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Dr. SuswonoDr. SuswonoMinistry of AgricultureMinistry of Agriculture
GOVERMENT POLICY IN AGRICULTURAL GOVERMENT POLICY IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN RESPONSE TO THE IMPACT OF SECTOR IN RESPONSE TO THE IMPACT OF
CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON FOOD CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON FOOD SOVEREIGNTY AND COMMUNITY WELFARESOVEREIGNTY AND COMMUNITY WELFARE
Presented on International Seminar :Presented on International Seminar :Impact of Climate Change on Food Sovereignty and Community Welfare Impact of Climate Change on Food Sovereignty and Community Welfare
in Semi Arid Regionin Semi Arid RegionUniversity of Nusa Cendana 28-29 September 2012University of Nusa Cendana 28-29 September 2012
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1.Role of Agriculture Sector2.Target of Agriculture Development3.Strategy and Policy of Agricultural
Sector to Cope With the impact of Climate Change
4.Adaptation Program5.Closing Remarks
Outline of Presentation
Provide food for 245 million peopleProvide food for 245 million people
Provide 87% of raw material for industry
Provide 87% of raw material for industry
Contribute 14,72% PDB Contribute 14,72% PDB
Export income US$ 43,37 M Export income US$ 43,37 M
Absorb 33,32% of total laborAbsorb 33,32% of total labor
Source of income for 70% farmerSource of income for 70% farmer
Reduce 8 million ton of GHG (Perpres No.61 tahun 2011)
Reduce 8 million ton of GHG (Perpres No.61 tahun 2011)
I. ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL
SECTOR
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1. Food material could not be substituted.2. High population and population growth. 3. Food vulnerability still exist in many region.4. Environment degradation and climate
change decreases food production capacity.5. Competition between food material for food
and energy.6. National food demand should be supplied
by national production and must not depend on regional and global food trade.
Food Security is an Important Aspect for Indonesian
Development
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1. Food Security self sufficiency for rice, maize, soybean, sugar cane and beef meat
2. Food diversification3. Increasing product quality, added value &
export4. Improved farmer welfare & poverty
alleviation5. Sustainable agricultural resources &
environment
AGRICULTURAL REVITALIZATION:land, seed, infrastructure (incl.
machinery and equipment), human resources, farmer capital, farmer organization, technology and industry
II. TARGET OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
TARGET OF PRODUCTION FOR 5 MAIN AGRICULTURE COMMODITIES
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COMMODITY PRODUCTION 2011
(Million ton)
PRODUCTION TARGET 2014(Million ton)
Paddy 65,76
76,57
Maize 17,64
29,00
Soybean 0,85
2,70
Sugar 2,23
3,1
Beef meat 0,29
0,51
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
No Commodity (x1000 ton) 2011 *) 2012 **)
1 Milled Rice Prodution 36.969 38.564
Demand 33.045 33.035
Self sufficiency Index
111,87 116,74
2 Maize Prodution 17.643 18.945
Demand 15.272 16.097
Self sufficiency Index
115,52 117,69
3 Soybean Prodution 851 780
Demand 2.122 2.246
Self sufficiency Index
40,10 34,71
4 Beef meat Prodution 292,45 399,32
Demand 449,31 484,07
Self sufficiency Index 65,09 82,49
5 Sugar/cabe Prodution 2.230 2.660
Demand 2.790 2.850
Self sufficiency Index
79,93 93,33
Achievement Index for Self Sufficiency of 5 Agricultural Commodity 2011-2012
Note: *) BPS 2012, **)Prediction I 2012 (BPS)Self sufficiency index (%) = Production/demand
Estate crops gives high contribution to surplus trade
TRADE BALANCE
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Threats to Agric.Revitalitation & Food Security
High land conversion rate (1-1,5% /year), Plan to convert 42% of irrigated rice fields to other uses
Levelling off in productivity Degradation of land, water resources &
environment Climate variability and climate change
water stress, pest and diseases explosion
Limited available lands for expansion & fragmentation of the existing agricultural lands
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Degradation of land and water resources and infrastructure (irrigation)- Flood, drought frequently occurs- Salinity problem - Damage of irrigation infrasructure
Production system Food Security- Decrease of cropping and harvesting
areas- Decrease of crops yields and crops
production, quality and efficiency.
Socio-economics Farmers’ welfare
- Closely related to small farmers (food producers) the vulnerable poverty
The Impacts of Climate Variability The Impacts of Climate Variability and Climateand Climate Change Change
Complex linkage between agriculture with climate change
• Source of food and livelihood
• Employed 82 million farmers, many are poor and lack access to resources
• Suffering from climate change
• Contribute to GHG & climate change
• Adaptation action is priority
• Potential contribution on mitigation
III. STRATEGY AND POLICY OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR TO COPE WITH
THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
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STRATEGY
AntisipationStudy and analysis of climate change and its impact on agricultural sector, providing guide line and tools to cope with the impact of climate change
AdaptationMeasures for activity adjustment considering the
phenomena of climate variability and climate change
Involves: Resources, infrastructure, farming systems, production technology, socio-economics, etc
MitigationTo avoid and reduce the rate of climate change
through reducing emission and increasing absorption of GHG from agricultural activities
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Adaptation is more pertinent to developing countries it is less supported by international donors compared to mitigation
Policy and adaptation programs are often directed by the donors with limited consideration of the victim aspirations
Adaptation programs have been intensively discussed but less synergy in the application mainly due to the lack of resources.
A strong and clear national and regional workable policy is imperative
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1. Increase crops area through utilization of sub optimal land, increasing cropping index on irrigated land and other potential land.
2. Mobilise field extension worker and other skilled worker for observation of crops pest and disease and crop protection brigade
3. Improve effectiveness of the extension and information dissemination system
4. Strengthen farmer organization and the quality of human resources working on agriculture to anticipate and adapt the global climate change.
5. Construction and rehabilitation agricultural infrastructure to increase capability on land and water management.
Policy of Agricultural Sector on Climate Change
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6. Provide agricultural machinery and tool to increase crop productivity and production and product quality and reduce losses.
7. Strengthen capability of farmer and private sector to manage post harvest and processing to increase product quality and product life time
8. Increase the capability of national R&D to produce seed and technology to cope with the impact of climate change
9. Develop agricultural climate insurance 10.Strengthen government and people food stock11.Speed up food diversification based on local
resources.
Continued…
IV. ADAPTATION PROGRAM TO COPE WITH THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE
CHANGE
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1. Development of climate information network Working Group, Early Warning System, Climate Field School,
2. Application of various tools & guide line Blue Print for flood and drought
anticipation (2007) Ministry decree NO.47/2006 (General guide
line for agriculture production in high altitude areas
Cropping Calendar Atlas for Indonesia
3. Reformulation of land use for agriculture and forest (LULUCF)
4. Development of infrastructure for agricultural/ irrigation
Adaptation Program
5. Adjusting cropping calendar and cropping pattern based on climate data and prediction
6. Identification & formulation of adaptive technology (Adaptive-HYV, land & water management)
7. Organization : R&D Consortium program and WG for Climate Variability and Climate Change
8. Implementation of regulation & spatial planning for agricultural land area Agricultural area expansion mainly in abandoned, un-utilized and sub-optimal land
Adaptation Program (continue)
9. Diversification :– Development of tropical soybean and supporting
industry (e.g : Feed industry)– Development of tropical wheat
10. Integration and diversification of crops and livestock – Dry land: Cattle + oil palm on upper-lands– Irrigated fields: rice CI 300 (super early new
prime variety + cattle) rice CI 200 ICM & SRI– Rain-fed fields: rice CI 200-250 , crops & cattle,
ICM & SRI– Tidal Swamps: rice CI 200 + Horticulture +
livestock ICM
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Adaptation Program (continue)
Closing Remark
Food crisis due to global climate change has caused global food resilience becames vulnerable. Therefore every country including Indonesia should strengthen threir food resilience.
An effort to anticipate global food crisis is to increase national food production. Indonesia has targeted to gain surplus of 10 million tons of rice in 2014.
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