SECTION - II

A REVIEW ,

131

Organic Reagents tor the Spectrornotometric determination ot

Cobalt:

HallY reagents have been used for the spectrophotooetric

determination ot cobalt. Initially the reagents used were

inorganic substances such as llILt-CNS, KCLS, £:~S, i;aIICO~ I K31e (CN)J etc. However the use of ol'genic reagents is increasing and

numerous reagents have been proposed for the spectrophotoceti[c

determinntion of cobalt.

In the present section I have given a brief suomary of

organic r.eagent0 reported for the spectrophotometric determination

of cobalt. lhe !-:alient features for eachreaeent namely

(1) oedium (2) pH (3) A (Emax) (4) sensit1v1ty (concn.range) (5) interference (tolerance) (6) Remarks (7) P£ferences are

Given in tabular foro to save space. The names of reaGents

have been arraneed alphabat1cally.

lhe data 'Were collected by refe1;tin[; to index volumes of '-

c Chemical AbstrQ.ts and Analytical Abstra..ct.s and ref~ing to the ,.

abstrects concerned with the pertinent data.

lhe naoes of the authors are given for each references

however tt;;ccitle of the reference ard Lbo journal have been otJitted

so as to oinimis9 the space. IIhe relevant t'Sbetdcal Abstract/

Analytical AbstrClct 1s given.

SOlJa organic reagents such as n1troso-R-salt, ,':'( -n1troso- f3 -naphthol, (3 -ni troso- 0

132

of cobalt in various materials and so often abstracts of such

articUs do not contain the details for too use of reagents

'Which have been mentioned above, therefore such references are

not included in the table but a brief list of the applications

of these reagent~ reported is given belOl'1.

Reagents

Ultroso-H-sa1t

App11cation in

1. Berrl1ium compounds

2. Cement

3. Cerium

4. Chromium

r;. Ferrochrorn1um

6. Fused products

7. Iron mineral 8. Iron and steel

9. Ilolasses and spentwash

10. Dust 'Waste

11. l1u1tr component electrolytic bath

12. 1-lagnetic films

13. ores, tailing and concentrates

14. Pyrites and Cinders

15. Rare earth metals and their compounds

16. Nickel

17. Polyester varnish

18. Rhenium and its compds.

19. S011s

References

1

2

3

4-

5 6

7

8-17

18

19

20

21

22

23

2q.

25-30

31

32

33-34

20. 1'itanorlagnetite containing vanadium

21. Uranium

22. Water, Kaste \.;ater and Sea "Jater

23. \-,'hlsky

:.k" 1-nltroso-2-napbthol

1. Bismuth

2. SlIver alloys

3. Hieh purity tin

4. Iron and Copper ore

,. Seawater

6. 'Iellurlt.{)'6"J

7. Uranium

2 N1troso-1-naphthol

1. Iron and steel

2. Ferrous alloys

3. l\"ickel and its alloys

4. Fertilizer

5'. SeaVlater

6. Soil and rock

7. Sodium salt

8. Tantalum and plutonlum

9. Alkali sol ut ion

10. Boric oxide, sodium borate

35

36-37

38-41

42-43

1

2-

3

4 , 6

7

1-4

5 6-7

8

133

9

10-11-12

13

14 1, 16-i7

Table 8uM~ary of orgnn1c rear;ents re.90rted for speccrophotosctric determination of cobalt

Hedium pI:l ~ (Emax)

1 2 3

Acenaphthcnequinonemonoxime

Extn.into cnCl3 1\

8.0-9.5 8.5-9.,

400

370-390 (1)00'- 3000)

Sensitivity (Concentration ranee) it

0.005 ;Ug/cr:P (6.18 ppra) (0.5-5.0 (.ug/ml)

AcenaPbthequinonemonosemicarbazone 2 Ethanolic 8.4- 410 0.012 -og/cm

9.4 (4800) (10.57 ppm)

N-(2-acetamido )im1nodiacctic acid

9.5-11.0 5'30 (98.50+ .,ug/ml)

3 -(o-acetophenyl) -1-methyltriazene-lJ-oxide

Extn.with 6.8- 460 0.0034 ~g/cm2 CP C1

3 10.0 (17,000) (0.25-4.5' ppm)

Interference ('i olerance)

5

Remartts

6

Cu(II),Li(II) can be eliminated by previous Extn. with CEC13 or Cd16

(S04" , C1 ' , eI; t ,1:°3 t, -1 f ,AS~u ,00

3', Ca(II)

8r ( I I ) , Rb (I ) , Eg (I I )

cr(III),VQ,) (II) Co

DO,., (II), Co (IV) , c;.

1·:o(VI ),Cu(II),

IAI(III) ,EIJiAJ

Fe (I I I ) , Pb (11 )

Dusked 'Hi th lillt .. F, !IF and ar:.rn.acctate

Reference

7

11.1

A2

A3

A4

AS'

.... c..:

"""

Medium pH (E max)

1 2 3

Acetothioacetanllide

EXtn.w1 th CHC~

8. '+-11. 9 62, a q -Nl3

Acetylacetone

6.0 34-9 (25'00) 5'90-620 ( 125')

Bis(acetylacetone)ethylenediamine

sensitiv1ty (concentrat1on range)

4-

(20-290 Alg/ml)

InterferEnce ( Tol eranc e)

5'

'Pemarlt llefe"'ence

6 7

Fe masked with A6 sulfosalicylic acid

Interference from A7 It'e(II) ,Cr(III),Hn(II) Cu(Il) is eliminated by Extn. pr10r to o.xidn. of Co(Il) Co(111) •

10-11.0 345 (30-7&l .ug/25 m1.) Amm.l .. cetate

Fe(lll),Cu(ll) Appl1ea to alloy A8

buffer (35'00)

Acid alizarin black SN aq.media

Fo,..mam1de + -30 % ~02 Acid ch~ome blue black

600 (37,000)

623 (54,500)

Ace-i:tc ac 1d - 540 (NaN°2 )

Ni(II) at high concn. analysis. Error

(0.025-0.6 ..ug/ml)

( 1-9.0 Alg) Fe(ll:O),C u(Il) fMn(Il) ,Cr.,{lll),

Al(lll)J

was 0.6-5.1

A9

A9

A10 .... c,.,

" ....

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4- 5 6 7

Acid monoch~ome green S'

1.6 M NaCl 9.5-11.0 625 (0.02-~g1m1) EOTA and Ni(Il) Ap.Pl1cabl.e for the A 11 Extn.wi th borate (32000) Co detn. in Ga butylalcohol buffer metal

Alizarin ned-S' 0,," Na-Alizarin-3-s ulfonate

7. O±Q. 1 600 (0-10.6 ppm~ A12 (6000) 0.009 Alg/cm

Amide of .El?1!

11·5 4-12 ( 1-10 ,ug/ml) Mn(II) ,Cd (II), Pb(II), the method was used A1g 10·5-12.0 525 N1(II),Fe(III),Cu(II) to det.cyanocobalmin

(216) ( 15 -2~0 ,ug/ml)

(vi tam1n B -12) Co(llI) detn. A13A

Amide of m:fA

11·5 4-18 (1-10 ,Ug/ml) l-1n(II) ,Cd(II) ,Pb(II) the method was used A14 Ni(l!) ,Fe (III) ,Cu(II) to detn.cyanocobalmin

10.5-12.0 530 (vi tamin B-12)

(225) (15-220 Alg/ml) Co(lll) detn. A1ltA

Amino benzene Ar.t

5·6-7.4- 580-582 0.36 )lg th e method was A15' (18,600) app11ed for Co detn

in' steel and Alumino-Silicate rock

N,N'-bis(o-aminoben;ylidine}ethylenedlam1pe

8.0 4-20 C u(ll) ,Nl(n) ,It'e(III) A1t (16000) (0.2.4- ppm) Al(IlI)

Aqueous 5·0-5. 5' It-30 ... A 17 c,: media (0.0.6 ~/ml) 0)

Table 1

(Contd .• ) 2 3 l.t , 6

6-amino-2-benzylthio-2-n1t~oso-4-oxo-3,4-d1hyd~BY~imid1ne

Extn. with CHC~

2-6 acetate buffel'

l.t10 (61200)

(1-9 )Ug/10 ml) LCr(In),Fe(II),Mn(l,l), -Ni(II) ,~( L 50 ,.ug)J

6-am1no-2-dimethylam1no-l.t-hydroxy-?-nit~osopyrim1d1ne

,.,-6.8 39, 0.934- ng/cm2 (63000) (0-1.4 .ug/ml)

Ni(II),C u(II) inter fered but masked wi tb KCN

,-(8-amino-1-hydroxy-3,6-disulpho-2-naphthylazo)-1,2-4-tr1azole-3-ca rboxylic acid

620 (0.2-1 ,ug/ml)

6-am1no-4-hyd~oxY-2-me't'capto-,-nitrosopyrim1d1ne

7

A1.~

A19

A21J

8-9.8 400 amroonical buffer

Jle(III),Cr(III),U02 (II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) A 2:1 eN' can be p~vented by using (0~01 M) EDTA

1-(2 '-amino-3 f-hyd'l"'oxypy,..idyl-4'-azo)-benzene-4-sul.fon1c aciq 2 8.0-9.7 540 0.0017 ..ug/cm

(34000) (0-1.90 pPm)

4-(2-am1no-3-hydroxy-4-pY'l"'idylazo)benzene sulfonic acid

8.0-9.7 ,40 1.7 Jug/cm2 (34,000) (0.16-1., ppm) L-CU(II)_7

A22.

Co can be deted. A2g in the prQ. of othel' metals wllich fo~m unstable complexes or eas1ly masked ...

w ~

Table 1

(Contd) 2 3 4-

2-amino-5-nltroso-4-,6-pyrlmld1nedlo1 3. ,-6.4- 360 0.0088

(78, ,00) ( L 1.4 ppm) -4-amino-5-nltroso 2,6-pY~lmldlnedlo1

3.7-8.0 35, (6,,00.0)

( ~1.' ppn) 6-am1no-5-n1t~so-2,4-py~1mld1ned101

,.0 acetate bufte~

680 (14,600)

( f 1.8 ppn)

,

EDTA and Pd(II)

N02 ', EDTA,003 ' C u(II) ,Fe (III) ,N1{II)

2-am1no-5-n1t~so-1,4",6 tet~hydropYr1m1d1ne-4,6-d1one(ANP)

aqueous > 4.8-6.0 37, (,3,000)

(0-2 ug/ml) 2 Cu(II) ,Fe(III) 1.11xl0-3 ug/cm

6

Cu(II) and Fe(III) masked w1 th 6 M HCI

6-amino-5-nltroso-l-methYl-2-th1oxoderlvs. of 1,2,3,4-tetrahyd~pYr1m1d1ne-4-one

(47,200)

6-am1no-5-n1tTOso-l-pbenyl-2-thloxoderivs of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropYrimld1ne-4-one

(4-4-, SoO)

7

A2l-/

A2'S

A26

A27

AZ'd

A29

... c,.: (I)

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3

2-aminopy~azole-4-ca~boXf11c acid

4

alkaline ,,0-,60 (4-20 y Iml) (NaOH) (2346)

aq.tm.3 ,30-,40

o(-aminopyridylazo-m-amlnophenol

6·5 NH40AC buffer

54-0 ( ('3000_55900~-35 ,ug/,25 all)

2-Am1no-3-guinoxalinethiol

5'

P04 " , ,C N ' ,c it ra t e, tartrate

~Al(II),Zn(II),Pb(II),

C1 ',NO) ',OAe f ,C20lf.IIJ

Ni (II) ,Fe (Ill), Zn (11) ,Cu(II) ,Bi{Ill), Nb

L-C d(II) ,MIl (II ), Y,HO (V!.) C r(II) ,Ca, Ba,S r(II >_/

428 (37800)

(0.05-1., ,.ug/m1) Fe(III),Cu(II),Pd(II) slighUy

3-Aminoguinoxaline-2-thiol

,0% nfF 9.6 ~-NH4C1 buffer

428

CB 0 9iBCO)

Ammonium PYT1z,f;4tne-l-caT'bodi thioate (Arro)

Extn.1nto molten naphthalene n 4.,

402 (0.5-7., ppm)

370-379 (4.68,.ug/10 ml)

Fe(Ill) ,Cu(II), Pd(II)

AI (I II) ,Zn (II) ,Pb(II) Fe(III) ,Ni(II)

6

Inter£ereing elements were elimimated by using masking agents. ~e method was appli-cable for Co' detn. in glauconite

7

A30

A31

A32

A33

A3tt

A3'-.... c..; (0

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4-

Ammon1umtet~amethYlened1th1ocarbamate

Extn.wlth CRC13

4-5 324- (0.5-2., ppm)

4--anil1no_l-phenyl-l,2,lt--tr1azo11umchlo~1de

EXtn.l,2- ~ 4.0 626 dichlo~o satd.

( 1..6.0 ,.ug/ml)

ethane NaEC03 ~

Ant~aguinone-2-sulfonic acid /'

Extn.with CHC1:3 and

5.0 acetate burter

,73 (3.0 ppb) (aq.layer)

bacf(. extn. '111 th Eel

ADt1py~in + NH~CNS EXtn.by 1.8-2.2 ethyl acetate + benzene

An:t1pyrln + NH4CNS

EXtn.by 3-4.0 CHC~

Ant1pyr1neazoderivs

630 (1-100 ppm)

62,

(0.2~4.0)

,

Cu(II) ( >0.1 mJ4) Fe(TII) ( ;>'.e{ M) N0

3 t (> mM)

L-Mn(II) ,Ni(II) (at ml-1)J

Fe(III),Cu(II) Bi(III)

()

the method is applicable foT' Co detn. 1n Cr-Ni alloy

L-Zn(II),C dell) ,MIl(II), T1(lV), Pb(l), n(l) ,Al(lIl), W(Vl) ,1-10 (VI), tartrate, oxalate, citrate etc.

7

A36

A37

A 3'6

A9:J

Alf.O

A4-1

.... ~ o

Table

1

-----

(Contd. ) 2 3 If. 5

2- (4-ant1p;y!Yla zo)-8-hyd T'Oxyguinoline

3. ,-5'.3 490 (10-100 ,og/25' ml.) Czn(I1),Cd(1I),Mn(1I), (20,000) AJ.(I II), B1(Ill) ,oxalate,

c1trate,tartrQte~

Ant1pyT'1ne-4-azo-5-(6-amlno-N methylana bas1ne)

6

th e reagent has been used tor Co deth.in steel. and s111cate rock.

1·5'-3.0 6,0 ~~(Il),Nl(II),Al(Ill), Fe(llI) can be .Ph(II) ,Ol. "N03 t ,F'J masked w1 th NaF

3-APt1pYrYlazo-2,4--pentaned1one (Azono1. A.l

Ars enazody eS

4-7.0 610 Be1.04 or

BaQH

12.5'-13.5' 530 620 (25,000)

Pd(I1) ,Cu(I1) ,se, Zn(lI),Fe(II),V(V), C20 4", eN t

L-Fe(II) ,e r(I11) ,_and other elementsJ

15' an1ons,oxa late, ON • (20-30 to1.d) CGl~.s e law res ul ts

?

A4'l

A43'

A44

A 4-,.-

A zo-a ZOXyBH

Extn.wlth > 9.0 CC:q..

600-65'0 ( 1.6 jUg/ml.) N1(II),Fe(III),T1(III), Ag(I),Sn(II),Pb(II) A46 DHG,CN' «:\.Iv\SQ serlous Mn(I1),Cd(I1), 1nterteT'ence (equal. t014 Amts.) (Cltre.te,804 ",sulto- reduce 10 to 15 % sal.1cyl.ate,oxa l a te, extinction P04 n .,82°3 n )

.... ..... ~

Medium pH S ensi ti vi ty Interfermce Remarlt Reference

(E max) (Coneen tra tion ( Tol erane e) range)

1 2 3 1t-, 6 7

;a en zami doxi me Alkaline 13., ,7, ( 21+ ppm ) 21+ ppm B1

(tJ N NaQH) Mg(I I) ,Fe(III) ,MIl (II) , CN ' , SCN t , EDTA

Henzamideoxime

Ethanol 13., ,7,-,80 Cr(Ill),Mo(VI), V(V), Sensl tiv1 ty can be B'2.

(,0 %) + (1+000) CN ',SCN ',EDTA improved by extn. , N KOH 'W i tb butanol or polar solvErlt

B enz'.1dine If-,O (0'0.0{- o·s-mPj ) At pH ~.8 to 7.0 B3 transm1tarx:e was

found to be minimum and const.

e< -Henzilmonoxime

Acetone 380 aft Extn.with 386 _ AJ.(Ill),Fe(IIl),Cu(II) -COl4- L Mn(Inl,ca(II) ,Mg(II),

Ni(Illi

EXtn.1nto 9.0-9.3 390 ( 30 "ug/10 m1 C r(III) ,Be (II) , At 1: 13 ratio as. CHC~ (22,00) Co(II) Cu(Il), Ni(lI) Cu(II) interferes

"~

8.7, 380 Al(Ill) ,Fe(III) ,Ni(lI) (N~ -NHlf-Cl. LAl.(lIl) ,Fe(lll) ,Ni(II1, ... buffer) Mn(Il) ,Ca(II) ,Mg(lI)J ~

C~

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3

Benzil 2-py~idYlhyd~zone

60 % (v/v) 7.5 535 aq. ethanol

60% EtcH 7., ~1400) 5-amino benz imidazolyla zo resorcinol

6.0 420

4

(6.1-61 .qg)

(6.1X10-5 61X10-6M)

(0.6-3.5 ppm)

$=aminobenz1midazolyl azq-8-hydroxYSuinoline

7.0 440

2-benzoth1azolylhydrazone

dioxane 8.0 - 462 (,7990)

2-(2-benzoth1a zolylazo)-1-naphthol

isoalll1l alcohol

Extninto '> 6 HC~

412

620

(0.lt-2.4 ppm)

(0.1-,.2 ppm)

1Q-(2-benzothiazolyalzo)-9-phenanth~ol

5

C1 t,..e.te Tart,..a.te, C r(III), Mo(VI) ,U02 {II)

'LFe(IlI h,Ni (I I) ,Cu (II), Zn(II)../

6

Al{III),Hg{II),Cd(II), applied to steel. Pb{ll), c1 trate and and Cu-Ni-Zn tartrate all.oy

Zn{II),Pd(Il)

Aq.medium 6.2-7.2 560 (15.0-,ug/25 ml) -+- :~ t .... i ton (50, 000)

N1 (II) ,Cu(lI) ,Zn(II), Pd(Il), Cd{ll)

Method can be applied to detn. of Co 1n metallic Fe x-100

7

B~

B1. .' .

B~

B9

B.10

B1t_

B12.

Bl~

... ~

"'l

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3 ....

2-benzothiazolYlfhenylketoxime + T?J/l--on 'X -100 9.0 3,8 (0.1-10.6, ppm) NH .... Cl- (21'180)

(NH .... OH a q .NH

3 buffer

2-benzothiazolYlphenYlketcnethiosem1ca~bazone

,~ aq. 8.0 466 -ethanol NH .... OH- ( 11930) (0 • IS- - /5". tr y I cc )

NH .... Cl buffer

1-~enzoIl-l+-~enIlthiosemicarbazide

alcoholic 8.,-10 If.oo (1.3- :7Oppm) + 1 N NaOH (12, ,00)

2-benzoylRYr1d1ne-2-~r1dylhydrazone

extraction 3.8-12.6 .... '18 acetylac~tone And chlol"O-

(10,000)

form

Benzoyltr1fluoroacetone

5 6

Pd(II) ,Ag(1) selective detn. of Cu,Co and Ni in mixts. is poSsible

Rg (I ) ,Pd(1 I) ,Pb(1 I) Fe(III)

Llarge amounts ot U1(II) masked with Fe(l IljC u (II), tartarate Pd(ll)

isoamyl V'\ 6 390 alcohol

(0.1 mM + 0.8 mM) ~~(lII),Cu(lI),Ni(ll)_L Cd(11),211(II),Ag(1)J

'1

B1~

B15

B1b

B11

B11S'

.... """ ~

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3 t5Q."I1 "20,1 fo /'f 1 '2..£.o·({ 0 C1'al~o'1/ e + t~1-n-octylphosph1ne oxide

4

Cyclohe-zane

,. ,-6.0 CH3COOH

3 eo or 390 ( > 1-20 ppm) (3700)

Py~1d1ne + Hexane 3" (2300) 2-benzylaminopyr1dinethiocyana te

EXtn. 0-1.2 620 into CHC~ ( 1800)

3-benzYIpy~1d1ne + thiocyanate

1-8 N Hel 62, with CHC1

3 (2000)

4- benzylpyrld1ne + thiocyanate Ex tn.wi th 620 C Hel3 ( 1600)

N-benzylbenzlmldazole 2-aldoxime

Extn. CHC~

9.2-12.2 343 (23,000)

( £'1+. 0 ppm)

, Cu(II) ,N1(ll ),Mn( U), Fe(I ll), EDTA, c1tr1c acid

6 7

B19· ..

Pb(II),Sr(II),Cr(III), -Bi(III)

B'ZO~ .....

LHn (II) ,e ,..(111), zn (II) ,Cd(II) ,A(I II), N1(II), ~" , N03 " Cl', F'J'

..,J..e ?r6)etAol /s sui table tor steelCf'l'lo.l. Bt:l 1t Fe(Ill) can be reduced to Fe(II)

In terf'e!"enc e 1"rom B2.2. Fe(III),Cu(II),V(V) can be eliminated by l"edn. w 1 th SnC12 or N~S203

B13

B2~

.... ~ c. ...

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3

Benz1m1dazole-2-carboxan1l1deox1me

6.5-11 32, ( 17,000)

It- 5

Ll!n (I I) , C 1"( Ill) , zn (II ) , C d(II) ,AI(III) , Ili..,(Il ) OOl.f.",N03 ',CI I,F'_1 .Benzyldimethyl octadecyl ammonium per-chlorate + s:lN-

D1chloro 2.0 320 (2 mM-50 M) ethane (Hel) (13,100)

Ben zyl 2- PI,..1 dylk eton e 2- py,..1 drIh y dra zoo e

Ethanol 4.0 acetate

480

B1acetylmono(2-Pf"'idYI)hyd~zone

Aq.EtOH 6.0 ,05 nM (23,000)

B1acetylmonoxime semica,..bazona

8.6 H3 BD3

-HaOH

330

Biac etylmonox1me-2;>Yl"idrlhyd razone

20 % DMF 5-6 l.f.30 (3700)

Biacetylthiosemical"baZQne oxime Ammonical or acetic acid

(1-8.0 ppm)

(1-7.0 ppn)

6

error 2.4 "

Method was applied to the datn. o:f CO in ~lloys,catalys1s

7

B25

B2G

B27

B28'

1329

B~O J.

:a31

.... ~ 0)

Table (Contd. ) 1 2 3 1+

B 1 an th,..a zoe h'l"O m e '8.0-9. , 66,

(8,800) 1.2 ug/ml ( !:: 29., Alg/2, ml)

~1clclohexanone oxallld1hld~~one

9., 292 aq.NH3 - (6,,00) NH1+C1

2! 2 f-bl:Ql:riQIl

Na2 {S201+) 9.8-10.8 330 + Na2C03 'J

(87,0) 4-00 - lf~o ( 11+,7,0) 0.2-3 ,ug/m1

BipyrldylglYoxal dithlosem1car~zone

5'.2 It-10 (905'0 )

»1 thiourea an d its denv.

Blu"'et NeOR

8-10 400

330

(1-7 ppm)

( 1.1+2-8. 5'6 Alg) (2 .1lt--7 .17 .,ug)

(0.5'-5'0 ppm)

3-b,..omo-2-hld,..oXY-'-methyl acetophenoneoxlme Extn.w1th ~ 7.5' It-Oo CHC~

, 6 7 ]3.32-

B33

B3~

other meta1 ions

relative error B35 + 0."

B39

Zn{II),Ca {II),TI{IV), PrevIous Extn.wIth ESi Al(III),Cr(III),Pb(II),ethyl ether and Ug(II),Cd{II),Mn(III), oxIdation was ,..equi,.ed Hg(II),Bl{Ill), tartarate

B37f .... ~

~

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4

4-( 5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-1.3 diaminobenzene

Extn.CHC13 and HC1(2.4 10{)

acidic soln.

,73 ( 1, 16000)

2-

(Contd. ) Table 1 2 3

CG.lc1chrome

aU~a11ne VI 9.9

1..A12.0

5'80 (1'),000)

)9, (32,OOO)

4-

0.0039 Y/cm2

0.0018 'i Icu/

I) 6

Ca(II),11;;(II), sr -(I I) ,1.1 (I I ) , l:n ( II ) , Cu(II),Al(lll),Fe (III) ,'1'1 (IV), V(V) and Pelt'"

2-carboxy-2 '-hydroxy-3 '-5 '-dlmethylazobenzene-4--sulfonic acid (CHDIJ.AS) 7.5 630

(~41 00)

2 o. 053 ..u~/cm (0.58-2.35 ppm)

111 (II) , Zn (II) , C2~n, tartrate, ci trate, hDTA

Dl-lJa-3-(4-carboey-3-hydroxY-lilenylazo)chromotropate

11·5- 533 13.5 borate buffer

(3.88-29.1 ng/ml)

K-bis {carboxylmethyl)dltblocarbaoate

245-315

(,:(0,000 - 331°00)

(0.01-0.1 mg/50 ml)

2-2 '-bis (carbo!ylme "thylmerCal)to )ethylether

490 (2-10-17.10 nH)

2-carbo;y-2'-methoxy-5'-sulfoformazylbenzene

8.7-9.? 680 (7600)

Fe (Il),Fe(IlI),OS (VIII), i i (IV), 1:100 fold excess

1-1In(II), h (VI), -Cr(Ill) ,T1 (111) Al(llI)J

BCfcct of K1{n), Fe{Ill) minimised by nCl

7

C1

C2

C3

c4

C5

C6

~

..... CD

Table (Conto. ) 1 2 3 1+

2-carboxy-1-gyrrolidinecarbodith101C acid (CPCD)

acetate 324 (2x10-6 -buffer (2,,600) 8x10-6 mol/dm3)

Carboxytriazolylazo-m-(d1ethylamino)phenol (T1u)~\P)

1+0% trisodium citrate

12.1

535 (70,000)

610 (25,800)

(1-10 )lg/2, ml)

5-chloro-6-iodo-8-quinolinol (chinoform)

Extn.with CFC~

9.1-9.3 1+30 ~Bo3 - .. (9350) KCl buffer

Extn.wlth 8.0-8.4 428 oolten (14,000) naphtha-lene Chlorindazon DS

10.0 415 amconi- (17,750) cal 61+0 buffer (25,500)

(0-5.0 ppm)

(0.3-4.3 JUg/crd3)

5

l!i(II),Fe( II), Co (I I) '\'1 as e 11 r.a1-nated by acidi-fication llith 1:1 HCI

Al(III),As(III), Ba(II), Ca(II ) ,Cd (II)t cr(III),Fe (III;, tIg(II), lIn (II ), (l10) (VI) ,

6

the method ~as used to det. Co in pyri t es rocks, ore s, s01l and other geological mqter1a1s

1U (I I) , T i (I ) ,zn (II) , Zr(IV) ,etc.

7

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12 ... (,,'1 o

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4 5

aqueous 512 (0. 1 M Co ion) 6.5 638 (00.00181 /Ur;/cm2 err' ser10usly

(32, ,00) (L ,.0 ppm)

Chloroanilldes of thlog1yco11c ac1d

Extn.vl1th organ1c solvents

6.2-9.0 486-495 (10,800)

(0.1-, ppm)

1-(5 t -chloro-2 ',3 '-dihyclraxypyr1dyl-4'-azo)benzene-4-sulfoni c acid

9.0- 550 10.3 aq. NaOH

Chloroethylthlozlycolate

6-10.0 490-500 (11,000)

(10-60 ..ug/2, ml) V(V) ,1:0 (VI), Hi(I I)

4-Chlorophenolazo-rn-phenylenediamine

alkaline medium

,,0 (20,300)

(0.1-1.6Alg/ml)

Chlorophosphanazo III + ZeE9iramine

Extn.1nto 9-10., 695 CHC13 2-chloropyridylazoaminoPEenol

7.0 580 buffer (10,600)

2 0.00179.ug/cm -(0-11.8 Alg/1 0 crr2)

/-Pb(II),Al(III),Fe - (III),Nn(11),l'1

(IV) , Zr (IV) , Cr (III), Zn (11), V (V), 1j1(11)-./

6

the method ''Jas used to det. Co in steel

the method was used to det. C;Q in minerals

the uethod 1s used .for C\';I detn. in steel samples

7

C13

C14

c15

C16

C17

c18

C19

C20

~ to, ~

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4 , 6 7

5_chloro-2-th1ophenea~dehyde-2'-bcnzoth1azolylazohydrazone (CTBH) 2

:rxtn.1nto 7.2-9.1 423 0.0079.ug/em f~(III),Fe(IIl) C21 C

6H6 aq. (74,000) (0-8)]e/10 rol)

borate buffer

Chromeazurol S:

1~ aq. pyridine soln.

9.7 ,67 (19,600)

10-11.1 '567

>8.1 L6.4

(33,000) *595 *500

10., ,40 pyridine

(U1)IJn40H

buffer

Pyridine 10.0 620 H20

(0.08-2.4 ppm)

2 0.0018 Alg/cm (0.L8-2 ppm)

2 0.0021 Alg/em

Co· '1 - u(. 0 P pn') )

sOt.." , POt.-" , , tartrate, C204" , ED1A, H20a, NHly. (1), Al(III),Fe(III), Cr (III) , 3n (IV ) , Zr(IV)

mas It eo. by tartrate, ~g(l)tCu(II),Eg(II), ti(lI} ,V(V),Zn(lI), e11~ated by back extn. ~;'ith 1 H H2S04 the method is used for Co detn. in 11n nodules

C22

C23 * reagent in prer.ence

of excess eobalt

Y(lll),Th(IV),Cu(III) C24 N 1 ( I I ) , ::B'e ( II I ) , 131 (I I I ) , Cr(III), Zr(IV)

std.deviat10n ~as ±. 2.68 %

C25 ..... Co#'1 ('~

7able 1

(Contd. )

2 3

Chromeazurol S + ze~rcom1n~

aq. p,'a1 ~ i"Y1 e

10.6- 654 11.5 (109,OOO) borate buffer

4

(O.02-o.31 YCo/rol)

2,7-bisazosubstituted derive of chronotropic ac1d

propanol 590 and 642 (75,000)

(60,000-·1'Q 000)

I

Chrornotropic acid diaxime

am~~'lonical

Chromotrope 2 B

> 8.3

560 (17,400)

6190 Ae

or 5'-61 (filter)

(0.254-2.79 l..lg/ml)

(1.17-9.4 )lg/ml)

5 6

Zn (II) ,Ln(II), Zr -~IV) ,H~(~I), eu (~I), ie{III),11(II),Cr (II I), ~ 1 (IV) , U (V ), bo(II). I-rare earths, alk.cartns,Sb(IlI), and L1(111) maslted \>lith ~"J

10 fold Ng{Il), Cr(lll) ,lln (II), Ei{III),Ca(II), 8r{II) ,Cd (II) ,Pb CiI); 25 fold Zrl(II),Fe(II); 50 fold He (II)

f;2.5 fold 1:1 (II) and Cu(II), eliminated by Kcn (0.002 11)

7

C26

C27

C28

C29

C30

~ c.n. ~)

'l'able (Contd. )

1 2 3

Chro[;lotrope 2R

8.5 550 Complexon III

Cupral

Extn.vlith ethyl acetate

2.60- 490 3.10 (15'.21)

4.82- 465 10.32 (13.30)

425

4 5

(O.05~.25 mg/ml) -

Cuprethol or (Eis-(2-h~dro!yethyl)dithiocarbamic acid

Acetate 325 buffer

2-(1-cyanotetrazolato)pentamineperchlorate

40 % DHSO + HCl(8.2H)

693 (626)

(60 "ug/ml)

0.091 p.g/cm2

1,3-cyclohexanedione bisthiosemicarbazonemonohydrochlorlde

DI1F+NaOH 5.3 600 acetic (1..( 000) acid + J acetate buffer

(0.5-5 ppm)

6

Detn. of Co in 1:1 and Ni salts

7

C31

C32

-;)

C33

C34

C35

036

.... en ~

Table

1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4

1,2-clclohexanedionedith1osemicarbazon~

2-3~5 450-600 ( 1900-6400 )

,., Un 450-500 acetate buffer

1 ,2,3 -cyclohcxanetr:i.onetrioxi~

3.4 375-5'15"

3., 400 FCl or lTaCH

(2.2-5.5 ppm)

(2.2-8.7 ppm)

(1-4.0 ppm)

(0.51-1.20 ppm)

5'

lr1{II),Cu(II), Pe(II)

6

Detn. of Co in Beer recover1es of Co added to beer 'Was found to 99 to 101 % by this method

7

C37

C38

C39

.... U1 e.ra

'.['able (Contd. ) 1 2 3

Dnlzln

6.7-11 390

place tylmonoxl me

Extn.\1I1th ccltr

8.75' 386 rm4C1 IW-40H buffer

Dlacetylthiosemlcarbazoneoxime

4.95' 325' acetate buffer 10 % 35'0 lnl3

J,2-DiaminoanthraQu1none

690

4

2 0.025' pprUom (1-10 ppm)

(1-7 ppm)

(1-2.' ppm)

1,2-DiaminoanthraQulnone-3-sulfon1c acid

,80 (0.95-3.80 ppm)

5' 6 7

Li(III),Bg(11), Cu(11 ),Ag(l), D1 Pd(lI),al'ways in- masked \-J1th thiourea tcrfere l:1(II)twith KC!:!, ( 1 00 ppo OAC', l·lo0lt "Fe (II I) with KaF H04n ,Pelt-It t, tartrate)

Al(III) ,Fe (111) l:i{II)

ilm(n), Ca(II).z,. -Ng(II), Na(I)J

1:1 (II)

error ranged \vas 0.40-1 %

aq.error 0.38 5b

D2

D3

D4

D5

.... U'I' 0-,

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3

2z6-Diamino-3l2'-azo~·rid1n~

acidic

alka1ine

2.05

9.25

,70 '" 610

585 (';(IS',o(OO)

4

1,2-diaminocxclohexanetetraacetic acid

5'42 (2-125' IUg/ml)

1,2-diam1nocyclohexanetetraacet1c acid

30)S H202

4.0 540 acetate buffer

4.65' 545 acetate buffer

(0-1,0 ppm)

(1-100 JUg/co)

, Ag(II), V(V ),Nl (II) ,Ta(IlI) ,Be (I I) Hn(II) ,Ti (IV), Zr

6

(IV ),Ei {III),HO (VI),~' (VI), Pb (II) , Cu{II),Cd(II),Fe {III),A1(III),Sb (III),1'h (IV ),Fe (11), etc. do not interfere

-L-fj'e (Ill) ,1'Jrl (II 1), Cu{II),Iii{II), Cr(III)J

C·li (II ) ,l1n ( II ) , .J:I e (II I) , Cr ( 11 I) , upto 10 times the concentrnt ion o£ COJ Nn(II),Fe(III), procedure is applied in alkaline medium to the detn. of CO (interference of and Cu in the ~;ame 1:1, eu and cr can :-::oltle be avoided by measurine the extinction aeainst blank except H202 )

7

D6

D7

D8

D9

..... (1J

~

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4

4,4'-d1aminodiphenylmethane-H,H'-tetraacetlc acid

(0.02-0.12 mg CO(lI) )

5

1 :2-di-(2-aminoethoxy )-ethane-IT,ll, Ht ,11' -tetraacetic acid

a'J.monical soln.+H202

(2 JUg Ca/ml)

1 ,2-d lam1nopropane-r,N,1I' ,IT' tetraacetamide VI 11 535 - buffer

D1am1nopyridylazobenzenes

2.4 M :·1Cl

medium

565,590 (1,00000-1,23,000)

(73-25'1 A,lO'/ml of Co(nI) )

(2-200 ppm)

2J6-dlaminot3-(2-thiazolylazo)toluene

a q .NH3 (111) soIn.

Dlantipyrylmethane

Extn.1nto -CUCl 3 HCl or E2 SOq.

590

620 (3600)

(0.1-0.7 ppm)

Fe (III) t Nn (III), Cu(II),H1(Il ), Cr(nI)

(1:10 Hi(II),Fe (II), 1:7 Cr{VI) }

Fe (II), Cr (Ill)

6 7

D10

D11

D12

the method 1s D13 claimed to be superior to the nltraso-R salt method for low concn.

Application in low D14 alloy steel, catalyst and 1:1 salt.

D15

.... U1 (IJ

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4

4-(3, 2'-dibromo-2-pyric1ylazo )-1,3-diaminobenzene

Nt\. acetate + lJI4F

590 (123000)

0.00050 )lg/cm2

3'25'-dichloro-2'-hydroxyacetophenoneox1mB

Extn.w1th 7.0-8.0 400 or rnrCL3 420

(1.7-10 ppm) (0.042-0.1+6

Alg/cm2 )

5,7-d1chloro-8-bydroxyquinoline Rhodamine 6 G

Extn.w1th 6.3 benzene

~2 (7,000)

t"-(3,5-dichloro-2-pyridyl azo-)1,3-diaminobenzene

588 (175'00 -)

1-4 ppb

5-(3,5-d1chloro-2-nrridylazo)-2,4-d1aminotoluene

2.4 11 3.0 590 O.OO0+2;ug/cm2

RCI (1,38000) (0.01-0.4 ppm)

Dicyclohexanoneoxalyldihydrazone

5'0 % EtOH

9.5' NH4C1 NH40H buffer

292 (6500)

(1x1 o-4-5x1 0-3 ) mg/mJ.

'5

l.:ln (II), Cr (Ill), Pb(II),Fe (II),

rAs (nI)J,.AS (V), - Zn(II)..{

6

relative std. devi. 0.34 % Ft sl~ghtly decreases E max

Application in steel

?

D16

D17

D18

D19

Il20

D21

.... 'J1 C)

Table (Contd.)

1 2 3 4 5' 6

Trisodium citrate + PCI

510 large excess of application in Cu(II),Ag(I),Au ainerals and (III) BeocamicaJ. samples rIJ1(II)lZn(n )~J.jn(

Itacitrate 525-5'40

't'r I) , V (V ) ,eu (I I , il'e(IIl), Cr(llI J

(20 ppm-1.6% Co) (1:7000 Amt. of Jle (III}, 1!'1 (II), Zn(IIJ

2:Diethylamino-2-(2-pyridylazo)ppenol

8.0 ,70-'582 acetate (10,000) buffer

-fO.05-1 y 1m2) at 6.0 pH

Fe (I II ), 1I1 (n ) , IJln (II) tZn (II), Al(Ill) masked by complexon III and eu by 1;a2s2 03

2-Diethylamino-2-(2-EYridylazo)Phenol bromo der1vat1ve

,70-,80 (99,000)

5-D1ethylamino-2-(2-pyr1dylazo)phenol dibromo derivative ,70-590 (96,OOO)

D1ethyl 3,4-d1oxoad1patebisthiosemicarbazone

386

the method is applicable for Co detn. in silica terock

Application for Co detn. in steel

preCision is 1.16 %

7

D22

D23

D2t ..

D2,

D26

D27 ..... C}

o

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4 5'

D1ethyl 2,3 d1oxobutane-1,4-dtcarboj~late dithioseo1carbozape

6.5-8.3 386

Diethyld1th1ocarbamate

Extn.with 8.,-benzene 9.0

:t."'xtn. 'W i th CC14

• I

D1.ethylenetx;am1ne

ox1dn.l11th 2.0 (:rill4 )2S208

268 (39,700) 320 (25,000)

32,

367

470

(0.16-0.96,.ue/ml) -

(3, '1)8CO/10 ml)

Ni(ll) did not interfere

(0.001-0. 006t2fg/l) Cu(lI),Cr (III), 11n(n)

D1ethylenetriamine p?ntaacetic acid (DTPA2

7.0 550

in pre.of 4.5-30 % ~02 7-0

370 & 530 (12, JUg/ml)

2,4-dihydroxxacetoEhenonethiosemicarbazone

7.9 400 (20,000)

(23.5 Alg-2.35 mg CO)

6 7

D28

1?c(II),1:n{II)mash:ed 029 'With pyrophosphate Cu(II) must be removed by prelioinary sepn.

std.devi. is !,10 %

D30

D31

:032

D33

D34

~ C)

P':"

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3

2,4-dihydroxydithiobenzoic acid

11.0 430 (43,500)

K-Dihydroxyethy1dithiocarbamate

390 & 440

224-dihldro~-J-n1troso~r1dine

3.5 412 (24,,00)

224-dih~dro!lvaleroEhenane oxime

25'% Etha- 400 7.0-nol extn. 9., (2940) with 6H61

3

Dir!l!?donedioxime Extn.1..;rith 9-9., 380 isobutyl methylketone

(11,300)

4

(0-2. 0 X1g/C~)

(0.6-2 ppm)

2 0.02 Alg/em (20-160 ppm)

2 0.0057.,ug/cm

5

Eeta1s of the sulfide group

Fe(ll)

Cu(Il),Pd(II) , Fe (nI), U02 (II), Hn(II),1I1(II)

L- C1', 804 tI ,1;03

t ,

I~ (1),S03n ,K(I),

6

In presence of EDTA Cu(II) ,Hi (II), and Co(II) deted in presence of each other

Zn (II ) , Cd ( II ) , tartarate,c1trate 7

rCU(II)3Hg (II ), - U02 (II ,Cu(II),

Zn(II) Cd(ll) Fe(III~,N1(II)~

7

D35

D36

D37

D38

D39

~ C') c:;

Table 1

(Contd. )

2 3

2,3 -dlmercaPtoquui~xq:.1JY1e P,

ethanollc 3.0 + ,10 0., -

4

n IN' -Bls-(3-d~methylarn1nopropyl dithio oxamide 2

r 9+0.3 500 0.004, Alg/cm - (0.16-4 ppm)

9.0 37'0

2,4-dimethylbenzam1doxime

~8

Dimethy1elyoXime + Na azide

3.,-7., Dloethylglyoxlme

DioethylfibYox1me

540

293 (9780)

420 (1000)

(2.0 ppm)

(> 1-75 ppm)

(0.05-, Alg/ml)

5' 6 7

])40

Al(IIl),Fe(III), D41

Pd (II) ,Fe (III) ~/1n(n )

l:.n{II) must be removed or complexed to prevent their intcr.ference

Cr(III),Fe(II),Hn -(n ),Nl (II) ,Cu{II) and oxidizing or reducing agents

042

D43

1>44

1>4,

D46 ... ~ Co)

Table

1

(Contd.)

2 3

Di'7S1ethylgqoxime + benzidine

Extn.1nto 6-7' benzyl alcohol

420 (12,000)

~

(20 Alg/ml)

H 4" (0.001-0.0, mg) (blue filter)

Dimethyl glyoxime + o-dianisidine

4.0 436 ammonium acetate

Dimethyl glyoxime + o-phenylenediamine

420 (4000)

Dimethyl glyoxime + KI

4.,-,.0

435

l'!am~. blue filter 0.01-2 m~/ru. A CoH (0.0,-, oyml) burfer

415-dimethyl-2-hydroxyacetophenone oxime

25~{ ethanol extn.into C!IC13

400 (1378)

,

1:1(11 )

Fe is masked with JIa1f.P207

6

er(lll) ,Bn(Il) Fe(Ill) masked by NsF

7

D47

1)48

11+9

1)5'0

D,1

D52

.-C')

.&:10..

Table (Contd.)

1 2 3

2,4-dinitroresorcinol

Extn.with 2.0-5.0-CECl

3

Diphenylcarbazon~

D1phenylguanidine

Extn.1nto 7-9 CHel

3 60, (1100)

Diphenyliodoniumchlortde¢

Extn.into 7.0 62, CRCl3 5H IDI3 or

5H BCI

Diphenylrubeanic acid

alcohol (0.1 %) +

17aOH Extn. into pyridine

410

4 5

FeCIII) ,IIi (II), Cr (I II) , Cu (II), EDI'A dimethyl Glyox1me

L-Cl t ,IJ03 t ,S04u J

(0.1-1.2 mg/20 ml) -

6

reduced CueII) to Cu (I) using llH4 SCN

?

D,3

D54

D"

at normal alloying D56 levels ,N! (II), Cr(Ill), lIn(!I) ,HO (VI), \1!(VJ} , are tolerated. std. steels samples analysed

D5?

.... C"; c.,"

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4

1,3-dipbenyl-5-(2-thiazolyl)formazan

1;.-7 ( o. 1 -3. 0 ppm)

4,4 '-d1pbcnylth1osemlcarbazone of 1,2-d1ketones

Extn.lJ1th ethyl acetate + pyridine

(10,000-23,000)

1,3-diPhenyl-3-t h1propan-1-one

aq.rIcdla 9., Extn.into cyclohexane

410

2.22J-dipyrldylk~toxi~

Extn.wlth CHC~

7.5 citrate buffer

2,2'-Diqulnol;y:l ketoxlme

Extn.into 10-0 36, benzene 1Q% KOB (53000)

DlrEctbr11liant oran~

11.,- 500 13.0

(0.065-0.65 ~ mole/Co)

(0.71-1.66 ppm) (1-10.ug Co)

(0.1-1.20 ppm)

(21.7-108.8 ng/ml)

5 6

CU(II)tSn(II)t -Bi(III),Pd(II) r1 :100 fold Ni(II) 7 - -

/-Fe(III),Cu{II),Mg -- (II) ,Hn (II),Ki (II),

i'1(IV) ,Al(IIIJ,Cr (III),Cr(IV) 7

, -

7

D58

D,aa

D59

D60

N1{II),OS(VIII)t previous extn.was 'D61 EDl'A,CI;' required to el1minate

the interference of Au(III),Cu{II),Ag(I), Fe(III),Ti(IV),Zr(IV) \.Jith CHCl

3

1: 1000 fold ~"e (Ill), V(V), V(VIll)

D62 .... ~ C)

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

B-dithiona~tholic acid

alkaline :;.12.0 )35 (0.02-1.6 I~1 (II ) , Cu (II ) ) alkaline metals D63 (,,2,0) ;Ug/ml) sn(II),B1(III and co~~on anions

equal fold) do not interfere Pb (11) ,TIg{II), Ag (I),Cd{II),Fe(III), Al(III) (10 fold), Hn(II),Fe (II),Hg (lI»)Zn(II), (100 fold

D1 tb10 oxamide

in presen- 9.0+ 385 O. 2 .Algi m1. Pd (II ) , pt ( IV ) , C1;' oust be absent D64 ce 0.1 ~ 0.3- Ag(I),Au (Ill), Application to alloys eu~ acaci4 borate Hg{II), Pb{Il), and ferrosilicon

soln. buffer citrate and tar-trate (High cone)

Dith 1 zone

CHCl3 ,,0 (4880:!500 )

D6,

CPC13 ,35 (1-1.6.ft,le Co) Application in toxical D66

study af biological Di thIfZOIle sample and air

Extn. 8-9 5'42 nm or the method was reco- D67 into CC~ aq.NH3 620 nm

mfficndcd for magnetic (59,200) materials

tt 8.3-9 605 Hg(II) ApplicatIon in D68 analysis of rocks

.... c:: -..J

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3

Eriochrooo black II

10.0 buf.fer

Eriochrome bleck 1.

Extn.w1th CHCl3

9.6

620

630

580 (50,000)

5.,-8.2 1~,200)

Er1chrom9 blue black R

625

4

0.00118 fU;:;/crri (0.6-18 Ali;)

5'

Cd(II},Cu(II), ta(II) ,Sr (II), l'ln (II ),l·lg( II)

C104 t ,IW3 t, Wl'A

DOTC

6 ?

Hi (I I ) , Zn (I I ) , Pb (1 I ) , E1 Ca(II) do not interfere in the presence of excess EJ.1IA

E2

E3

C. C1 t, S04" ,F' acetat!y

8.9Ox10~g/cm2 (O.'7-4.0JI~ co)

111+

(0.05 to 0.6 ppm) - E5 Ethyl bis (1-8od1o-1IT-tetrazole-2-yRJazo)acetat~

4-13 610 (12,100)

£~£thYlheXYl 11le-oCGlPl-o>,QcetcltE' gxt1t --:. at'lr1onical','.· h)to ,,- acetate CHcL3 buf1e.6'

/' 6-j-O

O.06-Alg/ml (200 lUG/50 ml)

494 (16,700)

(0.5-) ..ag/ml)

> o. 5' mg lin ( II ) .? 0.6 !!1g l~o (IV) ~ 0.2, mg V(V)

L1(II),Cu(II)

Al(III),Fe(III) E6 masked l-J1th HsF and Cu(ll) '~ith complexon III

110 (VI) t ,.J (VI), V (V) Cr (III) ,Cd (II ),S203 n

El

..... C";

en

Table

1

(Contd.) 2 3 4

Eth~1-2-hydroeY phenyl hydrazone dioxobutyrate

Extli. in 8-9 to C6R6

Ethyl xanthate

F.xtn.1n CC14

6.5-9

Ethylaxanthate

Extn.in ethyla-cetate

Extn.into pyridine + ethyl acetate (1 :4)

567 0.08 Jug Co/ml

284 & 356 nm -(13,400)

blue filter

420

( 0.01 mg/5 ml)

(0.01-0.055 rng/C1l)

Extn.into 7.5-9 350 molten (4460) na.phtha-lene E~hyl thioxanthate

Extn.\oJlth 5-9., molten nnphthalene

390

5

Zo(II), Cu(II), HnCII), 20 fold excess

#

6

lln(II),Al(III ),Zn(II) Cd (II), Ho (leI) ~ crC\u tungstate / c.LtCU) '.:.masked 'With thiourea

Cuell) masked with -thiourea

Fe (Ill) ,EI1.iA

L-Oxalate,cltrate tart rat e,Fe (Ill) El(II),Cu(II), in small amountsJ

u¥;thod is applicable for 1;1-Co alloy

the method is appli-cable for alloys

7

E.~

E9

E11)

E11:

E12

1::13

..... C":; (0

Table 1

(Contd. )

2 3 4

I:,IT .-ethylene his (o-merc~ptobenzam1de)

acid 645 (8.0-1404o/cc) medium

alkaline 9.0 620 (0.3-5. 5' ~/cc) medium (9200)

> 12.0 518

,

N,N t-ethylenedi-4-methoxy-1,2 benzoquinone -1-ox1f!l.C -2-imine

Extn.~ith CEC13

1-7 1-3·5 H2S~ of RAC

Ethylened1aoine

10.0

381 ))

463

365

Ethylened1amilJe bis acetylacetone

(0.02 0' /mJ.) ~"e(1I1),Cu(ll ), li1(l1) ,Pd(I1), masked by EDrA

Pe (III) ,En (II), Cr(III),s11ght1Y

/-Cu(lI),l:i(II) 7 - -

(1.2-31.,us/ml) Fe(II),Cu(II),can

6

method was applied to the detn. of cO·l~ volcanic lava

II: pre. of 1\..1, Zn, Pb Sb,detn. must be carried out in lTaOF. soln.

10.0 !;:1I40Ac

345 (3,00) be removed by extn. L-mg. amts. of co~mon

masking agents anions and metal. 10nsJ

7

E14

E15

E16

E17

E18

... ...... 1 o

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3 4 5 6 7

Ethylened1amine-N,lJ' -diacetic-N,lP -diisoprom,.onic acid (EDPA)

8.0 385' & 5'35' 0.1637 ?Jg/cm2 (360) (5.8-144 ;Ug/ml)

1~hylencdiam1ne N ,N '-dipropionic acid

8.0 5'35

l;;DTA 6i -lIe. Gnlt + !ral

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4 5 6 ?

Acetic 558 10-80 Y Icc ~~e (III), N1 (II), E26 acid CU(II),Al(III), 0.5 N Zn (I I ) , Cd ( I I) ,

Ba(II),Pb(II)

neutral 540 Cu(ll) ,la(II) bn(ll) is masked E2? cr(lll),Fe(IlI) . l':ith 113P04- + tl2.02

4.6 520 (20-40 mg/100 ml) - Error is 0.31-0.38 F28 rne/100 mI.

EDTA + ,-40 (2.6 ppm- LFe (Ill) , \J (VI ) , oethod 1s applicable E29 lTa104 2.6x 10-3H) V(V),Cr(III),Cu for detil, 01" CO in

(II) ,1;i (II), S1(IV) steel and other &1(11) ,Al(IlI), III alloys (II ),Tl (V),no(VI2!

rm:CA + ac1d 104 f

510 (6 ppo-6x10-31-1) l·n (I I), Cu (II) ) Fe(III) masked by E30 (302) Hi(II),Cr(III pyrophosphate

EDTA 4.6-5.6 520 (1-4., mg) Common elements E31

do not interfere

4.8 490 (0.0031-1 - eu (II), Cr (II), method J was applied 132 acetate O.22H) tll (I I) t (Fe) to anlysis of buffer galvan1c bathe

0.5' n 558 (0-100 "ug/ml) Fe (III),la (II), lu(III),Zn(II),Cd(II), E.33 acet1c eu(Il) la(II),Pb(II) can be ac1d masked by addn. of

excess ill1fA di-lJa salt.

,... ..... 1 C'.J

- -

Table

1

a~mon1cal l:1edium

0.05 N H2S,\

(Contd.) 2 3

580

grc:en filter

4 , Fe (II) ,71(IV), Ni (II), Cu(II) , SOtt." and P t

at 100 mg cone.

Ethylene Glycol bi~ (2-amino ethylether )-U,N ,l~ 1 ,N '-tetraacetie acid

9.0 llford 10-250 )//01

EDTA tetramide

11.7

green filter to 605

412 (4500)

ED'iA tetrat:l1de + H202

525 (216)

Ethylenetriamine p?nta acetamide

(0.5-12 lJPc)

(15 -230 ppm)

11.7 418 (0.5-12 ppm) (4300)

Ethylenetriamine penta acetamide + H202

530 (226)

(15'-230 ppm)

li'9 (nI),l:D (II), Cu{II)~l;i (II), ereII!)

6

1:75 fold Fe(III) 1:2 fold Cr(III),Ell (II ), 1: 1 ITi (II) is tolerated

Co(IIl)

7

~4

E35

E36

137

E-38

E39

E40

~

-.: '-J

Tablr' (Contd. )

1 2 3 4- 5 6 7

Fast-erey RA

554 (0.02-0.7 ppm) FeCIII), V(V ),Zr Zn ( I I) H 1 (I I) F1 (IV»)CU(II))Ga Cr(III),lh(Tv),La (III ,Cd(lI , (Ill),Cl"C0311,~n , Be (III), Br , , I ' , H004",Oxalate, H0lf," tartrate

citrate donot interfere

Fast !~av~ 2R

8., 620 (0.2-5 ~g/25 ml) Ga(II),I·J:e( II), la1 method is applicable F2 (II) ,H1(II), Zn for detn. of cyano-(II),Pb(I!), are cobalmln in masked by lIDr A injection

Fast sulIilon black F

11.0 5'90 ( ~: o. 06 ppm) eu (I I ) ,Ee ( In ) , Fe(III),Cr(III) can F3 ( 0-58 Alg Co) la(11 ),Bn (II) be elim1nated by

interfered pptn or by redD. and seriously oxdn. process

li'errozine -~ 6·5 ,00 0.013 Al,/cm2 Cu (I I ) , Fe (I II ) , F4-

'(4643 ) (0-6.AlL; ml) IIi (II) Forcic acid h~6razlde

480 F5 Furfuryl lrninodiacet1c acid

6.5 515' F6 ..... 11.4 218 -.:

~

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4

)) + II202 6.1 )10

Furildioxime

8.0 ~P04 0-4 ppm -lJa2RPOt.. 350 buffer (1840)

0( -Furl1 monoxime

Extn.'Wlth 5-6 395-415 CEC13

II 9-11.5 350-410 (0.01-4.0 " /mJ.) (30495)

Extn.'llith 2.5- 7 lf05 to 410 (0.1 ppm) C6II6

Furointhiosemicarbazone

7., 365 0.0CJ727 Al~/cm2 (8095) (L 10 ppm

,

Na ( I) , K ( I ) ) Hg (II),lffi4(I ,Cl'

Pt (IV) , Pd (II )

Ni(n) must be absent

6 7

F:7

In presence of Cu(II) F8 l~i(I I) ,Fe (I I) ,PbCI!), Ag(l), previous cxtn. with d1thlozone must be carried out

~'e (111),,(111) F9 masked \01 i h NaF applied to cotn. of col'll steel pyrotites

F10

Pb(II),Zn(II),Cu(II), F11 V(V), l:i (11) ,En(II), Cd (II), Cr(IIl) ,Fe (n I), AlCIII) can be cD.sked "11th lIaF

Cu{ II) can be F12 eliminated by prior sepn. l-1n(II) and li'e (III) can be masked by F'

.... "9 -..

(Jl

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3

Gluconic acid

10.8-11.3 112C03 330 Eel (438) buffer

Glycine cresol red

7.0 580 (28750)

Glycine thymol blue

Glyoximo

8.0 Acetate 1m3 buffer

574 (22250)

9.0 to. 286 9.5 (15,000) rlH4C1 buffer

4

(5.33-53.3 Ale/til)

0.0065 .-Ug/ cm2

(5.9-47.0 .Alg/25 ml)

(5.9-29.5 )Jg/25 01)

( 4 ppm)

5 6

Fe(III),Cu(II), l~i (II), U (IV), ce (IV) ,arsenates interfered serio-usly

Ll1g (I I) ,Ca ( II) ,llR4 (I) , Al,III) ,Ei(IIl),

(10 mg/25 ml)J

Cu(II)tFC(II), Fe(III),Al(III), Se(IV),Ca(II),F', AS~n , , P04" • , strongly interfered

/ .... Hg(II ),1:1 (II) - Ca(II)J

EI11'A thiourea increase thE reaction selectivity

Cu(II)tN1 (II ), Fe(III;, Al(III) are maselced by EDrA

7

G1

G2

G3

G4

G5

.... _ .. •

0').

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3 If. 5

Rexamethylened1amine-N,N,1T',IJl-tetracetlc acid (HDrAA) + H202

550 (36-291 ,ug/ml) Hexamethylptlosriloramide (HHPA) + SCl:'

Fxtn .",i th UEC~

317

610 (1240)

1,6-Hexanediaminetetracetic acid

alkaline 9.5

Ey~nine 1622 + KCNS

550 (137 )

Extn.with C61I6

4.6 624-acetate buffer

1-Eydrazinoppthlazine

am:nonical 10-11 extn.with 8-quinolinol + CRC13

O-hydroxy-O'-aminoazo

453

662 (33,200)

2 0.047 ~g/cm (6-48 )lg/ml)

+ H2 02

2 0.430 Alg/cm (36-291 ppm)

er(Il) ,Cu(Il), (1:25-Hi(I1)

Id(II),Fe (llI),Ca{II) zn (II),Hn (II), cr207''

6

Alloy analy sis is applicable

...

Co datn. in steel

previous extn. re4U. for removal of Fe{III),Cu(II), Li(I1)

7

H1

H2

IT3

H4-

H5

applied to det. H6 Co in sea water and biological materials

Fe (I 11),1·10 (Vl), l1g (I I ) E~ Zr(IV) can be masked -~ by c1trate,tartrnta, ~J phosphate and ascorbate Co detn. in I:l & Ni based l-,'eldings.

Table 1

(Contd. )

2 3 1+

TTydrazonium salt of hydrazine d1 th1ocarboxyl1c ac~d

neutral or s11ehtly acidic

low lit

8.0 buffer

390

360 (46,000)

1-Hydro!y-2-carboxyanthraquinone

ammonical ethyl alcohol

480-490

0.1 :)-4.5 i(f Iml

(3-11) Fl~~

, Cu (II) ,Ag (I) ,Ug(I) t Hg(II),11(1 ),Pb(II}, Sn(II),Ei(III),V(V)

Ng(II), ea (II), BrCII), Ba(II),Pb(II),Zn(II), Bn(II)

6 7

alkali metal alkaline H7 earths,Al(III),Cd(II}, zn(II ),Hn(ll), U02 (II)

,

do not interfere

l~ i (I I ) , eu (II ) , l·ll ( I I ) 118 and Fe(III) can be masl~ed by addn. of seignette salt

H9

4-Hydroxy-3-carboxyphenylazo-3 f ,3" -dlmethyl-4 '4ft -biphenyleneazo-2" -chro[!1otropie acid + 112

°2

3-Rydroxyehromone

Extn.'oJith /7.5 a r:!ly 1 ale oh 01

533

36,

2.26-22.60x10-9

'~/c~

2-Hydroxydimethyl acetoPhenone oxime (HD1·:i\OX)

:r::;xtn.into C:lC13

7.5-10 400 (1520)

1-13 ppm

F10

n11

H12

.... ~l

("I)

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3 4 5

t.±.-hydroxy-2-d1methyl amino-5-~ltroso-6-aminopyr1tn1dine (EDNA) 2 5.5'-6.8 395 0.00093,ug/cm

(63,00,) (0-1.1.1- ;ug/ml)

10 660

3-Eydroxy-1,3-diphenyltriazlne (RDPTAl

Extn. \>11 th C6H6

" 6.8-8.3

398-422

420 (1480)

(0.45-3.25 ug)

2-(2-hydro;y-5-methoxyphenyl azo)-4-methylthiazol

Extn.witb 7-9 isoamyl alcohol \,leakly acidic 4-7

6W & 404 0.0018 -Ilcm2

;2 -Hydroxy ..l.1--rnethyl-$-chloroaceto,Ehenone oxIme

Extn.1nto CECl3

7., 400 (175)

(1.73-10.38 ppm)

3-Hydro&-2-methyl pyran-4-thione~thlomaltol)

Extn.carried 2-10 out '

350-550 5'- (2 -hydroxy-1-naPhthylazo )pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (KPAIJ) :Cxtn.wIth 10.6 580 (o.8-6.4~g/m1) EU..lA,Cl:',tartrate butyl alcohol (12,500) citr~tc and oxalate ~.nd oth£!r h1ehE"r ales.

6

l:i(II),Cu(II), can be masked 'Jith KCl! soln.

In presence of Fe (II)

7

IT13

H14

F15

TI16

H17

H18

H19

F20 ...... ""·Z CD

lIable 1

acidic 5 H Eel. Extn. into pantanol

(Contd. ) 2 3

620

4

2-(2-Hydro;y-5-nitrophenylazo)-4,5-d1phenylim1dazole

10.0 632 50 ~ 1m -EtoH 3 buffer

(1-13 ppm)

4-hydr0eY-5-nitroso-2,1,3 benzothiadiazoles

5

Cu(II), Zn (I I) ,Eg(II), Cd{II) ,I,;n (II), Ph{II), 111(11)

aq.alcoholic 6.0 mediLlo.Extn.

450-550 (1-100 Alg/10 ml) Fe(lll) ,Pd.(II)

, .. !i.th CRC13

C6H6,alcohol

4-hydroxy-3-n1troso-naphthalene-1-sulphon1c ac1d

Extn.with 312 or 368 (15' um) CFCI

3 " citrate 307 nm (0-15 urn) buffer (65,000)

~ 566 (16,6000 )

3-TIydroxy-4-nitroso-2-naphthoic acid

Phosphate 7·0

6

Application in pharmaceauticals is given

7

F21

II22

Nt (II) ,Pb(l I) ,Bi(III), H23 Zn(II) ,Bu(n), Ca(II), do not interfere.detn. of CO in pharmaceutical prepn.

Vi (II) ,Fe (III) do not interfere

F24

LJi (I I) ,Cu (II ),li'e (I I) E25 do not interfere

H26

Fe (III), Cu(II), Iii (II) H27 are Glasked by Hal:0

3 Zn(OH)2 and zinc

.,.-.. Q)

o

'l'able 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 >+

J7a-8tTIydroxy-7-nl tro~ 0suinoline -5-s ulfonate

8.0 525 citrate pbosphate buffer

5 6

rFe(III),Cu(II),Zn(II) CO detn. in }1n (II) ,l~ormones, cyanocobaJ:""~11n. v1tao1ns-1 -

6-::r;ydroxY-z-nillroso-1,2,3,4-tetra hydro-2,4-pyrimidine dione (mJPD)

367 0.00146.-ug/cm2 (40, ,00) (0-2..oe/r:1l)

I~-rrydroxy-n-p!?enyl-N '-allyl thiourea

l:ethyl alcohol

Extn.with benzene

9.0

410 0.08 )lg/ml

565 (O.08..ug/mJ.)

llj.Yydroxy-r.T-phenyl-l'l" -B-naphthylth1ourea

410 (0.08.tUg/ml)

2-(o-hydro;yphenyl}-3-methyl propyl py~role

1 : 20 .f old m (I I ) , Cu(II) ,Ln(Il), do not interfere

7

H28

F29

I30

II31

H32

560 (39,800)

Fe(III),Hi(1I),Cu(II) H33 must be masked with

1-~6-pydro!y~enYl)~3-pyrldYl-2,3-diaza-1-propane (BPDA)

~O

EIJ.r A. d et. Co in 1:"i salt

£34 ...... co ~

Table 1

3 K)'d (fOAj

(Contd. ) 2

Pic olinalde hyde

4.5' acetate buffer

n

3

5'45 &: 570 (30,400 & 26,600)

480 & 5'40 3-hydroxypicol1nealdehydeazine

480 (42,000)

4

(5-25,Alg/25 ml.)

3-Hydro;yplcol1nealdehydethiosemlcarbazone

alkaline

acidic

r:! 45'0 7.0-9./ (23,500)

1.0-3.0 4,0 (7800)

~ -hyclroxy-1-rhenyl-j-p-tolYltr1azene

Extn.1;dth benzene

Extn.\Jith enCl3

8-10 410 (27,400)

345-350·

(0.3-3.5 ppm)

(1-6 ppm)

(O.11Ug/ml)

17-H'-bis(2-hydroXY-2-sulfopbenyl-c-cyanoformazan

615 30

5 6

Fe(III),El(III ),Cu(II) -Eg(II),Pd(II),Au(III), Pt (1 V), lJi (I I)

Fe masked "J 1 th tartar1c acid

Fe(III),Zn(II},Cd(II) Ni (I I ) ,Cu (I I ) ,Fe (I I I ) , can be masked with ascorbic acid

7

H35

R36

1137

ll38

I-J39

1140

n41

.... 0)

o

Table

1

(Contd. )

2

Halachi te green + SCU'

Extn.w1th 5-11 CC14 + cyclohexanone

Halic acid + 112°2

3

630 (86,000)

370 (2190)

4

(0.1-6 )lg/6ml)

lJa-p-( me rcapt 0 acetamido ) benzene sulfonate

6.5-7. '5 475 (0.3-2.0 ppm)

8. '5-11. 0 390

E-HercaQtoacetxl ,E-toluidine

Extn.with 490 (0.2-'5 pg/ml) CHC~ (13,100)

B-HercaEtoacrylic acl~

alkaline 10-12 rledluf!l

640 (5-100 ppc)

5 6 7

Cu(ll)tZn (II),B1(III) Cd(I1),Nl(II)tHn(Il)t 1-11 Au{III) Hg(II),Al(II1J,Ho(VI),

Zn(I1) Cu(II),Pb(I1), L1(II1),Fe(lll) masked '-lith NaF and thiourea. detn. in salt and sand

Cu{Il),Zn(ll)~Pb(Il), Deen. in vitamin 1.1(11),Cr(1ll ),-ile(lll) B12 chro~~te,tunBstate, molybdate, iodide, :Borate, citrate

1-12

Hi(1I) .Al{III), ZD(Il) ,¥Jl(II), H3 Cu{Il),Fe(II),Fe{IIl), cr(III), Ag(l), \~ (VI), Ho{VI},Pd(Il) do not interfere

I: " oxalate 1:1 (II) and oany 1:4 molybdate Pd (II) other metals do not

interfere

Fe(1I),CU(II)~(II), N5' ea (I I ) , Hg (I I ) , (I I) , Ag(I )J ~ Q:)

c;.)

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3

2-mercapto-benzo-r-thiopyrone

Extn.w1th 6.5-9.8 350 CFICl

3,Ketones,

esters,ethyl acetate

o-~ercaptobenzoic acid

Extn.with dichloro-ethane

,.7-7.2

B-rnercaptocinnamic acid

')70 (16,500)

11.,-13·0635

B-Nercapto cinnamanilides

Extn.l-l1 th isoamyl-aCetate

6.0-9.0 640 phosphate buffer

E-mcrcaptohydroclnnamic acid

8-9., 7-11.0

Hercaptoethanol

560

465

4

~ 3 ng/cm2 (0.5-0.6 ppm)

2 0.0028 ..ug/cm (0.29-2.9 ppm)

(10-100 ppm)

(10-100 ppm)

( L 1 00 ppm)

2-mercapto-5-nitroso-6-amino~-pyri~idinol

330 (6720)

5

W(VI ) ,V(Vl ) ,Eo (VI) , V(V), se (IV), Re(IV), Fe (III), Cu(Il ),Ag(I), seriously

eu(ll), Ag(I·.), Cd(l!) are masked \J i th thiourea

6 7

H6

interference due to 117 Ei (I II) ,Fe(III) ,Ho(VI), rJi(II),h'(Vl) and V(V) can be eliminated by previous extn.

C Ca(II),Hg(II) ,Ea(II)J Zn (II ),Fe (II), Pb(II ) H8 lower the extinction

Fe (I I) , eu (I I ) H9

C Ca(II), Hg (II) ,Ba(II)] Zl1(II) ,Pb(lI) ,Fe (II) 1-110 lovJsr the extinction

1-111

1-112 ...... Co

.&:>,.

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4

3-~ercaptopropanediol and 2,3-dlmercaptopropapol

415

~-mercaptopropionic acid

Extn. '-Ii th CECl3

,.6-11.0 380-540 (7980)

B-mercaptoprop!onic acid

9.0 370 (20-1+00 "'( )

B-mercaptopropionic acid p-pbenetidlde

Extn.wlth 8.,-10.2 40, &. t .. 09 (0.1-4 rice) (HC L3 (19,000)

3 -mercaptoprop!ononophenetldlde or 13-mer-profen

Extn.with CECl

3

8.2-9.0 485

8-mercaptoquinoline or (Thio-oxine)

Extn.'~lth 4.0 2 ug/10 ml -CHCl3 8-Hercaptoqulnollne or thioxine

Extn.vllth CHC~

5-6 470

5

1:20 :N1ClI) can be eliminated \'lith oxalate

Fe (III) ,l~i (11) ,cr207''

6

Cu (II) can be r:lasl~ed by 5 ~& KCli

7

H13

1-114

H15

CA1{IlI),Hn(n) ,Cr(IlI) eu(II) ,Pd(Il) 1nter:fe- 1116 Bg(Il),~i(II),Th(IV) red with high level V{V),Pt(lV).J lIi(II) can be maslted

~Ith oxalate Fe(II), (III) "lith tartrate __

the metbod can be 1-117 applied to the analysis of rocl{ and solI sample

i~alysls of Ferro magnetlcmaterial

N18

H19 .... Cf,)

(..'"

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3 4

8-rercaptoquinoline + 1,10 phcnanthroline

Extn.wlth caC13

4-10 46, (11,600)

(130 Alg/10 mJ.)

8-mercapto succinic acid + acetoacetic acid

520-528 (1-10 -( /m1)

,

1- (2-mercapto-1 ,3 ,4-thiadiazol-5-1.i.azo-2-napthol{met ldan)

6 ?

Interfering ions and Z.120 are reroved by extn. with HCI. Co detn. in high speed steel

1121

6.3 -10.6 680 (0.12-1.6 Alg/ml) Fe (III), Cr (III), CU (II) - H22 (11 , 800) 1;1 (III )

9-2 680 (0.06-1.6, )lg/ml) - Co detn. in 1 r;:"

Table 1

Extn.with CC~

Extn.w1th ether

(Contd. ) 2 3 4

7.0-8.5' 400 . (0.02-2.5' ,Alg/ml) aq.llH3

7.0-9.0 380

)

N-metbylaminothioformyl-N-ppenylhydro:rylamine

5' 6 7

II1 (I I) ,Fe (I I) , (n I) H28 Cu(II) can be masked ~ith Nu2C03 denn. in alloys

;-1:1 Fe(II),Cu(II) 7 detn. of Co in Leer - - 1-529

~ 8.0 470 (6x10-6 -6x10-'H)LZn(II),Cd(IJI),Pb{lI) (16, 5'00) 1111 (II) ,11001+" , \.~ol.f." ]

Detn. of Q:J in Cu, la B30 Zn alloys and in steel samples

I

N-methylcanabas1ne- o( -azo-p-cresol

a.cidic

alkaline

4.8

0-1.6

,65',645', 630 (1900)

670-620

8.5-12.0 ~fg,ooo) (1-30 -( /25 ml)

rE1(II),Cu(lI) ,Cd(II) -- 2,;.,,(11) Pb(II),Nn(n),

ile (III), cr (III), IJ.(II I), V(V),T1 (III)J

1-131

Fe (II),IJ!(II ),CU(ll)' 1,32 can be tolerated wi thout use of maslr1ng acont

I IJ-methylanabas1ne- 0( -azo-d1ethylaoinophenol or !7AAF II

2.5'-5'.0 550-5'90 (5'2,300-108440)

0.006-0.007 .Algi rJl. -( 1-20 ;Og/25 ml)

Cr('VI) ,Ho(VI), L (VI), 133 Al{III ) ,l-m(ll) ,b"e (II), do not 1nterfered

t-" c;u 'l

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4 5 6 7

1-8 ,,0-5'90 (78,100)

0.0009 lUg/cm2

(1-15JugJ25 ml) 1;i(II), Cu(II) ,Fe(III), Zn(II ),Nn(n), Cr(II I), 1134 at pH 3 Hg(II),Od(II),Al(III),

I 01-lr-methylanaoosine-O

'i'able 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4 ,

II-methylanabas1ne-~ J-azo-2-napthol-6-sulfon1c acid (HAAN-S '-2,6)

nc 1d 1c 1 • 0 580 o. 0018 Algie m2 (24,300) (,-,OAg)

O-methylbenzamideox1me

> 11.0 580 NethyIbenzoth1azoIyIazoketcxime

H20

ethanol 3. ,-1 0.4 630 Ammacetate HCI buffer

(, -90 ,.ug/1 0 ml)

Nethylethylenediarl1ine tetraacet1c acid tetramide (BEUfAl

11-04

Nethyl gl:ypxime

8., NJ:I4Cl-1lI-I4oH

buffer

535 (186)

260

(17.9-465 ppm)

(0-7 ppm)

2-methyl-5-nitroso-6-aoino-4-QYrimidinol

345 (6420)

2-methrl-4-nitrosoresorc1nol aq. medium L 4., 292 & 400

acetate (37,500) b~er

(0.1-2.1 ppm)

Ni (II ),Fe (II), Pb(n) Kn (II ) , Zn (I I ) , Cd (II ) i Cu(II), Cr207 ))

Fe (I II ) , Cu (II ) , Cll 'SCIJ t

V(IV), V(V), CrCIII), ~A,DCTA,ser1ously

6 7

corn:non '.cations,anions 1-141 :ill1l'A,citrate ,tartrate Ascoru1c ac1d,qxalate, acetate F, are tolerated

Co datn. in biological material

Hi (II) can be masked \!1 tb 10 % EDT A

1142

1·143

r4l+

H45

1-146

E47 ~ .. C> CD

Table 1

Acetone

(Contd. ) 2 3

325'-335' (10,000)

4

(3-9 ppm)

It-!Tlethyltetrahydrobenzofurong (6,7-b) (COumarin)

10.0 380 0.016 )J.g/cm2

(19093) (2.0-7.5)

3 -methyl-1-thiocarbamolypyrazol in 2 -onc 3.1-8.8 4$0

2-rnethyl-2-thioseudourea sulfate

AmrJon1cal 8.72-9.6 495'

5-methylthiourea sulfate

8.7-9.7 Nfl'3 495

l1ethyl thymoleblue

(1.6-30 ug/ml)

7.0 610 ((60)le Co/50ml) (119,500)

5.5' 630 (/20,000)

5 6 7

H48

several anions & Detnof coin 1149 cation prein natural natural ~ater ""ate r \of ere tolerated to a high de gree

-

B5'O

Co detn. in !,15' 1 pbarmaceutical prepns.

ascorbic acid,IJaF, thiourea do not interfere

!i52

H5'3

H?4

the oe-chod was applied H55 to soil analysis, pre-vious extn.'·Jith CC14 is ... necessary to ~ pre cone. Co. 0

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4

Hol~bdoEhos22oric acid

acidic 4.8 656 (0.3 .AJg-O. 5' acetate ng/5 m1) buffer

l10rin

366 (0.01 -1 .3 .Alg/CO)

?-lorrllo1inium mOTEbolir::e carbodi thioate

Extn.'·li th 645 eBCl

3 n 6l+5' (0.12 ,.ug/ml)

(,00)

Huclc acid

10.0 360 0.02.4 Ale/crr? E3B03 (1400 )

(2.3-28.3 "..ug/rnl)

buffer

5' 6 7

Fe(III),J:Ji(II),V(VI), H56 )~{VI),v(v),Cr(IIl}, Hn (II ) , Pb (l I ) , Sb (V) , P(V) do not interfered Applied to detn. of CO in alloys

Cu(II),Fe(Il),Ni(II), do not interfere

COUlaon allions and associated metal ions tolerated. Applied to vlt. B12 detn.

H57

H5'8

H59

,. • ..

'lable (Contd)

1 2

raphthamide oxim~

Bxtn.'·Jith 0.4 IJ 1nsobutanol Kon

3

5'81 (4400t5'O)

!:aphthoquinone dioxime comps. Extn.'With ( c,10,OOO) C:-1C13 in pre. of.' zephttamine Di-1-naphthy1diketone monox1me

r:xtn.\tlith r;.O-p.? 436 CHC1

3 buffe r

rr10xime ... Iodine

Extn.with 1.0 470 amyl alcohol (9842) + errCl3

,.0

Lioxime ... 16cl1ne Extn.-w1th 1-3 CrCl

3 -1so

acyl alcohol

2,2 & 31 1• (16,300 and 22,000) ,

290 (370,460)

1. icet inamidox1me aq.alkal1ne 10.5'-11 5'80 eth~'nolic (40 ;j) media

4-

(o.03 "ug/ml)

/-

0.01 1/cm2 (2-16 ppm)

5'

1:1(11), er(ll), l:n( II), oxid1sin~ agents

,/'}'e (II),1:1(II)J

6

eu(II) ,li'e (III) masked with tartrate or F'

;-large amts. of -Fe(II) and IJ1(II)J

the sensitivity 1s 1.7 ~lQD larger tban furil. diox1me

L-,tt'e (II) ,1.1 (II)J -

I,lost cations and ani:ms (CJ.', 1:03 • Lc',ciLrate and tartrate)

eN' and WI' A bleach th e color of the complex

7

IJ1

N2

IT3

u4

N5

1:6

N7 .. ..I'.' ~' N'

',Cable (Contd. )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

L1trilotr1acetic acid (NTA) or complex on I 4.88- 510 (0.25-3.75 mg/m2) -5.69

1J1artrate and acetate lJ8 both increase the

Ir'l'A -Sodium 510 acetate (0.025 -0.1+ mM)

E'e (III), hn (I 1) seriously inter-f eredrCu ( 11 ) , 1.i(11'), pre as. 1:2 in the Co(II) soln.J

lJitrilotriacetic' acid nITA) or complexon 1. + Sodium perborate

color forma~ian and so their umts. should be controlled

the method can be applied to Co(lI) -Li(11) and Co(11)-Cu(Il) binary mixts. at selee. '\>Javelength

1:9

Alkaline tlF."dia

,60 (0.01 to 0.4 mB/50 ml 1n E3P

1 able 1

(Contd. )

2 3 lr 5

p-Ni trophenylhydrazone of diacetylmonoxime or cobaltone-l

TIxtn.with ,Cone. dlethyl ether

Extn. \-J1th ether

1!H40H

Con. 1,On

11.7-11.9 l:H3

5'15 (in aq.)

053 (filter)

520

520

6-ni troquinoxaline-2.3-d1thiol

Extn.\,zlth isobutyl methyl ketone

t1

2.2 dil. HCl

2.1

530 ( 1925'0)

630-570

2-nitroso-2-d1ethylnminophenol Extn.with 5.5- 462 1,2,dich- 7., (62,000) loroethane

-(0-5 .,ug/ml)

(0.5-5 ppm)

( 0.05-0.6 ppm)

0.003.,ug/cm2

(0-3- 5' ppc)

j~~-

(Lo. 0-0.24 ;Ug~l)

Hg(II)tPb(II ), Al(l II), Cr(lII), Fe(lI),Fe(III), Cu(II) ,lIi (11), Zn(lI)

n;l (II),Cu (II), Ag(1),Pd(II)4 in pre- of lO~))J

111(11) ,Cd (I I), Cu(l1), Pt (IV), Pel (IV), EDl'A

6 7

£'e (III), Cr (III), V(V), NIl (II) ,removed by filbUation

(0 detn. in plant

cqti e ttl in Fe base alloys

IT13

IJ14

r15'

I~16

n1?

N18

the method ls appli- n19 catle for Co datn. in sea water. It is better rea,-:;ent than other nitroso compds.

til f# A

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4

1-n1troso-2,7-dihydroXynaprthalene

Extn.'·lith 5.5 nitroben-zene

450 ( L23~H)

2-1:itroso-2-dimethi:laminphcnol. (Nitroso DAHP2

Extn."/1th 4-7.0 11-56 (2-1ltx10-61-1CO) 1,2-d1ch- c1tra- (60,000) loroethane te

buffer

Extn.'\1/1th 1-11 benzyl alcohol nitroben-zene

456

1:1xtn .wi th . ~. . " 1,2- 5-6 4,6 dichloro- citrate ethane buffer

u

tt

3-8 456 (60,000)

,·3 456 citrate buffer

5.5 530 2 M (31,000) citric acid

(0.01 nld to 1 nM)

(f.ltx10-511)

5 6 7

U20

Fe(II),1~1(II), cc/Jetn. in Iii salts eu(ll), are masked in steel and sea

IJ21

by the citrate \Jater

Fe (II), Ui (II) 1T22 Cu(II) can be removed by extn. with HCI or :r, :raOIl

~Cu(II),Cr(II), Co detn. in iron t:rri(III),A1.(IlI) 7 and steel a.t lot-:er concn.-

Pe (III) , Iii (I I ) , masked \'J1th citric acid and other metal complexes decomposed by HCI

trace amt. ot Co detn. in alkali metal, Fe (III) salts

:N23

1724

Co , detn. in ,1:1 based I~29 cmd Zr bas ed alloys

Fe(II),Cu(II), lii(II)

Co detn. in commer-cial Hi salts and steel

E26

tiii ,. ,,,

Table 1

(Contd. )

2 3 4

6-nitroso-3-(dimethylamino)phenol

Extn • "lith 6.0 1,2-dich-lora ethano

460 (53, 000)

(f:13 ;011)

Na-1-ni troso-2-hydroxy-3 ,6-napht,llalene disulfonate

5'.0 410

1-ni troso-2-hydroxy-3 -naphthoic acid + Zer!liraoine

Extn.lJith 4.5 C6H6

428 ( L22;uH)

Z-Nitroso-8-hydro&;:Quinollne-5-sulfonic acid

4., 528 0.3 ppm (11, 000) (6.0 ppm)

,.0 525 (0.9-12. Ox1 O-'H) (11,500)

8.0 525' citrate-phosphate buffer

4-nitroso-2-meth~lresorcinol

Aq.soln. L4.5' 292 and Acetate 400

(0.1-2.12 ppm)

buffer (37,500)

5' 6 7

lJ27

Co detn. in pulp 1:28

1129

Fe (II I), eu (II) , Nn(II),Hg(I), (li'

1:30

ED.i.A

J:;'e (lll), ~·;n(II) II31 er(lll)

Fe(III),Cu(II ), zn(II) ,Hn(I 1),

z.r32

Ca( II) ,!Ig (II), hormones , v1tamins and p1armaceutical excipents do not interfere

N33 , .. -~-:r

(Ji ~

'l.'able

1

(Contd. )

2 3 4 5 6 7 -----_._------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------,-----1-n1troso-2,6-naJ2!:lthalene d1sulfon1c acici (lJa salt 2

8.08 445 borr1c acid-borate burfer

2-nit~oso-1-naPhthol--4-sulfonic ac1d

7.0 525 (4x10-6 -4 1.25x10 H)

Extn. "11 th acyl alcohol

532

2-n1 troso-1-napbthol-4-sul.fon1c acid + Elll;.n+

Eld:il.w1th -CHC~

307 (65,000)

1-10.0 520

Fe{Il),H1(II), Cu(Il),Pb(ll),Al (III), Cd (II), fig (I I) ,Li(III), Sb (III), ce (IV), Sn (IV) ,U02 (II),

cro,..," ,Cr 207" ,Cli ' , Un(ll), interfered a.t Concabovo10-3}1

Cu (I I) ,IIi (I I ) , Pd(II),l?e (III)

the method was used lJ34 for Co detn. in soil and plants

N35

lr36

the method is appl1- 1;37 cable for Co detn. in L1 salts, in Fe and steel samples

J,

(Contd.) Table 1 2 3

0-1;1 trosoPbenol

Bxtn • 'Wi th 4-5 CHC~

420

3 -!i1 troso-2 ,6-pyr1dinediol 7.0 411 NaOAc- (34,000) naCl'\.

~4-d1n1troresorc1nol

Extn.wlth 3-4 EU4Nt- . / 6-8 EU3n/CHC~

4 5

(2,-200,ug/25 rnl) -

o-nitrosoresorcinolmonomethylether

Extn.\oJith CC14

1.5'-10 375 and 400

Extn.\oJ1th 6-8 380 benzene 3-nitrososalicylic acid

Extn.'W1th petro11um r.ther

520 (0.002 YCo) .

Fe(Ill), Cu(lI) are masekdd with aom. citrate, thiourea

Fe(II),Cu(II) but can be eliminated

6

the method can be used for Co detn. in steel

1:5000 parts Fe(III) and 1: 1 000 parts h1(II) can be masked

7

189

~1to

!J41

1~2

N43

I!+4

t-i/i ill cr.>

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 If

2-nltroso-2,1f,6-triamin0EYr1oidine

380 O.0d+2 IJ.g/cm2

(11f,000)

lJitroxan1nazo

5.8-9.2 622 (33,200)

(0.04-0.6 \UZ/ml)

'5

(V\ 40 anions and cations)

Ti(IV),Cu(Il) , Hi(l I) ,J?e (III)

em{II), \;(VI), HO (VI),Hn(n ),the interfering spe-cies are masked \

;:Cable

1

(Contd. )

2 ..

3 4 ,

N-octadecylbenzyldimethyl amr:1onium p3rchlorate: (OBHA) + Kscn

Extn.w1th 2.0 dichloro 01Cl) ethane

320 (13,100) 630 (1850)

Omega chrome black blue G

10.0 625

Orange G

alkaline 11.4-13., ,33 ned1um

Oroticacid

,., 315 :-IOAc-NaOAc buffer

Oxalyl dihydrazide

alkaline N0622 (filter)

Oxa~idobenzotetronic acid (OLTA)

10.0 485

(,x1 0-5 -2x1 0-3H ) or r:t ( 5x1 0 -;;~Sx1 0 - 3H)

(4.7 ppm)

1111(11) other metal ions are complexed by EDTA and not interfered

Fe(11) ,Fe (Ill)

6 7

01

02

03

04

the method was used 05 to detn. of saccha-rin lia Salt. by pptn \,;1 th cobalt

06 I\l ::I o

(Contd. ) Table 1 2 3

Extn.,dth 3.5-8.5' 430 C6H6 (1820)

Oxamidoxime or (Dlaminozlyoxlme)

8-9., JfaOAc buffer

350

1:-oxirninoocetylanthranl111c acid 8.5- lt30 9.5

cxioinodimedone

Extn."11th 4-7.0 374 isoamyl phospha-(19,680) alcohol te

buffer

Oxine acetate Extn.with CFCl3

Oxine blue

e±O.2 dil. 1JH40H or HCI

425' (8720) 259 (t2,400)

5'90

4

(0.2-3- 0 ppm)

(0.5-3 ,ug/ml)

5

Ce (IV), V(IV) CIT' ,EniA inter-fere seriously even in trace amount

(V)V,Pb(II),Ag(I) En (II) tCr (III ), Al(IIl} at ~oderate concn.

la (11), t:lasl~ed by KC1.

1:i (II ), Zn (11 ), casked ''lith EIJ.rA

6 7

the method 1s appli- 07 cable f·::>r Co(n), and Fe(II) scpn.

Interference from ,li'e (III) and Cu(II), are removed qy 1~~ exchange r:.ethod

08

09

Several comL1on ions 010 have little influence on the results but Fe(IIl),Cu(II),Cr (III),Il"i(II) must be absent Co(II) detn. 011

Co(IlI) detn. this absorptivity is the largest theoxine method of cobalt detn.

012

Ib Q ...

Table

Medium pH

1 2

PapaveT"ine + SCN-EXtn w1 th ethylaeetale

A (E max)

3

620

Sens1 t1v1ty (C one en t ra ti. on range) 4

2-15,.ug/ml

Phenanth,.ene quinone monosemica,.bazone 2 8.3-10.8 0.0049...ug/cm

Phenanth,.o11ne + re(III)

3.0 CClCH2 5110 COONa burter

Ph enanthroline ... Fe(IlI)

acetate buffer

510-520

(7.08 ppm)

(241/2, ml)

10-6 1t-w/25 ml

In terference ( Tole ranc e)

5

Fe(III) and C u (II) w.ere masked by N~S203

OXid1s1ng,redu-c1ng,Hg(II) and Ag(I)

1Ni(II) ,Fe(lll), Zn(II) ,CueI!), C ct, Ho , w ,V etc

Remarks

6

Application in IIi and Vi tamin B12

Detn. of Co in Ni and N1 salt 1s possible

N03 ' t , SO 4- ' ., C 1 t_7

Detn. of Co in Ni 1s applicable

Reference

7

P1

p2

P3

p4-

t\)

o N

Table (Contd.) 4 56? 1 2 3

Phenanth~l1ne + EDTA EXtn.w1th 4-6 420 ethylene acetate chlo~1de buffer

Ph enanthT"o11ne

5-6 acetate buffer

420

phenanthrol1ne + EOsine BNX

4.6 acetate bufi'er

560 (50,000)

Phenanthrol1ne + th1osal1cylate

EXtn.w1th CHC~

5-6

Ph enazone + NH4SC~

Extn.w1th isobutyl methyl ketone + benzene

4,0 (18,000)

625

Ph enola zo -m-ph enyl enediamine

(2-40 ppm)

(20-400 ppm)

(0.00-1.68 "ug/rn1)

7.0 53 5 (0.2-1.2 Alg/ml) (21,700)

1-Phenyl-4-anl11no-1,2,4-tr1azol1um chlor1de Extn .wi th ~ 4. 0 626 ethylene pH chloride

Fe(III) 1s suppress ed by EDTA

Fe(II) ,Cu(lI) Ni (II)

au(II) can be masked with oxalate

N1 must be removed

Fe is previously exted.w1th butyl acetate

P,

p6

P7

p8

P9

P10

Application in ar-Ni P11 alloy and cobalt1i'er~-QUS rock

~ --CN

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3

phenanth~ol1ne + Xanthate dyes

EXtn. with 6-8 CHCl:3 (60,000

-Bo,OOO)

4-

Ph enan th T'olin e + Hyd T'Oxyx anth en edy es (eo sin)

Extn.w1th CHC~

7-8 amm. acetate

?45 (91,000) ( v--.O.01 - 1.7

,ug/ml)

Phenylazoacetaldox1me EXtn. w1th ~ B.O benzene aq .NH3

315-490 (11,300 to -4-1,500)

Phenylazobenzene aldoxime ~O

Phepyldlth10acetic acid EXtn.w1 th 2.7-B.b - 303 CRCl3 Ph enylfluorone + zeJil1ramine ~$~'% - 4.5-,.0 64-5

(48,000)

- ... -th1obenzo

(0.6-3., ppm)

5

c u(II) ,Nl(II), .fd(ll), Fh (Ill) , A. u (1 II) , EDTA

6 7

P12

P13

method can be appl1ed P14 to the detn. of Co(II) and (III) 1nvar1ous co-o~d1nat1on complexes

P15

1'16

P17

P18 N ~ •

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3

1-phenylth1osemica~baz1de lmmonical - yellow medium filter

4

(>0.01 mg/ml) -o_phthalaldehyded1thlosemicarbazone

8-10., 38, or NH3NH4CI 410

(5'600)

Phthal0cganine Extn.wi acetone

622

3-Hydraxypicolinealdehyde azine - 4.5 545 and

,70 (26,600 -30,400)

Picolinealdehyde aziDe 7.0 400

(3560)

(2.5'-20 ppm)

(0.15-1.6 ppm)

(3-11 ppm)

P1co11naldehyde 2-pYr1dylhydrazone Extn.with ,.6 547 ,o~04-o.4 ppm) CHCl:3+ .,

Acetone

, SCN) (Ni(II) ,Zn(II), Fe(III) )

Fe(II) ,Cu(lI) (ca(II) ,Ea(II), Sr(Il) ,Ug(II), zn(II) ,Hg(II), Mn(II) ,Ni(II) , ( L 100 ppm) )

6

Ag(I),Hg(II),Pd -(11), Fe(III) ,Cu (II), Ni(II h S203 I " EDTA(b fold)C d (II) ,002 (II) C204 ' I (60 fold)

Cu(II),N1(II),Fe -(III) ,Pd(II), Hg(II)

'-

7

P19

P20

P21

P22

P23

P24

N Q

Co"

Table 1

(Contd.)

2 3 1t-

icol1naldehvd e If.- ellYl 3-th1osemicarbazone Strong - 1.0 aced1c media 4.7

30 (0.2-2 ppm) ( 15,000) 390

~. (29,000)

P1co11naldehyde th1osem1.ca. T'bazone HAC + NaDAC 1.2 425' bufteT" med.

1-picolY11dene amino-2-napbthol 3-6 ;20 (3. 5-10 ppm)

7-10 385

P1crgmina zo-lf.-cyclohexylresorcinol Extn.wlth 2-3 55; (O.5-5flg/ml) eRCl 3-180- (28,000) amyl alcohol

P1cra~1nazod1am1nopyr1dine acid· - . 590 medium (35,300) ~2NH2S04)

(1-20 1"/25 ml)

~

Au(III),Cu(II). V(V), Ag(I),Pd(II),Pt(IV), sn (II) ,Hg (II) ,er (II I) ,N1 (11), Pb(I I) (Fe(I1I)-1000 ppm)

6

Pb(II O,Zn (I I) ,e d(I I) Ba(II), Al(In) ,Ga (III) ,Au(lII), Zr(IV), Mo(VI ),OS(VIII} (V02 (11), Sr(I I) , t.fg

(II) ,In(lll) ,W (IV), Rb(:r ) J

the method is applied - cable tor st eel analysis

the reagent used fOT" bina"'y, tema"'Y and quatema"'Y mixts.

Cr(ll) ,CU(lI) ,Hg(Il} Hi t ,Rg,l) ,Fe(II I}, cause errol'S of

"> 2 ppn

7

P25

P26

p'Z/

In te!'feT'ence of Fe, the method was used P28 C u,Pd c~nd 'V 0..012 ele'miYlC1Mfor Co detn. in soil by m~k1ng agents (JUh:a11 and alkru.1ne ea.rth metals, thiourea tri ethanels amine, Na, K, tartrate NBtt-P207

)

method is usedtUl P29 for detn. of Co in diff.steel samples wi thout 5epn. or use of masking agent ~

o C')

Table

1

CContd. ) 2 3

Pic~aminazo-m-phenYlenediam1ne

acidic 9.0 550 medium C2NH2S~ 610 Hel)

4-

Piperidinium pentamethYlene dithiocarbamate 44-5 (0.2-0.7 mg/ml)

tassiumbenzenesulfonyldlth10carbamate 2 Extn.wi th 1.0-9.0 640 0.0815 ,..ug/cm amyl (30-140 ppn) acetate

T~ipotass1um salt of (dithioca rboxy)irninodiaeet1e acid

5 . 6

(Mo(Vl),zn(II),Sn (II),e r(III) ,e d(II) , ~'e(lII), V(V) ,N!{ll), e u(I) ,Ag(I) ,MIl(II), W(Olx)

reducing subs. and thos e co..."1tes. S1-H am Si-Si linkages

method was us ad foY" Co detn. in steel.

th e method is applicable for detn. of Co derived from siIi"-cone. resins.

Cu(II),Pb(II),Ni(II), -Bi(III) ,J .. u(III) ,eN', EDTA, S03 ",S ",82°3

11

EO n, 3

(Fe(II) ,FeCIII) masked 'Wi th ascoT-bie ac id Ag(l) ,'\I (VI ), Pd(I I) t Hg(II),Sn(II),Sb(III), sn(IV) by oxalate)

Dil.HCl 5'.5-6.0 315 (0.01-0.1 mg/5'Oml) (MO(VI),Mn(II),W(Vl' medium acetate (33,000) Cr(III),l'l(IIl),lIb, )

buffer Ta, Al(lII»

Potassium biS{hydT"OXyeth~1)d1th10Carbamate neutrar 90 Na citrate

(01' ,N03 ',HP04-" " JU:,O ' , tartra te

Co-Cu rnixts. can be analysed with d1-Na-EDTA

7

P30

P31

P32

P33

P34

NIl Q -..J

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2

potassium malonate

n eu t '1"8.1 media

3

61,

potassium methyl xanthat& neutral o~ 286 acidic (30760)

316 (10960)

4

(0.02-0.047)

potassium mo~pholine-4-ca~bodith1oate

, Fe(III) ,Hi(II) ,C r (III) (Amts .la,..ger than CO)

6

C u and Mn must be 'l'"emoved l>efo~e oXidn. of Co eli )

7

P3,

Previous extn.with P36 CHCl3 is yel Lt ((eel. to sept. Co from Ni

Extn.\oI1th 360 (,.0-81.0 ug/10m1) the method is P37 molten (13"OO~ 0.0043 ug/cm2 developed for the naphthalene alloy analy.

potassium o,o-bisL~'-(1-phenyl-3-metbyl-4-ben~I1dene-'-Pfrazolone)_7dith1ophosphate

Extn.with 8 M 417 (~6:X10-511) (Fe(III),Cu(II),Cr P38 CHC1

3 Hel (15,400) (Ill), Mn(II),Mo(VI),

111(IlI) ,Pb(II) ,Zn (II),Cd(II)

Promethazine hyd rochlor.1de + NH~SCN EXtn.wlth 622 (0.5-lt5 ppm) CHCl:3

P~opylened1aminetetraacetate (PDTAl -4 _ > 2-8.0 ,40 L (1-30)x10 tL/

( 17,600)

P~t~iptylinium ion + KSCN

Fe(II]:.) ,Ni(II),Cb'(II), H(VI),Fe(II),Sn(II), C r(III) ,MIl(II)

P39

p4{)

EXtn.with 1-7.0 342 CHCl3 - (,200)

Fe (I II) masked by NH4F and Cu,lI) by

the me thod can be applied ~or steel analysis

p41 l\) Q;

Acetone 622 (2500) Na2S203

("J)

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2

~urinsulfonate

2.18-4.0,

3

52,

pyrazinecarboxy11c acid amide alkaline 380 medium (6000)

4- , (3.0 ppm) Hi(II)

( 1-1, .Atg/ml)

pyrazoleL-,-azo-1-(2-hydro~naphthalene)~-4-CarboXylic acid (KPAN)

C,H19H 3·0 ,80-620

2,2'-py r id1lmonoxime or 2,2'-dipy~idylglyoxalmonoxime 2 Extn.w1 th ,.0 408 0.0035' Alg/cm Sn(n) ,C "'(111), Pu

(III),EDTA,CN'(large amt. )

CHC~ (17,000) (0.40-4.0 ppm)

2,2 t -py,..1dil b1s(2-iuinolylhydrazone) Highly 3.0 N 530 acidic HCI04 media Moderately moderately 3.0 pH ,10 acid media 1.0 N

HCl04

iCU(ll) and Au(III) we'"a PYaexted. Fe(III) Mn(II),Ni(1I) \lere masked by Na4P20 7 and Na ci trateJ

SO' ',CN t 2 8

(serious inter)

6 7

p42

th e method was used p4-3 to det. CD in phanna-ceutical prepns.

the metbod \I as Sop Plica ble to,.. Co datu. in Ferro cobalt

p44

Fl+,

p46

N o co

Table 1

Py,..idine

(Contd. ) 2 3 1t-

If.90-510 (0.001 gm/11ter

Py,..1d1ne-2-aldehyde 2-py,..idylhydra zone + EOs1ne EXtn.w1th ,.6 'If.7 (0.04-0.4 ppm) CRC13 + Acetone

2-Pyr1d1nealdox1me 3.8 and

12. , 380

pyridine + azide mixed ligand EXtn.with ,.0-6., 370 isobut,yl (12,000) acetate

(0.00, .-ug/crrf) (0. 1-4 Alg/ml)

2-pyridineca rboxaldehyde 2-pyridylhydrazone

6.0 sq. 350-390 (2-5 ppm) acetate buffer

2-Pyrid1neca rboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone NaOJ.c - 425' (1-5' ppm) HOAC (725'0) buffer 356

(14,000) 2-6-~"'1d1nedica"'bOXY11c ac1d dl1u e ~ 514 acid media

, 6 7 Absorbance of the p47 Co sal t inc,..eas e wi th pyndine concan upto 10 fold

N1(II),Fe(II),Pd(II), method ~as success- p48 Hg(lI), can be fully applied fo,.. eliminated b.Y ion CO detn. 1n steels exchange

Hg(II),CU(Ir),Sll(II), -Fe(Ill),Nl(lI),Zn(II), Fe(ll) ,Pd(ll) ,Au,MO ,V, etc.(at 2 ppm level)

Fe(II) ,Ui(lI) ,Cu(!l)

p49

~,o

P,1

P5'2

Cl' interfered CO(111) detn. p53 ~ 10-

o

Table (Contd. )

1 2 3 4-

2-Pyridyl-2-thienyl-B-Ketoxime

Extn.with 8·3 412 (0.05-0.6 ppm) CHC~

21416-aI~idlnetrlcarboxIlic a~id

4.0 N Hel 277 (10-200 .A1g)

Pyridoxal thios emica,.bazone

4.7 aq. 440 acetate

(1-4 ppm)

buffer

fyl'"1dox1neazo dYe (mercurion)

6.9-8.3 510-,20 (0.06-0.1 ".ug/ml)

2,2'-bispy,.idylglyoxa12-quinolylhyd,.azone 2

- 4.0-8.0 520 0.0018~g/cm (32,000) (0.24-1.92 ppm)

2-py,.idylcarboxylic acid hydrazide

t 350 (2-6., ppm)

Dl-2-wridyl(keton(l)pYrimidin-2-t_wlbydre.zone

HCl04-

(2.,-6.5 M)

2.5-11.5 460 (2.1 ppm) (29,500) 440 (0.47-1.6, (31,500) ppm)

5 6 7

fMn(l I),Cu(l.l) ,Ni(!l), th e method \las or Zn(IIL/ appl1edble for Co'

p54

detn. in Fe and Fe salts.

~'e(Ill) ,Cu(l!) electrolytic sapo. p55 ,equal 1'010) l~or interi'er1ng Ag(I),Pb(!l),Ba(ll) elements can be (at 10 fold) utilized

P56

P5?

Zn(II),Cd(II),Hg(II), the method is appli- p58 Cu(ll),Fe(ll),EDTA, cable for CO detn. in 82° a It and CN' the pro. of Ni and

other elements

EDTA,820a ",CN '

P59

p60 l\) .... ~

Table 1

(Contd. )

2 3 4

~1-2-evrldYlketone-2-pyr1d¥lhYd~zone

3 -11. ° 480 ( 0. 25 -3 .75) (32,000)

20 % HCl04 5'00 (42,000) (0.15-2.0 ppm)

2 0.0014 "ug/cm

Di-2-py,..ldylketonethiosemicarbazone

3.8-6.0 415 (1-5 ppm) acetate (10,000)

or phosphate buffer

Dl-2-pyrldylketoxime

EXtn with ,0 % Na CB:1:3 cl trate

soln.

Dl-2-pyrldylketoxime

Extn. with 8.5' eBe13

388

388 (0.71-1.66 ppm)

hi s (2-pyri dyl) methaoon e 2-pyrirnl dinylhyd razon e 2 2.5'-6.5'M 2.5'-11.5' 440 0.0018;ug/cm

HCI04 (31,5'00) 460 (29,5'00)

5 6

fZ.n(Il),Cd(II),Pb(II), -.Mn (II) ,Hg (II) ,C 1"(111), AI(!II) ,F t ,Cl t ,BT' I, S04",N02 ',oxa late etc.

EDTA,CN t , NH4 (I) _ (in all{s11ne media)

L Zn (11) ,Be(lIr), Pb(II), Fe(III) ,Mn(Il) ,Ag (I) , Au(llI),Hg(lI) maSk§d with maSking agentJ

7

1'61

p62

p63

LFe(ll),CU(ll),Mg(lI), the method was p64 Mn(II),Ti(Ill),Al(III) applicable for detn.

of coln excess of Ni( 15'0 fold)

EDTA, persulfste and the method in HCl04 1'65' eN ' was us ed for detn.

of alloy s con ~ • t ransi tion metals ~ ,..

N

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3 4

2_(dl-(2-pyrldylmethylldenehydna;ino9uinoline)

5

011-6 M 2-12.0 510 (0.22-1.73 ppm) CNt,BDTA,S20a",V(V)

6

HCI04- ~~~,500) L ~u(r:L),Hn{ll),ll'e(ll), (4-1 000) ca(ll),Hg(II) tolerated

, upto 20 ppm U8~g

1-(B-pyrldYl)-3-phenYl-3-hydroxytria~

neut,.a.l 3,0 0.1 .ug/ml. Extn.wlth (30,000) CRCl

3 2-PyridYl-2-th1enII-B-ketox1me neutral extn. 4-12 w1th CHC~ (20,000)

(1.2-2.4 ppm) 2

0.0029,.ug/cm

masking agent J

MIlO 4- ' ,C 1"Olt ", EDTA, F', Pd(Il),Pl(II)

7

p66

p67

p68

2-py,..1dyl-2-thienyl-B-ketox1me Extn.w1th 8.6-9.0 412 (0.05-0.6 ppm) LHn{II),CU(II),Nl(ll)_/ the method 1s F69 CRC13 buffer 80ln

(c1t,..ate)

2,4,6 t,..l- ':2(Py"'ldyl) -1,3, ?-t,..lazine aq. ethanol 8.5 485' (If.-20 ppm) medium

5-chlo"'opyrldylazo amlnophenol 10 N H2S~ 7.0 5'80

buffer 10,6000

Fe(III) ,ni(lI) ,C U(II)

~Pb{II)tAl(III),Fe(III) Nn(I I), Ti{IV), Zr(II), C reI II).!.2..n (II), V(V), Nl{II)_/

applicable fa". Cb' detn. in M. ve,. water and in iT'on ~1re o'r" spong i,..on chlo~de

CO should be pre-exted w1th t,.ibutyl phosphate

the method was used to det.CO in pure· salts and in steels

P70

P71

N .... CN

Table

1

(Con td.)

2 3 1+

Py~idYlazoch~omot~opic acid Cdi Na salt) 640 (0.16-0.12 ppm) (33,600)

6-(2-p'y~idylazo)-4-cy~Ohexylreso~c1nol + 10 % H202 3.0 N HCI 3. ° 580 and (1-50 "ug/10 ml) Extn.wi th 59, CHC~-amYl (26,000) alcohol

4-(2-pyridylazo)-1,3-d1aminobenzene derivs strong (1.00-1.23) -acidic medium x 105

4- (5'-bromo-2-pyr1dylazo) -1.3 -diam1nobenzene strong 580 (1.7-25.2 acidic medium .tUg/50 ml)

4--/-('l-ch 10 slightly acid,neu tral or alkali med1um

530-750 ( 11,300)

-diamino ben z ena

0.00051..ug/cm (0.02-0.5 ppm)

5

O~ t~iethanolam1ne

Ge(II), V(V), '1h (III), C r(1 II) ,Mo (VI), Ni (lI)'~i.r(lII), B1 (I I), alkali and al.kal.1n e earthmetal.s

Fe(IIl) and Cr(lll) (VI) masked by F) and NH20H

4-L-

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 .... 5

4_L-(5-chlo~0-2-pyr1dYlazo)_7-3-d1am1nobenzene (,-CI-PADAB)

8 M H2

SO,+ 570 !t'e(lll) and V( V) wi th NHlt~l'Olt

3-r< 5-chlo,,"o-2-pyridylazo) 7-2,6-diaminopyr1d1ne acid,neutr-' ,.0 620 (0.2-1.2 ppm) a1 alkali acetate (36900) medium buffer 1.2 M HOl

5-(2-pyridylazo)-2,4--diaminotoloene (PADAT) 2

EKtn.YJi th 4.0 560 0.00064- Alg/cm pentylalc acetate (92,600) (0-16 pg/,O ml.) and back 'buffe~ ext,,_ with 4- M Hel

Extn with 3-methyl butanol

4-11 561 (1, 16000)

(0.001-0.4 ppm)

Cu(Il) and Ni(!l) was eliminated by Zon(!!} + IDTA

i!'a(III) ,Cu (II), (large amts.)

L-pO 4 It r t tart ra te_/

6 7

It'e(1I1), V(V) ,Cu (I I) P7 8 Ni(Il) ~ere eliminated by masking agent before Co detn.

1: 20 mg Fe(II1) P79 can be masked by H202 so CO can be detd. in alloy s without p'l'"ior sepn.

th e method was p80 applicable fo~ Co dotn. in alloy steel and h1gh ca~bonsteel.

~ ... t-'1

Table

1

(Contd. )

2 3 4

(O-pyrid;y1-2-azo)-1r,lr-d1eth;yl-o-aoinoPbenol (PAAP)

Extn.Yith CHC13

4-9 :r,m4II03 or HOAC buffer

)70 (86,OOO)

,

2-(1-bromo-2-EYridxlazo)-5-d1cthylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP2

7.0 1 11 Amm. acetate

2-10

,86

580 (99,OOO)

2-(2-pyr1dylazo)-5-diethylaminopbenold1bromo deriv

2-10 590 (96,000)

2-(5-chloro-2-:e;yridylazo)-5-diethylamill0;ehenol

-1: 10 fold excess of V(V),Hg(II) ri (II),Cu(II), Pd (II) interfere

6

'J.'he l'!lethod ')as app.lied for Co detn. in cyanocobalmin isotonic sOln and in potable ,,:atars

2M H2S

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3 4

2-(2-pyridylazo)-5-dietbyl-m-aminophcnol

6.0-8.0 570 & ,82 (84,000)

(O.05-1 Y 1mJ.)

5-(2-pyridtlazo)-2-ethylamino-p-cresol

8.0 buffer

530 (74,000)

2-(5-bromo-2-EYridylazo)-5-ethylamino-p-cresol

540 (75,000)

2-{3,?-dibromo-2-pyr1d~zo)-5-ethylam1no-p-cresol

55.0 (63,000)

6- (2-pyridylazo )-3,4, dirnethtlplenol)

, 6 7 Fe (Ill), lri(II) Cobalt determination P8, must be masked with in steel sample complexon (Ill) 1 ;300 Hn(II) 1:500 Al(III),Zn(II) ~ith eomplexon III, and large ants. of Cu with 10 % N~~03

lnt erfe renee from Applicable in steel Hn(11) ,n(IlI), Zn(lI) detn. Fe(III),Ui(II), cab be eliminated by using complexon III and Cu (11) \'1ith Na..~S203

P86

P86A

p86B

Extn. "11 th chloroform

2-11 640 (0.2-0.3 N (13,000) NaCl)

(5-90jUg/ml) N1(II ),Fe (III), can p87 be eliminated by rext. with 0.4 N Il2S0lf.

L- Cd(II) ,Mp(lI), Zn(n), upto 1000 fold, Pb(II), Cr(Ill),S b(III) upto 300 fold, Cu(II), in

~ .... -.J

Table 1

(Contd. ) 2 3

1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN)

Extn.l'lith CdC~

Extn.~ith CEC13

Extn • ,.! i th CHC13

5-6

3-6

5.0 buffer

58,

590 & 640

630

628 (21,000)

,.0 628 acetate

1- (2-pyridylazo)-2-naptlthol (PAn) Extn.with 2.0 625 CHC~

4

(1-5 reo)

(0.1-2.4..ug/ml)

0.03,ug (0..J+ Alg/ml)

5

presence of thiourea upto 25'00 fold K03 ',S04u , Po41t, ,Cl' Br')

Cu(Il),l:! (II) ,Fe (III), Zn(n) Cd(II), are masked' by ci trat e other interfering elements can be elitunated by ion exchange method

6

Application for Co detn. in cobnlaminas

the riethod is appli-cable for Co detn. in Th02 slury and in

steel

7

PBB