Kings Of England

1157-1509

England is born!

• Late 1100’s- France and England were a mixture of interconnected feudal lands

• Early 1200’s- England and France became separate nations

• Established approximately 1000 years after the invasion of the Normans

• Tudors- responsible for creating the English Reformation and Renaissance.

Henry II1133-1189

• William the Conqueror's great grandson

• Crowned king in 1154• Increased royal power• Sent royal judges to visit

every part of England at least once a year

• They collected taxes, settled lawsuits, and punished crimes

• He created common law that we still use today

• He was part of the Angevien dynasty

• Most effective of all of Britain

• Raised in the French province of Anjou

Henry Tudor (Henery VII)1475-1509

• He was born in 1475 and died in 1509• He was the founder of the Tudor Dynasty• He won the throne from Richard VII at the battle of Bosworth Field• Crowned as Henry VII • He united the houses of York and Lancaster by marrying Elizabeth

of York in 1486.• Ruled from 1485-1509• He strengthened the power of the monarchy by using traditional

methods of government to tighten royal administration and increase revenues.

• He used local landowners as officials which were called Justices of the Peace.

• He ruled for 24 years and then was succeeded by his son Henry VII

Edward III1312-1377

• Was born 1312 died 1377• 1327 –crowned king• Was noted for his military success • He turned England into a formidable military forceSome of the things he did and wars he fought in• 1337-1338 –war broke out; made alliance with Emperor Louis• 1320 –made Earl of Chests• 1325 –made Duke of Aquitaine• 1326 –proclaimed warden of kingdom during father’s absence• 1339-1140 –planned to invade France from north• Being denied the throne of France was what made him start the 100 years

war• Had poor health which was the cause of his death

King Henry V1386-1422

• Was born 1386 died 1422• After the exile of his father in 1398, Richard II took Henry V in as his own• The Lancastrian Revolution forced Henry V as heir to the throne of England in

1399• Became king on March 20 1413• As soon as he became king he continued war with France• He also continued the 100 years war • He held much political power during his reign• He faced three major problems during the time he ruled- The restoration of

domestic peace, the healing of schism in the Church and the recovery of English prestige in Europe

• In 1420 he created the Treaty of Troyes with Charles VI which recognized him to the heir of the throne of France Two years later, he died suddenly and left his throne to his infant son.

King John1167-1216

• John was a complete failure as a military leader and caused more trouble than resolving it. Because of this he was known as soft sword.

• The Magna Carta which was a charter limiting the kings power was made because of how horrible and unfair of a ruler he was

• After the loss against Normandy many lords had to choose whether to hold lands in France or in England. Because of this he was also called Lack Land

• William the conqueror took Normandy and the lands of Northern France from John

• Magna Carta: the “great charter” of English liberties, forced from King John by the English barons and sealed at Runnymede June 15th, 1215. The Magna Carta made the king ask lords advice for important decisions and stopped him from making unfair taxes.

• Charters usually granted more power to the king but instead restricted it• King John died in 1216, the year after he signed the Magna Carta

Richard the First1157-1199

-Was born 1157 and died 1199-He was crowned king in 1189-His brother and successor was king John-By the time he was 16 he controlled his own army-He was the hero of the third crusade-However he was not successful in recapturing Jerusalem and parts of

Palestine.-Was also known as Richard the Lion Hearted because he was a brave

warrior.-Signed a treaty with Saladin to stop fighting-He was not a great king but was respected because of his military success-When he died he left all his kingdom to his brother king John

These are are lands!

During the rule of these English monarchs, England was constantly at war with France and other countries. For example the Crusades. The Crusades were a series of holy wars which took place when Christians tried to retake their holy bland and when people attacked the boarders of England. During the Crusades the English lost land to the Muslims and other groups but also gained it. During wars with France for example the 100 years war, the English lost many battles which meant the loss of land and cities. But while they were losing battles, they were also winning battles and capturing French cities. When King John, the brother of Richard the Lion Hearted was king he was known as John Lack Land. This was because he lost many battles to many different countries. The English gained and lost many lands but towards the 1500’s they established their boarders and they have stayed almost the same since then.

Decline of English Kings

The decline of the English monarchs brought many bad things to England. England lost land fought, among themselves, and divided their territory. They were vulnerable to invasion because the army that many kings had built up were falling a part. England lost much land to enemy countries but slowly after the decline of English Monarchs, England regained its power.

Important VocabJuries-12 land owning neighbor that help the court make a decision on a case

Royal Judges-Judges sent by Henry the second to handle affairs around England (Came at least once a year and handled things like taxes and crime)

Battle of Bosworth-The battle between Henry Tudor and Richard III which made Henry king of England.

Justices of Peace-Land owners who were used as officials by Henry Tudor

100 years war-A campaign of wars between France and England

Treaty of Troyes-Treaty between France and England promising Henry V the heir to the throne of France

Magna Carta-The great charter which limited the power of King John

Crusades-Series of Holy wars fought by Christians

Kings Crusade-Also known as the third crusade, it was an attempt to regain Jerusalem and parts of Palestine (lead by Richard the Lion Hearted

Use this as an outline for notes• Outline for the kings of England.• Vocabulary (names, places, and important events) Any other important words• -Henry II created the________ -• -______ kings crusade leader -• -______ was forced to sign the Magna Carta -• -______ started the 100 years war -• -The Great Charter was known as _______ -• • When the Kings were born and when they died• -Henry the second 1133-______ -Henry V 1286-________• -King John ______-1216 -Edward III ________-_________• - Richard I ______-1199 -Henery Tudor _______-________• • Important dates (the starts of wars and when people became kings)• - -• - -• - -• - -• - -• • Names of all the kings and their most important accomplishment• - -• - -• -• -

Legacies King Richard I:• Hero of the third Crusade• Failed on the Kings Crusade, leaving Jerusalem and parts of Palestine in Muslim hands. King Henry V:• Signed the Treaty of Troyes, which gave him full heir to the throne King Henry Tudor:• He started the Tudor dynasty• Encouraged trade and business King Edward III :• Was king of England and king of France• Proclaimed warden of the Kingdom King Henry II:• Created common law and created jury of 12 land owning neighbors King John: • Magna was created and signed by him • Forced the people to pay higher taxes

Current Event Article

• Top secret UK drone Taranis makes first flightBy Jonathan BealeDefence correspondent, BBC NewsTaranis - named after the Celtic god of thunder - is said to be the most advanced aircraft ever built in the UKContinue reading the main storyRelated StoriesUnmanned combat plane is unveiled'Top secret' drone footage revealed WatchUS announces six drone test sitesA top secret unmanned drone, said to be the most advanced aircraft ever built in Britain, has carried out its first successful test flights.It looks like something out of a science fiction movie. But it is also a window into the future of warfare.Some will view it as an amazing piece of engineering. But not everyone will like what they see.Taranis - named after the Celtic god of thunder - was first unveiled BAE Systems in 2010.It was a glitzy ceremony in an aircraft hangar, with moody music and flashing lights. Rather odd given that it is supposed to be a "classified" or top secret programme, partly funded by the Ministry of Defence.But over the past few years there has been no publicity surrounding its development.The release of new imagery breaks the strict "radio silence".Nigel Whitehouse, of BAE Systems, calls Taranis the "pinnacle of British engineering".It is the most advanced drone ever developed in the UK.And it has now successfully test flown at an unnamed location, believed to be in the Australian desert in August last year, the MoD has revealed.Taranis made its first flight in August last yearAway from prying eyes, and other aircraft, it conducted an unspecified number of flights that each lasted up to an hour, at a variety of speeds and altitudes.Beyond that there's little information about the project.Test pilot Bob Fraser said everything went according to plan. But if you ask him how high or fast it flew he is not allowed to give a precise answer.He will only say Taranis flew at least "twice as fast" as any other drone he has operated from the ground.Continue reading the main story“Start QuoteThe demonstrator is the most advanced air system ever conceived, designed and built in the UK”Nigel WhiteheadBAE SystemEventually it is supposed to fly faster than the speed of sound.What we do know is that Taranis is the prototype for Britain's first stealth combat drone.It is low profile and acute angles are not just designed for speed,

Current Event Article

• but also to avoid detection by radar.The goal here is to develop an unmanned plane that that can fly into "contested airspace" and deliver its weapons deep behind enemy lines.The obvious attraction to any politician is that if the technology proves effective such strikes could be carried out without endangering the lives of a pilot or aircrew.BAE's Nigel Whitehead said: "The first flight of Taranis represents a major landmark for UK aviation. The demonstrator is the most advanced air system ever conceived, designed and built in the UK."It truly represents an evolution of everything that has come before it."BAE's Nigel Whitehead says in a "difficult, dirty and dangerous environment it'll be irresistible to future military planners".That is the theory. But there's still a long way to go. So far the programme has cost a modest £185m, shared by industry and the MoD.Taranis was designed and built by BAE Systems, Rolls-Royce, GE Aviation and QinetiQ, with its engineers working alongside MoD military staff and scientistsDeveloping it into a real warplane will be much more expensive.The United States and China are among the few other countries that have similar programmes. Britain is already looking to cooperate with France in a bid to share the costs of developing its Remotely Piloted Air Systems (RPAS).Defence Procurement Minister Philip Dunne says Taranis will provide the building blocks for the future as a "technology demonstrator programme".While the MoD and industry have lifted the curtain on its drone development programme, there are still plenty of questions. As well as the issues of safety there are concerns about the legal and moral case for their use.Taranis was first unveiled BAE Systems in 2010General Stanley McChrystal, the former head of Nato troops in Afghanistan, recently warned of the dangers of viewing drone strikes as the "easy option".He said there was "a perception of arrogance as helpless people are being shot at like thunderbolts from the sky".Perhaps the name Taranis - Celtic god of thunder - is unfortunate in this context.It is also why the RAF and MoD are anxious to stress that there is always a human in control.In fact, drone is a word they avoid.But Taranis can also be flown "autonomously" as in without a pilot.Air Vice Marshall Sue Grey, the director of the RAF's Combat Air, admits the aircraft is capable of flying itself but she stresses there "will always be a man in the loop".For the RAF the term "drone" is a misnomer. But "killer robot" would be even worse.

Current Event ReportThis article is about a new piece of technology from England. This piece of

technology is a drone that is remotely controlled so that when it goes into battle it will not have to be manned by an actual pilot. This is so helpful because it will save human lives. It will do this by not having people flying in planes into battle. Instead they will use these. This is similar to when people during the 1000-1500’s created the cannon. The cannon is just like this drone because it helped people in war not have to risk themselves in battle. With the cannon they did not have to go knock down enemies gates they could just shoot down their walls. Just like this drone the cannon was an amazing piece of technology that helped people even if it was making it easier to hurt other people. The cannon saved lives in the pat and the drone will save lives in the future. Both of these pieces of technology were and are giant stepping stones in the advancement of war technology.

Understanding the current event1. The setting of this event is in current day Britain and the author is Jonathan

Beal.2. The purpose of this information is to inform people about the advancement in

war technology.3. The point of the pictures shown in this article are to help people understand

what the new piece of technology can do and what it looks like.4. There is a biases in this article because the author is suggesting that this drone

will be a good thing for the future and that it is a good piece of technology.5. This drone is meant to help people in battle and be like a robotic spy.6. The main idea of this article is to show how this drone will affect war in the

future and what it will do for the people of the world.This current event falls under the theme of National/international development

because it involves the making of something new to help people around the world.

How this relates to history

This new drone is a great development in technology. The cannon was a great development in technology. This new secret weapon drone relates to what we are learning in class because when the English were fighting in the 100 years war the cannon played a crucial role in them destroying castles and city walls. Just like the cannon this drone will play an important role in the future of war and the development of technology. Just like the cannon, this drone could shape the history of the world through war.

This article gives me a better understanding of what we are learning in social studies because it underlines how important developments in technology such as the cannon can shape the course of history.

Works Cited

1. https://www.royal.gov.uk/HistoryoftheMonarchy/Kings

andQueensofEngland/TheTudors/HenryVII.aspx

2. “World History-Perspectives on the past” pg.262

3. http://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=henry7

4. http://www.constitution.org/eng/magnacar.htm

5. http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_document

s/magna_carta/

6.