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a Geographic Information System (GIS) distributed across a computer
network to integrate, disseminate, and communicate geographic
information visually on the World Wide Web (Edward, 2000).
adalah aplikasi GIS atau pemetaan digital yang memanfaatkan
jaringan internet sebagai media komunikasi yang berfungsi
mendistribusikan, mempublikasikan, mengintegrasikan,
mengkomunikasikan dan menyediakan informasi dalam bentuk teks,
peta dijital serta menjalankan fungsi–fungsi analisis dan query yang
terkait dengan GIS melalui jaringan internet (Prahasta, 2007).
UMN MapServer (http://mapserver.gis.umn.edu) MapServer merupakan aplikasi pemetaan
online (web-mapping) yang cukup popular. Dikembangkan oleh Universitas Minnesota dan
didukung oleh NASA dan Departemen Sumber Daya Alam Minnesota (Minnesota
Department of Natural Resources).
MapGuide Open Source (http://mapguide.osgeo.org/). MapGuide Open Source merupakan
aplikasi pemetaan online (web-based mapping) dan dikembangkan dan didukung oleh
OSGEO Foundation. Mapguide dapat dikembangkan di Linux atau Windows dan dapat
didukung oleh Apache atau IIS, sedangkan bahasa pemrograman yang dapat dipergunakan
adalah ASP .NET, PHP, Java dan Javascript.
GeoServer (http://geoserver.sourceforge.net/). GeoServer merupakan aplikasi pemetaan
online (web-mapping) yang berbasiskan Java dan dibangun menggunakan library
GeoTools. GeoServer merupakan implementasi OpenGIS Consortium untuk Spesifikasi
Web Feature Server.
DeeGree (http://deegree.sourceforge.net/) DeeGree, sebelumnya dikenal dengan nama
jaGo, menyediakan beberapa fungsi SIG yang merupakan implementasi dari OpenGIS
Consortium.
efisiensi biaya, efisiensi beban kerja sumber daya manusia
untuk instalasi, pemeliharaan dan dukungan teknis,
pemangkasan kurva pembelajaran untuk pengguna akhir
dan keunggulan dalam hal integrasi data spatial dan data
non spatial menggunakan DBMS.
• Response time
o depends on network, interface, data design,and on Internet
connection and traffic
• Media size and resolution
o significantly limited compared to traditionalpaper maps
• Variety of (new) tools and technologies
o HTML, CSS, JavaScript, API, Database,PHP/ASP/CFML, and
web GIS software
http://webmap.psdg.bgl.esdm.go.id/pmapper_webmap/pmapper-4.2.0/map_default.phtml
Bagus
Data sharing
http://tanahair.indonesia.go.id/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=69cb6d2bfdd0421a8b3b0c27f179741d
http://tanahair.indonesia.go.id/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=f702d005dda94400939e210aed012b5b
Problems in GIS
◦ Data intensive. The size of GIS files tends to be large. A single file can be hundreds of MB or more.
◦ Computation intensive. Spatial analysis, such as buffer and network analysis, may take an extensive amount of time.
◦ GIS software is mostly expensive. Individual users and small organizations can not afford commercial GIS software.
• GIS in cloud systems
– Anything that needs a large storage space or high performance computing can be handled easily by cloud systems
– Users only pay a small amount of money for GIS services in cloud systems.
Google Maps
Powered by a cloud system, Google maps allow users to perform a list of tasks, such as exploring maps, finding places, getting directions and more. All these could be done with a web browser.
http://maps.google.com/
• ArcGIS Mobile– Extend ArcGIS to iPads and iPhones
– Access GIS data on mobile devices
– Collect and edit GIS data on using GPS in mobile devices
http://www.esri.com/library/brochures/pdfs/arcgis-for-mobile.pdf
• Create and edit maps, layers and features (points, lines and
polygons)
• Rich GIS symbology with customizable rules (expressions), thematic
map wizards and powerful label management
• Supports multiple vector and raster formats (.shp, .kml, .gpx, .tif, .sid,
…)
• Edit spatial and non-spatial data
http://www.giscloud.com/apps/map-editor/
Map Authoring
• Upload and sync data (files, DB, API)
• Supporting multiple sources: vectors, rasters, WMS, ESRI ArcMap,
Basemaps (Google Maps, Bing), Mobile devices, MapBox,
PostgreSQL, Excel, CSV, …
• File and database manager
• Tabular and window pop-up for non-spatial data view with attribute
aliases, filtering and re-ordering
Data Sources & Management
http://www.giscloud.com/apps/map-editor/
• One-click map sharing with other GIS Cloud users
• Share with view or edit capabilities
• Share over permalink
• Per layer sharing permission settings
Sharing
http://www.giscloud.com/apps/map-editor/
• Easily publish your maps through the embed code, WMS and Google
Maps
• Customize and integrate using the API
• Export maps to high resolution raster imager
• Export vector layers to spatial vector formats (.shp, .mif, .kml, …)
Publishing & Export
http://www.giscloud.com/apps/map-editor/
• Do hotspot, buffer, area & radius coverage analysis
• Write complex spatial selection expressions using spatial selection
wizard
• Create new layers from a selection
Spatial Queries & Analysis
http://www.giscloud.com/apps/map-editor/
1. Data distribution service: produce more standards-compliant GIS products for different types of user groups with multiple service protocols, such as KML, WMS (Web Map Service), WFS (Web Feature Service) and WCS (Web Coverage Service). It also includes the special service as virtual appliance for PolarGrid field crew who has limited computing resource and internet connection
2. Software as a Service: make complex GIS processing and analyses tools more accessible to Matlab and other software packages used in PolarGrid.
3. Infrastructure as a Service: provide system sustainability and reusability for related projects, such as 3D visualization service and other high-level data analysis projects.
1. Lebih murah, karena kita tidak perlu menyediakan infrastruktur &
SDM TI sendiri.
2. Lebih reliabel, karena data dan apikasi kita dijaga oleh layanan
tanpa henti 24x7.
3. Lebih efisien, karena kita bisa memilih layanan yang kita butuhkan
dan membayar sesuai dengan biaya layanan itu saja.
4. Lebih kompatibel, karena dapat diakses dimana saja asal ada
koneksi internet.
5. Lebih aman, karena seluruh data disimpan dalam sebuah server
terpusat yang memiliki fungsi backup.
6. Lebih sederhana, karena kita tidak memerlukan pemahaman
sistem TI.
Komputer akan menjadi lambat atau tidak bisa dipakai
sama sekali jika internet bermasalah atau kelebihan
beban. Dan juga perusahaan yang menyewa layanan dari
cloud computing tidak punya akses langsung ke sumber
daya. Jadi, semua tergantung dari kondisi
vendor/penyedia layanan cloud computing. Jika server
vendor rusak atau punya layanan backup yang buruk,
maka perusahaan akan mengalami kerugian besar.
Traditional GIS Open Source
GIS
Open Source
Cloud GIS
Managed Cloud
GIS
License Cost Yes No No No
Hardware Cost Yes Yes Paid Monthly
direct to Cloud
Provider
(Google)
Included in
Monthly fee
Software
Customization
Cost
Yes Yes Yes Included in
Monthly fee
Data Cost Yes Yes Yes Included in
Monthly fee
Maintenance
Cost
Yearly Yearly Yearly Included in
Monthly fee
• Traditional Web GIS – Total Costs 200K (2 Milyar Rp.), Development Cost 55K, 1 year Maintenance Cost 30K, License Cost 100K, Hardware Cost 20k, 1 Year COTS AMC 20K
• IAAS- Total Costs 150K. No Hardware Cost. Lower maintenance Cost balances monthly usage charges
• PAAS- Total Costs 100K. 80K development cost and 20K Maintenance over one year period.
Traditional GIS with
Commercial Software
(Rs)
IAAS with same
Commercial SW(Rs)
PAAS with Open Source
(Rs)
Hardware 1800000 0 0
Yearly Hardware AMC 360000 0 0
COST License 4500000 4500000 0
COST AMC 900000 900000 0
Development 2700000 2700000 3600000
Yearly Customized
Software Maintenance
540000 540000 0
Monthly Cloud Usage
Charges
0 45000 45000
Monthly IT costs 45000 0 0
Monthly Cloud SW
Support
0 90000 90000
TCO for 3 years 16020000 16380000 8460000
RMSI Share 27% 46% 81%
Upfront Cost 56.17977528 43.95604396 42.55319149
Asset Management Company - AMC Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Risk Management Services, Inc.
TCO for Project X
• Bagaimana kita mengimplementasikan atau menggunakan
aplikasi tersebut.
Implementasi atau penerapan aplikasi open source bidang geo-
spasial perlu didasari beberapa pertimbangan, antara lain:
o SDM
o Teknologi : Kecepatan dan efisiensi;
o Kebijakan
o Format data dan Standard data untuk interoperabilitas
(Spesifikasi OGC).
