rx ocHoBy floraraxa rtrie ra-iy ortloaapajyhu rauyull: D. Bojanii, zirr-ski zakoni i zakonski propisi iz I 5. i 16. veka za snederetsku, kruietaiku i vidinskr obla.rl, Beograd,1974, str.36, 153, 166, 172.

B. Mc(iowan,,,Food Supply...", pp. 1.10-196, Bprxuo.le nopele*e rrolaraKa rrorrtrca (rcrupu

38

.1t

-J -'

KPCT14h nonyHABJ6E tI nocABr.tHA y IO3HOM CPEAISEM BEKy

3a cJlrqHa Hcrpa)KnBana Ha ocHoBy rrorrHca fi3 rpyre rroJroBHHe 15. n npaeno!'roBil He I 6. cro,reha.

Itlsaopu u nuLuepqmypa

l. Ea6r.rurep O., (2010): Merueg Oceajau u tueroeo go6a, HonuCaa, 196g.2 Bagbakanhk Argivi, Tapu tahrir defierleri.3. EeprpaH4ou 4e na Bporr.rjep, ( 1950): Ilyruoearce uperco uopa, Eeorpa4.4. Erarojernh M., (2010): O upegaju Eeolpaga *poiy )I{ut.ryugy 14i7. toguue,

36opuurc Maruuqe cpucxe n ucu.topujy, g2, cr$. l_22.5. E,rarojeerzh M.. ( 1994): Hacena y Maqeu u uumaH,a cpucxtt-yrapcKe tpuHu4e.

BaJr,esG- rrocraHaK rr ycrroH rpaAcxor cpeAr.rrxra, Ba,ueao, crp.7g_92.6 EoNuh U., (1952): fiy6poeuurc u Typcrca y 14. u ]5. eercy,Beoipa1.7 . Eojanrzh-Jlyra'r !., ( l97l ): Bnacu y ceeepuoj Cp6uju i *rroi, up6u KaHyHu,

LIq, 18, wp.255-268.8. Bojani6 D., (1974): Turski zakoni i zakonski propisi iz 15. i 16. veka za smede-

revsku, kruievaiku i vidinsku oblast, Beograd.9' Bacuh M., 3upojenuh o., crojauoacxn A., (1992): Irouuc Hururcol KoglnyKa

us 1498. Ioguue, Cnonresur CAHy, l3l, OAe,,rerse ucropujcxu* nuyniT.I0. Bece,rr.ruonuh A., (2006): fiptrcaea cpucxux gecuor,ua,Eeorpa4.11. Bece,rr'r'onuh A., (1991): [y6po6euKo Mani eerle o cp6uju' (1415-1460), Be-

ofpaA.l2' Becenrzuoenh A., (1987): Ceeepouctuouua Cp6uja y cpegtuet4 eercy, L4cro-

pr.rjcrra rJracHlrK, l-2, crp. 43_73.13. Beceruuoeuh A., (2009): Tpu uoeene us xv 6eKe 3q.vauactuupe Tuctteua

u_Boguqa - gecuoma CmeQaua us 1406; Kpa"bo )I{ulwyuga us 1429; JaurcaXyn'aguja us 1444, Crapr.r cprrcKr.r apxvB, g, crp. lg3_203.'

14. Brarauaq M., (1927): tr42 uyruouuca xauca lepuuteaua 1553- 1555. toguHe,Epacrueo, 21 crp. 56-104.

15. Gelcich J. - Thall6czy L., Diptomatarium rerationem reipublicae RagusanaecLtm regno Hungariae, Budapest, 1887.

16. lwwuh M., ( 1968): BracLutt y 6peve,{ecuou,toeuue, 36opnwxOulo:oScror$axynrera, I 0-1, crp. 23j-244.

l7-. lvrwuhM., fpafia sa ucu.topujy Eeolpaga y cpegtuet4 eercy II, Beorpa4, 195g.18. luHuh M., Cpucrce 3e,vJbe y cpegtueil eexy,Be6rpal, lgig.19. lnuuh-KHexesuh !., (1986): fy1poeuux u Vtipcxa y cpegtue, eercy, Honu

Caa.20. Djurdjev B., ( 1984): o naseljavanju vlaha-stoiara u sjevernu srbiju u drugoj

polovini XV vtjeka, Godi5njak dru5tva istoridara BIH, 35, str. 9_34.

fioiqyHaBcxa caHfraKa (cpeucxol; cere4uHcror, T)y:rcxor lr cue4epeecxor) u: oxo 1570. rorunenpernapajyhu cBe lrpuHoce y Ku'ToipuJte eKoHo.ucKol uureHurrHol eKauae,teHuta. I5eroe lrerogMo.rn4uxoeao.ic N. Moadanin, Slavoniia i Srijem u razdohlju osmanske vladavine, Slavonski Brod,2001. str. 157-163.

2

2

J

J

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

4

4

I

34

-_

23.

24.

I4CTOP},IJA t4 f EOf PAOI1JA

21. Enesowrh f., (1932): Typcxu u36opu sa ucr.uopujy Jylocitoeeua.,{ea rypcxaxpoHr4r{apa u: 15. serca, Epacreo, 26, crp.5l-125.

22. Engel P., (2000): Atdrdk dulasok hatasa a ndpessdgre: Valk6 megye peldaya",Szhzadok, 13412, str. 267 -32 I .

Ercegovii-Pavlovii S., (1980): Les ndcropoles remaines et medi|vales deMaivanska Mitrovica, Sirmium, 12.3upojenuh O., (1983): Jlecrcoearl u neloea uaxuja og 1455. go 1683. IoguHe,Jlecr<osaqru :6opuur<, 23.

25. Zirojevii O., (1966-1967): Putopisi u ogledalu deftera, Prilozi za orijenralnufilologiju, 16-11, sIr. 125-134.

26. 3r.rpojenuh O., (1966): PajHort Jly6euay o Eeorpagy uCp6uju 1587. ro4une,foguum'arc lpaga Eeolpaga, 13, crp.49-63.

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Summary

Aleksandar Krstii

HISTORICALAND GEOGRAPHICALASPECTS OF THE RESEARCH OF TIIESBRBIAN PODT.NAVLJE AND POSAVINA (THB DANUBE AND THE SAVA REGION)

IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES

Key words: Podunavlje (the Danube region), posavina (the Sava region), Ser-bia, the Middle Ages, historical geography

The period between the Battle of Kosovo (13s9) and the formation of theeyelets of Buda (1541) and Temesvar (1552) was marked by the breakthroughof the ottomans in the Danube region and their struggle with Serbia (unTil1459) an^d Hungary to master this area. lt is also the medieval period richest insources-for the study of social and economic history and historical geographyof the Serbian Podunavlje and posavina (the Danube and the sav-a rJgion;.This paper presents a review of previous research on this issue, points out tlr.main historical sources and problems that they put in front of researchers andpresents the latest research results, in part resulting from the author's research.

38

I4CTOPIIJA I,T f EOI'PAOT{JA

The,,land" (zemtja) in medieval Serbia was greater teffitorial and admin-

istrative unit, which included several iupas (districts). In the area of northern

Serbia, in Posavina, there was the "land" of Madva, and in Podunavlje the"land" of Kudevo and Branidevo. More recent studies have defined the borders

of specifled areas and corrected earlier misconceptions about the propagation

of the Hungarian government in northwestern Serbia in the late Middle Ages,

caused by equalizing the Madva "land" and the Hungarian Banat of Madva

(Macs6). The Hungarian Banat of Madva was at that time confined to a narrow

area next to the Sava with several fortresses and their districts. By change in

the Hungarian-Serbian relations in the first half of l5th century, these regions

*e.e "onnected

to the Serbian state until the Ottoman conquest in 145811459.

Kudevo, which expanded between the rivers Velika Morava, Danube, Jasenica

and the mountaini of Avala and Kosmaj, was in administrative terms united

with the'oland" of Branidevo. However, during the l4th and the 15th century

Kudevo survived as a particular geographical area. Comparing the data on set-

tlements provided by Serbian charters with material from the Ottoman census-

es - defters, one can get a picture of their continuity and discontinuity, which

indirecily indicates depopulation during the warfare that led to the collapse ofthe Serbian state. Such research in the area of Branidevo shows that half ofthe villages of Branidevo completely lost their inhabitants during the Ottoman

subjugation of Serbia. The comparison of the data of the medieval and Ottoman

roui."t also showed a kind of continuity in economic centres - market places in

the area of Branidevo. The Ottoman defters have shown that there were a large

number of settlements in the Serbian Danube and the Sava region in the second

half of the I 5th and the first decades of the 1 6th century, but they were mostly

small. Archaeological excavations provide valuable findings on the appearance

of the settlements and way of life in the Danube and the Sava region'The Ottoman defters provide the insight into the economic structure in

rural settlements during the second half of the l5th and early l6 century. The

defters enable to obtain a relatively accurate picture ofthe proportional repre-

sentation of crops in total production. On this basis, it may be noted that wheat

was grown most of all the cereals (about 35yo), followed by barley, rye, millet,oats.-Among other crops, in addition to growing fruits and vegetables, followed

by flax and hemp, vine was grown to a large extent.

39